US305224A

US305224A - pratt

Info

Publication number: US305224A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1884-09-16
Anticipated expiration: 1901-09-16

Description

(No Model.)

. 2 sheets-sheet 1. N. A. PRATT nL Gr. BENSON. APPAR TUS 0R THE TR ION PATTY MATTERS PR NIMAL, BTA NCES.

LS AND AND MINERAL SUBSTA No. 30 Patented Sept. 16,

fsm.: Ill

(No Model.) 2 sheets-sheet 2.

N. A. PRATT & G. W. BENSON. APPARATUS FOR THB EXTRAGTION 0F OILS AND PATTY MATTERS d Sept. 16, 1884.

, I INI l. V r .......lllll'nlv r I l. l nllzhullllllll lla AA PROM ANIMAL, VEGETABLB, AND MINERAL SUBSTANGES. N0. 305,224.

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NrrEn STATES PATENT OFFICE.

NATHANIEL A. PRATT, OF DEOATUR, AND GEORGE WT. BENSON, OF

MARIETTA, GEORGIA.

APPARATUS FOR THE EXTRACTION 0F OILS AND FATTY MATTERS FROM ANIMAL, VEGETABLE, ANDMINERAL SUBSTANCES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 305,224, dated September 16, 1884.

Application filed June 2, 1884.

(No model.)

table, and Mineral Substances, which improvements are fully set forth in the Vfollowing specification and accompanying drawings.

The object of our invention and process is to providel efficient and sufficient mechanical device or devices to use with safety and econ-` omy mechanical pressure, combined with chemical percolation and diffusion of solvents, whereby fatty substances may be operated upon for the extraction of their oilsand fatty vfatty matters combined with solvents from a pressed mass. It is known that danger attaches to the use of solvents in almost all such processes, which danger is mainly chargeable ,to exposure of the material while under operation for extraction or recovery. It may be seen that our devices and combinations avoid exposure of the material at any period of operation while the solventds in combination with the oily substance or the fatty matters, except the trace of solvent left in the hard cake after pressure, and while it is being taken from the press, and the cake is then so nearly exempt from oil or solvent as to be entirely free from danger by reason of inflammability. Another object is that, when desirable to do so, we may extract the fat without the application of heat to the material, and thus produce cold-pressed oil. A sequence of our `l1" designates the plunger.

process is leaving in the pressed mass all albuminoids heretofore partly pressed out with theoil, and, finally, the production of an oil with body firm at 66.

Ve will now describe our treatment of cotton-seed for the extraction of its fatty matters, which will demonstrate our process and invention.

Figure 1 represents a vertical section of any press with our adjuncts and mechanical devices, the latter only shaded. A designates the ram, B the head-block, C the base or pot, and D the pillars, of any hydraulic or other press. E designates the movable cylinder. G designates the packing on edge of movable cylinder E. H designates the hydraulic packing in cylinder I designates the solvent7 injection-pipe. K k designate the perforated plates. L Z designate the concealed cavities. the discharge-pipes.

Decorticated or undecorticated cotton-seed kernels are charged into cylinder E, which for that purpose has been lowered from headblock B. The ram, upon which is mounted plunger F, is set in upward motion. The cylinder E,with contents, is raised by mechanical appliance to its position for pressure, when M designates Y packing G contacts with head-block B. The

usual hydraulic packing, H, is in cylinder E, against which plunger F acts, and thus both packings make space X, containing the charge, leak-proof. The ram, with its surmounted plunger F, continues its upward motion, now, exerting pressure upon the charged mass. At this period of the process our charge of solvent is injected into the mass through pipe I, connected with cylinder E for that purpose, when percolation and diffusion combine with mechanical pressure, and their united agency accomplishes the most thorough and attainable extraction possible. These combined powers force the fatty matter from the mass both upward and downward through the perforated plates K and 7s into their connected inclosed and concealed cavities L and Z, and thence through pipes M, Src., they are conducted to V a still, where, by low heat appliedby means of steampipe surfaces, the solvent is evaporated from the oil, and, being condensed, flows into the solvent-receiver ready for use again,while the oil is left pure to be drawn 0E into its tank. The mass in space X having been thus pressed into a cake, y, and the last portion of fatty matter being in process ofiinal withdrawal, cylinder E is forced down by mechanical means, as represented on the drawings, or otherwise, from around the periphery of the cake y to a point a little below the lower face line of the cake, ram and plunger F being meanwhile held at the pressure-point, thus retaining the cake firmly between plunger F and head-block Bwhile cylinder E is slid down. The pressure on the ram is then sufficiently relieved to release the cake, when' it may be pushed out into its container, where it may also be subjected to a low surface steam-heat for the recovery of any trace of solvent which may remain in the cake. The ram is finally lowered to its original position, while cylinder E, already lowercd,is then ready for another charge.

Two or more movable cylinders with intervening platens over one ram,or a double-acting ram, may be operated with similar me- -chanical arrangements, and thus increase capacity.

If it is deemed desirable to charge through a hole in the head-block, the combined perforated plate and concealed cavity may be made in a slide covering the aperture in the head-block while the press is being made, and other similar slides may be used in the base block upon it or in the platens, and these slides may contain the combined perforated plates and inclosed and concealed cavities.

- The slide S, Fig. 2, is to be shoved into the head-block or baseblock when a pressure is to be made, and is sufficientlylarge in area on its face to more than cover the outer edge of the cylinder E, in which has been charged the mass to be operated upon, and after the injection of solvent and pressure has been made, and the oil and fatty matters have thus been extracted, the ram-pressure is then relieved, and the slide withdrawn far enough to admit of forcing the caked mass from the cylinder out through the opening in the block, and the slide remains withdrawn while another charge of material is made through the opening into the cylinder.

In the accompanying drawings, Fig. l represents a cross-section of a press with our mechanical devices. Figs. 2 and 3 represent a modification.

Having thus described our process and invention, what we claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. The process of extracting oil or fatty matters from animal, vegetable, or mineral substances by percolation and diffusion of chemical solvents in or through the mass, operated upon while the said mass is under mechanical pressure.

2. The process of extracting oil or fatty matters from animal, vegetable, or mineral substances by chemical solvents acting upon a mass While it is undergoing pressure,with the mechanical adjuncts and parts, substantially as shown and described.

3. The movable cylinder E, in a press for extracting oil andfatty matters from animal, vegetable, or mineral substances, substantially as shown and described.

Il. In apress for extracting oil or fatty matters from animal, vegetable, or mineral substances, the cylinder E, movable or stationary, in combination with the perforated plates K and 7a, provided with the inclosed and concealed cavities L and Z, through which the oil or fatty matters may pass from the mass under treatment, and be conveyed through pipe M and other conduits without exposure.

5. In a press for extracting oil or fatty mat ters from animal, vegetable, or mineral substances, the slide S, containing thc perforated plates K and k, provided with the inclosed and concealed cavities Land Z, for the purposes and substantially as shown and described.

6. The movable Ycylinder E, in combination with a head or base block, platen, plunger, or slide in a press for extracting oil or fatty matters from animal, vegetable, or mineral substances. i

7. In a press for the extraction of oil or fatty matters from animal, vegetable, or mineral substances, a cylinder having a perforated head-plate, in combination with a plunger provided with a perforated face-plate, a ram for actuating said plunger, suitable ind uctionpipes for introducing the solvent, and eductionepipes, all constructed, combined, and operated substantially as herein set forth and described.

NATHL. A. PRATT. G. W`. BENSON.

lVitnesses:

B. E. BOYD, 0. C. FULLER.

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