US307844A - Reversing mechanism for machinery - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 2 SheetsShee1-, 1.

G. B. OOTTRELL.

REVERSING MECHANISM FOR MACHINERY. No. 307,844.

Patented Nov. 11, 1884.

Nwww Vii/messes No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

G. B OOTTRELL.

'REVERSIN "\MBCIEIANISM FOR MACHINERY. No. 307,844 1f a, nted Nov. 11. 1884.

UNrrnD TATES CALVERT B. COTTRELL, OF STONINGTON, CONNECTICUT.

REVERS ING'MECHANISM FOR MACHINERY.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 307,844, dated November 11, 1884.

Application filed September 20, 1S84.

T0 aZZ whom it may concern:

No model.)

Similar letters of reference designate corre- Be it known that I, CALVERT B. Co'r'rRELL, spending parts in all the figures.

of Stonington, in the county of New London and State of Connecticut, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Reversing Mechanism for Machinery,-of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to means whereby the driving-shaft of a machine may have its rotation in the normal direction stopped, when desired, and receive a motion in the reverse direction; and the object of the invention is to provide a simple and positively-operating mechanism which will always be active when the driving-belt of the machine is shifted from the fast to the loose pulley, and which may, at the will of the operator, be made to turn the driving-shaft in a reverse direction.

My invention consists, essentially, in the combination, with the driving-shaft of a machine, of fast and loose pulleys thereon, a gear-wheel having ayielding connection with said shaft, whereby a limited rotary movement of said wheel is permitted independently of the said shaft, and a train of gearwheels operated from the said loose pulley when the driving-belt is shifted thereon and 4 capable of movement to engage with and drive the wheel having a yielding engagement with the driving-shaft, and thereby to drive said shaft in a reverse direction.

The invention also consists in the combination, with the foregoing, of a spring interposed between the driving shaft and the gearwheel thereon, whereby said wheel, when set in operation by the train of wheels by which it is engaged and driven, will exert power gradually to start and turn the driving-shaft.

The invention also consists in other novel combinations of parts, hereinafter described, and pointed out in the claims. In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents an elevation of mechanism embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a side view thereof. Fig. 3 is a transverse vertical section upon the dotted line .t' at of Fig. 1 and upon alarger scale,

showing the mechanism whereby the motion of the driving-shaft is reversed as inactive.

Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. 3, showing the reversing mechanism as active, and Fig. 5 is an elevation, partly in section, looking from the left hand of Fig. 3.

train of wheels.

A designates the driving-shaft of a machine, and B designates portions of the framing thereof, which may be of any particular character adapted to the machine in which the invention is embodied.

Upon the shaft A are fast and loose pulleys C C, on which a single driving-belt is to be used in a well-known manner. When the belt is upon the fast pulley C, the drivingshaft A will be turned in the direction of the arrows shown in full lines in Figs. 2, 3, and 4, which is its normal direction of rotation.

Below the shaft A is another and shorter shaft, D, which is supported in suitable bearings, and which is geared with the loose pulley C by a pinion, E, fast on the hub of said pulley, gearing into a wheel, E, fast on the shaft D. The shaft D has also fast upon it a small wheel or pinion, F, and fulcrumed on the shaft on opposite sides of said wheel or pinion F is a swinging frame, G, in which is pivoted or journalcd asecond wheel or pinion, F, which is in constant engagement with the wheel or pinion F, and receives motion therefrom whenever the latter is driven.

Upon thedriving-shaft A is a spur gearwheel, H, which is not secured fast to the shaft, but has a yielding connection therewith, as I shall soon describe; and it -will be understood that the wheels and pinions E E F F constitute a train of gear-wheels which are always active when the driving-belt is shifted onto the loose pulley C. It will be further understood that the wheel or pinion F is j ournaled in the free or movable end of theswinging frame G, and that when the frame is swung wheel H the latter will be rotated by the said Any suitable mechanism may be employed for shifting or swinging the frame G to accomplish the desired result. I have here shown a pair of toggle-levers, I I, connected with the free end of the frame G at a, and having the fixed fulcrum at b. The middle joint, 0, of the toggle is connected by a rod or link, J, with an arm, K, on a rock-shaft, K, which is supported in suitable bearings, cl, attached to the frame B of the machine.

To the end of the rock-shaft K is attached a lover or arm, K and'by means of a push-rod, K, rising from the outer end of this arm, the shaft K may be turned and, acting through the arm K and rod or link J, willstraighten or partly straighten the toggle I I and move the wheel F into gear with the wheel H. Preferably the toggle I I will not require to be straightened to bring the wheel F into gear with the wheel H, but the movement of the toggle into the position shown in Fig. at will be suliicient, and the wheel F will then have a tendency to fall away from the wheel H; but in order that the weight of the arm and pushrod K K shall not act to prevent this I may apply a spring in any suitable manner to insure the deflection of the toggles when pressure is removed from the push-rod K.

In Fig. l I have shown a spring, 0, coiled around the rock-shalt K, and having one end attached to a bearing, (1, and the other end fixed in a collar, 0, which is fastened upon the shaft. In turning the rockshaft K to raise the swinging frame G the spring 6 is contracted, or has its tension increased, and as soon as pressure is removed from the rod K the spring exerts its force to counteract the weight of the rod and arm K K and to lower the frame G and move the wheel F out of gear with the wheel H.

In lieu of the spring 0 a weight might be employed and would be the full equivalent of the spring.

Now, it is obvious that if the wheel H were fast on the shaft A there would be nothing to give or yield as the wheel F is brought into gear with it, and that the wheel F would necessarily impart its full speed to the wheel H and the shaft A. The wheels would therefore clash together, and their teeth would probably be broken. enable the wheel H to yield and gradually start the shaft A, I establish a yielding connection between the wheel H and the shaft A, and preferably I interpose a spring between them.

As here shown, the wheel H has a hub, f, which turns loose on the shaft A, and attached to an arm,f, of the wheel is a bent spring, L, the free end of which is shown as formed with a hook, The wheel is also formed with an inward projection or lug, h, which acts as a guard to limit the expansion of the spring, the spring resting upon the projection or guard 71., as shown in Fig. 3.

At the side of the loose wheel H is a disk, A, keyed or otherwise secured fast to the shaft, and this disk carries a pin, 2', which pro jeets into the wheel II and into the path of the hook g on the spring L. So long as the shaft A is operated directly by the belt on the fast pulley C, it moves in the direction indicated by the arrows, which are in full lines. When, however, it is desired to reverse the direction of movement and drive the shaft A in the opposite direction, the wheel F is brought into engagement with the wheel H, and the latter To prevent this, and to is' turned in the direction indicated by the dotted arrows. By such movement of the wheel H the hook g of the spring L is brought against the pin 2' on the disk A, and by the continued rotation of the wheel the spring is compressed or contracted until the arm f comes against the hooked end of the spring, as shown in Fig. 4-, and thereafter the wheel H transmitsits motion to the shaft. The disk A and the pin t in reality constitute an arm fast on the shaft A, and the arm f on the wheel constitutes a fixed abutment on the wheel, through which ittransmits motion to the shaft. The spring L is interposed between the abutment and the arm on the shaft, and is therefore between the wheel and the shaft. The wheel H being adapted to yield on its shaft A, the wheel F can come into gear with it without clashing, and by the spring L the resistance is gradually overcome. As soon as the wheel F is moved away from the wheel H the resilience of thespring throws thewheel H back somewhat, and when the shaft A is driven independently of the wheel the pin 1' comes against the hooked end 9 of the spring, but does not contract the spring, inasmuch as there is no resistance opposed to theturning of the wheel H. It will be observed that the train of wheels is always active when the belt is on the loose pulley O, and the operator has only to raise the frame G to render the train operative to turn the shaft A.

By establishing a yielding connection be tween the wheel H and shaft A, and also by employing the spring, I am enabled to employ positively-operating spur-wheels F H, which are very much more certain than would be friction-wheels in a like situation.

My improved mechanism may be employed in machines of various kinds, and is particularly desirable for reversing the rotary motion of the driving-shaft in printing- )resses, to provide for backing up the press-cylinder.

I am aware of Letters Patent No. 178,209, granted May 30, 1876, to Claus Van Haagen, for improvement in mechanisms for reversing the motion of the beds of metal-planing machines, and I do not claim anything there shown or described as of my invention.

Vhat I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-- ICO.

1. The combination, with the driving-shaft of a machine, of fast and loose pulleys thereon, a gear-wheel having a yielding connection with said shaft whereby a limited rotary motion of the wheel is permitted independently of the shaft, and a train of gear-wheels operated from said loose pulley and capable of be ing moved into and out of engagement with the gear-wheel, which has a yielding connec tion with said shaft, whereby the direction of rotation of the shaft may be reversed, substantially as herein described.

2. The combination, with the driving-shaft of a machine, of fast and loose pulleys thereon, and a gear-wheel mounted upon and havinga yielding connection with said shaft, a train of gear-wheels operated from the loose pulley and connections, whereby said train may be moved to gear into the said yieldingwheel, and a spring for moving said train of wheels out of engagement with said yielding wheel, substantially as and for the purpose herein described.

3. The combination, with the driving-shaft of a machine, of fast and loose pulleys thereon, a gear-wheel mounted upon and having a yielding connection with said shaft, a spring interposed between said wheel and shaft, a train of gear-wheels operated from said loose pulley, and connections whereby said train of wheels may be brought into engagement with the yielding wheel, substantially as herein described.

4. The combination, with the shaft A and the fast and loose pulleys O O thereon, of a gear-wheel mounted upon and having a yielding connection with said shaft, a pinion, E, on the hub of the loose pulley, and a train of gear-wheels operated by the pinion E, and

connections whereby said train may be moved into engagement with said yielding gear wheel, substantially as and for the purpose herein described.

5. The combination, with the driving-shaft of a machine, of a gear-wheel loose on said shaft, an arm fast on said shaft, and a spring through which said wheel operates on said arm, fast and loose pulleys on said shaft, a train of gear-wheels operated from said loose pulley, and connections through which said train of wheels may be engaged with said loose gear-wheel, substantially as and for the purpose herein described.

6. The combination, with the driving-shaftof a machine and a fixed arm thereon, of a gear-wheel loose on the shaft and provided with an abutment fixed relatively to the wheel, a spring interposed between said abutment and arm, fast and loose pulleys on said shaft, a train of gear-wheels operated from said loose pulley, and connections whereby said train of wheels may be moved into engagement with said loose gear-wheel, substantially as and for the purpose herein described.

7. The combination, with the shaft A, pr0- vided with fast and loose pulleys,of a disk, A, fast upon the shaft, and provided withapin, i, a gear-wheel, H, loose upon the shaft, and pro vided with the hooked spring L, a train of gear-Wheels operated from said loose pulley, and connections whereby said train of wheels may be moved into engagement with the loose wheel H, substantially as herein described.

8. The combination, with the shaft A, provided with fast and loose pulleys, of a disk, A, fast on the shaft, and provided with a pin, 6, a gear-wheel, H, loose on the shaft, and provided with the abutment f 'and hooked spring L, a train of gear-wheels operated from the loose pulley, and connections whereby said train of wheels may be moved into engagement with said wheel H, substantially as and for the purpose herein described.

0. B. OOTTRELL.

WVitnesses:

G. HALL, FREDK. HAYNES.

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