US3066179A - Electric current producing cell - Google Patents

Electric current producing cell Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3066179A
US3066179A US106231A US10623161A US3066179A US 3066179 A US3066179 A US 3066179A US 106231 A US106231 A US 106231A US 10623161 A US10623161 A US 10623161A US 3066179 A US3066179 A US 3066179A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
cathode
cell
anode
container
contact
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US106231A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Ruben Samuel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to NL276185D priority Critical patent/NL276185A/xx
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to US106231A priority patent/US3066179A/en
Priority to GB6012/62A priority patent/GB999632A/en
Priority to FR890157A priority patent/FR1316941A/fr
Priority to BE616653A priority patent/BE616653A/fr
Priority to DE19621421582 priority patent/DE1421582B2/de
Priority to SE4784/62A priority patent/SE304049B/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3066179A publication Critical patent/US3066179A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M6/04—Cells with aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M6/06—Dry cells, i.e. cells wherein the electrolyte is rendered non-fluid
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
    • H01M4/66—Selection of materials
    • H01M4/661—Metal or alloys, e.g. alloy coatings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
    • H01M4/66—Selection of materials
    • H01M4/669—Steels

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an alkaline primary cell, more specifically to such a cell using a depolarizing oxide mixed with carbon or graphite in contact with a steel container as the cathode thereof.
  • MnOZ-Ni plate contact resistance due to oxidation even when silver plate is used.
  • Some of the synthetic MnO2 ores have a slight sulfide contact potential with silver sulides and this causes an increase in contact resistance over a period of time.
  • gold is inert and, when a gold plate is used not only is a low contact resistance maintained, but the flash current may actually increase.
  • depolarizing oxides such as MnOz do not reduce to a metal.
  • the cell reaction yields Mn2O3 which has an even higher potential drop at the cathode can interface than does MnO2. Therefore, as can readily be seen, as the cell is used, the potential drop increases and the ash current decreases.
  • an alkaline primary cell having an amalgamated Zinc anode, a cathode composed of a mixture of 91% MnO2 and 9% micronized graphite, and a steel or nickel plated steel container.
  • a spacer-barrier is placed between the anode and the cathode both to prevent direct contact between the anode and cathode as Well as to absorb and retain substantial quantities of electrolyte.
  • the electrolyte is in the form of a potassium zincated water solution of KOH; and there is a thin plate of a low resist- 3,066,179 4Patented Nov'. 27, 1962 "ice ance and gold on the container and in contact with the cathode.
  • the cathode depolarizer is made by mixing 91% of synthetic MnO2 with 9% of micronized graphite and pressing said mixture into cylindrical pellets which are then forced into the steel cathode container having a gold plate on its inner surface.
  • the spacer-barrier is composed of spirally wound cellulose with an outer wrapping of parchment. This spacerbarrier is placed inside the cylindrical depolarizer pellets. Cylindrical pellets of amalgamated zinc containing about 13% mercury are placed inside of the central opening in the spacer-barrier. These pellets are formed by pressing the powdered zinc. The pellets rest on a neoprene block or pressure pad which prevents contact with the bottom of the cathode container.
  • the electrolyte is added by injection into the opening in the center of the anode cylinders and passes into the spacer-barrier which absorbs it. This causes the spacer to swell, filling the space between the anode and the cathode, and thus insuring good electrolytic contact between those elements.
  • the inner and outer caps are applied with an insulating grommet and the outer can is crimped against the grommet. This seals the cell and presses the anode pellet against the compressible neoprene pad which insures maintenance of good contact with the caps.
  • FIG. 1 is an elevation partly in section, showing a cell according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a chart comparing the flash currents of cells having gold and silver inner can platings, over a period of six months.
  • the cell 1 is composed of an outer can 2, a cathode co-ntainer 3, a cathode in the form of cylnidrical pellets 4, and an anode of cylindrical amalgamated zinc pellets 6.
  • a spacer-barrier 5 is between the anode and cathode and absorbent sleeve 7 is placed between outer can 2 and cathode container 3.
  • Plastic grommet 8 insulates can 2 and container 3 from contact with inner cap 9 and outer cap 10. The double cap arrangement prevents leakage and creepage of electrolyte outside the cell.
  • pressure pad 12 which insulates the pellets from contact with the container 3 and also, ⁇ due to its resiliency, urges the pellets 6 upward against inner cap 9. This achieves excellent contact btween the anode and the terminal caps.
  • On outer cap 10 is anode contact 11 for aiding in obtaining good external contact.
  • Gold plate 13 is deposited on container 3 by electroplating or galvanic contact plating so that good contact is made between cathode 4 and container 3. This reduces the contact resistance and increases the flash current by as much as 25%.
  • FIG. 2 there is presented the results of tiash current tests made on cells of the contsruction shown in FIG. l, using a depolarizer consisting preponderately of MnO2, an amalgamated zinc anode and an alkaline zincated electrolyte.
  • the cells were identical except that the steel depolarizer containers were silver plated in one case and gold plated in the other.
  • One hundred cells of each type were stored and read at room temperature. The readings in each group were averaged and plotted on FIG. 2.
  • the teachings of the present invention are applicable to 3 similar .cells .in .which the Vdepolarizer is .preponderately HgO with generally similar results.
  • a primary cell comprising a steel container, a lining of gold on at least the inner surface of said container, a cathode depolarizer consisting preponderately of a material taken Vfrom ⁇ the .class consisting Vof MnOZ kand HgO /closelyiitting in said container and in ⁇ contact with said lining, an electrolyte, an anode and an electrolyte absorb- "ent Vspacer between Vsaid cathode and anode.v
  • a primary cell comprising an vamalgamated zinc anode, a cathode ⁇ composed of Va mixture of graphite and arcompound taken from the class Vconsisting of MnO2 .and HgO, a steel ycontainer housing said cathode, a spacer between said anode vand said cathode, an electrolyte consisting ofpotassium zincated KOH and water, and a vthin plate of gold on said container and in contact with said cathode.
  • An electric current producing cell comprising a steel container, a gold plate on the inside surface thereof, a cathode composed of a mixture oftgraphite and a compound taken from the class consisting of Mn02 and HgO ,in intimate contact With said plated surface, an anode and an electrolyte.
  • An electric current producing cell comprising a metal member, a gold plate on the surface of said member, an oxygen yielding depolarizer consisting preponderately of a material taken -from the class consisting of M1102 and Hg() in intimate contact with said plated surface, an anode and an electrolyte.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
  • Primary Cells (AREA)
  • Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)
  • Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
US106231A 1961-04-28 1961-04-28 Electric current producing cell Expired - Lifetime US3066179A (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL276185D NL276185A (xx) 1961-04-28
US106231A US3066179A (en) 1961-04-28 1961-04-28 Electric current producing cell
GB6012/62A GB999632A (en) 1961-04-28 1962-02-16 Primary cell
FR890157A FR1316941A (fr) 1961-04-28 1962-03-06 Cellule primaire
BE616653A BE616653A (fr) 1961-04-28 1962-04-19 Pile
DE19621421582 DE1421582B2 (de) 1961-04-28 1962-04-27 Galvanisches Primärelement mit einem positiv gepolten Stahlbehälter
SE4784/62A SE304049B (xx) 1961-04-28 1962-04-27

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US106231A US3066179A (en) 1961-04-28 1961-04-28 Electric current producing cell

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3066179A true US3066179A (en) 1962-11-27

Family

ID=22310258

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US106231A Expired - Lifetime US3066179A (en) 1961-04-28 1961-04-28 Electric current producing cell

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3066179A (xx)
BE (1) BE616653A (xx)
DE (1) DE1421582B2 (xx)
GB (1) GB999632A (xx)
NL (1) NL276185A (xx)
SE (1) SE304049B (xx)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3485675A (en) * 1967-06-06 1969-12-23 Samuel Ruben Electric current producing cell having depolarizer in intimate contact with carburized surface of the container
US3630783A (en) * 1970-05-11 1971-12-28 Mallory Battery Canada Heat-shrinkable packaging for batteries
US4663248A (en) * 1982-09-07 1987-05-05 Duracell Inc. Electrode terminal contact
US5447809A (en) * 1984-08-21 1995-09-05 Rayovac Corporation Alkaline primary battery containing coated current collector
US5814419A (en) * 1995-09-01 1998-09-29 Rayovac Corporation Alkaline manganese dioxide electrochemical cell having coated can treated with sodium silicate
EP1040529A1 (en) * 1997-11-20 2000-10-04 Avista Labs A proton exchange membrane fuel cell power system
WO2000065673A1 (en) * 1999-04-27 2000-11-02 Eveready Battery Company, Inc. Alkaline cells having a conductive metal layer on a cathode container and process for making such
US6153330A (en) * 1995-09-01 2000-11-28 Rayovac Corporation Alkaline manganese dioxide electrochemical cell having coated can treated with silicon compounds

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3543455A1 (de) * 1985-12-09 1987-06-11 Varta Batterie Stromableiter fuer eine mit alkalischem elektrolyten in verbindung stehende metalloxidelektrode
DE3725629A1 (de) * 1987-08-03 1989-02-16 Varta Batterie Galvanisches element
HU914041D0 (en) * 1991-12-19 1992-04-28 Environmetal Batteries Systems Alkaline-zinc cell with improved current lead

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2650945A (en) * 1949-07-08 1953-09-01 Ray O Vac Co Primary dry cell
US2705249A (en) * 1950-02-10 1955-03-29 Grenville B Ellis Primary alkaline cell
US2902530A (en) * 1955-10-12 1959-09-01 Bjorksten Res Lab Inc Battery constituents

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2650945A (en) * 1949-07-08 1953-09-01 Ray O Vac Co Primary dry cell
US2705249A (en) * 1950-02-10 1955-03-29 Grenville B Ellis Primary alkaline cell
US2902530A (en) * 1955-10-12 1959-09-01 Bjorksten Res Lab Inc Battery constituents

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3485675A (en) * 1967-06-06 1969-12-23 Samuel Ruben Electric current producing cell having depolarizer in intimate contact with carburized surface of the container
US3630783A (en) * 1970-05-11 1971-12-28 Mallory Battery Canada Heat-shrinkable packaging for batteries
US4663248A (en) * 1982-09-07 1987-05-05 Duracell Inc. Electrode terminal contact
US5447809A (en) * 1984-08-21 1995-09-05 Rayovac Corporation Alkaline primary battery containing coated current collector
US5814419A (en) * 1995-09-01 1998-09-29 Rayovac Corporation Alkaline manganese dioxide electrochemical cell having coated can treated with sodium silicate
US6153330A (en) * 1995-09-01 2000-11-28 Rayovac Corporation Alkaline manganese dioxide electrochemical cell having coated can treated with silicon compounds
EP1040529A1 (en) * 1997-11-20 2000-10-04 Avista Labs A proton exchange membrane fuel cell power system
EP1040529A4 (en) * 1997-11-20 2005-01-12 Relion Inc ENERGY SUPPLY DEVICE BY MEANS OF FUEL CELL WITH PROTON CHANGING MEMBRANE
WO2000065673A1 (en) * 1999-04-27 2000-11-02 Eveready Battery Company, Inc. Alkaline cells having a conductive metal layer on a cathode container and process for making such
US6258132B1 (en) 1999-04-27 2001-07-10 Eveready Battery Company, Inc. Process for producing in an alkaline cell an in situ silver layer on a cathode container

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB999632A (en) 1965-07-28
BE616653A (fr) 1962-08-16
DE1421582B2 (de) 1970-03-26
DE1421582A1 (de) 1968-10-31
NL276185A (xx)
SE304049B (xx) 1968-09-16

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US2422045A (en) Alkaline dry cell
US3066179A (en) Electric current producing cell
GB1338780A (en) Primary cell
US4144382A (en) Alkaline cell
US3056849A (en) Primary cell with slurry electrolyteanode body
US2935547A (en) Air-depolarized deferred action cell
CA1232634A (en) Battery cell
US2233593A (en) Galvanic battery
US2616940A (en) Primary cell
US3935026A (en) Energy cell for watch
US2778979A (en) Tantalum electrolytic capacitors with solid depolarizer
US2572017A (en) Dry battery cell
US2809225A (en) Primary cell
US3392057A (en) Air cell including zinc anode and alkali zincate electrolyte
US3219487A (en) Perforated contact member for voltaic cell electrodes
US2697736A (en) Rechargeable lead dry cell
US3485675A (en) Electric current producing cell having depolarizer in intimate contact with carburized surface of the container
US2759986A (en) Primary cell
US2629758A (en) Electric current producing cell and electrolyte therefor
US2620368A (en) Alkaline dry cell
US4041219A (en) Silver peroxide-zinc battery
US2814664A (en) Electric current producing cell
US2586426A (en) Galvanic primary cell
US4387143A (en) Silver oxide primary cell
US2692215A (en) Alkaline dry cell