US3088543A

US3088543A - Extensible multi-section supporting structures

Info

Publication number: US3088543A
Application number: US44212A
Authority: US
Inventors: Moller Hermann
Original assignee: Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz AG
Current assignee: Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz AG
Priority date: 1960-04-16
Filing date: 1960-07-20
Publication date: 1963-05-07
Anticipated expiration: 1980-05-07

Description

y 7, 1963 H. MOLLER 3,088,543

EXTENSIBLE MULTI-SECTION SUPPORTING STRUCTURES Filed July 20, 1960 s Sheets-Sheet 1 //v vglvroR HERMANN MOLLER BYWSSGJ/Q,

his A TTORNEY y 7, 1963 H. MULLER 3,088,543 I EXTENSIBLE MULTI-SECTION SUPPORTING STRUCTURES Filed July 20, 1960 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR HERMANN MULLER W S hi5 ATTORNEY y 1963 H. MGLLER 3,088,543

EXTENSIBLE MULTI-SECTION SUPPORTING STRUCTURES Filed July 20. 1960 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR HERMANN MOLLER W2 me,

his A TTORNEY y 7, 1963 H. MOLLER 3,088,543

EXTENSIBLE MULTI-SECTION SUPPORTING STRUCTURES Filed July 20, 1960 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR: HERMANN MOLLER BY his A TTORNEY H. MQLLER May 7, 1963 EXTENSIBLE MULTI-SECTION SUPPORTING STRUCTURES 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed July 20, 1960 m/vg/vroR HERMANN MULLER his A TTORNEY 3,988,543 Eatented May 7, 1963 ice 3,085,543 EXTENSIBLE MULTI-SECTION SUPPORTWG STRUCTURES Hermann Miiller, Cologne-Merheim, Germany, assignor to Iflockner-Humholdt-Deutz A.G., Cologne, Germany Filed July 2%, 1960, Ser. No. 44,212 Claimspriority, application Germany Apr. 16, 1960 Claims. (Cl. 182-211) The present invention relates to extensible. multi-section supporting structures, such as extension ladders, radio and television towers, supports and scafiolds for use in construction and repair work at variable elevations above the ground, and the like. More particularly, the invention relates to an extensible and collapsible supporting structure consisting of at least three sections which is especially suited for use as a firemans ladder.

An important object of the invention is to provide an extensible and retractible multi-section supporting structure which is constructed and assembled in such a way that the extension and retraction of its sections always take place in a predetermined sequence.

Another important object of the invention is to provide a supporting structure of the just outlined characteristics which is more reliable and hence safer in use than the supporting structures of presently known design.

A further object of the invention is to provide an extension ladder which is constructed and assembled in such a way that the uppermost section cannot be retracted before the retraction of the section therebelow is completed, and so forth, and in which the sections located at a higher level must move to a fully extended position before the sections therebelow may be moved to their respective extended positions.

An additional object of the invention is to provide an extensible and retractible multi-section supporting structure, such as an extension ladder, in which a single controlling means may determine the sequence of movements performed by two or more sections.

Still another object of the invention is to provide an arrangement for controlling the sequence of movements of sections in a multi-section supporting structure which may be readily installed in many multi-section. supporting structures of presently known design.

An additional object of the invention is to provide an arrangment of the just outlined characteristics which occupies little space, which adds little to the overall weight of a multi-section supporting structure, and which may be operated with great safety and for extended periods of time without requiring any or by requiring very little attention.

With the above objects in view, the invention resides in the provision of an extensible multisection structure which comprises essentially a first, a second and a third or median section with the median section located between the first and second sections, means for slidably guiding the firs-t section longitudinally of the median section and for slidably guiding the median section longitudinally of the second section so that the first section may be moved between an extended position in which its rear end is adjacent to the forward end of the median section and a retracted position in which the forward ends of the first and median sections are adjacent to each other, as well that the median section may be moved between an extended and a retracted position in which its rear and. forward end is respectively adjacent to the forward end of the second section. In accordance with the present invention, the median section carries one or two rockable levers including two locking arms the first of which may engage with a suitable detent means providedat the rear end of the first section when the latter is moved to its extended position and the second of which may engage with a second detent means provided at the forward end of the second section when the median section is moved to its retracted position. In other words, the first locking arm and the first detent means can prevent a displacement of the median section with respect to the first section or vice versa, while the second locking arm and the second detent means may prevent any displacement of the median section with respect to the second section. The improved arrangement further comprises first and second operating means, preferably formed as cam means mounted at the forward end of the second section and at the rear end of the first section, respectively, for selectively disengaging the locking.

arms from the associated detent means. Thus, when the first section is moved to its fully extended position, the second cam means which is mounted at the rear end of the first section disengage the secondlocking arm from the detent means onthe second section so that the median section is movable with the first section with respect to the second section. On the other hand, when the median section is moved to its fully retracted position the first cam means which is mounted at the forward end of the second section will disengage the first locking arm from the detent means on the first section so that the latter may be moved with respect to the median section.

The locking arms may form integral parts of two distinct levers both rockably mounted at the forward end of the median section, or the two locking arms may constitute two arms of a four-armed lever whose other two arms are engageable with the respective cam means to rock the four-armed lever in clockwise or anticlockwise direction. Altemately, the first detent means may be integrally formed with the second cam, and the second detent means may form an integral part of the first cam. In such instances, the arrangement may utilize a twoarmed bell crank lever whose locking arms then alternately perform two difierent functions, namely, one of the arms may rock the other arm upon engagement with one of the cams so that the other arm moves into locking engagement with the detent means of the other cam, and the other arm may rock the one arm upon engagement with the other cam so that the one arm moves into locking engagement with the detent means of the one cam.

The novel features which are considered as characteristic for the invention are set forth in particular in the appended claims. The invention itself, however, both as to its construction and, its method of operation, together with. additional objects and advantages thereof, will be best understood from the following detailed description of certain specific embodiments when read in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic side elevational view of a truckmounted extension ladder embodying one form of they invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged fragmentary side elevational view of three sections forming part of the extension ladder shown in FIG. 1, with the first or upper section in fully extended position;

FIG. 3 is a similar fragmentary side elevational view of three sections forming part of a modified supporting structure in which a single four-armed lever controls the movements of two sections, the upper section being shown close to its fully extended position;

FIG. 4 is a similar side elevational view of the modified supporting structure with the upper section shown in fully extended. position;

FIG. 5 is a further side elevational view of the modified supporting structure with the uppermost section in fully extended position and with the median section in partially extended position;

FIG. 6 is a fragmentary side elevational view of three 3 sections forming part of a different supporting structure in which a two-armed bell crank lever controls the extension and retraction of the two upper sections, the uppermost section being shown close to its fully extended position;

FIG. 7 is a view similar to the view of FIG. 6, showing the uppermost section in fully extended position;

FIG. 8 is a central section through the median section taken along the line A-B of FIG. 7, as seen in the direction of arrows;

FIG. 9 is a view similar to the views of FIGS. 6 and 7 with the uppermost section in fully extended position and with the median section in partly extended position; and

FIG. 10 is an enlarged fragmentary detail view of the structure shown in FIGS. 6, 7 and 9.

Referring now in greater detail to the illustrated embodiments, and first to FIG. 1, there is shown a multisection supporting structure in the form of an extension ladder L which is mounted on the platform 5 of a firemans truck T in such manner that it may be rotated about a vertical axis 6 as well as about a horizontal pivot axis 7. The extension ladder L consists of four

sections

1, 2, 3, 4 the latter of which is fixed to a carriage 7a pivotally connected at 7 to a rotary turret 6a whose axis of rotation coincides with the vertical axis 6. The carriage 7a is pivotable about the horizontal axis 7 by a fluid operated piston-cylinder assembly comprising a piston rod 7b which is articulately connected to the carriage by a pivot axle 7c and is mounted at that side of the turret 6a which is turned away from the side facing the observer of FIG. 1. The turret 6a also supports a winch assembly 9a whose drum 9 serves as an anchoring means for one end of the cable or rope 3, this cable being led about suitable pulleys 10 mounted at the forward end of the lowermost section 4 and at the forward and rear ends of the

intermediate sections

3 and 2. The other end of the cable 8 is anchored at the rear end of the uppermost section 1. The piston rod 7b of the piston-cylinder assembly is adapted to tilt the carriage 7a with the extension ladder L in a vertical plane so that the sections 1-4 may be pivoted between a horizontal idle position and a nearly or fully vertical operative position. A rotation of the turret 6a will cause angular displacements of the extension ladder about the vertical axis 6. The means for guiding the extending and retracting movements of the sections 13 with respect to each other and with respect to the fixed section 4 have been omitted in FIG. 1 for the sake of clarity. Such guide means are shown in FIG. 2.

In accordance with my invention, and as will be fully explained in connection with FIGS. 2-10, the construction of the extension ladder L is such that, when the winch 9a is rotated in a direction to wind the cable 8 onto the drum 9, the uppermost section 1 will be moved upwardly and along the adjacent section 2 until a stop member 11 at the rear end of the section 1 comes into abutment with a counterstop 12 located at the forward end of the section 2 therebelow, whereupon the section 2 will travel forwardly and upwardly until the stop 11a at its rear end comes into abutment with the counterstop 12a at the forward end of the section 3. Upon further rotation of the winch drum 9 in a direction to wind the cable 8 thereon, the section 3 will slide along the fixed lowermost section 4 until the stop 11b at the rear end of the section 3 comes into abutment with the counterstop 121) at the forward end of the lowermost section 4. On the other hand, when the drum 9 is rotated in a direction to pay out the cable 8, the section 3 will return to the position of FIG. 1 in advance of the section 2, followed by the section 2, and finally by the section 1, Le. the uppermost section 1 is the first to move to an extended position but the last to return to its retracted position. In such manner, the center of gravity of the extension ladder L is always rather close to the ground because the sections 1-3 will be held in a position above the turret 6a excepting when the ladder L is completely extended. Moreover, since the sections 1-3 are moved seriatirn rather than simultaneously, the ladder may be extended or shortened through very short distances, i.e. through distances equal to the spacing between the adjacent rungs of a single section. In many presently known extension ladders whose sections move simultaneously to an extended or retracted position, it is necessary that each section be moved through a distance equal to the spacing between two adjacent rungs if the operator desires to move only one section through such a distance.

It will be noted that FIG. 1 shows the extension ladder L in a position in which the uppermost section 1 is in fully and the next section 2 in partially extended position. The section 3 is shown in its idle or retracted position in which the stop 11b abuts against the rear counterstop 12c of the fixed section 4.

Referring now to FIG. 2, there is shown the uppermost part of the extension ladder L with the upper or first section 1 in fully extended position and with the median or third section 2 only slightly displaced from its completely retracted position. This ladder embodies a novel arrangement which holds the median section 2 against movement with respect to the lower or second section 3 before the upper section 1 reaches its fully extended position, and for holding the upper section 1 against movement into retracted position before the median section 2 reaches such retracted position. The means for guiding the

sections

1, 2, 3 with respect to each other is indicated by the reference character G.

As shown in FIG. 2, the rear stop 11 of the upper section 1 abuts against the counterstop 12 at the forward end of the median section 2. The reference character a indicates a short distance by which the median section 2 is moved from its fully retracted position. The section 2 rockably supports a first two-armed lever 13 whose forward or locking arm 13a abuts against the suitably inclined stop face of a first detent member 16 fixed to and adjacent to the rear end of the upper section 1 so that the locking arm 13:: locks the upper section 1 to the median section 2. The lever 13 is under the bias of a resilient element here shown as a helical spring 15 whose ends bear against the rear or rocking arm 13b of the lever 13 and against a cup 15a fixed to the side wall of the median section 2. Thus, the spring 15 tends to turn the lever 13 in clockwise direction whereby the nose of the rocking arm 13b a-buts against the adjacent face of a first cam 14 which is fixed to the forward end of the lower section 3. The configuration of the cam 14 is such that it pivots the lever 13 against the bias of the spring 15 when the median section 2 is moved to its fully retracted position but that it permits the spring 15 to pivot the lever 13 into the position of FIG. 2 as soon as the median section is slightly moved in forward direction toward its extended position (distance a).

A second two-armed lever 17, similar to the lever 13, is rockably mounted preferably at the other lateral side of the median section 2, its purpose being to prevent the section 2 from moving from its retracted position before the stop 11 engages with the counterstop 12. To that end, the lower sections 3 carries a second detent member 19 formed with a suitably inclined stop face which normally engages with the free end of the forward or locking arm 17a forming part of the lever 17 and thereby prevents the median section 2 from moving in forward direction. The lever 17 is under the bias of a helical spring 15' supported by the median section 2 and acting in such a way that the lever .17 tends to turn in anticlockwise direction whereby the nose of its rear or rocking arm 17b slides along the inclined face of a second cam 18 whenever the upper section 1 moves to the position of FIG. 2 so as to pivot the lever 17 in clockwise direction and to remove the second locking arm 17a from engagement with the stop face of the second detent means 19. It will be seen that the second cam 18 is fixed to the rear end portion of the upper section 1 so that it turns the lever 17 in clockwise direction shortly before the stop 11 comes into abutment with the counterstop 12 to thereby release the median section 2 and to permit a movement of this median section in forward direction, i.e. upwardly and to the left of FIG. 2.

In the position of FIG. 2, the upper section 1 is locked against movement with respect to the median section 2, i.e. against movement into a retracted position, because the median section is not completely retracted. However, as soon as the section 2 moves to its fully retracted position (downwardly and to the right of FIG. 1) so that its forward end becomes aligned with the forward end of the lower section 3, the upper section 1 is automatically released for movement to its retracted position because the lever 13 is then rocked in anticlockwise direction by the inclined surface of the cam 14 which acts upon the rocking arm 13b, and the first locking arm 13a moves away from the stop face of the first detent means 16. Also, as the upper section 1 begins to return to its retracted position with respect to the median section 2, the second cam 18 releases the rocking arm 17b so that the spring 15 is free to rock the lever 17 in anticlockwise direction and to. thereby move the second locking arm 170 into engagement with the stop; face of the second detent means 19 which locks the median section 2 to the lower section 3 until such time when the stop 11 again comes into abutment with the counterstop 12.

'An important advantage of the controlling arrangement described in connection with FIG. 2 is that, in contrast to the known constructions which utilize a cable and pulleys for extending or retracting the aligned sections of an extensible multi-section supporting structure, the sequence in which the sections of the ladder L may be moved with respect to each other is determined in advance and is maintained in a fully automatic way during the extension or collapse of the supporting structure. In other words, the median section 2 cannot be moved to its extended position before the upper section 1, and the upper section cannot return to its retracted position before the median section. In prior constructions, the sequence of movement of the sections to extended position is determined solely by the fact that the weight of the upper section is less than the combined weight of two uppermost sections, that the combined weight of two uppermost sections is less than the combined weight of three uppermost sections, and so forth. This weight difference is also a determining factor as regards. the sequence in which the sections of prior art supporting structures return to their retracted positions, i.e. the combined weight of all movable sections will cause them to move in unison in such a way that the lowermost movable section returns to its retracted position whenever the winch pays out the cable, whereupon the next lowermost section returns to its retracted position together with all sections thereabove, and so forth. In such prior constructions, excessive friction between certain sections or the deformation of a given section could prevent the sections from performing movements to retracted or extended position in a desired sequence which could result in accidents if an improperly extended or collapsed supporting structure is put to use. It can be said that the improved supporting structure of the present invention not only relies on the weight of individual sections and on the combined weight of two or more sections to insure a retraction and extension in a given sequence, but that the invention also provides means insuring that the given sequence cannot be altered as a result of inaccuracies. in the manufacture of component parts, deformation of one or more sections or of the guide means. therefor, temperature changes, or any other factors which eould eventually hinder the force of gravity from controlling the extension and retraction of sections in a desired, sequence.

. 6 The modified ladder L of FIGS. 3 to 5 is controlled by p a four-armed lever 20 which is pivoted to aside wall and is located at the forward end of the median section 2, as at 2%, and whose arms perform all the functions of the two-armed levers 13 and 17 of FIG. 2. The lever 20 comprises two locking

arms

21, 22 and two rocking or adjusting

arms

23, 24. The first opposing pair of

arms

22, 24 performs the function of the arms 13a, 13b, and the second pair of opposing

arms

21, 23 performs the function of the arms 17a, 17b respectively. A pointed re taining member 25 which is slidably mounted in the body of the lever 20 and is permanently biased by a helical spring 25a cooperates with a pointed retaining cam 25b fixed to the median section 2 to yieldably hold the lever 20 in one of its two extreme positions shown in FIGS. 3 and 5. In the position of FIG. 3, the tip of the second locking arm 21 engages with the stop face of a second detent member 119 mounted at the forward end of the lower section 3 while the first locking arm 22 is spaced from the stop face of a first detent member 116 located at the rear end of the upper section 1. Consequently, the upper section is free to move in either direction with respect to the median section 2 therebelow. A follower roller 23a mounted at the free end of the second rocking arm 23 is received in an inclined channel formed by a cam 118 which is secured to the rear end of the upper section 1 while a similar follower roller 24a on the rocking arm 24 is removed from the guide channel of a cam 114 carried by and located at the forward end of the lower section 3. The purpose of the retaining

assembly

25, 25a, 25b is to prevent unintentional rocking movements of the lever 20 about the pivot 200. Of course, such unintentional rocking movement could be prevented by extending the guide channels of the

cams

114, 118 all the way along the

sections

2, 1, respectively which, however, would increase the weight and the initial cost of the extension ladder L.

FIG. 3 shows the

sections

1, 2, 3 in a position in which the median section 2 is fully retracted and the stop 11 at the rear end of the upper section is spaced by a distance 12 from the counterstop 12. In other words, the upper section 1 is very close to its fully extended position. The follower roller 23a is located at the outermost end of the inclined guide channel in the second cam 118 and holds the second locking arm 21 in abutment with the stop face of the second detent member 119, i.e. the median section 2 is securely locked against displacement with respect to the lower section 3. The position of the lever 20 remains unchanged if the upper section 1 is moved to its retracted position because, though the follower roller 236 will move from engagement with the second cam 118-, the retaining means 25, 25a, 2512 will prevent the lever from being rocked in clockwise direction excepting when an external force applied to the lever 20 overcomes the bias of thespring 25a and permits the retaining member 25 to travel along the inclined surface and over the tip of the fixed retaining cam 25b to the position of FIG. 5. Such ex ternal force is supplied by the follower roller 23a when the upper section 1 moves from the position of FIG. 3 to the position of FIG. 4, i.e. when the distance I) is reduced to zero and the stop 11 engages with the counterstop 12, because the -roller 23a travels in the inwardly inclined guide channel of the, second cam 118 and forcibly turns the lever 29 in clockwise direction so that the tip of the retaining member 25 engages with the tip of the retaining cam 25b. At the same time, the roller 24a of the first rocking arm 24 enters the inner end of the guide channel in the first cam 114- and, as the second locking arm 21 is already moved away from the second detent member 119, the median section 2 is now free to move to its extended position. A short displacement of the median section with respect to the lower section 3 (see the distance a in FIG. 5) is sufficient to bring about a further rocking movement of the lever 20' in clockwise direction so as to move the first locking arm 22. into abutment. with the stop face of the first detent member 116 and to lock the upper section to the median section. Such rocking of the lever is brought about by the follower 24a which travels toward the outer end of the inclined channel in the first cam 114- and permits the spring a to expand whereby the retaining cam 25b holds the retaining member 25 in the new position of FIG. 5.

The operation of the lever 20 is reversed when the median section 2 is returned from the position of FIG. 5 into the position of FIG. 4. The first earn 114 and the follower roller 24a will rock the lever 21) in anticlockwise direction to remove the first locking arm 22 from engagement with the first detent member 116 so that the upper section 1 is free to return to its retracted position. Such movement of the section 1 (to the position of FIG. 3) brings the roller 23a into engagement with the second cam 118 and results in anticlockwise rotation of the lever 20 so that the second locking arm 21 engages with the second detent member 119 and locks the median section 2 to the lower section 3. In other words, during an extension of the ladder L, the lever 20 will operate in such a way as to lock the moving sections to each other and to consecutively release the moving sections from the stationary sections therebelow. During the retraction of ladder sections, the lever 21% will lock the fully retracted sections to each other and will consecutively release the extended sections from the fully retracted sections.

of course, the

follower rollers

23a, 24a may be replaced by non-rotatable pins or other projections as long as such projections may be properly guided in the channels of

cams

118 and 114.

Referring now to FIGS. 6 to 10, there is shown a modified multi-section supporting structure in the form of an extension ladder L" whose sections are controlled by a bell crank lever which is rockable about a pivot member 33 fixed to and located in the proximity of the forward end of the median section 2. The locking

arms

31, 32 of the lever 30 carry rocking members in the form of

follower rollers

34, 34a, respectively. The roller 34 is adapted to cooperate with the inclined walls 36-, 37 of a guide channel defined by a cam 218 fixed to the rear end of the upper section 1. A similar cam 214- is fixed to the forward end of the section 3 and defines an inclined guide channel bounded by inclined walls a, 37a for the follower roller 34a The wall 37 is formed with a differently inclined extension 38 which constitutes a first detent means in that it may engage with a locking face 4%? at the forward end of the first locking arm 31 to prevent a displacement of the upper section 1 with respect to the median section 2 when the bell crank lever 34 assumes the position of FIG. 9 in which the stop 11 abuts against the counterstop 12. A similar second detent means is formed by the extension 38a of the wall 37a. This second detent means 3% is adapted to engage with the locking face 40a at the forward end of the second locking arm 32 and to thereby lock the median section 2 to the lower section 3 in the position of FIG. 6, i.e. when the upper section 1 is free to move with respect to the median section.

FIG. 6 illustrates the extension ladder L" in a position in which the stop 11 is spaced by a distance b from the counterstop 12, i.e. the upper section 1 is close to its fully extended position. The rocking follower roller 34 is located at the innermost end of the channel between the

cam walls

36 and 37, and the stop face 4%) is not engaged by the first detent means 38. Consequently, the upper section 1 is free to move in either direction with respect to the median section 2 which latter is locked to the lower section 3 by the engagement of the face 40a on the second locking arm 32 with the second detent means 38a. The bell crank lever 30 is yieldably held in such position by a spherical retaining member 35 which is guided by a bracket 35a secured to the central portion of the lever 30. The retaining member 35 is under the bias of a helical spring 351) which permanently urges the member 35 into one of two

concave seats

35c, 35d formed in a second bracket 35' secured to the median section 2. In FIG. 6, the retaining member 35 is received in the left-hand seat 350 of the bracket 35'.

The retaining

assembly

35, 35a, 35b, 35' may be re placed by an extension 42 of the wall 37 which serves as a guide for the rocking roller 34- when the upper section 1 moves to its retracted position to thereby prevent clockwise angular displacement of the bell crank lever 34). A similar extension (not shown) may be provided for the wall 37a to hold the lever 30 in the position of FIG. 9.

FIG. 7 shows the upper section 1 in fully extended position. The retaining member 35 bears against a ridge between the

seats

35c, 35d to thereby maintain both stop faces 40, 40a out of engagement with the respective first and second detent means 38, 38a. Thus, in the position of FIG. 7, the upper section 1 is free to return to its retracted position and the median section 2 is free to move toward its extended position. During a movement of the upper section 1 from the position of FIG. 6 into the position of FIG. 7, the rocking roller 34 travels along the inclined cam wall 36 and rocks the lever 30 in clockwise direction by forcibly removing the retaining member 35 from the seat 35c. Such clockwise rocking of the lever 30 causes the stop face 40a to move away from the second detent means 38asimultaneously with the entry of the rocking follower roller 34a into the channel defined by the

cam walls

36a, 37a. Thus, the locking engagement of the median section 2 with the lower section 3 is terminated, and the median section is now free to move to the position of FIG. 9. During a displacement of the median section 2 with respect to the lower section 3 (see the distance a indicated in FIG. 9), the rocking follower roller 34a travels along the in clined cam wall 37a and turns the lever 30 in clockwise direction to thereby move the stop face 40 into abutment with the first detent means 38. The retaining member 35 is now received in the seat 35d and yieldably holds the lever 30 in its new position. The median section 2 is free to continue its travel to an extended position because the roller 34a has reached the innermost end of the cam wall 37a and is separated from the first cam 214. During such forward movement of the median section the latter is locked to the upper section 1 because the stop face 40 of the first locking arm 31 remains in abutment with the first detent means 38.

FIG. 10 shows that the stop face 40 of the first locking arm 31 is formed with a sharp edge 43 which is immediately adjacent to the meeting edge between the wall 37 and the first detent means or extension 38 when the lever 30 assumes the position of FIG. 7. Consequently, even a very small clockwise angular displacement of the lever 30 will bring about a locking engagement between the stop face 411 and the first detent means 38 or, inversely, a very small anticlockwise angular displacement of the lever 30 will result in 1a disengagement of the median section 2 from the upper section 1. It will be understood that the stop f-ace 40a on the second locking lever 32 is provided with a similar sharp edge which is immediately adjacent to the meeting edge between the wall 37a and the second detent means or extension 38a when the lever 30 assumes the intermediate position of FIG. 7. Such construction of locking

arms

31, 32 insures that the lever 30 will react immediately, i.e. with much greater accuracy than if the locking action were brought about by an engagement of rocking

rollers

34, 34a with the detent means 38, 38a, respectively. In the position of FIG. 7, the

rollers

34, 34a are slightly spaced from the

walls

37, 38 and 37a, 38a, respectively.

Of course, if the ladder L" comprises additional median or intermediate sections, it will be provided with two or more levers 30. In such instances, i.e. if the lower section 3 is movable with respect to a fourth section therebelow, a second bell cnank lever will be mounted on the section 3 preferably at the opposite side from the lever 30, i.e. the second lever will be secured to the rear side wall of the section 3 and will cooperate with cams on the section 2 and on a fourth section beneath the section 3. This is also applicable to the embodiment of FIGS. 3-5 where a second four-armed lever will be secured to the forward end of the section 3 if the latter is movable with respect to a fourth section therebelow. In the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2, the section 3 carries two levers corresponding to the levers 13, 17 which engage with cams on the sections 2 and 4, respectively.

If desired the cams 14-18, 1'14118 and 214-218 may be replaced by suitable hydraulic or electric operating means adapted to rock the locking arms from and into engagement with the respective detent means.

It is equally possible to duplicate the arrangement shown in FIGS. 2, 3 or 6 even if the supporting structure comprises only three sections. In such instances, the second lever or levers will add further to the safety of the supporting structure because the lever or levers located at one side of the median section may control the movements of the

sections

1 and 2 if the lever or levers at the other side of the median section would become damaged, deformed or otherwise prevented from operating in the above described manner.

Without further analysis, the foregoing will so fully reveal the gist of the present invention that others can, by applying current knowledge, readily adapt it for various applications without omitting features that, from the standpoint of prior art, fairly constitute essential characteristics of the generic and specific aspects of this invention and, therefore, such adaptations should and are intended to be comprehended within the meaning and range of equivalence of the following claims.

What is claimed as new and desired to be secured by Letters Patent is:

1. In an extensible supporting ladder, in combination, a first, a superimposed second and a superimposed third ladder section, each section having a forward end and a rear end and said third section located between said first and second sections, each of said sections having two spaced side walls and transversely extending rungs therebetween; means for slidably guiding said first and third sections between an extended position in which the rear ends of said first and third sections are respectively adjacent to the forward ends of said third and second sections, and a retracted position in which the forward ends of said first and third sections are respectively adjacent to the forward ends of said third and second sections; and means for controlling the sequence of movements of said first and third sections with respect to said third and second sections, respectively, said controlling means comprising first and second locking means rockably mounted at the forward end of said third section, first and second detent means respectively mounted at the rear end of said first section and at the forward end of said second section, said first detent means engaging with said first locking means when the first section is moved to its extended position and said third section is at least slightly displaced from its retracted position, and said second detent means engaging with said second locking means when the third section is moved to its retracted position, and first and second cam means respectively mounted at the forward end of said second section and at the rear end of said first section, said first cam means rocking the first locking means from engagement with said first detent means when said third section is moved to its retracted position, and said second cam mean-s rocking the second locking means from engagement with said second detent means when the first section is moved to its extended position.

2. In an extensible supporting ladder, in combination, a first, a superimposed second and a superimposed third ladder section, each section having a forward end and a rear end and said third section located between said first and second sections, each of said sections having two spaced side walls and transversely extending rungs therebetween; means for slidably guiding said first and third sections between an extended position in which the rear ends of said first and third sections are respectively adjacent to the forward ends of said third and second sections, and a retracted position in which the forward ends of said first and third sections are respectively adjacent to the forward ends of said third and second sections; and means for controlling the sequence of movements of said first and third sections with respect to said third and second sections, respectively, said controlling means comprising a lever having a first and a second locking arm and rockably mounted at the forward end of said third section, first and second detent means respectively mounted at the rear end of said first section and at the forward end of said second section, said first detent means engaging with said first arm when the first section is moved to its extended position and said third section is at least slightly displaced from its retracted position to lock the firs-t section to said third section, and said second detent means engaging with said second arm when the third section is moved to its retracted position to lock the third section to said second section, and first and second cam means respectively mounted at the forward end of said second section and at the rear end of said first section, said first cam means rocking the first arm from engagement with said first detent means when said third section is moved to its retracted position to release said first section from said third section, and said second cam means rocking the second lever from engagement with said second detent means when the first section is moved to its extended position to release said third section from said second section.

3. In an extensible supporting ladder, in combination, a first, a superimposed second and a superimposed third ladder section, each section having a forward end and a rear end and said third section located between said first and second sections, each of said sections having two spaced side walls and transversely extending rungs therebetween; means for slidably guiding said first and third sections between an extended position in which the rear ends of said first and third sections are respectively adjacent to the forward ends of said third and second sections, and a retracted position in which the forward ends of said first and third sections are respectively adjacent to the forward ends of said third and second sections; and means for controlling the sequence of movements of said first and third sections with respect to said third and second sections, respectively, said controlling means comprising a four armed lever having a first and a second locking arm and a first and a second rocking arm, said lever rockably mounted at the forward end of said third section, first and second detent means respectively mounted at the rear end of said first section and at the forward end of said second section, said first detent means engaging with said first locking arm when the first section is moved to its extending position and said third section is at least slightly displaced from its retracted position to lock the first section to said third section, and said second detent means engaging with said second locking arm when the third section is moved to its retracted position to lock the third sec-tion to said second section, and first and second cam mean-s respectively mounted at the forward end of said second section and at the rear end of said first section, said first cam means engaging with said first rocking arm to rock the first locking arm from engagement with said first detent means when the third section is moved to its retracted position to thereby release said first section from said third section, and said second cam means engaging with said second rocking arm to rock the second locking arm from engagement with said second detent means when the first section is moved to its extended position to thereby release said third section from said second section.

4. In an extensible supportnig ladder, in combination, a first, a superimposed second and a superimposed third ladder section, each section having a forward end and a rear end and said third section located between said first and second section; means for slidably guiding said first and third sections between an extended position in which the rear ends of said first and third sections are respectively adjacent to the forward ends of said third and second sections, and a retracted position in which the forward ends of said first and third sections are respectively adjacent to the forward ends of said third and second sections; and means for controlling the sequence of movements of said first and third sections with respect to said third and second sections, respectively, said controlling means comprising a first and a second two armed lever each rockably mounted at the forward end of said third section and each having a locking arm and a rocking arm, first and second detent means respectively mounted at the rear end of said first section and at the forward end of said second section, said first detent means engaging with the locking arm of said first lever to lock said first section to said third section when the first section is moved to its extended position and said third section is at least slightly displaced from its retracted position, and said second detent means engaging with the locking arm of said second lever to lock said third section to said second section when the third section is moved to its retracted position, and first and second cam means respectively mounted at the forward end of said second section and at the rear end of said first section, said first cam means engaging with the rocking arm of said first lever to rock the locking arm of the first lever from engagement with said first detent means when said third sec-tion is moved to its retracted position whereby the first section is released from said third section, and said second cam means engaging with the rocking arm of said second lever to rock the locking arm of said second lever from engagement with said second detent means when said first section is moved to its extended position whereby the third section is released from said second section.

5. In an extensible supporting ladder, in combination, a first, a superimposed second and a superimposed third ladder section, each section having a forward end and a rear end and said third section located between said first and second sections, each of said sections having two spaced side walls and transversely extending rungs therebetween; means for slidably guiding said first and third sections between an extended position in which the rear ends of said first and third sections are respectively adjacent to the forward ends of said third and second sections, and a retracted position in which the forward ends of said first and third sections are respectively adjacent to the forward ends of said third and second sections; and means for controlling the sequence of movements of said first and third sections with respect to said third and second sections, respectively, said controlling means comprising a first and a second two armed lever each rockably mounted at the forward end of said third section and each having a locking arm and a rocking arm,

first and second detent means respectively mounted at the rear end of said first section and at the forward of said second section, said first detent means engaging with the locking arm of said first lever to lock said first section to said third section when the first section is moved to its extended position and said third section is at least slightly displaced from its retracted position, and said second detent means engaging with the locking arm of said second lever to lock said third section to said second section when the third section is moved to its retracted position, first and second resilient means mounted on said third section for respectively biasing said first and second locking arms into engagement with said first and second detent means, and first and second cam means respectively mounted at the forward end of said second section and at the rear end of said first section, said first cam means engaging with the rocking arm of said first lever to rock the locking arm of the first lever from engagement with said first detent means against the bias of said first resilient means when said third section is moved to its retracted position whereby the first section is released from said third section, and said second cam means engaging with the rocking arm of said second lever to rock the locking arm of said second lever from engagement with said second detent means against the bias of said second resilient means when said first section is moved to its extended position whereby the third section is released from said second section.

6. In an extensible supporting ladder, in combination, a first, a superimposed second and a superimposed third ladder section, each section having a forward end and a rear end and said third section located between said first and second sections, each of said sections having two spaced side walls and transversely extending rungs therebetween; means for slidably guiding said first and third sections between an extended position in which the rear ends of said first and third sections are respectively adjacent to the forward ends of said third and second sections, and a retracted position in which the forward ends of said first and third sections are respectively adjacent to the forward ends of said third and second sections; and means for controlling the sequence of movements of said first and third sections with respect to said third and second sections, respectively, said controlling means comprising a bell crank lever having a first and a second locking arm and rockably mounted at the forward end of said third section, first and second detent means respectively mounted at the rear end of said first section and at the forward end of said second section, said first detent means engaging with said first locking arm when the first section is moved to its extended position and said third section is at least slightly displaced from its retracted position, and said second detent means engaging with said second locking arm when the third section is moved to its retracted position, and first and second cam means respectively mounted at the forward end of said second section and at the rear end of said first section, said first cam means engaging with said second locking arm for rocking the first locking arm from engagement with said first detent means when said third section is moved to its retracted position, and said second cam means engaging with said first locking arm for rocking the second locking arm from engagement with said second detent means when said first section is moved to its extended position.

7. In an extensible supporting ladder, in combination, a first, a superimposed second and a superimposed third ladder section, each section having a forward end and a rear end and said third section located between said first and second sections, each of said sections having two spaced side Walls and transversely extending rungs therebetween; means for slidably guiding said first and third sections between an extended position in which the rear ends of said first and third sections are respectively adjacent to the forward ends of said third and second sections, and a retracted position in which the forward ends of said first and third sections are respectively adjacent to the forward ends of said third and second sections; and means for controlling the sequence of movements of said first and third sections with respect to said third and second sections, respectively, said controlling means comprising a bell crank lever having a first and a second locking arm and rockably mounted at the forward end of said third section, first and second detent means respectively mounted at the rear end of said first section and at the forward end of said second section, said first detent means engaging with said first locking arm when the first section is moved to its extended position and said third section is at least slightly displaced from its retracted position, and said second detent means engaging with said second locking arm when the third section is moved to its retracted position, and first and second cam means respectively mounted at the forward end of said second section and at the rear end of said first section, said first cam means integral with said second detent means and engag ing with said second locking arm for rocking the first locking arm from engagement with said first detent means when said third section is moved to its retracted position, and said second cam means integral with said first detent means and engaging with said first locking arm for rocking the second locking arm from engagement with said second detent means when said first section is moved to its extended position.

8. In an extensible supporting ladder, in combination, a first, a superimposed second and a superimposed third ladder section, each section having a forward end and a rear end and said third section located between said first and second sections, each ofsaid sections having two spaced side walls and transversely extending rungs therebetween; means for slidably guiding said first and third sections between an extended position in which the rear ends of said first and third sections are respectively adjacent to the forward ends of said third and second sections, and a retracted position in which the forward ends of said first and third sections are respectively adjacent to the forward ends of said third and second sections; and means for controlling the sequence of movements of said first and third sections with respect to said third and second sections, respectively, said controlling means "comprising a bell crank lever having a first and a second locking arm and rockably mounted at the forward end of said third section, first and second follower means connected with said first and second locking arm, respectively, first and second detent means respectively mounted at the rear end of said first section and at the forward end of said second section, said first detent means engaging with said first locking arm when the first section is moved to its extended position and said third section is at least slightly displaced from its retracted position, and said second detent means engaging with said second locking arm when the third section is moved to its retracted position, and first and second cam means respectively mount ed at the forward end of said second section and at the rear end of said first section, said first cam means engaging with said second follower means for rocking the first locking arm from engagement with said first detent means when said third section is moved to its retracted position, and said second cam means engaging with said firstfollower means for rocking the second locking arm from engagement with said second detent means when said first section is moved to its extended position. p

9. In an extensible supporting ladder, in combination, a first, a superimposed second and a super imposed third ladder section, each section having a forward end and a rear end and said third section located between said first and second sections, each of said sections having two spaced side walls and transversely extending rungs therebetween; means for slidably guiding said first and third sections between an extended position in which the rear ends of said first and third sections are respectively adjacent to the forward ends of said third and second sections, and a retracted position in which the forward ends of said first and third sections are respectively adjacent to the forward ends of said third and second sections; and means for controlling the sequence of movements of said first and third sections with respect to said third and second sections, respectively, said controlling means comprising a bell crank lever having a first and a second locking arm and rockably mounted at the forward end of said third section, first and second detent means respectively mounted at the rear end of said first section and at the forward end of said second section, said first detent means engaging with said first locking arm when the first section is moved to its extended position and said third section is at least slightly displaced from its retracted position, and said second detent means engaging with said second locking arm when the third section is moved to its retracted position, first and second cam means respectively mounted at the forward end of said second section and at the rear end of said first section, said first cam means engaging with said second locking arm for rocking the first locking arm from engagement with said first detent means when said third section is moved to its retracted position, and said second cam means engaging with said first locking arm for rocking the second locking arm from engagement (with said second detent means when said first section is moved to its extended position, and retaining means mounted on said third section and on said lever, said retaining means comprising resilient means for biasing said first locking arm into engagement with said first detent means when said first section is moved to its extended position and for biasing said second locking arm into engagement with said second detent means when said third section is moved to its retracted position.

10. In an extensible supporting ladder, in combination, a first, a superimposed second and a superimposed third ladder section, each section having a forwardend and a rear end and said third section located between said first and second sectionsfeach of said sections having two spaced side walls and transversely extending rungstherebetween; means for slidably guiding said first and third sections between an extended position in which the rear ends of said first and third sections are respectively adjacent to the forward ends of said third and second sections, and a retracted position in which the forward ends of said first and third sections are respectively adjacent to the forward ends of said third and second sections; and means for controlling the sequence of movements ofsaid first and third sections with respect to said third and second sections, respectively, said controlling means comprising a lever having a first and a second locking arm and rockably mounted at the forward end of said third section, each said arm having a locking face formed with a sharp edge, a first and a second follower connected with said first and second arm, respectively, a first and a second cam respectively connected to the forward end of said second section and to the rear end of said first section, each said cam comprising an inclined wall for engaging with said first and second follower, respectively, and detent means for the respective locking arm, said detent means constituting extensions of said inclined walls, the detent means of said first cam engageable with the second locking arm whenthe third section is moved to its retracted position and the detent means of said second cam engageable with said first locking arm when'the first section is moved to its extended position and said third section is at least slightly displaced from its retracted position, the inclined wall of said first cam engaging with said second follower for rocking said first arm from engagement with the detent means of said second cam when the third section is moved to its retracted position, and the inclined wall of said second cam engaging with said first follower for rocking said second arm from engagement with the detent means of said first cam when'the first section is moved to its extended position, said lever assuming an intermediate position when the first section is moved to its extended position and the third section is moved to its retracted position in Which intermediate position the edges of said end faces are immediately adjacent to the, detent means of the respective cams whereby a slight displacement of said first section from its extended position will. move the second arm into engagement with the detent means of said first cam, and a slight displacement of the third section from its retracted position will move the first arm into engagement with the detent means of said second cam. w

11. In an extensible supporting ladder, in combination, a first ladder section having a forward end and a rear end; a superimposed second ladder section having a forward end; a superimposed median ladder section having a for ward end and a rear end, said median section located between said first and second sections, each of said sections having two spaced side walls and transversely extending rungs therebetween; means for slidably guiding said first section longitudinally of said median section aosaaas between an extended position in which the rear end of said first section is adjacent to the forward end of said median section and a retracted position in which the forward end of said first section is adjacent to the forward end of said median section, and for slidably guiding said median section longitudinally of said second section between an extended position in which the rear end of said median section is adjacent to the forward end of said second section and a retracted position in which the forward end of said median section is adjacent to the forward end of said second section; and means for controlling the sequence of movements of said first section with respect to said median section and of said median section with respect to said second section, said controlling means comprising first and second locking means rockably mounted on and adjacent to the forward end of said median section, first detent means mounted on and adjacent to the rear end of said first section for engaging with said first locking means when the first section is moved to its extended position and said third section is at least slightly displaced from its retracted position, second detent means mounted on and adjacent to the forward end of said second section for engaging with said second locking means when the median section is moved to its retracted position, first cam means mounted on and adjacent to the forward end of said second section for rocking the first locking means from engagement with said first detent means when said median section is moved to its retracted position, and second cam means mounted on and adjacent to the rear end of said first section for rocking said second locking means from engagement with said second detent means when the first section is moved to its extended position whereby the median section is movable with respect to said second section when the first section is moved to its extended position and the first section is movable to its retracted position when the median section is moved to its retracted position.

12. In an extensible supporting ladder, in combination, a first, a superimposed second and a superimposed third ladder section, each section having a forward end and a rear end and said third section located between said first and second sections, each of said sections having two spaced side walls and transversely extending rungs therebetween; means for slidably guiding said first and third sections between an extended position in which the rear ends of said first and third sections are respectively adja cent to the forward ends of said third and second sections, and a retracted position in which the forward ends of said first and third sections are respectively adjacent to the forward ends of said third and second sections; and means for controlling the sequence of movements of said first and third sections with respect to said third and second sections, respectively, said controlling means comprising a lever having a first and a second locking arm and rockably mounted at the forward end of said third section, first and second detent means respectively mounted at the rear end of said first section and at the forward end of said second section, said first detent means engaging with said first arm when the first section is moved to its extended position and said third section is at least slightly displaced from its retracted position to lock the first section to said third section, and said second detent means engaging with said second arm when the third section is moved to its retracted position to lock the third section to said second section, first and second cam means respectively mounted at the fonward end of said second section and at the rear end of said first section, said first cam means rocking the first arm from engagement with said first detent means when said third section is moved to its retracted position to release said first section from said third section, and said second cam means rocking the second lever from engagement with said second detent means when the first section is moved to its extended position to release said third section from said second section, and retaining means mounted on said third section and on said lever, said retaining means comprising resilient means for biasing said first locking arm into engagement with said first detent means when said first section is moved to its extended position and for biasing said second locking arm into engagement with said second detent means when the third section is moved to its retracted position.

13. In an extensible supporting ladder, in combination, a first, a superimposed second and a superimposed third ladder section, each section having a forward end and a rear end and said third section located between said first and second sections, each of said sections having two spaced side walls and transversely extending rungs there between; means for slidably guiding said first and third sections between an extended position in which the rear ends of said first and third sections are respectively adjacent to the forward ends of said third and second sections, and a retracted position in which the forward ends of said first and third sections are respectively adjacent to the forward ends of said third and second sections; means for respectively moving said first and third sections with respect to said third and second sections, said moving means comprising pulley means mounted at the forward ends of said second and third sections and at the rear end of said third section, and cable means having an end anchored at the rear end of said first section and extending about the pulley means located at the forward and rear ends of said third section and at the forward end of said second section in that order; and means for controlling the sequence of movements of said first and third sections with respect to said third and second sections, respectively, said controlling means comprising first and second locking means rockably mounted at the forward end of said third section, first and second detent means respectively mounted at the rear end of said first section and at the forward end of said second section, said first detent means engaging with said first locking means when the first section is moved to its extended position and said third section is at least slightly displaced from its retracted position, and said second detent means engaging with said second locking means when the third section is moved to its retracted position, and first and second cam means respectively mounted at the forward end of said second section and at the rear end of said first section, said first cam means rocking the first locking means from engagement with said first detent means when said third section is moved to its retracted position, and said second cam means rocking the second locking means from engagement with said second detent means when the first section is moved to its extended position.

14. In an extensible supporting ladder, in combination, a first, a superimposed second and a superimposed third ladder section, each section having a forward end and a rear end and said third section located between said first and second sections, each of said sections having two spaced side walls and transversely extending rungs there between; means for slidably guiding said first and third sections between an extended position in which the rear ends of said first and third sections are respectively adjacent to the forward ends of said third and second sections, and a retracted position in which the forward ends of said first and third sections are respectively adjacent to the forward ends of said third and second sections; and means for controlling the sequence of movements of said first and third sections with respect to said third and second sections, respectively, said controlling means comprising first and second locking means mounted at the forward end of said third section, first and second detent means respectively mounted at the rear end of said first section and at the forward end of said second section, said first detent means engaging with said first locking means when the first section is moved to its extended position and said third section is at least slightly displaced from its retracted position, and said second detent means engaging with said second locking means when the third section is moved to its retracted position, and first and second operating means for disengaging said first locking means from said first detent means when said third section is moved to its retracted position and for disengaging said second locking means from said second detent means when said first section is moved to its extended position.

15. In an extensible supporting ladder, in combination, a first, a superimposed second and a superimposed third ladder section, each section having a forward end and a rear end and said third section located between said first and second sections, each of said sections having two spaced side walls and transversely extending rungs therebetween; means for slidably guiding said first and third sections between an extended position in which the rear ends of said first and third sections are respectively adjacent to the forward ends of said third and second sections, and a retracted position in which the forward ends of said first and third sections are respectively adjacent to the forward ends of said third and second sections; means for controlling the sequence of movements of said first and third sections with respect to said third and second sections, respectively, said controlling means comprising first and second locking means rockably mounted at the forward end of said third section, first and second detent means respectively mounted at the rear end of said first section and at the forward end of said second section, said first detent means engaging with said first locking means when the first section is moved to its extended position and said third section is at least slightly displaced from its retracted position, and said second detent means engaging with said second locking means when the third section is moved to its retracted position, and first and second cam means respectively mounted at the forward end of said second section and at the rear end of said first section, said first cam means rocking the first locking means from engagement with said first detent means .when said third section is moved to its retracted position, and said second cam means rocking the second locking means from engagement with said second detent means when the first section is moved to its extended position; first and second stop means respectively provided at the rear ends of said first and third sections; and first and second counterstop means respectively provided at the forward ends of said third and second sections, said first and second stop means respectively abutting against said first and second counterstop means when said first and third sections are moved to their respective fully extended positions.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS

Claims

1. IN AN EXTENSIBLE SUPPORTEING LADDER, IN COMBINATION, A FIRST, A SUPERIMPOSED SECOND AND A SUPERIMPOSED THIRD LADDER SECTION, EACH SECTION HAVING A FORWARD END AND A REAR END AND SAID THIRD SECTION LOCATED BETWEEN SAID FIRST AND SECOND SECTIONS, EACH OF SAID SECTIONS HAVING TWO SPACED SIDE WALLS AND TRANSVERSELY EXTENDING RUNGS THEREBETWEEN; MEANS FOR SLIDABLY GUIDING SAID FIRST AND THIRD SECTIONS BETWEEN AN EXTENDED POSITION IN WHICH THE REAR ENDS OF SAID FIRST AND THIRD SECTIONS ARE RESPECTIVELY ADJACENT TO THE FORWARD ENDS OF SAID THIRD AND SECOND SECTIONS, AND A RETRACTED POSITION IN WHICH THE FORWARD ENDS OF SAID FIRST AND THIRD SECTIONS ARE RESPECTIVELY ADJACENT TO THE FORWARD ENDS OF SAID THIRD AND SECOND SECTIONS; AND MEANS FOR CONTROLLING THE SEQUENCE OF MOVEMENTS OF SAID FIRST AND THIRD SECTIONS WITH RESPECT TO SAID THIRD AND SECOND SECTIONS, RESPECTIVELY, SAID CONTROLLING MEANS COMPRISING FIRST AND SECOND LOCKING MEANS ROCKABLY MOUNTED AT THE FORWARD END OF SAID THIRD SECTION, FIRST AND SECOND DETENT MEANS RESPECTIVELY MOUNTED AT THE REAR END OF SAID FIRST SECTION AND AT THE FORWARD END OF SAID SECOND SECTION, SAID FIRST DETENT MEANS ENGAGING WITH SAID FIRST LOCKING MEANS WHEN THE FIRST SECTION IS MOVED TO ITS EXTENDED POSITION AND SAID THIRD SECTION IS AT LEAST SLIGHTLY DISPLACED FROM ITS RETRACTED POSITION, AND SAID SECOND DETENT MEANS ENGAGING WITH SAID SECOND LOCKING MEANS WHEN THE THIRD SECTION IS MOVED TO ITS RETRACTED POSITION, AND FIRST AND SECOND CAM MEANS RESPECTIVELY MOUNTED AT THE FORWARD END OF SAID SECOND SECTION AND AT THE REAR END OF SAID FIRST SECTION, SAID FIRST CAM MEANS ROCKING THE FIRST LOCKING MEANS FROM ENGAGEMENT WITH SAID FIRST DETENT MEANS WHEN SAID THIRD SECTION IS MOVED TO ITS RETRACTED POSITION, AND SAID SECOND CAM MEANS ROCKING THE SECOND LOCKING MEANS FROM ENGAGEMENT WITH SAID SECOND DETENT MEANS WHEN THE FIRST SECTION IS MOVED TO ITS EXTENDED POSITION.