US3061469A - Antibacterial textile fabrics - Google Patents
Antibacterial textile fabrics Download PDFInfo
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- US3061469A US3061469A US85100759A US3061469A US 3061469 A US3061469 A US 3061469A US 85100759 A US85100759 A US 85100759A US 3061469 A US3061469 A US 3061469A
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- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 title claims description 50
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 18
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 title claims description 16
- SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver(1+) nitrate Chemical compound [Ag+].[O-]N(=O)=O SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- PDQAZBWRQCGBEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenethiourea Chemical compound S=C1NCCN1 PDQAZBWRQCGBEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001961 silver nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 19
- 238000004900 laundering Methods 0.000 description 14
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 13
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 4
- -1 alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride Chemical compound 0.000 description 4
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 108010046334 Urease Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003388 sodium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- GGCZERPQGJTIQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;9,10-dioxoanthracene-2-sulfonic acid Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 GGCZERPQGJTIQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 description 1
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K Citrate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000588770 Proteus mirabilis Species 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 description 1
- BCKXLBQYZLBQEK-KVVVOXFISA-M Sodium oleate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC([O-])=O BCKXLBQYZLBQEK-KVVVOXFISA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241000282485 Vulpes vulpes Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008272 agar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003385 bacteriostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002902 organometallic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003856 quaternary ammonium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium benzoate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004299 sodium benzoate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010234 sodium benzoate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VGTPCRGMBIAPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium thiocyanate Chemical compound [Na+].[S-]C#N VGTPCRGMBIAPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- CHLCPTJLUJHDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;benzenesulfinate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]S(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 CHLCPTJLUJHDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000271 synthetic detergent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910000406 trisodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019801 trisodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M16/00—Biochemical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. enzymatic
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S8/00—Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification of textiles and fibers
- Y10S8/21—Nylon
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
- Y10T442/2369—Coating or impregnation improves elasticity, bendability, resiliency, flexibility, or shape retention of the fabric
- Y10T442/2393—Coating or impregnation provides crease-resistance or wash and wear characteristics
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
- Y10T442/2525—Coating or impregnation functions biologically [e.g., insect repellent, antiseptic, insecticide, bactericide, etc.]
Definitions
- An object of this invention is to furnish antibacterial textile fabrics capable of substantially retaining their antibacterial effectiveness after repeated launderings.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide the aforesaid fabrics in a technically simple and commercially feasible manner.
- the objects of this invention may be attained by bringing a dilute aqueous solution of the complex salt of silver nitrate and ethylenethiourea into contact with a textile fabric and drying the same, e.g., by air drying, whereby a small amout of said complex salt is retained by said fabric.
- the complex salt formed from 4 moles of ethylenethiourea and 1 mol of silver nitrate useful in accordance with this invention, and its method of preparation, are described in the Journal of the Chemical Society (London), 1928, page 150.
- the aforesaid complex salt may be referred to as tetrakisethylenethiocarbamido-argentous nitrate. It is a white solid, melting at 96'9'7 C., solusic in water, very slightly soluble in alcohol and insoluble in other organic solvents, in general.
- the aforesaid reaction product reacts with the sodium salt of various acids, often forming water-insoluble derivatives. It exhibits a bacteriostatic end point of about 20 to 50 parts per million against common gram-negative and gram-positive organisms.
- A-l51 Relatively small amounts of the aforesaid complex silver salt, hereafter referred to as A-l51, are sufficient to impart laundry-resistant, antibacterial properties to textiles. Amounts as low as about 0.02 percent to about 2.0 percent of the total dry Weight of the treated fabric have proved satisfactory. However, it is preferred to use amounts of the order of about 0.1 percent to about 0.5 percent, on the same basis.
- the upper limit of the amount of A-l51 employed is determined by practical considerations, etc. For this reason no practical advantageous results flow from the use of larger amounts of A-l5l, although larger amounts in general do enhance the antibacterial properties of the treated fabric.
- the incorporation of the predetermined amount of A-151 into textile fabric will depend on the method employed, as is well-known to those skilled in the art. For example, if the well-known technique referred to as padding is employed, under conditions such that the fabric picks up an amount of aqueous solution of A-151 equivalent to 75 percent by Weight of the textile fabric itself, we have found that solutions from about 0.026 percent to about 2.6 percent in strength, i.e., by weight of silver product based on the total solution, yield treated textile fabrics having about 0.02 percent to about 2.0 percent by weight of reaction product on the dry treated fabric. Similarly, following the same padding technique, aqueous solutions of about 0.13 percent to about 0.65 percent strength, on the aforesaid basis, yield treated fabrics having from about 0.1 percent to about 0.5 percent by weight on the dry treated fabric.
- fabrics treated in accordance with our invention possess laundry-resistant, antibacterial properties, in addition to the properties attributable to the fabric itself. This resistance was found, irrespective of the laundering agent, i.e., whether the laundering agent was soap or synthetic detergents of various kinds.
- the treated fabrics are not adversely affected by bleaching agents, e.g., immersion in aqueous sodium hypochlorite does not affect the color of white fabrics nor the antibacterial properties of the treated fabric.
- fabrics treated in accordance with our invention include use in clothing items, diapers, and hospital fabrics such as blankets, sheets, etc. Practically speaking, fabrics treated in accordance with the present invention are non-toxic.
- the method employed to test for the antibacterial properties against gram-positive organisms is the agar plate method as given in Circular 198, December 1931, of the U8. Food and Drug Administration.
- a modified urease test procedure was used. This method consisted of placing a 1 inch square of fabric on the bottom of a 4 oz. jar, saturating the fabric with urine, inoculating with Proteus mirabilis and incubating the jars tightly capped at 37 C. A piece of pH paper suspended from the jar cap was used as a visual means of detecting ammonia production due to bacterial growth and periodically the jars were opened and the presence of ammonia determined organoleptically.
- the laundry conditions employed involved the immersion of 5 gram samples of fabric in Erlenmeyer flasks containing ml. of a 0.2 percent solution of a detergent or soap, e.g. Fab arylalkyl sulfonate powder (Colgate-Palmolive) in Water at 45 C., and agitating the flasks for 12 minutes on a rotary shaker (New Brunswick Scientific Co.).
- a detergent or soap e.g. Fab arylalkyl sulfonate powder (Colgate-Palmolive) in Water at 45 C.
- the laundered fabrics were rinsed by agitating in 100 ml. of hot water (45 C.) three times.
- Example I Following the method above described, standard 2.66 oz. of bleached, completely de-sized, mercerized cotton sheeting (Style 405, Test Fabrics Inc.) was treated with aqueous solutions of tetrakisethylenethiocarbamido-argentous nitrate (A151) of various strengths so that the concentrations of material retained by the cotton sheeting were 0.02%, 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75% and 1.0%.
- A151 tetrakisethylenethiocarbamido-argentous nitrate
- Example II The procedure of Example I was repeated twice, once employing nylon fabric (taffeta nylon, semi-dull staple), in place of the cotton sheeting, and the other time employing wool fabric, in place of the cotton sheeting.
- nylon fabric taffeta nylon, semi-dull staple
- Example III Samples of the untreated cotton sheeting used in Example I and the same cotton sheeting treated in accordance with the procedure described herein above so as to contain (a) 0.10% and (b) 0.25% of A-151 on the dry weight of the treated sheeting were exposed to the modified urease test described above.
- the samples of untreated cotton sheeting showed a visual pH change after 1 /2 hours of incubation and a significant ammonia odor after 3 to 4 hours.
- Example IV The cotton sheeting employed in Example I was treated in accordance with the aforementioned process of this invention so as to yield 21 treated fabric containing 1.0 percent by weight of A-151.
- the sodium compounds used in the after-treatment were sodium benzoate, tri-sodium phosphate, sodium carbonate, mono-sodium, citrate, sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, sodium thiocyanate, sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium oleate, sodium benzenesulfinate, and sodium hydroxide.
- complex salt of ethylenethiourea and silver nitrate is to include, as equivalents thereof, products made by reacting said c0u1- plex salt with the aforementioned Water-s0luble sodium compounds as well as known equivalents thereof.
- An article of manufacture comprising textile fabric having uniformly incorporated thereon the complex salt of silver nitrate and ethylenethiourea in a minor proportion sufficient to impart laundry-resistant, antibacterial properties to said textile fabric.
Description
United States Patent Office 3,001,469 Patented Oct. 30., 1962 3,061,469 ANTIBACTERIAL TEXTILE FABRECS Milton Manowitz, Fair Lawn, and Wiiiiam S. Gump,
Upper Montciair, N.J., assignors to The Givaudan Corporation, New York, N.Y., a corporation of New Jerse F3 Drawing. Filed Nov. 5, 1959, Ser. No. 851,007 4 Claims. (Cl. 117-4385) This invention relates to novel antibacterial textile fabrics and to novel processes for preparing same.
An object of this invention is to furnish antibacterial textile fabrics capable of substantially retaining their antibacterial effectiveness after repeated launderings.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the aforesaid fabrics in a technically simple and commercially feasible manner.
Other objects of this invention will become apparent from the following detailed description.
We have found that the objects of this invention may be attained by bringing a dilute aqueous solution of the complex salt of silver nitrate and ethylenethiourea into contact with a textile fabric and drying the same, e.g., by air drying, whereby a small amout of said complex salt is retained by said fabric.
We are aware that the incorporation of antibacterial substances into textile fabrics in order to render the same antibacterial has been suggested by others. The incorporation of substances such as quaternary ammonium compounds, e.g., higher alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride; organometallic compounds; and others may be noted. The resulting articles are, for the most, nondurable in antibacterial effect because they, among other things, do not resist normal laundering processes on account of the detergents, bleaching agents, or other materials commonly employed in such processes.
The complex salt formed from 4 moles of ethylenethiourea and 1 mol of silver nitrate useful in accordance with this invention, and its method of preparation, are described in the Journal of the Chemical Society (London), 1928, page 150. The aforesaid complex salt may be referred to as tetrakisethylenethiocarbamido-argentous nitrate. It is a white solid, melting at 96'9'7 C., solusic in water, very slightly soluble in alcohol and insoluble in other organic solvents, in general. In aqueous media, the aforesaid reaction product reacts with the sodium salt of various acids, often forming water-insoluble derivatives. It exhibits a bacteriostatic end point of about 20 to 50 parts per million against common gram-negative and gram-positive organisms.
Relatively small amounts of the aforesaid complex silver salt, hereafter referred to as A-l51, are sufficient to impart laundry-resistant, antibacterial properties to textiles. Amounts as low as about 0.02 percent to about 2.0 percent of the total dry Weight of the treated fabric have proved satisfactory. However, it is preferred to use amounts of the order of about 0.1 percent to about 0.5 percent, on the same basis. The upper limit of the amount of A-l51 employed is determined by practical considerations, etc. For this reason no practical advantageous results flow from the use of larger amounts of A-l5l, although larger amounts in general do enhance the antibacterial properties of the treated fabric.
The incorporation of the predetermined amount of A-151 into textile fabric will depend on the method employed, as is well-known to those skilled in the art. For example, if the well-known technique referred to as padding is employed, under conditions such that the fabric picks up an amount of aqueous solution of A-151 equivalent to 75 percent by Weight of the textile fabric itself, we have found that solutions from about 0.026 percent to about 2.6 percent in strength, i.e., by weight of silver product based on the total solution, yield treated textile fabrics having about 0.02 percent to about 2.0 percent by weight of reaction product on the dry treated fabric. Similarly, following the same padding technique, aqueous solutions of about 0.13 percent to about 0.65 percent strength, on the aforesaid basis, yield treated fabrics having from about 0.1 percent to about 0.5 percent by weight on the dry treated fabric.
If desired, other methods known to the art may be used to incorporate the aforesaid silver salt on the fabric.
it has been found that the advantageous results of the present invention are obtained with textiles in general. Thus, e.g., cotton, nylon and wool may be specifically mentioned by way of illustration and not by way of limitation. Fabrics made from other cellulosic, natural or synthetic, fibers may be used, if desired.
As already noted, fabrics treated in accordance with our invention possess laundry-resistant, antibacterial properties, in addition to the properties attributable to the fabric itself. This resistance was found, irrespective of the laundering agent, i.e., whether the laundering agent was soap or synthetic detergents of various kinds. The treated fabrics are not adversely affected by bleaching agents, e.g., immersion in aqueous sodium hypochlorite does not affect the color of white fabrics nor the antibacterial properties of the treated fabric.
Specific uses of fabrics treated in accordance with our invention include use in clothing items, diapers, and hospital fabrics such as blankets, sheets, etc. Practically speaking, fabrics treated in accordance with the present invention are non-toxic.
The method employed to test for the antibacterial properties against gram-positive organisms is the agar plate method as given in Circular 198, December 1931, of the U8. Food and Drug Administration.
To test for activity against gram-negative organisms and to test some practical applications of these fabrics, a modified urease test procedure was used. This method consisted of placing a 1 inch square of fabric on the bottom of a 4 oz. jar, saturating the fabric with urine, inoculating with Proteus mirabilis and incubating the jars tightly capped at 37 C. A piece of pH paper suspended from the jar cap was used as a visual means of detecting ammonia production due to bacterial growth and periodically the jars were opened and the presence of ammonia determined organoleptically.
The laundry conditions employed involved the immersion of 5 gram samples of fabric in Erlenmeyer flasks containing ml. of a 0.2 percent solution of a detergent or soap, e.g. Fab arylalkyl sulfonate powder (Colgate-Palmolive) in Water at 45 C., and agitating the flasks for 12 minutes on a rotary shaker (New Brunswick Scientific Co.). The laundered fabrics were rinsed by agitating in 100 ml. of hot water (45 C.) three times.
In order more fully to explain our invention, we give the following examples by way of illustration and not by way of limitation.
Example I Following the method above described, standard 2.66 oz. of bleached, completely de-sized, mercerized cotton sheeting (Style 405, Test Fabrics Inc.) was treated with aqueous solutions of tetrakisethylenethiocarbamido-argentous nitrate (A151) of various strengths so that the concentrations of material retained by the cotton sheeting were 0.02%, 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75% and 1.0%.
The so-treated sheetings were exposed to the laundering procedure described above and tested in accordance with the aforementioned F.D.A. method, Circular 198.
It was found that even the fabric with only 0.02 percent of A-lSl gave a measurable zone of protection even after laundering. Fabrics with 0.05 percent of compound A-151 exhibited a wide zone of protection even after launderings. Fabrics with 0.1 percent of A-l51 and higher exhibited strong bactericidal properties after launderings. Fabrics with 0.25 percent or more of A-l5l still showed large zones of inhibition following 45 lauuderings.
Where the foregoing example Was repeated, employing other laundering agents in place of Fab detergent, the results were substantially the same. The other agents employed were soap powder (Lever Brothers), Tidealkylaryl sulfonate (Procter and Gamble), Lux-soap flakes (Lever Brothers), All-non-ionic detergent (Lever Brothers), and Duz-anionic detergent (Procter and Gamble).
Example II The procedure of Example I was repeated twice, once employing nylon fabric (taffeta nylon, semi-dull staple), in place of the cotton sheeting, and the other time employing wool fabric, in place of the cotton sheeting.
The results showed that the treated nylon and wool retained their antibacterial properties after repeated launderings, but not to the same extent as in the case of cotton sheeting.
Example III Samples of the untreated cotton sheeting used in Example I and the same cotton sheeting treated in accordance with the procedure described herein above so as to contain (a) 0.10% and (b) 0.25% of A-151 on the dry weight of the treated sheeting were exposed to the modified urease test described above.
The samples of untreated cotton sheeting showed a visual pH change after 1 /2 hours of incubation and a significant ammonia odor after 3 to 4 hours.
The treated samples, even after 5 launderings as aforesaid with Fab arylalkyl sulfonate, showed no pH change or ammonia odor throughout a 3 day incubation period. This was even true of the treated fabric containing 0.25 percent of A-l51 after 15 launderings as aforesaid.
Example IV The cotton sheeting employed in Example I was treated in accordance with the aforementioned process of this invention so as to yield 21 treated fabric containing 1.0 percent by weight of A-151.
Samples of the so-treated fabric were separately subjected to the aforementioned padding procedure in 1.0 percent aqueous baths of the sodium salt of various acids and sodium hydroxide. These after-treated fabrics as well as a sample of the untreated cotton sheeting and a sample of the cotton sheeting containing 1.0 percent of A-15 l but with no after-treatment were subjected to the afore described laundering procedure using Fab" arylalkyl sulfonate. The results showed that the untreated sheeting gave no protection at all and that the sheeting containing A-151, with no after-treatment, gave substantially the same antibacterial protection as was true of the after-treated fabrics, even after 15 launderings.
The sodium compounds used in the after-treatment were sodium benzoate, tri-sodium phosphate, sodium carbonate, mono-sodium, citrate, sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, sodium thiocyanate, sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium oleate, sodium benzenesulfinate, and sodium hydroxide.
Accordingly, wherever the context of the specifications and claims permit or require, the term complex salt of ethylenethiourea and silver nitrate is to include, as equivalents thereof, products made by reacting said c0u1- plex salt with the aforementioned Water-s0luble sodium compounds as well as known equivalents thereof.
The foregoing illustrates the practice of this invention, which, however, is not to be limited thereby, but is to be construed as broadly as permissible in view of the prior art and limited solely by the appended claims.
We claim:
1. An article of manufacture comprising textile fabric having uniformly incorporated thereon the complex salt of silver nitrate and ethylenethiourea in a minor proportion sufficient to impart laundry-resistant, antibacterial properties to said textile fabric.
2. An article of manufacture in accordance with claim 1, wherein said textile fabric comprises cotton fibers.
3. An article of manufacture in accordance with claim 1, wherein said minor proportion is within the range from about 0.02 percent to about 2.0 percent, based on the total dry weight of the treated fabric.
4. An article of manufacture in accordance with claim 2, wherein said minor proportion is within the range from about 0.02 percent to about 2.0 percent, based on the total dry weight of the treated fabric.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,562,488 Fuchs July 31, 1951 2,813,059 Davis et al Nov. 12, 1957 OTHER REFERENCES Journal of the Chemical Society (London), 1928, page 150.
Claims (1)
1. AN ARTICLE OF MANUFACTURE COMPRISING TEXTILE FABRIC HAVING UNIFORMLY INCORPORATED THEREON THE COMPLEX SALT OF SILVER NITRATE AND ETHYLENETHIOUREA IN A MINOR PROPORTION SUFFICIENT TO IMPART LAUNDRY-RESISTANT, ANTIBACTERIAL PROPERTIES TO SAID TEXTILE FABRIC.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US85100759 US3061469A (en) | 1959-11-05 | 1959-11-05 | Antibacterial textile fabrics |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US85100759 US3061469A (en) | 1959-11-05 | 1959-11-05 | Antibacterial textile fabrics |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3061469A true US3061469A (en) | 1962-10-30 |
Family
ID=25309710
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US85100759 Expired - Lifetime US3061469A (en) | 1959-11-05 | 1959-11-05 | Antibacterial textile fabrics |
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US (1) | US3061469A (en) |
Cited By (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3085909A (en) * | 1960-08-17 | 1963-04-16 | Gagliardi Res Corp | Silver containing reaction products, methods for their production and use in formingpermanent silver containing deposits on base materials |
US3300336A (en) * | 1963-09-09 | 1967-01-24 | Scient Chemicals Inc | Metal containing compositions, processes and products |
US3547688A (en) * | 1967-01-04 | 1970-12-15 | Gagliardi Research Corp | Microbiocidal complexes of aziridinyl compounds and biocidal metal salts and their use in rendering textiles or other substrates durably microbiocidal |
US4430381A (en) | 1982-06-25 | 1984-02-07 | The Buckeye Cellulose Corporation | Monocarboxylic acid antimicrobials in fabrics |
US6077319A (en) * | 1996-09-13 | 2000-06-20 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Processes for preparing microbiocidal textiles |
US6241783B1 (en) | 1996-09-13 | 2001-06-05 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Formaldehyde scavenging in microbiocidal articles |
US20060171996A1 (en) * | 2003-03-13 | 2006-08-03 | Takuo Sakai | Antibacterial pectocellulose |
US20080033329A1 (en) * | 2006-08-01 | 2008-02-07 | Becton Dickinson And Company | Antimicrobial compression bandage |
US20100015208A1 (en) * | 2008-03-19 | 2010-01-21 | Bristol-Myers Squibb Company | Antibacterial wound dressing |
US20110027869A1 (en) * | 2007-08-17 | 2011-02-03 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Compositions for Chemical and Biological Defense |
US10493101B2 (en) | 2005-12-14 | 2019-12-03 | Convatec Technologies Inc. | Antimicrobial composition |
US11135315B2 (en) | 2010-11-30 | 2021-10-05 | Convatec Technologies Inc. | Composition for detecting biofilms on viable tissues |
US11286601B2 (en) | 2012-12-20 | 2022-03-29 | Convatec Technologies, Inc. | Processing of chemically modified cellulosic fibres |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2562488A (en) * | 1947-10-06 | 1951-07-31 | Bactericidal Res Inc | Germicidal reaction products of silver salts and monohydroxy-monoamino alkanes |
US2813059A (en) * | 1954-11-12 | 1957-11-12 | A O Edwards | Oligodynamic silver treating process and microbicidal product |
-
1959
- 1959-11-05 US US85100759 patent/US3061469A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2562488A (en) * | 1947-10-06 | 1951-07-31 | Bactericidal Res Inc | Germicidal reaction products of silver salts and monohydroxy-monoamino alkanes |
US2813059A (en) * | 1954-11-12 | 1957-11-12 | A O Edwards | Oligodynamic silver treating process and microbicidal product |
Cited By (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3085909A (en) * | 1960-08-17 | 1963-04-16 | Gagliardi Res Corp | Silver containing reaction products, methods for their production and use in formingpermanent silver containing deposits on base materials |
US3300336A (en) * | 1963-09-09 | 1967-01-24 | Scient Chemicals Inc | Metal containing compositions, processes and products |
US3547688A (en) * | 1967-01-04 | 1970-12-15 | Gagliardi Research Corp | Microbiocidal complexes of aziridinyl compounds and biocidal metal salts and their use in rendering textiles or other substrates durably microbiocidal |
US4430381A (en) | 1982-06-25 | 1984-02-07 | The Buckeye Cellulose Corporation | Monocarboxylic acid antimicrobials in fabrics |
US6077319A (en) * | 1996-09-13 | 2000-06-20 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Processes for preparing microbiocidal textiles |
US6241783B1 (en) | 1996-09-13 | 2001-06-05 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Formaldehyde scavenging in microbiocidal articles |
US20060171996A1 (en) * | 2003-03-13 | 2006-08-03 | Takuo Sakai | Antibacterial pectocellulose |
US10493101B2 (en) | 2005-12-14 | 2019-12-03 | Convatec Technologies Inc. | Antimicrobial composition |
US8026407B2 (en) | 2006-08-01 | 2011-09-27 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Antimicrobial compression bandage |
US20080033329A1 (en) * | 2006-08-01 | 2008-02-07 | Becton Dickinson And Company | Antimicrobial compression bandage |
US8772197B2 (en) | 2007-08-17 | 2014-07-08 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Compositions for chemical and biological defense |
US20110027869A1 (en) * | 2007-08-17 | 2011-02-03 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Compositions for Chemical and Biological Defense |
US8637072B2 (en) * | 2008-03-19 | 2014-01-28 | Convatec Technologies, Inc. | Antimicrobial wound dressing comprising gel-forming fibers and specific ratio of silver to nitrate |
US20100015208A1 (en) * | 2008-03-19 | 2010-01-21 | Bristol-Myers Squibb Company | Antibacterial wound dressing |
US11135315B2 (en) | 2010-11-30 | 2021-10-05 | Convatec Technologies Inc. | Composition for detecting biofilms on viable tissues |
US11286601B2 (en) | 2012-12-20 | 2022-03-29 | Convatec Technologies, Inc. | Processing of chemically modified cellulosic fibres |
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