US3043687A - Photographic colloid transfer process - Google Patents

Photographic colloid transfer process Download PDF

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Publication number
US3043687A
US3043687A US810575A US81057559A US3043687A US 3043687 A US3043687 A US 3043687A US 810575 A US810575 A US 810575A US 81057559 A US81057559 A US 81057559A US 3043687 A US3043687 A US 3043687A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
emulsion layer
emulsion
sheet
silver halide
gelatin
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US810575A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
John W Linge
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eastman Kodak Co
Original Assignee
Eastman Kodak Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to BE590252D priority Critical patent/BE590252A/xx
Application filed by Eastman Kodak Co filed Critical Eastman Kodak Co
Priority to US810575A priority patent/US3043687A/en
Priority to FR825643A priority patent/FR1255281A/fr
Priority to GB15635/60A priority patent/GB933004A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3043687A publication Critical patent/US3043687A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C5/00—Photographic processes or agents therefor; Regeneration of such processing agents
    • G03C5/26—Processes using silver-salt-containing photosensitive materials or agents therefor
    • G03C5/29—Development processes or agents therefor
    • G03C5/315—Tanning development

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a process in photography wherein an image in soft adhesive organic colloid is formed photographically and a discrete stratum of the image is transferred to a receiving sheet to provide a reproduction of the subject. The process is described in the Yutzy et al. U.S.
  • a gelatin tanning silver halide developing agent as well as a non-tanning silver halide developing agent.
  • tanning development of the more exposed regions of the emulsion corresponding to the highlights of the subject proceeds although some development of the less exposed regions also takes place to provide visual density for the transferred image as explained in more detail in U.S. Patent 2,716,059 above.
  • the developed emulsion is pressed into contact with an absorbent receiving sheet such as paper to cause the less exposed regions, and thus the less developed regions, of the emulsion .to adhere to the receiving sheet. Subsequently, when the emulsion and receiving sheet are separated a stratum of the less exposed regions of the emulsion remains on the sheet and appears as a positive silver image of the original subject.
  • an absorbent receiving sheet such as paper
  • the alkaline solution used for activation of the exposed emulsion layer advantageously contains a gelatin-softening agent to facilitate transfer of the less exposed portions of the emulsion to the receiving sheet.
  • Urea and certain other gelatinsoftening agents have been suggested for the purpose.
  • the above patents also suggest the use of sodium carbonate as the alkaline component of the alkaline solution used for initiating development of the exposed emulsion.
  • a substantially unhardened gelatino-silver halide emulsion (having a hardness as defined in the above patents) is prepared as described in U.S. Patent 2,716,059 above and containing a mixture of tanning and substantially non-tanning silver halide developing agents such as 4- phenylcatechol and 4-methoxy-a-naphthol.
  • the emulsion is coated on a paper support and dried.
  • the resultant sensitive element is then exposed to a two-tone subject (a line or halftone subject) if desired by reflex methods, and placed in the following alkaline solution of the invention to initiate development.
  • a Water softening agent such as well known alkaline earth metal chelating agents, e.g., ethylenediaminetetracetic acid, dior tetrasodium salts. About 4 grams of the salts are useful in the above formula for this purpose.
  • the sensitive element and receiving sheet are separated leaving a stratum of the less exposed and thus less hardened regions of the emulsion adhered to the receiving sheet.
  • the result is a positive line or halftone silver-containing image afiixed to the sheet.
  • the transfer operation may be repeated at number of times by merely rewetting the sensitive element in the alkaline solution and squeegeeing to a fresh reception sheet.
  • the reception sheet for the process is advantageously prepared as described in the Chan et a1.
  • U.S. Patent 2,865,745, issued December 23, 1958 comprising a paper sheet on the surface of which is a mixture of an intensifying agent such as thiourea and a development suppressing agent such as sodium formaldehyde bisulfite.
  • the quantity of acetamide and potassium carbonate in the alkaline solution may be varied from that given in the above formula depending upon the requirements of the particular emulsion used in the process and the conditions of operation such as temperature; less acetamide being required at higher operating temperatures.
  • the emulsion should have a minimum hardness of the order mentioned by the above patents corresponding to a gelatin layer containing about 0.7 gram of dry formaldehyde per pound of gelatin freshly coated, more or less acetamide is required at diiferent operating temperatures.
  • the optimum amount of potassium carbonate may be readily determined by experiment with different emulsions, development times, and temperatures. Since the potassium carbonate furnishes the alkaline component of the solution, development is accelerated by use of higher amounts and conversely by lower amounts. Also, too much potassium carbonate should be avoided, otherwise the emulsion Will be unduly hardened during the development step.
  • the gelatin tanning and non-tanning developing agents are present in t the emulsion.
  • either or both developing agents may be present in the alkaline solution and the other in the emulsion.
  • a very useful combination of developing agents is 4-phenylcatechol with 4-methoxy-a-naphthol. Since the latter is self-coupling it forms a colored compoundiduring development which contributes density to the print.
  • Other useful tanning and non-tanning silver halide developing agents are disclosed by the above patents.
  • Guanidine carbonate may be used as the alkali in the solution used for initiating developing in the processes of the above patents, but is not as satisfactory as potassium carbonate from the viewpoint of preventing crystallization of the solution.
  • a method of photographic reproduction which comprises exposing to a two-tone subject a substantially nonhardened gelatino-silver halide emulsion layer, said emulsion being not harder than a gelatin layer containing 0.7 gram of formaldehyde per pound of gelatin freshly coated, developing said exposed emulsion layer With a solution of potassium carbonate and acetamide in the presence of both a gelatin tanning silver halide developing agent and a substantially non-tanning silver halide developing agent to obtain a hardened gelatin and silver image in the areas of the emulsion layer corresponding to the highlights of the subject, and substantially unhardened gelatin, silver and silver halide in the areas of the emulsion layer corresponding to the shadows of the subject, said development being such as to prevent any substantial tanning of the emulsion layer in said areas corresponding tothe shadows of the subject, pressing a sheet having an absorbent surface against said emulsion layer while said emulsion layer is moist to cause only the shadow

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Silver Salt Photography Or Processing Solution Therefor (AREA)
US810575A 1959-05-04 1959-05-04 Photographic colloid transfer process Expired - Lifetime US3043687A (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE590252D BE590252A (en)) 1959-05-04
US810575A US3043687A (en) 1959-05-04 1959-05-04 Photographic colloid transfer process
FR825643A FR1255281A (fr) 1959-05-04 1960-04-28 Nouveau procédé de reproduction photographique
GB15635/60A GB933004A (en) 1959-05-04 1960-05-03 Improvements in processes of photographic reproduction

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US810575A US3043687A (en) 1959-05-04 1959-05-04 Photographic colloid transfer process

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3043687A true US3043687A (en) 1962-07-10

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Family Applications (1)

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US810575A Expired - Lifetime US3043687A (en) 1959-05-04 1959-05-04 Photographic colloid transfer process

Country Status (3)

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US (1) US3043687A (en))
BE (1) BE590252A (en))
GB (1) GB933004A (en))

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3148060A (en) * 1962-10-16 1964-09-08 Eastman Kodak Co Colloid transfer process and activator solution therefor
US3189454A (en) * 1961-10-16 1965-06-15 Eastman Kodak Co Method of photographic development and fixing
US3189449A (en) * 1962-10-01 1965-06-15 Eastman Kodak Co Colloid stratum transfer process
US3232757A (en) * 1962-12-17 1966-02-01 Eastman Kodak Co Photographic colloid transfer process

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2195419A (en) * 1938-10-03 1940-04-02 Du Pont Film Mfg Corp Process for reducing the density of silver images and compositions therefor
US2394600A (en) * 1944-01-13 1946-02-12 Eastman Kodak Co Substituted acid amide antifoggants
US2704712A (en) * 1952-09-18 1955-03-22 Eastman Kodak Co Photographic copying process
US2716059A (en) * 1952-01-21 1955-08-23 Eastman Kodak Co Photographic transfer process

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2195419A (en) * 1938-10-03 1940-04-02 Du Pont Film Mfg Corp Process for reducing the density of silver images and compositions therefor
US2394600A (en) * 1944-01-13 1946-02-12 Eastman Kodak Co Substituted acid amide antifoggants
US2716059A (en) * 1952-01-21 1955-08-23 Eastman Kodak Co Photographic transfer process
US2704712A (en) * 1952-09-18 1955-03-22 Eastman Kodak Co Photographic copying process

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3189454A (en) * 1961-10-16 1965-06-15 Eastman Kodak Co Method of photographic development and fixing
US3189449A (en) * 1962-10-01 1965-06-15 Eastman Kodak Co Colloid stratum transfer process
US3148060A (en) * 1962-10-16 1964-09-08 Eastman Kodak Co Colloid transfer process and activator solution therefor
US3232757A (en) * 1962-12-17 1966-02-01 Eastman Kodak Co Photographic colloid transfer process

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB933004A (en) 1963-07-31
BE590252A (en))

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