US3040701A - Apparatus for spray coating small articles with improved masking means - Google Patents

Apparatus for spray coating small articles with improved masking means Download PDF

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Publication number
US3040701A
US3040701A US822926A US82292659A US3040701A US 3040701 A US3040701 A US 3040701A US 822926 A US822926 A US 822926A US 82292659 A US82292659 A US 82292659A US 3040701 A US3040701 A US 3040701A
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Prior art keywords
coating
articles
tapes
spray
station
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US822926A
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Gerald D Minnick
Daniel G Molly
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Conforming Matrix Corp
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Conforming Matrix Corp
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
    • H01L21/06—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising selenium or tellurium in uncombined form other than as impurities in semiconductor bodies of other materials
    • H01L21/14—Treatment of the complete device, e.g. by electroforming to form a barrier
    • H01L21/145—Ageing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B12/00—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area
    • B05B12/16—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area for controlling the spray area
    • B05B12/20—Masking elements, i.e. elements defining uncoated areas on an object to be coated
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C17/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing resistors
    • H01C17/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing resistors adapted for manufacturing resistors with envelope or housing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G13/00—Apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing capacitors; Processes specially adapted for manufacturing capacitors not provided for in groups H01G4/00 - H01G11/00

Definitions

  • Electrodes such as capacitors, diodes, fuses, resistors and transistors
  • coating compounds which are cured to form coverings that are resistant to heat and to abrasion.
  • Selenium diodes for example, have electrical characteristics which vary with light intensity and are, therefore, coated with an encapsulating resinous composition, such as an epoxy compound.
  • the coating must be so applied as to completely form a light seal. Furthermore, the coating must be very accurately applied to only the diode and very small portions of its lead wires. Otherwise, excess coating causes cracking of the coating when the wires are bent for insertion in a printed circuit board and interferes with soldering.
  • Fuses, capacitors, resistors and transistors are coded with color bands that are protected against abrasion by means of a clear coating. All of these electrical components are small and are manufactured in great numbers. This has created problems as to the handling of these components and as to the application of these coatings.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide, in apparatus for spray coating small articles, improved masking means for accurately confining the coatings to selected parts only of the articles.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide, in apparatus for spray coating small articles, improved means for causing the coatings to be so applied as to completely and evenly cover the surfaces which it is desired to coat.
  • Still another object of the invention is to provide automatically operable apparatus for rapidly applying coating compounds to small articles.
  • Another object is to provide, in apparatus for spray coating small articles, improved means for handling such articles.
  • a further object is to provide apparatus for applying coating compounds to small articles, such as electrical and electronic components,while they are in curing racks.
  • Another object is to provide a method for applying coating compounds to small articles, such as electrical and electronic components, while they are in curing racks.
  • apparatus and a method are provided for automatically and rapidly applying coating compounds to small articles, such as electrical and electronic components, while they are in curing racks. This saves the step of transferring coated articles to such racks prior to a curing operation.
  • the loaded racks are moved through a spray station wherein selected parts only of the articles are sprayed through masking means with the coating compound.
  • the masking means is one of the important features of the apparatus; it includes two accurately spaced perforated tapes and a drive for the tapes which continuously moves the spaced tapes through the spray station in positions juxtaposed to the articles to be sprayed.
  • the articles are dml Patented .lune 26, 196.?
  • Another important feature of the spray coating apparatus resides in a unique spinner mechanism which rotates the articles in the racks while they are being sprayed. This insures that the coatings are applied completely and evenly.
  • the spray coating apparatus is completely automatic.
  • Racks carrying the articles to be coated move through the machine and the racks emerge from the machine with the articles evenly coated without the need for an operator to handle the articles or to perform any of the conveying, masking, spraying and spinning operations.
  • FiG. I is an elevational view of the spray coating machine of the invention.
  • FIG. II is a plan View of the machine as seen from a position along the line lI-'-ll of FIG. l;
  • FIG. Ill is an enlarged, vertical sectional view taken substantially along the line lll-'III of FIG. II;
  • FlG. ⁇ IV is a vertical sectional View taken along the line lV-lV of FIG. Ill;
  • FIG. V is a vertical sectional view taken along the line .V-V of FIG. lll;
  • FIG. VI is an enlarged, fragmentary elevational view of a curing rack as seen from a position along the line VI-Vl of FIG. Il;
  • FIG. Vil is a schematic pneumatic diagram showing the operation of the machine.
  • the spray coating machine includes a cabinet l. which comprises a pair of spaced plates 2 forming its top.
  • the plates 2 define a longitudinally 'extending slot 3 through the center of the cabinet top.
  • cabinet top supports a plurality of blocks 4 that are spaced along its entire length and that extend transversely to the longitudinal slot 3.
  • Atop the blocks 4 are mounted two spaced and longitudinally extending angle members 5, the space between the angle members 5 being directly above the slot 3 ⁇ in the cabinet top and being of about thel same Width as the slot 3 (FIG. lll).
  • Each of the angle members ⁇ 5 includes a vertical leg 6 and a horizontal way 7 and together the angle members 5 forms a stationary track.
  • a gravity fed, baking rack magazine 8 ⁇ is supported atop the pair of angle members 5; it includes four angle members 9y standing on end and secured to the angle members 5 and to the adjacent blocks 4., each of the angle members 9 forming a corner of the magazine 8 which is rectangularly shaped. Straps 16 about threesides of the magazine 'd give it rigidity.
  • Baking racks 11 are loaded into the open top of the magazine 8 and are stacked ⁇ one on top of each other as shown in FIG. I. 'Each of the racks lil includes a pair of angle members ,12 (FIG. Ill) lwhich are held together in spaced relationship by means of rivets 13 each surrounded by a spacer 14 and which are oriented to t loosely in the stationary track provided by the angle members 5 as shown in FIG. lll.
  • An air cylinder 15 which is hung from the plates 2 of the cabinet top is operatively connected by means of an arm 16 to a pusher 17 and functions to reciprocate the pusher 17 which rits in the stationary track provided by the anglek members 5 in the same manner as the baking racks.
  • the arm 16 Ieciprocates inthe slot 3 in the cabinet top.
  • the broken lines to the left of the pusher 17 in FIG. I indicate that it has started moving to the right.
  • the pusher 17 pushes the bottom one of the baking racks 11 in the magazine ⁇ 8 out of the magazine members S and that rack pushes its neighbor along and so on, the vertical legs 6 ofthe angle members 5 keeping the rackssll in a straight row as they proceed through the machine.
  • Each time the pusher 17 moves to the left, it permits a rack 11 to 'fallrunder the influence of gravity from the open bottom of theepklagazine S onto the stationary track.
  • the coating must be applied evenly and completely to the glass cylinder including all of the concave surfaces at its ends to form a light seal, but mustnot 'be applied to very much of the lead wires adjacent the glass cylinder.
  • An ideal coating extends from the glass cylinder out along the lead wires 19 a length oi labout one-sixteenth ⁇ of an inch. -If too much of the lead Wires is'coated, the coating will crack when the wires are bent for insertion in a printed circuit board and it interferes with soldering.
  • the diodes 1S are loaded intoV the racks by placing them in notches 20 (FIG. VI) in the vertical legs of the rack angle members 12. p
  • angle members 21 Atop the blocks 4 andadjacent the angle members 5 which form the stationary track are mounted two spaced and longitudinally extending angle members 21 each of which includes a vertical leg ZZ (FIG. III) and a horizontal leg '23.
  • the rear one ofthe angle members 21 as viewed in FIG. II is in one piece and extends from the magazine 8 to the discharge or right end of the machine.
  • the front one of the angle members 21 is in two sections 24V one of which extends from the magazine 8 to a spray station 25 -and the other one of which extends from the spray station 25 to the discharge end of the machine, the ends of the section 2,4 at..the spray station25 being spaced apart as shown in FIG. II.
  • Thev angle members 21 function as guide rails for the diodes 18, the vertical legs ZZ'of the angle members Z1 contacting the tips oi the lead wires 19 of the diodes and preventing lateral shifting of the diodes as they are conveyed along the stationary track.
  • One of the angle members 21 can be seen in FIG. III contacting the right hand lead wire19.
  • the Vother one of the angle members Z1 Y cannot be seen in FIG. III because FIG. III is a section taken through the area in which the ends of the sections 2.4 of the front one of the angle members 211 are spaced apart. Means, hereinafter described, lare utilized to prevent lateral shifting of the diodes 18 to the left in the spray station 2S as viewed in FIG. III.
  • a pair of angle members 26 each having a foot 27 (FIG. II) is mounted by means of the feet atop the plates Z of the cabinet top at the spray station 25.
  • a third air blast sprayer or ordinary spray gun 33 is mounted on an inverted L-shaped rod 34 yatop the cabinet 1 at the discharge end of the cabinet; it functions to spray one end only oct the diode lead wires with a compound by means' of which one end of each of the diodes later can be identified ⁇ from the other, the diodes being sent through the machine in a particular end orientation.
  • the three spray guns, 29 and 33 are turned on and olf automatically by means including an explosion-proof normally open micro switch 35 having an operating roller arm 36, that isY operated by the baking racks 11.
  • the upper edges of the racks 11 function as cams, each end of Y'each of the racks 11 having a dwell portion 37 and each of the racks 11 having a high or operating portion 33 between its dwell portions.
  • rI he notches 20 in the racksV 11 which carry thediodes tol be coated are located along the operating portions V38 only.
  • the spray coating machine resides in its masking means for accurately conlining the coating to selected parts only of the electrical or electronic components.
  • selected parts include Yall of the glass cylinder of each of the diodes, including the concave surfaces at the ends, but konly about one-sixteenth of an inch of each of the lead wires 19 adjacent such cylinder.
  • the masking means includes a pair of paper tapes 39 each of which hasV a series of perforations 40 along an edge and which resemble motion picture film. In fact, motion picture lm could be substituted, except for its high cost, for the tapes 39.
  • the tapes 39 are supplied to the machine from rolls on reels 41 which are rotatably mounted, slightly spaced Yapart and side by side on a shaft 42 which extends between the upper ends of the angle members 26. Only one of the reels 41 can be seen in FIG. Ibut they are identical; their spacing is indicated by the space between the tapes 39 shown in FIG. III.
  • the tapes 39 are drawn from the reels 41 slow enough and theretis enough friction at the reels 41 to prevent overrunV of the reels caused by inertia.
  • the tapes 39 are so oriented -as shown in FIG.V III that the series of perforatons V40 Von each of the tapes is remote from the spiaceY which separates the tapes.
  • Eachof the tapes 39 is pulled from its reel 41 by means of a drive sprocket 43 theteeth of which mesh with the perforations 40 ⁇ in the tape.
  • the drive sprockets 43 are mounted side by side on a common shaft 44 so that they turn as one.
  • a timing gear SZ is secured to the end of the shaft 50 and it is located in an opening 53 in one of the plates 2.
  • timing belts 54 and 5S and their associated gears provide suitable speed reduction. It is immaterial just what ⁇ drive system is employed as long as some means is provided for turning the drive sprockets 43 in a direction to move the tapes 39 to the right as viewed in FIG. II. The speed of the drive should be -adjustable so that minimum amounts of the tapes are used up while still producing work of the highest quality. Means for adjusting the speed of the air motor 57 will be described hereinafter.
  • Each of the tapes 39 is kept from coming of or its drive sprocket 43 by means of a hold down member 59 (FIG. IV) which bears upon the tape at the drive sprocket.
  • One of the hold down members 59* is secured to a rod 60 (FIG. IV) which is held in a notch 61 in the bottom of a clamp 62 and against the top of the bearing block 46.
  • the clamp 62 is held in place by means of a screw 631; when the screw 63 is loosened the rod 60 can be pivoted about its axis to adjust the pressure of the hold down member 59 on the tape 39.
  • An opening 64 in the hold down member 59 allows the teeth on the drive sprocket 43 to turn freely.
  • the other one of the hold down members 59 (FIG. I) is adjustably mounted in a similar manner from the bearing block 45 by means including a rod 65 and a clamp 66 (FIG. I). Both of the hold down members 59 are identical in structure and in function.
  • the tapes 39 are pulled downwardly from their reels 41 in a vertical direction.
  • Each of the tapes 39 is guided over an idler pulley 67 one of which is rotatably mounted on the end of an arm 68 that is secured to a shaft 69 journaled in the bearing block 51 and the other one of which is rotatably mounted on the end of an arm 70 that is secured to a shaft 71 journaled in a bearing block 72 atop the cabinet l.
  • the idler pulleys 67 bear upon the tapes 39 under the influence of gravity to keep the tapes tracking as they leave the reels '41 in the paths indicated in FIG. I.
  • the idler pulleys 67 can be spring urged against the tapes if this is found necessary.
  • Each of the tapes 39 then is guided over an idler pulley 73 ⁇ which are both rotatably mounted side by side on a common shaft 74 Iwhich extends between the bearing blocks 51 and 72'.
  • the pair of idler pulleys 67 is located on the opposite sides of the tapes V39 to the pair of idler pulleys 73.
  • Each of the tapes 39 then is guided over a. guide sprocket 75 one of which is secured to a shaft 76 journaled in the bearing block 46 and the other one of which is secured to a shaft 77 journaled in the bearing block 45.
  • the tapes 39 between the idler pulleys 73 ⁇ and the guide sprockets '75 are maintained in straight horizontal runs slightly spaced from the upper surfaces of the baking racks 11 and juxtaposed as best shown in FIGS. III and IV to the diodes 18 in the spray station 25.
  • the guns 29 spray the coating compound through a space 78 between the continuously moving tapes 39,
  • the tapes masking most of the diode lead wires 19 fromk the spray.
  • An adjustment of the width of the space 78 and the positions of the guns 29 varies the extent to which the lead wires 19 are coated.
  • the tapes 39 are moved continuously to prevent any substantial build up of coating material on the tapes so that sharp masking edges are provided.
  • the tapes 39 are not moved as fast as the baking racks 11.
  • the speed of the tapes 39 is simply kept as low as possible consistent with the production of high quality work to keep tape usage at a minimum. There is thus provided a masking means of low cost that is continuously renewed and which is accurately located in the spray station 25 to produce high quality Work consistently, reproducibly and automatically.
  • the guide sprockets are offset from the drive sprockets 43l to an extent such that only the teeth of the guide sprockets contact the tapes 39.
  • the upper surfaces of the tapes 39 at their edges along the space between the tapes are wet with the ⁇ coating compound when the tapes reach the guide sprockets 75.
  • the guide sprockets stay free of coating compound which otherwise would soon build up and render them inoperative.
  • the perforations 4t) in the tapes 39 also are very important. For one thing, it is by means of the perforations that accurate lateral alignment of the tapes through the spray station -25 is maintained. For another thing, it is possible by means of the perforations and the guide sprockets 75 which cooperate therewith to keep the tapes close to the diodes 18 in the spray station 25 without the wet coating getting on the guide sprockets as hereinbefore described.
  • the spinner mechanism includes a pair of bearing blocks '79 carried by the left hand one of the Plates 2 of the cabinet top as viewed in FIG. III one of which blocks is provided with bearings 8G that journal a drive shaft S1 Which extends from the bearing block on both of its sides.
  • a timing gear 82 On the left hand end of the drive shaft 81 as seen in FIG. III there is secured a timing gear 82 which is located in an opening 83 in such left hand one of the plates 2; it is driven by means of a timing belt 84 that runs on a small timing gear 815 which turns as one with a large timing gear 86- that in turn is driven by means of a rotary positive displacement air motor 87 through a timing belt 88.
  • the several timing belts 84 and 88 and their associatedk gears provide suitable.
  • a timing gear 819 On the right hand end of the drive shaft 81 as seen in FIG. III there is secured a timing gear 819.
  • a shaft 90 is journaled in the right hand one of the bearing blocks 79 as W'ewed in FIG. V, there being an idle-r timing gear 91 secured to the free end of the shaft 99.
  • the shafts 81 and 99 are in horizontal alignment and the gears S9 and 91 are of the same size.
  • a spinner timing belt 92 runs around the timing gears S9 and 91 and is located in the spray station 25 at an elevation to contact the underneath surfaces of the diode lead wires 19 as they are moved through the spray station.
  • a shoe 93 by means including four screws 94 two of which are threaded into the top of one of the bearing blocks 79 and two of which are threaded into the top of the other one of the bearing blocks 79.
  • Lock nuts 95 hold the screws 94 in adjusted positions.
  • the shoe 93 bears on a pair of nuts 96 on the two screws 94 remote from the tapes 39 and is held in such position by means of two nuts 97 on the other screws 94.
  • the shoe 93 can be raised or lowered by adjusting the nuts 96 and 97.
  • the shoe 93 has a loose tit on the screws 94, it can be tilted in several directions by adjusting the nuts 96 and 97.
  • the right hand side of the shoe 93 can be raised or lowered with respect to its left hand side and, as viewed in FIG. V, one end of the shoe 93 can be raised or lowered with respect to the other.Y
  • the shoe 93 includes an angle member 9S secured to its free end and a resilient member 99, vmadeof material such as rubber, secured to the angle member 98.
  • angle member 98 fills in the space between the sections 24 of the angle members 21 as shown in FIG. V, and can befpictured as a part of the ⁇ sections 24, since it has the same function.Y That is, the angle members 21 as hereinbefore described function as guide rails for the diodes 18, the vertical legs 22 of the angle members 21 contacting the tips-of the'diode lead Wires 19 and preventing lateralshifting of the diodes as they are conveyed along the stationary track. In the spray station 25, as shown in FIGS. III and V, lateral shifting'of the diodes 18 tothe left as viewed in FIG. III is prevented by contact of the tips of the diode lead wires 19 with the lower margin of the vertical portion of the Vangle member 98.
  • the distance between the angle mem-bers 21 is varied to accommodate articles to be coated of various sizes. Any such adjustment of the positions of the sections 24 of the angle members 2 1 requires a like adjustment of the positions of the spinner bearing blocks 79 to locate the angle member 98 in alignment with such sections 24.
  • the spray coatingY apparatus - is completely automatic. Baking Vracks carrying the articles to be coated ⁇ move through the machine and the racks emerge from the machine With the articles evenly coated ready to be put into an oven VWithout Ithe need for anV operator to handle the articles or to perform any of the conveying, masking,
  • One of thefeatures resides in the method of-coating the articles While they are in the baking racks. This eliminates the stepof transferring coated articles to such racks prior to the baking process.
  • compressed air is supplied to the machine from ⁇ a suitable source .through aline 101 which takes the air through a valve 102 and a iilter 103. Clean air ows'through a line 104 from the lter towsupply pressure to' tanks 105,106 and 107'. Pressure in the tanks is regulated by means of regulators 108 controlled by knobs 109 and connected to gauges 110.
  • Tanks 105 and 106 contain coating compound which is supplied under pressure to the guns 29 'as' is indicated by the arrows at the 'bottoms of the tanks and by the arrows at the nozzles of the guns.
  • Tank 1417 contains coating compound which is supplied'under pres'- sure to lthe gun 33 as is indicated by the arrow at the bottom of the tank andY by the arrow at the nozz-le of the gun.
  • the valve 111 is normally held closed by means of a spring 112 and isopened by means of air flow from a line 113.
  • -A pilot -valve which is operated by air in one direction and by a spring in the other direction is shown in detail .in-FIG. VI in U.S. Patent No. 2,795,206 issued on June ll, Y1957 to E. L. lElaber;V
  • valve 111 When the valve 111 is open, clean air from the line 104 passes through the valve 111 and through the line 114 4to the guns-29 and 33.
  • This -air is both trigger air and atomizing air andits pressure is regulated for each of the guns by fmeans of air regulators 11d controlled by knobs 117 and connected to gauges 118.V Y s Y Y Air also owssfrom the clilter 103.through a line 119 to :an air regulator controlled by a knob 121 and connected to a gauge 122 from whence it flows to an air line lubricator 123.
  • Vair flows through a line 124 to a normal-ly closed, 3-Way solenoid operated valve 125 (explosion proof).
  • 'Ihe valve 125 is normally held closed by means of a spring 126. and is openedV by means of a solenoid ⁇ 127 which is an electrical circuitwith the micro-switch 3S.
  • the 3-way valve 12S is like the 3-way pilot valve 111 except whereas the pilot valve111 is air operated the 3-way valve 12S issolenod operated. When a manually operated main switch 128 in the ⁇ electrical circuit is closed.
  • the Voperated coilh of the solenoid 127 is energized and the normally ⁇ closed 3way valve 125 is opened. Airthenflows from the valve 12S through the line 113 to 'the normally closed valve 111 which ⁇ is thereupon opened to admittheclean from the line V104 to the guns 29i and 33. When thevalve 125 is closed, air exhausts from the line 113 through a valve port 129. Hence, whenever a baking rack 11 closes the micro-switch 5 35 all three of the guns spray for as long as the ⁇ microswitchSS is held closed.. The guns can bestopped at any time by either removing the baking rack Whichhappens to be' holding the micro-switch 35 closed or by opening the main switch128,
  • Air also ilows through the line 124 to ⁇ ⁇ the rotary positive displacement air motors 57 and 87.
  • the speeds of the motors 57 and 87 are varied by means of valves 130 which adjustably restrict the flow of air to the motors.
  • the valves 130 are controlled by means of manually operated knobs 131. s
  • Air also ows through the line 124 to a pair of identical, normally closed, S-waytvalves 132.
  • the valves 132 are normally-held closed by means of springs133 and are opened by means of mechanically operated rollers 134.
  • the 3-way valves 132 are like the 3-way pilot valve 111, except whereas the pilot valve 111 is air operated the 3- wayrvalves 132 are mechanically operated.
  • left hand valve 132 as viewed in FIG. VII is open, vair from the line 124 ows through such valve and vthrough the line135 to one side of a 4-way valve 139.
  • the rollers 134 of the valves 132 are operated by means ⁇ of a cam 140 whichis carried by the piston rod 141 of the vair cylinder 15.
  • One of the rollers 134 is operated by the cam 140 at one end of the stroke of the pistonrod 141 to open momentarily its normally closed valve 132 and the other one of the rollers 134 is operated by the cam 140 at the other end of the stroke of the piston rod 141 to open momentarily itsnormally closed valve 132.
  • Opening of the valves-132 causes reversal of the piston rod 141 and the length of the piston rods stroke is varied by changing the distance between the valves 132.
  • Air to Voperate the cylinder 15 is admitted to the 4-wayva1ve ,139 Vfrom' a manually operated 3-way valve 142 which receives air from the lubricator 123 the opening and closing of which 75 valve 142 starts and stops operation of the cylinder 15.
  • a coating station for coating selected portions of small articles, such as electrical and electronic components, in combination, a coating station, a track through the coating station, a plurality of racks each for carrying a group of the articles and each including came means, means for moving the racks and the articles carried thereby along the tracks through the coating station, masking means for confining coatings to the selected portions of the articles, means for moving the masking means through the coating station adjacent the articles in the coating station, means for rotating the articles in the racks While the rack are in the coating station, coating means so located in the coating station as to direct coating compound through the masking means onto the selected portions of the articles While the articles are being rotated in and moved through the coating station and while the masking means is being moved through the coating station, and means responsive to said cani means for automatically turning the coating means on whenever the articles are moved past the coating means and for automatically turning the coating means on whenever the articles cease being moved past the coating means.
  • a coating station for coating selected portions of small articles, such as electrical and electronic components, in combination, a coating station, a track through the coating station, a gravity fed magazine located above the track, a plurality of racks each for carrying a group of the ⁇ articles and each including cam means and which are loaded into the magazine, means for moving the racks out of the magazine and along the track through the coating station, masking means for conining coating to the selected portions of tbe articles, means for moving the masking means through the coating station adjacent the articles in the coating station, means for rotating the articles in the racks while the racks are in the coating station, coating means so located in the coating station as to direct coating compound through the masking means onto the selected portions of the articles While the articles are -being rotated in and moved through the coating station and While the masking means is being moved through the coating station, and means responsive to said cam means for Y 10 a f automatically turning vthe coating means on whenever the articles are moved past the coating means and for automatically turning the coating means oi whenever the Varticles
  • a machine for coating selected portions of small articles such as velectrical and electronic components, in combination, a coating station, a track through the coating station, a plurality of racks each ⁇ 'for carrying a group of the articles and each including ca m means, each rack having a series of notches in which are articles are carried and in which the articles are freely rotatable, means for moving the racks and the articles carried thereby along the track through the coating station, masking means for conning coating to the selected portions of the articles, means for moving the masking means through the coating station adjacent the articles in the coating station, means for rotating the articles in the racks vvhile the racks are in the coating station, coating means so located in the coating station as to direct coating compound through the masking means onto the selected portions of the articles While the articles are being rotated in and moved through the coating station and ⁇ While the masking means is being moved through the coating station, and means responsive to said cam means for automatically turning the coating means on Whenever the articles are moved past the coating means and for automatically turning the
  • a spray station means for moving the articles through the spray station, a pair of tapes for confining coatings to the selected portions of the articles, a series of perforations along a margin of each of the tapes, supply means for supplying the tapes to the machine in an orientation in which the tapes are separated by a space and in which the perforations are remote from such space, drive sprocket means which cooperate with the perforations in the tapes for pulling the tapes from the tape supply means through the spray station adjacent the'articles in the spray station, means for driving said sprocket means, idler guide sprocket means at the spray station having teeth which cooperate with the perforations in the tapes for maintaining lateral alignment of the tapes through vthe spray station, the guide sprocket means being so offset from the tapes that the tapes contact only the teeth of the guide sprocket means, means for rotating the articles while they are in the spray station
  • a machine for coating selected portions of articles comprising, in combination, coating means, conveying means for moving the articles past the coating means, means for varying the speed of the conveying means, masking means for confining coating to the selected portions of the articles, mask driving means for moving the masking means past the coating means adjacent the articles being moved past the coating means, means for varying the speed of the mask driving means, spinner means for rotating the article while they are moved past the coating means, means for varying the speed of the spinner means, the coating means being so oriented as to direct coating compound through the masking means onto the selected portions of the articles while the articles are being rotated, and means for automatically turning the coating means on whenever articles are moved past the coating means and for automatically turning the coating means .1 1 oit whenever articles cease being moved past the coating means.
  • coating station means comprising a plurality of racks each for moving a group ofthe articles through the coating station in a substantially horizontal path and each'including cam means, means for rotating the articles in the racks While the racks arev in the coating station, coating means for applying coating compound to the rotating Iarticles in the coating station, and means responsive to said cam meansV for automatically turning the coating means on whenever the articles ⁇ aremoved past the coating means and for automatically turning the coating means oi whenever the articles cease being moved past the coating means.
  • a' spray station In a machine for spray coating selected portions of small articles, in combination, a' spray station, conveyor means for moving the articles through the spray,
  • masking means 'for conning coatings to the selected portions of the articles means for movingfthe masking meansV through the spray station adjacent the articles in thespray station, means in the spray station, including a stationary shoe and a'moving belt between which portions of the articles are passed, for rotating the articles While they are moved through the spray station, and means for spraying coating compound through the masking means onto the selected portions of the Y articles while the articles arebeing rotated.
  • a spray station in combination, a spray station, meansl for moving articles through the spray station, a pair of tapes for conlining coatings to selected'portions of the articles, a series of perforations along a margin of each of the tapes, supply means for mpplying the tapes lto the machine in an orientation in which ythe tapes are separated by a space and in which the perforations are remote rom such space, drive sprocket means which cooperate with the perforations in the ⁇ tapes for pulling the tapes from the tape supply means through the spray station adjacent -the articles in the spraystation, means for driving said sprocket means, idler guide sprocket means at the spray station having teeth which cooperate with -the perforations in the tapes 8.
  • a spray station In a machine for spray coating selected portions of Y' small articles, in combination, a spray station, conveyor means for moving the articles through the spray station, masking means for coniining coatings to the selected portions of the articles, means for moving the masking means through the spray station adjacent the articles in the spray station, means in the spray station,
  • ⁇ spray station guide means in the spray station for preventing lateral shifting ofthe articles -as they are moved through the spray station, a second stationary shoe transversely spaced from the first shoe relative to the path of the articlesrthrough the spray station for holding the articles in the conveyor means as they are rotated, and means for spraying coating compound through the masking means onto the selected portions ofthe articles while the articles are being rotated inrand moved through the spray station and While the masking means is being moved through the spray station.
  • a spray station in combina-tion, means for vmoving articles to be coated through the spray station, a tape for conning coatings to certain areas, a series of perforations in the-tape, tape supply means, drive sprocket means which cooperates with for maintaining lateral alignment of the tapes through the spray station, the lguide sprocket means being so oiset from the ytapes that Athe tapes contact only the teeth of the guide sprocket means, and spraying means so located in the spray station as to direct coating compound through the space between the tapes onto the selected portions of the articles, said contact of the teeth only of the guide sprocket means 'with the tapes keeping the guide sprocket means free of coating compound with which the tapes are Wet at the spray station.

Description

June 26, 1962 G. D. MlNNlcK ETAL 3,040,701
v APPARATUS FOR SPRAY COATING SMALL ARTICLES WITH IMPRovED MASKING MEANS 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed June 25, 1959 INVENTORS GERALD D. MINNICK DANIEL G. MOLLY ATTORNEYS June 26, 1962 G. D. MlNNlcK ETAL 3,040,701
APPARATUS FOR SPRAY COATING SMALL ARTICLES WITH IMPROVED MASKING MEANS Filed June 25, 1959 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 ATTORNEYS R w ro :I
.J A R rO o 9T .f S
.L INVENToRs l Q GERALD o. MINNICK uw# BY DANIEL @.MOLLY l /ln Wwwfw June 26, 1962 G. D. MlNNlcK ETAL 3,040,701
APPARATUS vFOR SPRAY coATING SMALL ARTICLES f WITH TMPRovED MASKING MEANS Filed June 25, 1959 5 sheets-sheet S UUEIEIECIDD DUDDDEIUDEIUDDE INVENTORS GERALD D. MINNICK DANIEL G. MOLLY ATTORNEYS June 26, 1962 s. D. MINNICK ETAL 3,040,701
APPARATUS FOR SPRAY COATING SMALL ARTICLES WITH IMPROVED MASKING MEANS 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 VJ JNVENTORS Filed June 25, 1959 GERALD D. MINNICK BY DANIEL G. MOLLY 4? ATTO NEYS June26, 1962 G. D. MINNICK ETAL A 3,040,701
APPARATUS RoR SPRAY COATTNG SMALL ARTICLES WITH TMPRovED MASKTNG MEANS Filed June 25, 1959 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTORS GERALD D. MINNICK DANIEL G. MOLLY ATTORNEYS Gerald D. Minnie-lr and Daniel G. Molly, Toledo, (Ehio, assignors to Conforming Matrix Corporation, Toledo, Ohio, a corporation of @hic Filed .lune 2S, 1959, Ser. No. 822326 Claims. (Cl. 11S- 7) This invention relates to coating machines.
Electrical and electronic components, such as capacitors, diodes, fuses, resistors and transistors, are covered With coating compounds which are cured to form coverings that are resistant to heat and to abrasion. Selenium diodes, for example, have electrical characteristics which vary with light intensity and are, therefore, coated with an encapsulating resinous composition, such as an epoxy compound. The coating must be so applied as to completely form a light seal. Furthermore, the coating must be very accurately applied to only the diode and very small portions of its lead wires. Otherwise, excess coating causes cracking of the coating when the wires are bent for insertion in a printed circuit board and interferes with soldering. Fuses, capacitors, resistors and transistors, for example, are coded with color bands that are protected against abrasion by means of a clear coating. All of these electrical components are small and are manufactured in great numbers. This has created problems as to the handling of these components and as to the application of these coatings.
It is, accordingly, the principal object of this invention to provide apparatus for rapidly applying coating cornpounds to small articles, such as electrical and electronic components.
Another object of the invention is to provide, in apparatus for spray coating small articles, improved masking means for accurately confining the coatings to selected parts only of the articles.
A further object of the invention is to provide, in apparatus for spray coating small articles, improved means for causing the coatings to be so applied as to completely and evenly cover the surfaces which it is desired to coat.
Still another object of the invention is to provide automatically operable apparatus for rapidly applying coating compounds to small articles.
Another object is to provide, in apparatus for spray coating small articles, improved means for handling such articles.
A further object is to provide apparatus for applying coating compounds to small articles, such as electrical and electronic components,while they are in curing racks.
Another object is to provide a method for applying coating compounds to small articles, such as electrical and electronic components, while they are in curing racks.
Gther objects and advantages will be apparent from the following description in which reference is had to the accompanying drawings.
According to the invention, apparatus and a method are provided for automatically and rapidly applying coating compounds to small articles, such as electrical and electronic components, while they are in curing racks. This saves the step of transferring coated articles to such racks prior to a curing operation.
The loaded racks are moved through a spray station wherein selected parts only of the articles are sprayed through masking means with the coating compound. The masking means is one of the important features of the apparatus; it includes two accurately spaced perforated tapes and a drive for the tapes which continuously moves the spaced tapes through the spray station in positions juxtaposed to the articles to be sprayed. The articles are dml Patented .lune 26, 196.?
f rice sprayed through the space between the tapes which conne the coatings to selected parts only of the articles.
Another important feature of the spray coating apparatus resides in a unique spinner mechanism which rotates the articles in the racks while they are being sprayed. This insures that the coatings are applied completely and evenly.
The spray coating apparatus is completely automatic. Racks carrying the articles to be coated move through the machine and the racks emerge from the machine with the articles evenly coated without the need for an operator to handle the articles or to perform any of the conveying, masking, spraying and spinning operations.
A preferred embodiment is illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
in the drawings:
FiG. I is an elevational view of the spray coating machine of the invention;
FIG. II is a plan View of the machine as seen from a position along the line lI-'-ll of FIG. l;
FIG. Ill is an enlarged, vertical sectional view taken substantially along the line lll-'III of FIG. II;
FlG. `IV is a vertical sectional View taken along the line lV-lV of FIG. Ill;
FIG. V is a vertical sectional view taken along the line .V-V of FIG. lll;
FIG. VI is an enlarged, fragmentary elevational view of a curing rack as seen from a position along the line VI-Vl of FIG. Il; and
FIG. Vil is a schematic pneumatic diagram showing the operation of the machine.
These specific figures are intended merely to illustrate the invention but not necessarily to limit its scope.
The spray coating machine includes a cabinet l. which comprises a pair of spaced plates 2 forming its top. The plates 2 define a longitudinally 'extending slot 3 through the center of the cabinet top. rllhe cabinet top supports a plurality of blocks 4 that are spaced along its entire length and that extend transversely to the longitudinal slot 3. Atop the blocks 4 are mounted two spaced and longitudinally extending angle members 5, the space between the angle members 5 being directly above the slot 3` in the cabinet top and being of about thel same Width as the slot 3 (FIG. lll). Each of the angle members `5 includes a vertical leg 6 and a horizontal way 7 and together the angle members 5 forms a stationary track.
A gravity fed, baking rack magazine 8` is supported atop the pair of angle members 5; it includes four angle members 9y standing on end and secured to the angle members 5 and to the adjacent blocks 4., each of the angle members 9 forming a corner of the magazine 8 which is rectangularly shaped. Straps 16 about threesides of the magazine 'd give it rigidity.
Baking racks 11 are loaded into the open top of the magazine 8 and are stacked `one on top of each other as shown in FIG. I. 'Each of the racks lil includes a pair of angle members ,12 (FIG. Ill) lwhich are held together in spaced relationship by means of rivets 13 each surrounded by a spacer 14 and which are oriented to t loosely in the stationary track provided by the angle members 5 as shown in FIG. lll. An air cylinder 15 which is hung from the plates 2 of the cabinet top is operatively connected by means of an arm 16 to a pusher 17 and functions to reciprocate the pusher 17 which rits in the stationary track provided by the anglek members 5 in the same manner as the baking racks. The arm 16 Ieciprocates inthe slot 3 in the cabinet top. The broken lines to the left of the pusher 17 in FIG. I indicate that it has started moving to the right. Each time the pusher 17 moves to the right, it pushes the bottom one of the baking racks 11 in the magazine `8 out of the magazine members S and that rack pushes its neighbor along and so on, the vertical legs 6 ofthe angle members 5 keeping the rackssll in a straight row as they proceed through the machine. Each ,time the pusher 17 moves to the left, it permits a rack 11 to 'fallrunder the influence of gravity from the open bottom of theepklagazine S onto the stationary track. Y j Y 4 Y v After the racks 11 are pushed out of themagazine 3 they are loaded either Aby machine or by hand with the articles to -be/coated. Alternatively, before the racks l1l are loaded into the magazine S, the articles tobe coated are loaded into the racks; this requires guide straps on the magazine in position to keep the articles from shifting sideways in the racks as the racks drop in the magazine. These guide straps are adjustable to accommodate articlesto be coated of various sizes. These articles, as an exemplieation only, are electrical and electronic components, such as capacitors, diodes, fuses and resistors.
resinous composition, such as an epoxy compound whichA is cured by baking. The coating must be applied evenly and completely to the glass cylinder including all of the concave surfaces at its ends to form a light seal, but mustnot 'be applied to very much of the lead wires adjacent the glass cylinder. An ideal coating extends from the glass cylinder out along the lead wires 19 a length oi labout one-sixteenth `of an inch. -If too much of the lead Wires is'coated, the coating will crack when the wires are bent for insertion in a printed circuit board and it interferes with soldering. The diodes 1S are loaded intoV the racks by placing them in notches 20 (FIG. VI) in the vertical legs of the rack angle members 12. p
Atop the blocks 4 andadjacent the angle members 5 which form the stationary track are mounted two spaced and longitudinally extending angle members 21 each of which includes a vertical leg ZZ (FIG. III) and a horizontal leg '23. The rear one ofthe angle members 21 as viewed in FIG. II is in one piece and extends from the magazine 8 to the discharge or right end of the machine. The front one of the angle members 21 is in two sections 24V one of which extends from the magazine 8 to a spray station 25 -and the other one of which extends from the spray station 25 to the discharge end of the machine, the ends of the section 2,4 at..the spray station25 being spaced apart as shown in FIG. II. Thev angle members 21 function as guide rails for the diodes 18, the vertical legs ZZ'of the angle members Z1 contacting the tips oi the lead wires 19 of the diodes and preventing lateral shifting of the diodes as they are conveyed along the stationary track. One of the angle members 21 can be seen in FIG. III contacting the right hand lead wire19. The Vother one of the angle members Z1 Ycannot be seen in FIG. III because FIG. III is a section taken through the area in which the ends of the sections 2.4 of the front one of the angle members 211 are spaced apart. Means, hereinafter described, lare utilized to prevent lateral shifting of the diodes 18 to the left in the spray station 2S as viewed in FIG. III.
A pair of angle members 26 each having a foot 27 (FIG. II) is mounted by means of the feet atop the plates Z of the cabinet top at the spray station 25. Be-
tween the angle members 26 there extends a rod 28 from which is hung la pair of conventional air blast sprayers the cabinet 1 to maintain an atmosphere free from coating compounds. These fumes pass through the slot 3 in the cabinet top as seen in FIG. III into an exhaust chamber 31 the left limits of which as viewed in FIG. I is deiined by a partition 32 -and then out of the port 30. A third air blast sprayer or ordinary spray gun 33 is mounted on an inverted L-shaped rod 34 yatop the cabinet 1 at the discharge end of the cabinet; it functions to spray one end only oct the diode lead wires with a compound by means' of which one end of each of the diodes later can be identified `from the other, the diodes being sent through the machine in a particular end orientation.
The three spray guns, 29 and 33 are turned on and olf automatically by means including an explosion-proof normally open micro switch 35 having an operating roller arm 36, that isY operated by the baking racks 11. `The upper edges of the racks 11 function as cams, each end of Y'each of the racks 11 having a dwell portion 37 and each of the racks 11 having a high or operating portion 33 between its dwell portions. rI he notches 20 in the racksV 11 which carry thediodes tol be coated are located along the operating portions V38 only. When the roller arm 36 rides on the operating cam portion37 of one of the racks -11 the normally open micro switch 35 is held closed and the three guns 2,9Y and 33 spray. While the roller arm 36 is on a dwell cam portion 37 at the beginning or at the end of a rack 1:1 the guns are stopped. Hence, as the pusher 17 reciprocates and moves the racks along the stationary track the spray guns automatically are turned on and olf. The apparatus, of course, is so proportioned that the notched, diode carrw'ng portions of the racks 11 are located beneath the spray guns 29 during the time that such guns are spraying. That is, Whenever the roller arm 36 rides on the operating cam portion 38 of one of the racks, a similar portion of another rack is located beneath the spray guns'Z9 and thespraying takes place While the racks are moving.
One of the important features Vof the spray coating machine resides in its masking means for accurately conlining the coating to selected parts only of the electrical or electronic components. In the case ofthe illustrated diodes, such selected parts include Yall of the glass cylinder of each of the diodes, including the concave surfaces at the ends, but konly about one-sixteenth of an inch of each of the lead wires 19 adjacent such cylinder.
The masking means includes a pair of paper tapes 39 each of which hasV a series of perforations 40 along an edge and which resemble motion picture film. In fact, motion picture lm could be substituted, except for its high cost, for the tapes 39. The tapes 39 are supplied to the machine from rolls on reels 41 which are rotatably mounted, slightly spaced Yapart and side by side on a shaft 42 which extends between the upper ends of the angle members 26. Only one of the reels 41 can be seen in FIG. Ibut they are identical; their spacing is indicated by the space between the tapes 39 shown in FIG. III. The tapes 39 are drawn from the reels 41 slow enough and theretis enough friction at the reels 41 to prevent overrunV of the reels caused by inertia. The tapes 39 are so oriented -as shown in FIG.V III that the series of perforatons V40 Von each of the tapes is remote from the spiaceY which separates the tapes.
Eachof the tapes 39 is pulled from its reel 41 by means of a drive sprocket 43 theteeth of which mesh with the perforations 40` in the tape. The drive sprockets 43 are mounted side by side on a common shaft 44 so that they turn as one. One end of the 'shaft 44 fis journaled in a bearing block 45'atop the cabinet 1` and the other end of the shaft' 44 is journaled in and extends through a bearing block 46 also atop the cabinet 1, there being a sheave 47 xed to the extended'end of the shaft 44 which is driven by means of a spring wire 4% on a pulley 491 that is secured to a shaft 50 journaled in a bearing block 51 which also is atop the cabinet 1. A timing gear SZ is secured to the end of the shaft 50 and it is located in an opening 53 in one of the plates 2. of the cabinet top; it is driven by means of -a timing elt 54 that runs on a small timing gear 55- which turns as one with a large timing gear 56 that in turn is driven by means of a rotary positive displacement air motor 57 through a timing belt 58. The several timing belts 54 and 5S and their associated gears provide suitable speed reduction. It is immaterial just what `drive system is employed as long as some means is provided for turning the drive sprockets 43 in a direction to move the tapes 39 to the right as viewed in FIG. II. The speed of the drive should be -adjustable so that minimum amounts of the tapes are used up while still producing work of the highest quality. Means for adjusting the speed of the air motor 57 will be described hereinafter.
Each of the tapes 39 is kept from coming of or its drive sprocket 43 by means of a hold down member 59 (FIG. IV) which bears upon the tape at the drive sprocket. One of the hold down members 59* is secured to a rod 60 (FIG. IV) which is held in a notch 61 in the bottom of a clamp 62 and against the top of the bearing block 46. The clamp 62 is held in place by means of a screw 631; when the screw 63 is loosened the rod 60 can be pivoted about its axis to adjust the pressure of the hold down member 59 on the tape 39. An opening 64 in the hold down member 59 allows the teeth on the drive sprocket 43 to turn freely. The other one of the hold down members 59 (FIG. I) is adjustably mounted in a similar manner from the bearing block 45 by means including a rod 65 and a clamp 66 (FIG. I). Both of the hold down members 59 are identical in structure and in function.
The tapes 39 are pulled downwardly from their reels 41 in a vertical direction. Each of the tapes 39 is guided over an idler pulley 67 one of which is rotatably mounted on the end of an arm 68 that is secured to a shaft 69 journaled in the bearing block 51 and the other one of which is rotatably mounted on the end of an arm 70 that is secured to a shaft 71 journaled in a bearing block 72 atop the cabinet l. The idler pulleys 67 bear upon the tapes 39 under the influence of gravity to keep the tapes tracking as they leave the reels '41 in the paths indicated in FIG. I. The idler pulleys 67 can be spring urged against the tapes if this is found necessary. Each of the tapes 39 then is guided over an idler pulley 73` which are both rotatably mounted side by side on a common shaft 74 Iwhich extends between the bearing blocks 51 and 72'. The pair of idler pulleys 67 is located on the opposite sides of the tapes V39 to the pair of idler pulleys 73.
Each of the tapes 39 then is guided over a. guide sprocket 75 one of which is secured to a shaft 76 journaled in the bearing block 46 and the other one of which is secured to a shaft 77 journaled in the bearing block 45. The tapes 39 between the idler pulleys 73` and the guide sprockets '75 are maintained in straight horizontal runs slightly spaced from the upper surfaces of the baking racks 11 and juxtaposed as best shown in FIGS. III and IV to the diodes 18 in the spray station 25. As shown in FIG. III, the guns 29 spray the coating compound through a space 78 between the continuously moving tapes 39,
the tapes masking most of the diode lead wires 19 fromk the spray. An adjustment of the width of the space 78 and the positions of the guns 29 varies the extent to which the lead wires 19 are coated. The tapes 39 are moved continuously to prevent any substantial build up of coating material on the tapes so that sharp masking edges are provided. However, the tapes 39 are not moved as fast as the baking racks 11. The speed of the tapes 39 is simply kept as low as possible consistent with the production of high quality work to keep tape usage at a minimum. There is thus provided a masking means of low cost that is continuously renewed and which is accurately located in the spray station 25 to produce high quality Work consistently, reproducibly and automatically.
As illustrated in FIG. II, the guide sprockets are offset from the drive sprockets 43l to an extent such that only the teeth of the guide sprockets contact the tapes 39. This is an important feature. As viewed in FIG. II, the upper surfaces of the tapes 39 at their edges along the space between the tapes are wet with the` coating compound when the tapes reach the guide sprockets 75. However, since only the teeth of the guide sprockets 75 contact the tapes 39' and that Contact being along the edges of the tapes remote from where the spray was directed onto the tapes, the guide sprockets stay free of coating compound which otherwise would soon build up and render them inoperative. It is immaterial that the tapes run over all of the drive sprockets 43 as viewed in FIG. II because the wet sides of the tapes are the upper sides of the tapes as seen in FIG. II and it is the dry underneath sides of the tapes which contact the drive sprockets 43.
The perforations 4t) in the tapes 39 also are very important. For one thing, it is by means of the perforations that accurate lateral alignment of the tapes through the spray station -25 is maintained. For another thing, it is possible by means of the perforations and the guide sprockets 75 which cooperate therewith to keep the tapes close to the diodes 18 in the spray station 25 without the wet coating getting on the guide sprockets as hereinbefore described.
Another of the important features of the spray coating machine resides in a spinner mechanism which rotates the diodes in the baking racks 11 while they are being sprayed. This insures that the coatings are applied completely and evenly.
The spinner mechanism includes a pair of bearing blocks '79 carried by the left hand one of the Plates 2 of the cabinet top as viewed in FIG. III one of which blocks is provided with bearings 8G that journal a drive shaft S1 Which extends from the bearing block on both of its sides. On the left hand end of the drive shaft 81 as seen in FIG. III there is secured a timing gear 82 which is located in an opening 83 in such left hand one of the plates 2; it is driven by means of a timing belt 84 that runs on a small timing gear 815 which turns as one with a large timing gear 86- that in turn is driven by means of a rotary positive displacement air motor 87 through a timing belt 88. The several timing belts 84 and 88 and their associatedk gears provide suitable. speed reduction. It is immaterial just what drive system is employed as long as some means is provided for turning the drive shaft 81. The speed of the drive must be adjustable to keep from bending the diode lead wires 19 one way or the other as hereinafter described. Means for adjusting the speed of the air motor 87 will be described hereinafter. j
On the right hand end of the drive shaft 81 as seen in FIG. III there is secured a timing gear 819. A shaft 90 is journaled in the right hand one of the bearing blocks 79 as W'ewed in FIG. V, there being an idle-r timing gear 91 secured to the free end of the shaft 99. The shafts 81 and 99 are in horizontal alignment and the gears S9 and 91 are of the same size. A spinner timing belt 92 runs around the timing gears S9 and 91 and is located in the spray station 25 at an elevation to contact the underneath surfaces of the diode lead wires 19 as they are moved through the spray station.
Atop the bearing block 79 there is adjustably mounted a shoe 93 by means including four screws 94 two of which are threaded into the top of one of the bearing blocks 79 and two of which are threaded into the top of the other one of the bearing blocks 79. Lock nuts 95 hold the screws 94 in adjusted positions. The shoe 93 bears on a pair of nuts 96 on the two screws 94 remote from the tapes 39 and is held in such position by means of two nuts 97 on the other screws 94. The shoe 93 can be raised or lowered by adjusting the nuts 96 and 97. Also, since the shoe 93 has a loose tit on the screws 94, it can be tilted in several directions by adjusting the nuts 96 and 97. As viewed in FIG. III, the right hand side of the shoe 93 can be raised or lowered with respect to its left hand side and, as viewed in FIG. V, one end of the shoe 93 can be raised or lowered with respect to the other.Y
The shoe 93 includes an angle member 9S secured to its free end and a resilient member 99, vmadeof material such as rubber, secured to the angle member 98. The
. angle member 98 fills in the space between the sections 24 of the angle members 21 as shown in FIG. V, and can befpictured as a part of the` sections 24, since it has the same function.Y That is, the angle members 21 as hereinbefore described function as guide rails for the diodes 18, the vertical legs 22 of the angle members 21 contacting the tips-of the'diode lead Wires 19 and preventing lateralshifting of the diodes as they are conveyed along the stationary track. In the spray station 25, as shown in FIGS. III and V, lateral shifting'of the diodes 18 tothe left as viewed in FIG. III is prevented by contact of the tips of the diode lead wires 19 with the lower margin of the vertical portion of the Vangle member 98. The distance between the angle mem-bers 21 is varied to accommodate articles to be coated of various sizes. Any such adjustment of the positions of the sections 24 of the angle members 2 1 requires a like adjustment of the positions of the spinner bearing blocks 79 to locate the angle member 98 in alignment with such sections 24. v The resilient member 99 of the shoe 93 is so positioned that=its bottom surface is parallel to the upper surface of the timing belt 92 and only slightly spaced therefrom. The left hand ends of the diode lead wires -19 as viewed in FIG. III are caught between the stationary resilient shoe member 99 and-the moving upper surface of the timing belt 92 and are thus rotated in the baking racks 11 While `they are moved through the spray station 25 and While .they larebeing sprayed." This insures that theV coatings are applied completely and evenly. The right hand ends of the diode lead wires 19 are held down while they are being rotated by means of a stationary hold down member or shoe 100 which i-s secured to the vertical leg 22 ofthe angle member 21. The timing belt 92 is turned so that its upper flight moves in the same direction as the direction of travel of the baking racks 11 and at a speed such that the peripheral speeds of the diode wires are the same as the baking racks to prevent bending of the lead wires.
The spray coatingY apparatus -is completely automatic. Baking Vracks carrying the articles to be coated` move through the machine and the racks emerge from the machine With the articles evenly coated ready to be put into an oven VWithout Ithe need for anV operator to handle the articles or to perform any of the conveying, masking,
f spraying and spinning operations. One of thefeatures resides in the method of-coating the articles While they are in the baking racks. This eliminates the stepof transferring coated articles to such racks prior to the baking process. Y
In operation with reference to FIG. VII, compressed air is supplied to the machine from` a suitable source .through aline 101 which takes the air through a valve 102 and a iilter 103. Clean air ows'through a line 104 from the lter towsupply pressure to' tanks 105,106 and 107'. Pressure in the tanks is regulated by means of regulators 108 controlled by knobs 109 and connected to gauges 110. Tanks 105 and 106 contain coating compound which is supplied under pressure to the guns 29 'as' is indicated by the arrows at the 'bottoms of the tanks and by the arrows at the nozzles of the guns. Tank 1417 contains coating compound which is supplied'under pres'- sure to lthe gun 33 as is indicated by the arrow at the bottom of the tank andY by the arrow at the nozz-le of the gun. Y v
yClean air Ialso ilows through the line 104 to a normally closed 3Way pilot valve 111.Y The valve 111 is normally held closed by means of a spring 112 and isopened by means of air flow from a line 113. -A pilot -valve which is operated by air in one direction and by a spring in the other direction is shown in detail .in-FIG. VI in U.S. Patent No. 2,795,206 issued on June ll, Y1957 to E. L. lElaber;V When the valve 111 is closed, air exhausts fromv a line 114 through a valve port 11S. When the valve 111 is open, clean air from the line 104 passes through the valve 111 and through the line 114 4to the guns-29 and 33. This -air is both trigger air and atomizing air andits pressure is regulated for each of the guns by fmeans of air regulators 11d controlled by knobs 117 and connected to gauges 118.V Y s Y Y Air also owssfrom the clilter 103.through a line 119 to :an air regulator controlled by a knob 121 and connected to a gauge 122 from whence it flows to an air line lubricator 123. From the lubricator 123, Vair flows through a line 124 to a normal-ly closed, 3-Way solenoid operated valve 125 (explosion proof). 'Ihe valve 125 is normally held closed by means of a spring 126. and is openedV by means ofa solenoid `127 which is an electrical circuitwith the micro-switch 3S. The 3-way valve 12S is like the 3-way pilot valve 111 except whereas the pilot valve111 is air operated the 3-way valve 12S issolenod operated. When a manually operated main switch 128 in the` electrical circuit is closed. and the normally open micro-switch 35 is held closed by a baking rack 11 as hereinbefore described, the Voperated coilh of the solenoid 127 is energized and the normally `closed 3way valve 125 is opened. Airthenflows from the valve 12S through the line 113 to 'the normally closed valve 111 which `is thereupon opened to admittheclean from the line V104 to the guns 29i and 33. When thevalve 125 is closed, air exhausts from the line 113 through a valve port 129. Hence, whenever a baking rack 11 closes the micro-switch 5 35 all three of the guns spray for as long as the `microswitchSS is held closed.. The guns can bestopped at any time by either removing the baking rack Whichhappens to be' holding the micro-switch 35 closed or by opening the main switch128,
Air also ilows through the line 124 to` `the rotary positive displacement air motors 57 and 87. The speeds of the motors 57 and 87 are varied by means of valves 130 which adjustably restrict the flow of air to the motors. The valves 130 are controlled by means of manually operated knobs 131. s
Air also ows through the line 124 to a pair of identical, normally closed, S-waytvalves 132. The valves 132 are normally-held closed by means of springs133 and are opened by means of mechanically operated rollers 134. The 3-way valves 132 are like the 3-way pilot valve 111, except whereas the pilot valve 111 is air operated the 3- wayrvalves 132 are mechanically operated. When the valves 132 are closed, 4air exhausts from lines 135 and 136 Ithrough valve ports 137 and138, respectively. When the |left hand valve 132 as viewed in FIG. VII is open, vair from the line 124 ows through such valve and vthrough the line135 to one side of a 4-way valve 139. When the other onepf the valves 13 2 is open, air from the line 124 flows through such valve and through thevline 136 to lthe other side of the 4-Way valve 139. The rollers 134 of the valves 132 are operated by means `of a cam 140 whichis carried by the piston rod 141 of the vair cylinder 15. One of the rollers 134 is operated by the cam 140 at one end of the stroke of the pistonrod 141 to open momentarily its normally closed valve 132 and the other one of the rollers 134 is operated by the cam 140 at the other end of the stroke of the piston rod 141 to open momentarily itsnormally closed valve 132. Opening of the valves-132 causes reversal of the piston rod 141 and the length of the piston rods stroke is varied by changing the distance between the valves 132. Air to Voperate the cylinder 15 is admitted to the 4-wayva1ve ,139 Vfrom' a manually operated 3-way valve 142 which receives air from the lubricator 123 the opening and closing of which 75 valve 142 starts and stops operation of the cylinder 15.
- 9 When the manually operated valve is closed, air exhausts from a line 143 through its port 144. When the manually operated valve 142 is open, air flows from such valve through the line 143 to the 4-Way valve 139.
As long as the manually operated valve 142 is open, air iiows to the 4-Way valve 139 from the line-.143 through such -valve 139 and through either a line 145 or a line 146 to the air cylinder 15 to keep the air cylinder continuously in operation. As the cam 140 reaches the right hand end of its path as viewed in FIG. VII, air ow from the momentarily opened right hand valve 132 through the line 136 so operates the 4-way valve 139 that air flows from -the line 143 through the 4-Way valve 139 and through the line 145 to the cylinder 15 to reverse the direction of the piston rod 141 and move it toward the left and air is exhausted from the line 146 through a valve port 147. As the cam 14n reaches the lef hand end of its path, air flow from the momentarily opened left hand valve 132 through the line 135 so operates the 4-Way valve 139 that air iioWs from the line 143 through the 4-way valve 139 and through the line 146 to the cylinder 15 to reverse the direction of the piston rod and move it toward the right and air is exhausted from the line 145 through a valve port 148. Flow control valves 149 having manually operated knobs 15) control the ilow of air to and from the cylinder 15. The valves 149 permit full flowrto the cylinder 15 through lines 14S and146 and adjustably meter the exhausted air iiow from the cylinder through lines 14S and 146 to control the speed of the cylinders piston rod 141.
Various modifications may be made in specic details of construction without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Having described the invention, We claim:
l. In a machine for coating selected portions of small articles, such as electrical and electronic components, in combination, a coating station, a track through the coating station, a plurality of racks each for carrying a group of the articles and each including came means, means for moving the racks and the articles carried thereby along the tracks through the coating station, masking means for confining coatings to the selected portions of the articles, means for moving the masking means through the coating station adjacent the articles in the coating station, means for rotating the articles in the racks While the rack are in the coating station, coating means so located in the coating station as to direct coating compound through the masking means onto the selected portions of the articles While the articles are being rotated in and moved through the coating station and while the masking means is being moved through the coating station, and means responsive to said cani means for automatically turning the coating means on whenever the articles are moved past the coating means and for automatically turning the coating means on whenever the articles cease being moved past the coating means.
2. In a machine for coating selected portions of small articles, such as electrical and electronic components, in combination, a coating station, a track through the coating station, a gravity fed magazine located above the track, a plurality of racks each for carrying a group of the `articles and each including cam means and which are loaded into the magazine, means for moving the racks out of the magazine and along the track through the coating station, masking means for conining coating to the selected portions of tbe articles, means for moving the masking means through the coating station adjacent the articles in the coating station, means for rotating the articles in the racks while the racks are in the coating station, coating means so located in the coating station as to direct coating compound through the masking means onto the selected portions of the articles While the articles are -being rotated in and moved through the coating station and While the masking means is being moved through the coating station, and means responsive to said cam means for Y 10 a f automatically turning vthe coating means on whenever the articles are moved past the coating means and for automatically turning the coating means oi whenever the Varticles cease being moved past the coating means.
3. ln a machine for coating selected portions of small articles, such as velectrical and electronic components, in combination, a coating station, a track through the coating station, a plurality of racks each `'for carrying a group of the articles and each including ca m means, each rack having a series of notches in which are articles are carried and in which the articles are freely rotatable, means for moving the racks and the articles carried thereby along the track through the coating station, masking means for conning coating to the selected portions of the articles, means for moving the masking means through the coating station adjacent the articles in the coating station, means for rotating the articles in the racks vvhile the racks are in the coating station, coating means so located in the coating station as to direct coating compound through the masking means onto the selected portions of the articles While the articles are being rotated in and moved through the coating station and` While the masking means is being moved through the coating station, and means responsive to said cam means for automatically turning the coating means on Whenever the articles are moved past the coating means and for automatically turning the coating means off whenever the articles cease being moved past the coating means.
4. In a machine for spray coating selected portions of small articles, such as electrical and electronic components, in combination, a spray station, means for moving the articles through the spray station, a pair of tapes for confining coatings to the selected portions of the articles, a series of perforations along a margin of each of the tapes, supply means for supplying the tapes to the machine in an orientation in which the tapes are separated by a space and in which the perforations are remote from such space, drive sprocket means which cooperate with the perforations in the tapes for pulling the tapes from the tape supply means through the spray station adjacent the'articles in the spray station, means for driving said sprocket means, idler guide sprocket means at the spray station having teeth which cooperate with the perforations in the tapes for maintaining lateral alignment of the tapes through vthe spray station, the guide sprocket means being so offset from the tapes that the tapes contact only the teeth of the guide sprocket means, means for rotating the articles while they are in the spray station, and spraying means so located in the spray station as to direct coating compound through the space between the tapes onto the selected portions of the articles while the articles are being rotated in and moved through the spray station and while the tapes are being moved through the spray station, said contact of the teeth only of the guide sprocket means with the tapes keeping the guide sprocket means free of coating compound with which the tapes are Wet at the spray station.
5. A machine for coating selected portions of articles comprising, in combination, coating means, conveying means for moving the articles past the coating means, means for varying the speed of the conveying means, masking means for confining coating to the selected portions of the articles, mask driving means for moving the masking means past the coating means adjacent the articles being moved past the coating means, means for varying the speed of the mask driving means, spinner means for rotating the article while they are moved past the coating means, means for varying the speed of the spinner means, the coating means being so oriented as to direct coating compound through the masking means onto the selected portions of the articles while the articles are being rotated, and means for automatically turning the coating means on whenever articles are moved past the coating means and for automatically turning the coating means .1 1 oit whenever articles cease being moved past the coating means.
6.' In a machine forV coating articles, in combination, a
coating station, means comprising a plurality of racks each for moving a group ofthe articles through the coating station in a substantially horizontal path and each'including cam means, means for rotating the articles in the racks While the racks arev in the coating station, coating means for applying coating compound to the rotating Iarticles in the coating station, and means responsive to said cam meansV for automatically turning the coating means on whenever the articles `aremoved past the coating means and for automatically turning the coating means oi whenever the articles cease being moved past the coating means.
7. In a machine for spray coating selected portions of small articles, in combination, a' spray station, conveyor means for moving the articles through the spray,
station, masking means 'for conning coatings to the selected portions of the articles, means for movingfthe masking meansV through the spray station adjacent the articles in thespray station, means in the spray station, including a stationary shoe and a'moving belt between which portions of the articles are passed, for rotating the articles While they are moved through the spray station, and means for spraying coating compound through the masking means onto the selected portions of the Y articles while the articles arebeing rotated.
. tape supply'rneans through the spray station adjacent the articles in the sprayV station, a `guide sprocket at the spray station having Yteeth which cooperate With the per- 'forationsin thertape,.the guide sprocketV being so oset from the tape that the tape contacts only the teeth of the guide sprocket, and spraying means so located in the spray station as to direct coating compound onto the articles along a line deinedrby an edge of' the tape, said contact of theV teeth only of the guide sprocket with the tape keeping the guidesprocket -ree of coating cornpound with which the tape is Wetat the spray station.
10. In a spray coating machine, in combination, a spray station, meansl for moving articles through the spray station, a pair of tapes for conlining coatings to selected'portions of the articles, a series of perforations along a margin of each of the tapes, supply means for mpplying the tapes lto the machine in an orientation in which ythe tapes are separated by a space and in which the perforations are remote rom such space, drive sprocket means which cooperate with the perforations in the `tapes for pulling the tapes from the tape supply means through the spray station adjacent -the articles in the spraystation, means for driving said sprocket means, idler guide sprocket means at the spray station having teeth which cooperate with -the perforations in the tapes 8. In a machine for spray coating selected portions of Y' small articles, in combination, a spray station, conveyor means for moving the articles through the spray station, masking means for coniining coatings to the selected portions of the articles, means for moving the masking means through the spray station adjacent the articles in the spray station, means in the spray station,
including a first stationary shoe and Va moving belt be` tween which portions of the articles are passed, for rotating the articles While they are moved through the,
`spray station, guide means in the spray station for preventing lateral shifting ofthe articles -as they are moved through the spray station, a second stationary shoe transversely spaced from the first shoe relative to the path of the articlesrthrough the spray station for holding the articles in the conveyor means as they are rotated, and means for spraying coating compound through the masking means onto the selected portions ofthe articles While the articles are being rotated inrand moved through the spray station and While the masking means is being moved through the spray station.
9. In a spray coating machine, in combina-tion, a spray station, means for vmoving articles to be coated through the spray station, a tape for conning coatings to certain areas, a series of perforations in the-tape, tape supply means, drive sprocket means which cooperates with for maintaining lateral alignment of the tapes through the spray station, the lguide sprocket means being so oiset from the ytapes that Athe tapes contact only the teeth of the guide sprocket means, and spraying means so located in the spray station as to direct coating compound through the space between the tapes onto the selected portions of the articles, said contact of the teeth only of the guide sprocket means 'with the tapes keeping the guide sprocket means free of coating compound with which the tapes are Wet at the spray station.
References Citedrin the file of this patent Y UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,361,869 Kebler Dec. 14,1920 1,771,627 Hart July 29, 1930 1,785,833 t Keck` Dec. 23, 193() 2,054,695 Elliottv Sept. 15, 1936 2,134,041 Hamm Oct. 25, 1938 2,163,038 Heywood June 20, 1939 2,549,847. Oldofredi Apr. 24, 1951 2,590,557 Melsheimer Mar. 25, 1952 2,639,490 Brennan May 26, 1953 2,940,419 Anderson et al. June 14, 1960 FOREIGN PATENTS -530,198 Germany July 23, 1931 618,597 Great Britain Feb. 24, 1949 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION Patent No, 3,040, 701 June 26, 1962 Gerald D. Mnnick et al..
It is hereby certified that error appears in the above `numbered patent requiring correction and that the said Letters Patent should read as corrected below Column 9, linel 17, for 1ef" read left line 28, for "exhausted" read exhaust line 39, for "came" read cam line 45, for "rack" read racks line 65, for
Signed and sealed this 4th day of December 1962.
(SEAL) Attest:
ERNEST w. swIDER DAVID L. LADD Attesting Officer Commissioner of Patents for "coating" read coatings
US822926A 1959-06-25 1959-06-25 Apparatus for spray coating small articles with improved masking means Expired - Lifetime US3040701A (en)

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3110232A (en) * 1960-10-06 1963-11-12 Bobst J Folding processes by compressed air blast applicable to a folding glueing machine and devices for setting this process into operation
US3219276A (en) * 1962-10-16 1965-11-23 Edward O Norris Plural nozzles having intersecting spray and control therefor
US3376851A (en) * 1965-12-09 1968-04-09 Western Electric Co Apparatus for handling articles having paramagnetic portions
US3633536A (en) * 1969-04-04 1972-01-11 Storm Mfg Co Apparatus for painting articles
US3844818A (en) * 1969-04-04 1974-10-29 Storm Mfg Co Method for painting a plurality of articles
US3888745A (en) * 1973-02-23 1975-06-10 Tetsuya Hojyo Continuous and partial plating process of strip metal
FR2627403A1 (en) * 1988-02-18 1989-08-25 Mecanetude Sarl Automatic painting machine for door mats - has pivoting support above painting chamber containing spray jets, with conveyor to remove mats under heater-drier

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US1361869A (en) * 1919-03-04 1920-12-14 Ward Leonard Electric Co Enameling resistance units
US1771627A (en) * 1928-06-25 1930-07-29 Hart Frank Continuously-operating screen printing device
US1785833A (en) * 1928-11-15 1930-12-23 Albert J Keck Printing device
DE530198C (en) * 1930-12-13 1931-07-23 Fritz Woempner Dipl Ing Device for different colored painting or patterning of the longitudinal surfaces of polygonal or round pencils by spraying
US2054695A (en) * 1934-07-28 1936-09-15 Elliott Addressing Machine Co Stencil printing apparatus
US2134041A (en) * 1936-09-12 1938-10-25 Herbert A Hamm Fruit marking apparatus
US2163038A (en) * 1936-08-13 1939-06-20 Us Envelope Co Manufacture of dry-sealing envelopes
GB618597A (en) * 1945-02-19 1949-02-24 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd Method of and apparatus for spraying counter-electrode alloy on rectifier discs
US2549847A (en) * 1944-12-04 1951-04-24 Edgar C V Oldofredi Method of and means for producing decorated material
US2590557A (en) * 1949-11-15 1952-03-25 John E Fast & Co Metallizing process and apparatus
US2639490A (en) * 1948-08-12 1953-05-26 Joseph B Brennan Formation of metal strip under controlled pressures
US2940419A (en) * 1954-12-21 1960-06-14 Western Electric Co Article feeding and coating device

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1361869A (en) * 1919-03-04 1920-12-14 Ward Leonard Electric Co Enameling resistance units
US1771627A (en) * 1928-06-25 1930-07-29 Hart Frank Continuously-operating screen printing device
US1785833A (en) * 1928-11-15 1930-12-23 Albert J Keck Printing device
DE530198C (en) * 1930-12-13 1931-07-23 Fritz Woempner Dipl Ing Device for different colored painting or patterning of the longitudinal surfaces of polygonal or round pencils by spraying
US2054695A (en) * 1934-07-28 1936-09-15 Elliott Addressing Machine Co Stencil printing apparatus
US2163038A (en) * 1936-08-13 1939-06-20 Us Envelope Co Manufacture of dry-sealing envelopes
US2134041A (en) * 1936-09-12 1938-10-25 Herbert A Hamm Fruit marking apparatus
US2549847A (en) * 1944-12-04 1951-04-24 Edgar C V Oldofredi Method of and means for producing decorated material
GB618597A (en) * 1945-02-19 1949-02-24 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd Method of and apparatus for spraying counter-electrode alloy on rectifier discs
US2639490A (en) * 1948-08-12 1953-05-26 Joseph B Brennan Formation of metal strip under controlled pressures
US2590557A (en) * 1949-11-15 1952-03-25 John E Fast & Co Metallizing process and apparatus
US2940419A (en) * 1954-12-21 1960-06-14 Western Electric Co Article feeding and coating device

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3110232A (en) * 1960-10-06 1963-11-12 Bobst J Folding processes by compressed air blast applicable to a folding glueing machine and devices for setting this process into operation
US3219276A (en) * 1962-10-16 1965-11-23 Edward O Norris Plural nozzles having intersecting spray and control therefor
US3376851A (en) * 1965-12-09 1968-04-09 Western Electric Co Apparatus for handling articles having paramagnetic portions
US3633536A (en) * 1969-04-04 1972-01-11 Storm Mfg Co Apparatus for painting articles
US3844818A (en) * 1969-04-04 1974-10-29 Storm Mfg Co Method for painting a plurality of articles
US3888745A (en) * 1973-02-23 1975-06-10 Tetsuya Hojyo Continuous and partial plating process of strip metal
FR2627403A1 (en) * 1988-02-18 1989-08-25 Mecanetude Sarl Automatic painting machine for door mats - has pivoting support above painting chamber containing spray jets, with conveyor to remove mats under heater-drier

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