US308556A - emery - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet- 1.

W. H. EMERY.

' CIGARETTE MAGHINE.

No. 308,556. Patented Nov. 25, 1884.

il 1 N (No Model.) 4 SheeESQSh-eet- 2.

W. H. EMERY.

GIGAEETTE MACHINE.

No. 308,556. Patented Nov. 25, 1884.

(No Model.) 4 sheets-sheet. s.

W. H. EMERY.

.CIGARETTE MACHINE.

No. 808,556. Patented Nov. 25, 1884.

4 `She'ets--Sheef- 4.

(No Model.)

W. EMBRY.

CIGARETTE MACHINE.

NQ. 308,556. Patented Nov. 25, 1884.

17a/@nime WZZzzm/JZEWW ly STATES NVILLIAM H. EMERY, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO CHARLES l G. EMERY, OFSAME PLACE.

CIGARETTE-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 308,556, dated November25, 1884.

Application tiled March 11"., 1884. (No model.) Patented in England July 18, 1884, No.10,303, and in Belgium July 18, 1884, No. 65,805.

To @ZZ whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM H. EMERY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Cigarette-Machines, (for which I have obtained Letters Patent in Great Britain, No. 10,303, dated July 18, 1884, and in Belgium, No. 65,805, dated July 18, 1884,) of which the following is a full, clear, and exact specification.

This invention relates to certain improvements upon the subject-matter of Letters Patent of the United States dated the 3d day of June, 1879, No. 216,164, and the 31st day of August, 1880, No. 281,779, for improvements in ci garette-machines in which loose to bacco is formed into a continuous filler and a continuous inclosingwrapper applied around said filler, forming a' continuous cigarette, which is fed forward and cut into suitable lengths, the entire series of operations being performed by automatic mechanism.

The patents above :recited cover, so far as I know, the rst inventions in which a cylindrical cigarette-body of proper dimensions and of indefinite length has been manufactured by automatic mechanism preparatory to its being cut into proper lengths to form theindividual cigarettes ready for the market.

Heretofore, as fully set forth in the Letters Patent l named above, machine-made cigarettes have been produced by throwing the tobacco by a picker upon an endless traveling belt, by which it is carried to afiller-chamber, wherein the belt is partially curved or wrapped around thetobacco. From this pointit passes to a filler-forming chamber, wherein the traveling belt is carried completely around the superincumbent mass of tobacco and the proper circular form given to the cigarette-ller.

The succeeding steps in the process of manufacture are fully set forth in the Letters Patent named, and as they form no part of andare not directlyconnected with my present invention, it is not necessary to describe them here.

Itis the purpose of my present invention to provide positive automatic mechanism for tamping, compressing, and packing the tobacco upon theller-forming belt at the point Where the latter enters the packing-chamber.

Heretofore the constant presence and manipulation of au attendant has been necessary both to spread the tobacco Where it lies in unequal quantities and to tamp and pack it with the fingers, in order to prevent the increased curvature of the belt and the lateral compression of the tobacco from pushing the filler, or some part thereof, beyond the approaching edges of the traveling tape.

To this end, therefore, my invention consists in the combination, with the traveling tape or ller-forming belt, of a tamping and compressing bar having vertical adjustment and acting intermittently upon the tobacco,to tamp, compress, and pack the same within the upwardly-curving belt at the point Where it passes through the packing-chamber and previous to its entering the filler-forming tube.

It is also the purpose of my present invention to provide means for using, in the formation of the filler, a filler-carrying belt of any suitable length, which is taken from a pay-off roll, and, after performing its function,received upon a take-up roll, in contradistinction to an endless belt or tape such as has been used heretofore.

To this end, therefore, my invention also consists in the combination, With the illerforming devices, of' a single or divided belt, a pay-off roll from which it is taken, and a take-up roll by which it is received,the latter being speeded to keep the belt constantly taut, and both pay-off and take-up rolls being vinterchangeable upon their bearings, to permit the tape being Wound from one upon the other, and vice versa.

My invention finally consists in the several combinations and constructions of parts, which are fully hereinafter set forth, and definitely pointed out in the claims.

Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation ofthe filler-forming mechanism,illus trating it up to the point Where the filler leaves the belt and enters the ller-tube. Fig. 2 is a plan view of a section of the table, with its attachments, illustrating my packing. devices. Fig. 3 is a detail perspective of the tamping, packing, and compressing bar detached. Fig. 4 is an end elevation, taken from the rear, of the tamping, packing, and compressing mechauism. Fig. 5 is a detail perspective of the bearing-post, with adjusting devices. Fig. 6 is a side elevation of the tamping, packing, and compressing mechanism,with its attachments. Fig. 7 is a similar view showing the packing-bar in a different position. Fig. 8 is an end elevation of the take-up and pay-oft` mechanism. Fig. 9 isa detail of the take-up 1'011.

Ain said drawings represents the table upon which the operative parts of the mechanism have support. This table, which is of some length, is mounted upon metallic frame-sup ports B, by which I obtain great strength and stability with lightness of structure. Itis also a considerable advantage to form these parts of metal instead of wood, as I thereby avoid all shrinkage and warping, and the parts can be cast or rolled out, thereby alt'ording dupli Cates of any detachable or separate portion. At the end of the table is placed the pickerchaniber, (shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1,) but which requires no description, as it forms no part of my present invention, and is fully shown and set Vforth in prior patents.

C represents the filler-carrying belt or tape, which passes through the bottom of the pickerchamber, where it receives the tobacco which is to form the continuous iiller. lt passes thence to the packingchamber D, where the sides or edges of the belt are gradually rolled or curved upward, to give the proper cylindri cal shape to the filler. This belt is taken from a pay-off roll, E, which is mounted upon a journal or shalt carried by a frame, F, placed near the end of the table, and after accomplishing its function it is returned beneath the table, passing under and engaging with the driving-pulley A and a tension-roll, a; to a take-up roll, E', journaled upon the frame F, beneath the pay-oli roll E. This take-up roll is driven by a belt, c, geared with a large pulley, E, upon the axis ol the pay-ott roll, and with a smaller pulley, E, upon the axis ofthe take-up roll E. By this means the latter roll is speeded to such a degree that it eX- erts a constant tension upon the belt C, all excess of speed being compensated by the slip of the belt e upon one or both of its pulleys.

It will be seen by reference to Fig. 8 that the pay-off and take-up rolls are duplicates as to the large and small pulley with which each one is provided, the purpose of this construction being as follows: Then the filler-carry ing belt has been wholly taken from the payott roll E and wound upon the take-up roll Ff, by removing the journal-pins e', which retain them upon their shafts, the two rolls may be shifted in position, the take-up roll becoming the pay-ott roll, and being mounted upon the upper journal, while the pay-'off roll,

from which the belt has been exhausted, is slipped upon the lower journal and becomes the takesup roll. This avoids the necessity of rerolling the belt after cach feed, economizing much time and trouble, and avoiding unnecessary wear upon the filler carrying belt. For convenience in connecting the latter to the take-up roll, a notch or groove is made in the spool-body, as shown in Fig. 9, to receive the end of the belt, after which a single revolution winds it over the secured end and holds it fast.

Upon the table, arranged transversely to the filler-carrying belt and a little in front of the entrance to the packingechamber D, I mount a shaft, G, in bearings g, and upon the eX- tremity of this shaft is rigidly mounted or keyed a sprocket-wheel, H. Sleeved upon the same shaft, between the sprocket-wheel and the bearing g, is one end of a carrier-bar, I, arranged parallel with the filler-,carrying belt, and having support at its other end in a slott'ed post, K, where it rests upon a suitable spring, k, having suticient tension to raise the bar, and permitting its vertical adjustment by a set-screw, k', which is tapped through a yoke, k2, pivoted to the top ofthe post. l

Upon the carrier-bar, near its adjustable extremity, and inthe same vertical plane as the sprocket-wheel IVI, is mounted a second sprocket-wheel, l-I, and the two are connected by a chain-gearing, H2, whereby motion imparted to the sprocket-wheel H by the shaft G will be accurately reproduced in the second sprocket-wheel, I-I.

I have shown in thc drawings a tensionroll, h, carried by a bar, h', pivoted upon the carrier-bar I, for the purpose of giving such tension to the chain-gearing as will insure an accurate correspondence ot rotation between the two sprocketwheels. This is not, however, essential, as they may be properly geared with such a degree of tension as to dispense with any such device.

Upon the face of each sproeketwvheel, and eccentric to its axis, is placed a stud, i, tapped to receive a bearing-pin, i', and upon said studs is mounted a tamping, packing, and compressingbar, L. This bar is provided upon its upper tace with bosses Z, which have a fcmale thread to receive screw-eyes l', the latter being adapted to slip over the studs upon the sprocket-wheel, and be held thereon by the bearing-pins fl', thus affording a convenient l means ot' adjusting the packingbar vertically both as to the distance at which it shall act and to secure a substantial parallelism with the belt. This vertical adjustment of thebar enables me to adapt its action to the volume of the tobacco lying upon the ller-carrying belt. Thisvolume may vary, according to the size of cigarette to be made, and by means of the sereweyes Z a very accurate and delicate adjustment is possible toward and from the belt. By reference to Figs. 2 and 3 it will be seen that this bar is of somewhat IOO IIO

greater length than the packingchamber, and that its smaller and projecting end extends into the throat of said chamber, and substantially iills the narrowing` portion thereof. The shaft G is driven by a belt from acentral longitudinal shaft, S, which runs beneath the table from end to end thereof, and it rotates the sprocketwheels in the same direction in which the filler-carrying belt is moving. In this manner it will be seen that the tamping, packing, and compressing bar L will, as it descends toward the belt, also move with it, the sprocketwheels, being geared to impart the proper speed to secure this result. Moreover, as the filler-carrying belt moves beneath the said bar the latter will act repeatedly upon the same portion of the filler before the movement of the belt has carried it beyond the action of the bar. By this repeated tamping and packing the filler is compressed to t-he exact volume and form required to prepare it for the subsequent operat-ions of the mechanism, and all the protruding shreds or filaments of tobacco are, under the action ofthe bar, drawn under the bar and tamped down into the filler.

. The operation of this tampi'ng, packing, and

compressing har is as follows: As already described, the filler-carrying belt as it enters the packing-chamber is gradually curved upward until the tobacco resting thereon is rolled into cylindrical form. This upward rolling of the edges of the belt has a tendency to push the tobacco upward at the sides and above the edges of the belt. Heretofore hand manipulation has been required to tamp and compress the filler to avoid this tendency; but this labor is extremely fatiguing, and its employment adds materially to the oost of production. The tamping and compressing bar L, therefore, is intended as a substitute therefor. It will be seen now that as the belt is being rolled and the filler gradually shaped the bar L will descend upon the tobacco and accomplish the same function heretofore effected by manual labor. It has the great advantage, however, of compressing the filler to the same degree at each operation, and it operates, also, over a more extensive surface than could be covered by the hand of an attendant. As the bar reaches the lowest point in its stroke its motion is coincident with the movement of the filler-carrying belt, and there is therefore no derangement of the tobacco, and no danger of the feed of the belt being interrupted. By its use, also, the filler is packed and compressed into a perfectly-uniform shape, and the finished cigarettes are more perfect in shape and uniform in size, as well as being of far greater equality infthe volume of tobacco in each than any/Kand-made cigarettes, or cigarettes made upon machines where the filler is tamped and/packed by the fingers of an attendant.

To provide for the speedy and easy removal of the tamping, packing,- and compressing bar, should it become necessary to gain access to the packingehamber, or to arrest the operation ofthe device, the yoke k2, pivoted to the post K, is thrown off the end ofthe carrier-bar I, and the latter may; then be turned up into the position shown in Fig. l, the bar turning upon the shaft G, on which its end is sleeved. In this position it may rest upon the piekerchamber or any other suitable support, and it is entirely out of the way ofthe attendant for all purposes.

I have shown in the drawings, and propose to use when desirable, a duplication ot the operative parts described, one series being arranged upon eaeh side of the table.

By reference to Fig. 2 it will be seen that both ofthe tamping, packing,and compressing bars are operated by the same shaft G, and by the construction described above either one or both may be used or not. Therfiller-carrying belts also are duplicated, and the journal-supporting frame F is provided with four bearings, two upon each side. These parts require no description, being exact duplicates of those already set forth.

It should be distinct-ly understood that Ido not confine myself to a tamping, packing, and compressing bar having movement with the belt, as I may, within the limits of my invention, use any reciprocating device suitable for the purpose, whether the movementbe simply vert-ical or circular.

Although I have shown a single or divided belt in connection with the automatic ta1nping and compressing device, it is nevertheless evident that l may use the ordinary endless belt therewith without any material change in my invention.

In the construction of the tamping, packing, and compressing bar L, I prefer to use a highly-polished metal to which the oils of the tobacco or any viscous substance therein found will not readily adhere. For this same purpose, also, I may plate the bar with nickel or other metal, or may provide it with a coating or covering` of celluloid. zylonite, pyroxyline, or any similar material 5 or I may construct the bar wholly from such material. It should be noted that it is necessary to give a polished surface upon the ta'mping face and the sides of the bar only, as these are the portions brought in contact with the tobacco.

It should be noted as one of the important results fiowing from this invention that, inasmuch as the action of the automatic tamping, packing, and compressing mechanism is precisely uniform at each and every point, and for that reason forms a filler which is of greatly superior condition as regards its uniformity of size, volume, and shape throughout, the nccessity for a careful and critical inspection of each individual cigarette when finished is in a great measure removed. This is the last and niostimportant step in the process of manufacture, and the importance of effecting substantial economy in the labor and skill heretofore required therein is very great.

IOO

IIO

Vhat I claim isl. In a cigarette-machine, the combination, with a traveling ller-carrying belt and apacking-chamber, of a tamping, packing, and compressing bar, and mechanism, substantially as described, for giving` said bar intermittent action upon the tobacco, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. In a cigarette-machine, the combination, with a filler carrying belt and a packing-Chmn` ber, of a tamping, packing, and compressing bar, and mechanism, substantially as described, for giving said bar motion toward and with the belt at intervals, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. In a cigarette-machine, the combination, with the filler-carrying belt and the packingchamber, of a tamping, packing, and comr pressing bar, and pulleys geared to rotate in unison, and eccentric pins by which said bar is carried, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

4. In a cigarette-machine, the combination of a table, filler-forming devices thereon, a filler-carrying belt traveling over the table, and a pay-oft' roll and takehp roll, substantially as described.

5. In a cigarette-machine, the combination, with a filler-carrying belt which is fed from end to end, of a payoff roll from which it is taken, atake-up roll upon whichitis received, and gearing connecting said rolls together, whereby the take-up is speeded in excess of the motion of the pay-olf roll, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

6. In a cigarette-machine, the combination, with a filler-carrying belt, of a pay-offand a takenp roll, and mechanism, substantially as described, connecting the two rolls, and driving the takeup roll at a speed in excess of the feed of the belt, substantial-ly as and for the purpose set forth.

7. In a cigarette-machine, the combination, with a filler-carrying belt, of a pay-off roll and a take-up roll,which are interchangeable, and means, substantially as described, whereby the take-up roll, when full, may be made the payoff roll, and vice versa, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

8. In a cigarette-machine, the combination, with a transverse shaft, of a sprocket-wheel or other gear mounted thereupon, a carrierbar having an end sleeved upon said shaft and the other supported by suitable devices, a sprocket-wheel or other gear mounted upon said bar,and geared to revolve with that upon the shaft, and a tamping, packing, and compressing bar carried by eccentrically-arranged pins upon said wheels, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

9. In a ci garettemachine, the combination, with the sprocketwheels and their eccentrics, of the tamping, packing, and compressing bar connected thereto by eyes fitting upon said pins, and having threaded Shanks tapped into said bar, whereby the latter may have vertical adjustment, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

10. In a cigarette-machine, the combination, with the carrier-bar sleeved upon ashai't at one end, of the slotted post containing a springI upon which the other end rests, and the pivoted yoke upon said post,provided with a set-screw bearing upon the upper edge of the bar, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

l1. In a cigarette-machine, the combination, with the filler-carrying belt, of the takeup and pay-off rolls, each having a large pulley upon one side of the spool, and a small pulley upon the other side, whereby the takeup is driven by the pay-off and the two` rolls rendered interchangeable, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

VILLIAM H. EMERY.

Vitnesses:

J Mtns L. NoRnIs, J. A. Burl-maroni).

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