US3078958A - Internal combustion engine arrangement - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 26, 1963 H. HOENICK 3,078,958

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE ARRANGEMENT Filed May 10, 1960 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR Hans HOB/wk Feb. 26, 1963 i H. HOENICK 3,078,958

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE ARRANGEMENT Filed May 10, 1960 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 //v VENTOR Hans #o'E/v/cK M/ aw United States Patent 3,073fi58 INTERNAL CUME'USTIUN ENGHNE ARRANGEMENT Hans Hoenick, Stnttgart-Zufienhausen, Germany, assignor to Firma Dr. Eng. h.c. F. Porsche KG, tuttgart- Znfienhausen, Germany Filed May 10, less, fier. N 28,027 Claims priority, application Germany May 30, 1959 6 Claims. (U. l84-6) The present invention relates to an internal combustion engine, especially for the drive of tractors which is provided with a lubricating pump and with a throwertype or splash-type oil separator.

It is known in the prior art to derive the drive of the oil separator from the cam shaft of the internal combustion engine. For that purpose, a shaft extending transversely through the engine is provided which, at one end thereof, carries the splasher or thrower centrifuging drum, and the opposite end of which is in operative engagement with the cam shaft. This type of drive, in addition to the spatially unfavorable arrangement, entails the disadvantage that no further auxiliary aggregates or machines can be driven from the shaft so that further auxiliary shafts have to be provided which additionally increases the cost of the construction of the engine.

It is also known in the prior art to derive the drive for the lubricating pump from an auxiliary shaft arranged essentially perpendicularly to the cam shaft. In these prior art arrangements the pump is generally accommodated within the crankcase and is, therefore, exchangeable only with great difficulties.

The same is also true of the prior art constructions in Which the lubricating pump and the oil separator are combined into a structural unit and are arranged within the crankcase.

Furthermore, constructions are known in the prior art in which the lubricating pump is arranged within the crankcase and a splash or thrower-type oil separator driven thereby is arranged outside the crankcase. While in these prior art arrangements, the oil separator is readily accessible, this is not the case for the lubricating pump so that not only the assembly and installation of both aggregates or units is time-consuming and complicated but also the drive thereof may be accommodated only with great difiiculties within the limited space of the engine housing.

According to the present invention, these disadvantages are effectively eliminated by the common drive of the lubricating pump and splash-type or thrower-type oil separator by means of a drive shaft which extends essentially perpendicularly to the cam shaft and essentially parallel to the axis of the working cylinder of the internal combustion engine and which is driven by the latter. By reason of this arrangement of the drive shaft with respect to the cam shaft, which is arranged laterally opposite the working cylinders by reason of the required speed reduction, the lubricating oil pump and the oil separator may be secured at, a favorable place of the engine which permits not only a free accessibility to both of these aggregates but also enables spatially the drive of further auxiliary aggregates or apparatus whereby the engine housing may be constructed in an extremely simple and plain manner. The drive shaft is drivingly connected over the supply gears of the lubricating gear pump with an auxiliary shaft for purposes of driving the individual auxiliary aggregate which auxiliary shaft extends essentially parallelly to the driving shaft and extends through the lubricating gear pump. The auxiliary shaft is operatively connected at one end thereof with the oil separator and the opposite end of this shaft carries a clutch-half for the selective drive of additional auxiliary aggregates 3&73358' Patented Feb. 26, 1963 or apparatus, for example, of a hydraulic pump. It is, of course, understood that instead of a hydraulic pump, other aggregates or machines may be driven from this auxiliary shaft, for example, the distributor in case of an Otto-type engine or the like. The auxiliary shaft is preferably constructed in a hollow manner and serves as riser conduit for the cleansed lubricating oil of the engine. By the use of such an arrangement, complicated lubricating medium conduits within the engine casing or housing are avoided.

The drive shaft extends essentially up to the separating gap or joint between the crankcase and the oil pan so that the lubricating pump together with the oil separator may be flangedly secured to the crankcase from below. A simple, space-saving construction results therefrom which enables a simple machining of the crankcase. The individual aggregates may also be readily dis-assembled for repairs in case of damage or for purposes of cleaning the same, yet are arranged in a protected manner in the assembled position thereof notwithstanding such excellent accessibility. By reason of the fact that the thrower-type oil separator retained by the auxiliary shaft is arranged within a recess limited or defined by the separating joint and the walls of the oil pan, the oil separator does not project in a disturbing manner beyond the normal contour of the internal combustion engine. With a multicylinder internal combustion engine, a favorable utilization of the space results from the fact that the drive shaft for the auxiliary aggregates is operatively connected with the cam shaft between two adjacent working cylinders.

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a drive arrangement for a lubricating pump and oil separator of an internal combustion engine which obviates, in an effective manner, the deficiencies and inadequacies of the prior art arrangements.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a drive arrangement for a lubricating pump and oil separator in internal combustion engines which is extremely simple, requires relatively little space, and is relatively inexpensive in manufacture and assembly.

A further object of the present invention is the provision of a drive arrangement for the lubricating devices of an internal combustion engine which simultaneously enables the drive of additional auxiliary aggregates without complicated and costly drive connections.

Still a further object of the present invention resides in the provision of a drive arrangement and accommodation for the lubricating pump and oil separator in internal combustion engines which makes possible a simple installation and assembly of the parts as well as a simple and time-saving disassembly in case of need for service of the various parts thereof.

A still further object of the present invention resides in the arrangement and accommodation of the lubricating pump, of the oil separator and of the drive arrangement therefor in internal combustion engines which is extremely simple so as to require a minimum of simple machining operations, particularly in the engine housing, and assures the accommodation thereof within the normal contours of the engine block.

A further object of the present invention resides in the provision of a lubricating system for an internal combustion engine in which the oil separator effectively cleaning the oil and the pump for the lubricating system as Well as the drive arrangement therefor are effectively com bined into a compact unit requiring little space and forming in part the conduits for the lubricating system.

These and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more obvious from the following description when taken in connection with the accompanying drawing which shows, for purposes of illustration only, one embodiment in accordance with the present invention and wherein:

FIGURE 1 is a cross-sectional view through a portion of the crankcase of a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine provided with adrive for the auxiliary aggregates thereof in accordance with the present invention, and

FIGURE 2 is a side view of a portion of the crankcase, partly in cross section and with parts broken away, to show the surrounding engine parts of the drive arrangement in accordance with the present invention.

Referring now to the drawing, wherein like reference numerals are used throughout the two views to designate corresponding parts, and more particularly to FIGURE 1, reference numeral 1 designates therein the crankshaft which is indicated therein only in cross section. The cam shaft 3 is driven, in a manner known per se, from the crankshaft 1 over a suitable gear 2 (FIGURE 2) whereby thecam shaft 3 is suitably supported in the crankcase 4' or in a suitable supporting wall thereof.

A bcvel gear 7 is secured to the cam shaft 3 between the inlet and outlet cams 5, 6 and 5, 6', respectively, of adjacent working cylinders 4'. The bevel gear 7 is in meshing engagement with a pinion 8 mounted on a drive shaft 9. The drive shaft 9 is arranged'essentially perpendicularly to the cam shaft 3 and essentially parallelly to the axis XX (FIGURE 1) of the working cylinders 4. The drive shaft 9 extends with the free end 10 thereof (FIGURE 1) to the separating joint 11 between the crankcase 4 and the oil pan 12 flangedly secured thereto. The end. 10 of the drive shaft 9 is operatively connected by means of a spline connection 13 with a driving gear 14 which in turn meshes with a gear 15. The gears 14 and 15 effectively constitute the supply gears of a lubricating pump generally designated by reference numeral 16 and are accommodated within a housing 17. The housing 17 is inserted into a recess 13 provided in the crankcase 4 and is covered or closed off by means of a cover'19. A protective hood 21 forming part of the thrower-type oil separator, generally designated by reference numeral 22, is secured to the cover 19 by means of a clamping-type connection 20 which may be of any suitable construction, as known in the prior art. The oil separator 22 essentially consists of a pot-shaped drum member 23 which is covered oil? by means of a disk member provided with blades 24 entrained thereby. The disk member 25 is centered in a hub portion 26 of the cover 19. The drive of the thrower-type oil separator 22 takes place by means of an auxiliary shaft 27 operatively connected through the lubricating pump gears 14 and 15 with the drive shaft 9, which auxiliary shaft 27 extends through the lubricating pump 16 and is arranged essentially parallelly to the drive'shaft 9. The lower end 28 of the auxiliary shaft 27 is operatively connected with the pot-shaped member 23 by means of a hub portion 29 formed integrally with the blades 24. The opposite end 30 of the auxiliary shaft 27 carries a clutch member 31 for the selective drive of an auxiliary aggregate such as a hydraulic pump 32. The hydraulic pump 32 is operatively connected in a readily disengageable manner with the auxiliary shaft 27 by means of the claw clutch 33. The thrower-type oil separator 22 is arranged within a recess 34 which is defined by the separating joint 11 and the walls 35 and 35' of the oil pan 12 partly surrounding the oil separator 22.

Operation The operation of the lubricating system in accordance with the present invention is as follows:

During operation of the internal combustion engine, the cam shaft gear 2 is rotated by the crankshaft 1, and therewith the bevel gears 7 and 8, together with the drive shaft 9, are also set into rotation. The drive shaft 9 drives the supply gears 14 and 15 of the lubricating pump and simultaneously therewith rotates the oil separator 22 and the hydraulic pump 32 through the auxiliary shaft 27. Lubrieating oil is thereby drawn in by the pump 16 from the oil sump formed by the oil pan 12 through a conduit or line indicated in FIGURE 1 of the drawing by reference numeral 36 and thereby reaches the pump space through an aperture 37. The lubricating oil is thereupon supplied from the pump space into an annular space 38 within the cover 19 into which annular space the oil is forced by reason of the pump pressure produced by the gear pump and thereupon reaches, through the annular gap 39 in the disk member 25, the thrower or centrifuging space 40 of the oil separator 22. The relatively heavier particles of the oil are thereby thrown outwardly by the centrifugal forces within the oil separator 22, as is known in the prior art, whereas the relatively lighter oil which is the relatively pure oil reaches the core of the drum member 23. Apcrtures 41 are provided in the hub portion 29 distributed about the periphery thereof for conducting the thus cleaned oil whereby the apertures 41 discharge into the auxiliary shaft 27 constructed as hollow shaft. The hollow shaft 27 thereby forms a riser conduit 42 for the oil leading to the clutch member 31 which is provided with several cross bores 43. The oil flows through cross bores 43 into the line 44 accommodated within the crankcase and thereby eventually reaches the individual bearing places of the engine.

For purposes of cleaning the centrifugal oil separator 22, the clamping device 20 is disengaged and the protective hood 21 removed. After removal of the nut 45, the drum member 23 may be removed from the auxiliary shaft 27 and may be cleaned as maintenance of the engine may require. I

While I have shown and described one embodiment in accordance with the present invention, it is understood that the same is not limited threeto but is susceptible of many changes and modifications within the spirit and scope of the present invention, and I, therefore, do not wish to be limited to the details shown and described herein but intend to cover all such changes and modifications as are encompassed by the scope of the appended claims. i

I claim:

1. In an internal combustion engine, especiallyfor drive ing a tractor, provided with working cylinder means, crankshaft means driven by the engine, and cam shaft means driven by said crankshaft means, a lubricating system, comprising lubricating pump means and oil separator means in said lubricating system, and common drive means for said lubricating pump means and said oil separator means including a drive shaft operatively connected with said cam shaft means and extending essentially perpendicular with respect thereto and essentially parallelly to the axis of said working cylinder means for driving said lubricating pump means, an auxiliary shaft ex, tending essentially parallelly to said drive shaft, said auxiliary shaft being provided with means adjacent one end adapted to selectively drive a hydraulic pump, said auxiliary shaft being connected at the other end thereof with said oil separator means, said auxiliary shaft being hollow and constituting a riser for the cleansed lubricating oil of the engine, and means including at least a part of said pump means operatively connecting said auxiliary shaft with said drive shaft.

2. In an internal combustion engine, especially for driving a tractor, provided with working cylinder means, crankshaft means driven by the engine, and cam shaft means driven by said crankshaft means, a lubricating system, comprising lubricating pump means and oil separator means in said lubricating system, and common driven means for said lubricating pump means and said oil separator means including a drive shaft operatively connected with said cam shaft means and extending essentially perpendicular with respect thereto and essentially parallelly to the axis of said working cylinder means for driving said lubricating pump means, and auxiliary shaft extending essentially parellelly to said drive shaft, said auxiliary shaft being provided with means adjacent one end adapted to selectively drive an auxiliary apparatus, and means including at least a part of said pump means operatively connecting said auxiliary shaft with said drive shaft, said auxiliary shaft being a hollow shaft provided with means to enable the lubricating oil cleansed by said separator means to rise therein.

3. In an internal combustion engine, especially for driving a tractor, provided with working cylinder means, a crank case, crankshaft means driven by the engine, and cam shaft means driven by said crankshaft means, a lubricating system, comprising lubricating pump means and oil separator means in said lubricating system, and common drive means for said lubricating pump means and said oil separator means including a drive shaft operatively connected with said cam shaft means and extend ing essentially perpendicular with respect thereto and essentially parallelly to the axis of said working cylinder means for driving said lubricating pump means, an auxiliary shaft extending essentially parallelly to said drive shaft, means including at least a part of said lubricating pump means operatively connecting said auxiliary shaft with said drive shaft, said lubricating pump means being a gear pump with the gears thereof received in an opening provided in the crankcase, said auxiliary shaft having one end extending through one of the gears of said lubricating pump means and operatively connected for common rotation therewith, said oil separator means including means for centrifuging the lubricating oil sup plied from an oil pan secured to said one end of said auxiliary shaft, and a protective, detachable cover adapted to be placed over said centrifuging means positioned exteriorly of said oil pan.

4. In an internal combustion engine, especially for driving a tractor, provided with working cylinder means, crankshaft means driven by the engine, and cam shaft means driven by said crankshaft means, a lubricating system, comprising lubricating pump means and oil separator means in said lubricating system, and common drive means for said lubricating pump means and said oil separator means including a drive shaft operatively connected with said cam shaft means and extending essentially perpendicular with respect thereto and essentially parallelly to the axis of said working cylinder means for driving said lubricating pump means, an auxiliary shaft extending essentially parallelly to said drive shaft, said auxiliary shaft being provided with means adjacent one end adapted to selectively drive an auxiliary apparatus, means, including at least a part of said pump means operatively connecting said auxiliary shaft with said drive shaft, said lubricating pump means being a gear pump having two gears, said drive shaft being operatively connected with one of said gears, said auxiliary shaft extending through the other gear and operatively connected for rotation in unison therewith, said separator means including a rotatable drum member carrying thereon blade means, means detachably connecting said drum member to one end of said auxiliary shaft, and a protective hood placed over said drum member exteriorly of a housing defining an oil sump and detachable clamping means for detachably securing the hood over said drum member.

5. In an internal combustion engine, the combination according to claim 4, further comprising clutch means connected to the other end of said auxiliary shaft for selectively driving said auxiliary apparatus.

6. In an internal combustion engine, the combination according to claim 5, wherein said auxiliary shaft is a hollow shaft serving as riser conduit for the cleansed lubricating oil.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,631,208 Jerome June 7, 1927 2,741,333 Dega et a1 Apr. 10, 1956 FOREIGN PATENTS 251,761 Great Britain May 13, 1926 515,495 Germany Jan. 6, 1931

Claims (1)

1. IN AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE ESPECIALLY FOR DRIVING A TRACTOR, PROVIDED WITH WORKING CYLINDER MEANS, CRANKSHAFT MEANS DRIVEN BY THE ENGINE, AND CAM SHAFT MEANS DRIVEN BY SAID CRANKSHAFT MEANS, A LUBRICATING SYSTEM, COMPRISING LUBRICATING PUMP MEANS AND OIL SEPARATOR MEANS IN SAID LUBRICATING SYSTEM, AND COMMON DRIVE MEANS FOR SAID LUBRICATING PUMP MEANS AND SAID OIL SEPARATOR MEANS INCLUDING A DRIVE SHAFT OPERATIVELY CONNECTED WITH SAID CAM SHAFT MEANS AND EXTENDING ESSENTIALLY PERPENDICULAR WITH RESPECT THERETO AND ESENTIALLY PARALLELLY TO THE AXIS OF SAID WORKING CYLINDER MEANS FOR DRIVING SAID LUBRICATING PUMP MEANS, AN AUXILIARY SHAFT EXTENDING ESSENTIALLY PARALLELY TO SAID DRIVE SHAFT, SAID AUXILIARY SHAFT BEING PROVIDED WITH MEANS ADJACENT ONE END ADAPTED TO SELECTIVELY DRIVE A HYDRAULIC PUMP, SAID AUXILIARY SHAFT BEING CONNECTED AT THE OTHER END THEREOF WITH SAID OIL SEPARATOR MEANS, SAID AUXILIARY SHAFT BEING HOLLOW AND CONSTITUTING A RISER FOR THE CLEANSED LUBRICATING OIL OF THE ENGINE, AND MEANS INCLUDING AT LEAST A PART OF SAID PUMP MEANS OPERATIVELY CONNECTING SAID AUXILIARY SHAFT WITH SAID DRIVE SHAFT.

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