US3042561A - Transparent light and heat insulating window panes and shields - Google Patents

Transparent light and heat insulating window panes and shields Download PDF

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US3042561A
US3042561A US71609258A US3042561A US 3042561 A US3042561 A US 3042561A US 71609258 A US71609258 A US 71609258A US 3042561 A US3042561 A US 3042561A
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fabric
heat insulating
shields
transparent
metal
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Iwashita Wasaku
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C25/00—Surface treatment of fibres or filaments made from glass, minerals or slags
    • C03C25/10—Coating
    • C03C25/42—Coatings containing inorganic materials
    • C03C25/46—Metals
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/918—Material abnormally transparent
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/3382—Including a free metal or alloy constituent
    • Y10T442/3398—Vapor or sputter deposited metal layer

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to transparent light and heat insulating window panes for buildings, rolling stock, ceiling windows for roofs, panes for show cases and for various other applications.
  • Such light and heat insulating window panes are especially useful for motor cars, and one embodiment of the invention is a transparent glare shield which may be moved as desired within the motor car.
  • panes or shields In order to exclude light, such as the glare from the sun and resulting heat from an inclosure, it has heretofore been the practice to employ opaque, translucent or transparent colored window panes or shields. While such panes or shields have the virtue of excluding the suns glare and a portion of the resulting heat, they present certain disadvantages. Opaque window panes obstruct the view, and opaque shields may obstruct the view in certain desired positions of the shields. Such obstructions are undesirable, and are dangerous in the case of motor cars. The same may be said of translucent panes or shields. Transparent colored panes or shields give an unnatural light within the enclosure and do not permit one within the inclosure to observe satisfactorily shading effects beyond the enclosure. This is undesirable and may be dangerous in operating motor cars.
  • the present invention provides a light and heat insulating, transparent window pane or shield, characterized in that a thin fabric having its warp and woof threads coated on one face of the fabric with a thin metallic film, is afiixed to a well-known transparent sheet.
  • the fabric may be, for example silk, nylon, or the like, and the metallic film may be a thin film of aluminum which has especially high reflectivity.
  • the well-known transparent sheet is glass, acrylic or other synthetic resins, or the like. With the metallic film surface being directed outwardly the glare and heat of the sun is reflected outwardly of the inclosure.
  • FIG. 1 is a broken elevation of a window, such as a side window of a motor car, constructed and arranged according to the invention, and
  • FIG. 2 is a broken elevation of a pivoted glare shield embodying the invention.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown a pane 5 according to the invention, ewecially adapted for use in a motor car.
  • the pane 5 is broken to illustrate the various layers of which it is composed.
  • the warp and Woof threads of the fabric layer are coated on one face of the fabric with a thin film 2 of a metal having high reflectivity, as aluminum.
  • this coating is illustrated as an unbroken sheet of the metal. It is to be understood, however, that this coating is, in reality, a coating of each individual Warp thread and a coating of each individual woof thread on the indicated face of the fabric. Emphasis is placed upon the fact that the meshes between the threads are not clogged by the thin metal film.
  • Warp and woof threads are coated by means of the vacuum vaporization method wherein the fabric is moved over a crucible containing the molten metal under vacuum.
  • the prepared metal coated fabric is designated A.
  • the coated fabric is laminated with a transparent sheet to form the pane or shield.
  • the fabric A may be inserted between two commercially available transparent sheets 3 and 3 to form the final pane.
  • the fabric A may be applied to a single sheet 3 and a known molten transparent material may be applied to the other face of the fabric A, the outer surface of this transparent material being then given a plane outer surface.
  • Transparent adhesives may be optionally employed to attach the fabric to the sheets 3.
  • the direction of the threads of the fabric A may be variously chosen with respect to the outline of the sheet 3, it is preferred to apply the fabric A with its threads on the bias. With this arrangement there are more opportunities for both warp and woo-f thread to receive rays of light.
  • the pane is hermetically sealed peripherally by means of a frame 6. This affords protection to the metallic films 2, protecting them from deterioration due to the atmosphere.
  • a protective film may be applied to the metal coated fabric by another vacuum vaporization process.
  • the glare shield illustrated in FIG. 2 is similarly formed. However, the glare shield is formed without the frame 6. Furthermore, it is pivoted in known manner within the inclosure for suitable positioning to prevent glare and directly radiated heat.
  • window panes and shields constructed according to the invention are transparent because the threads of the thin fabric are coated with a film of metal which does not clog the meshes between the threads. At the same time, both heat and light are reflected by the aluminum film on each thread of the fabric, so that little of either will enter the enclosure through the novel pane or shield.
  • a light reflecting, heat insulating transparent laminate comprising at least a lamina of metal pre-coated formauious, thin, woven, non-metallic fabric and a lamina of transparent glass sheet material bonded thereto wherein the threads of said fabric have been individually pre-coated with metal by vacuum vaporization of said metal over and through the threads of said fabric causing deposition thereon thereby increasing the light reflecting and heat insulating qualities thereof while maintaining the foraminous character of said woven nonmetallic fabric.

Description

July 3, 1962 WASAKU lWASHlTA 3,042,561
TRANSPARENT LIGHT AND HEAT INSULATING WINDOW PANES AND snmws Filed Feb. 19, 195B Unite 3,642,561 TRANSPARENT LIGHT AND HEAT ENSULATDJG WlNDOW PANBIS AND SEHELDS Wasaku Ttwashita, 4396 l-Chome Daita, Setagaya-hu, Tokyo, Japan Filed Feb. 19, 1958, Ser. No. 716,092 3 Claims. (iii. 154-21) The present invention relates to transparent light and heat insulating window panes for buildings, rolling stock, ceiling windows for roofs, panes for show cases and for various other applications. Such light and heat insulating window panes are especially useful for motor cars, and one embodiment of the invention is a transparent glare shield which may be moved as desired within the motor car.
In order to exclude light, such as the glare from the sun and resulting heat from an inclosure, it has heretofore been the practice to employ opaque, translucent or transparent colored window panes or shields. While such panes or shields have the virtue of excluding the suns glare and a portion of the resulting heat, they present certain disadvantages. Opaque window panes obstruct the view, and opaque shields may obstruct the view in certain desired positions of the shields. Such obstructions are undesirable, and are dangerous in the case of motor cars. The same may be said of translucent panes or shields. Transparent colored panes or shields give an unnatural light within the enclosure and do not permit one within the inclosure to observe satisfactorily shading effects beyond the enclosure. This is undesirable and may be dangerous in operating motor cars.
For eliminating the above-mentioned disadvantages, the present invention provides a light and heat insulating, transparent window pane or shield, characterized in that a thin fabric having its warp and woof threads coated on one face of the fabric with a thin metallic film, is afiixed to a well-known transparent sheet. The fabric may be, for example silk, nylon, or the like, and the metallic film may be a thin film of aluminum which has especially high reflectivity. The well-known transparent sheet is glass, acrylic or other synthetic resins, or the like. With the metallic film surface being directed outwardly the glare and heat of the sun is reflected outwardly of the inclosure.
.The invention is illustrated by way of example in the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a broken elevation of a window, such as a side window of a motor car, constructed and arranged according to the invention, and
FIG. 2 is a broken elevation of a pivoted glare shield embodying the invention.
In the embodiment of the invention illustrated in FIG. 1, there is shown a pane 5 according to the invention, ewecially adapted for use in a motor car. The pane 5 is broken to illustrate the various layers of which it is composed. Thus, there is shown a layer 1 of a thin fabric, as silk, nylon or the like. The warp and Woof threads of the fabric layer are coated on one face of the fabric with a thin film 2 of a metal having high reflectivity, as aluminum. For simplicity, this coating is illustrated as an unbroken sheet of the metal. It is to be understood, however, that this coating is, in reality, a coating of each individual Warp thread and a coating of each individual woof thread on the indicated face of the fabric. Emphasis is placed upon the fact that the meshes between the threads are not clogged by the thin metal film.
It is preferred to coat the Warp and woof threads by means of the vacuum vaporization method wherein the fabric is moved over a crucible containing the molten metal under vacuum.
Patented July 3, L962 The prepared metal coated fabric is designated A. The coated fabric is laminated with a transparent sheet to form the pane or shield. Thus, the fabric A may be inserted between two commercially available transparent sheets 3 and 3 to form the final pane. Alternatively, the fabric A may be applied to a single sheet 3 and a known molten transparent material may be applied to the other face of the fabric A, the outer surface of this transparent material being then given a plane outer surface. Transparent adhesives may be optionally employed to attach the fabric to the sheets 3.
It may be here noted that, although the direction of the threads of the fabric A may be variously chosen with respect to the outline of the sheet 3, it is preferred to apply the fabric A with its threads on the bias. With this arrangement there are more opportunities for both warp and woo-f thread to receive rays of light.
In the form of the invention illustrated in FIG. 1, the pane is hermetically sealed peripherally by means of a frame 6. This affords protection to the metallic films 2, protecting them from deterioration due to the atmosphere. On the other hand, a protective film may be applied to the metal coated fabric by another vacuum vaporization process.
The glare shield illustrated in FIG. 2 is similarly formed. However, the glare shield is formed without the frame 6. Furthermore, it is pivoted in known manner within the inclosure for suitable positioning to prevent glare and directly radiated heat.
From the foregoing, it will be apparent that window panes and shields constructed according to the invention are transparent because the threads of the thin fabric are coated with a film of metal which does not clog the meshes between the threads. At the same time, both heat and light are reflected by the aluminum film on each thread of the fabric, so that little of either will enter the enclosure through the novel pane or shield.
By use of the invention, it is therefore possible to preserve a cool, glare-proof inclosure from which the eX- ternal surroundings may be clearly viewed.
What I claim is:
1. A light reflecting, heat insulating transparent laminate comprising at least a lamina of metal pre-coated formauious, thin, woven, non-metallic fabric and a lamina of transparent glass sheet material bonded thereto wherein the threads of said fabric have been individually pre-coated with metal by vacuum vaporization of said metal over and through the threads of said fabric causing deposition thereon thereby increasing the light reflecting and heat insulating qualities thereof while maintaining the foraminous character of said woven nonmetallic fabric.
2. The laminate of claim 1 wherein the metal is aluminum.
3. The laminate of claim 1 wherein the coated fabric is laminated between two sheets of transparent glass sheet material.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS (Addition to No. 1,012,497

Claims (1)

1. A LIGHT REFLECTING, HEAT INSULATING TRANSPARENT LAMINATE COMPRISING AT LEAST A LAMINA OF METAL PRE-COATED FORMANIOUS, THIN, WOVEN, NON-METALLIC FABRIC AND A LAMINA OF TRANSPARENT GLASS SHEET MATERIAL BONDED THERETO WHEREIN THE THREADS OF SAID FABRIC HAVE BEEN INDIVIDUALLY PRE-COATED WITH METAL BY VACUUM VAPORIZATION OF SAID METAL OVER AND THROUGH THE THREADS OF SAID FABRIC CAUSING DEPOSITION THEREON THEREBY INCREASING THE LIGHT REFLECTINGG AND HEAT INSULATING QUALITIES THEREOF WHILE MAINTAINING THE FORAMINOUS CHARACTER OF SAID WOVEN NONMETALLIC FABRIC.
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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3389951A (en) * 1963-07-01 1968-06-25 Gen Electric Diffuse reflector incorporating wire mesh structure
US3417794A (en) * 1967-05-01 1968-12-24 Stevens & Co Inc J P Shade screening
US3930091A (en) * 1972-09-13 1975-12-30 Kaiser Glass Fiber Corp Unidirectional webbing material
US3934065A (en) * 1973-08-01 1976-01-20 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Retroreflective sheet material
US4133574A (en) * 1976-10-26 1979-01-09 Martin Robert P Guard-cab for cold room
US4261649A (en) * 1979-05-03 1981-04-14 Joseph Richard Reflective sun screen
US5728632A (en) * 1988-03-24 1998-03-17 Sugie; Ryoichi Light intercepting net

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1488986A (en) * 1922-07-05 1924-04-01 William S Hood Light shield for automobiles
US2109558A (en) * 1934-07-05 1938-03-01 V N Barrington Sheet material and articles made therefrom
US2252715A (en) * 1940-04-26 1941-08-19 Inv S & Specialties Inc Glare shield structure for automobiles
FR1012497A (en) * 1949-10-17 1952-07-10 Improvements to devices preventing glare, in particular for automobile drivers
FR1029431A (en) * 1950-12-12 1953-06-02 Light attenuating filter
US2704730A (en) * 1953-08-14 1955-03-22 Glatt Herbert Semi-porous coated cloth and articles made therefrom
FR61322E (en) * 1951-01-31 1955-04-25 Improvements to devices preventing glare, in particular for automobile drivers
US2750321A (en) * 1951-09-04 1956-06-12 Raymond De Icer And Engineerin Antennas and material for fabrication thereof

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1488986A (en) * 1922-07-05 1924-04-01 William S Hood Light shield for automobiles
US2109558A (en) * 1934-07-05 1938-03-01 V N Barrington Sheet material and articles made therefrom
US2252715A (en) * 1940-04-26 1941-08-19 Inv S & Specialties Inc Glare shield structure for automobiles
FR1012497A (en) * 1949-10-17 1952-07-10 Improvements to devices preventing glare, in particular for automobile drivers
FR1029431A (en) * 1950-12-12 1953-06-02 Light attenuating filter
FR61322E (en) * 1951-01-31 1955-04-25 Improvements to devices preventing glare, in particular for automobile drivers
US2750321A (en) * 1951-09-04 1956-06-12 Raymond De Icer And Engineerin Antennas and material for fabrication thereof
US2704730A (en) * 1953-08-14 1955-03-22 Glatt Herbert Semi-porous coated cloth and articles made therefrom

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3389951A (en) * 1963-07-01 1968-06-25 Gen Electric Diffuse reflector incorporating wire mesh structure
US3417794A (en) * 1967-05-01 1968-12-24 Stevens & Co Inc J P Shade screening
US3930091A (en) * 1972-09-13 1975-12-30 Kaiser Glass Fiber Corp Unidirectional webbing material
US3934065A (en) * 1973-08-01 1976-01-20 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Retroreflective sheet material
US4133574A (en) * 1976-10-26 1979-01-09 Martin Robert P Guard-cab for cold room
US4261649A (en) * 1979-05-03 1981-04-14 Joseph Richard Reflective sun screen
US5728632A (en) * 1988-03-24 1998-03-17 Sugie; Ryoichi Light intercepting net

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