US3040377A - Method and apparatus for forming continuous filaments - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for forming continuous filaments Download PDF

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Publication number
US3040377A
US3040377A US833247A US83324759A US3040377A US 3040377 A US3040377 A US 3040377A US 833247 A US833247 A US 833247A US 83324759 A US83324759 A US 83324759A US 3040377 A US3040377 A US 3040377A
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United States
Prior art keywords
rotor
chamber
wall
heat
continuous filaments
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US833247A
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English (en)
Inventor
Slayter Games
Roger W Roth
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Owens Corning
Original Assignee
Owens Corning Fiberglas Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority to NL121342D priority Critical patent/NL121342C/xx
Application filed by Owens Corning Fiberglas Corp filed Critical Owens Corning Fiberglas Corp
Priority to US833247A priority patent/US3040377A/en
Priority to ES0260136A priority patent/ES260136A1/es
Priority to DEO7562A priority patent/DE1210966B/de
Priority to CH891560A priority patent/CH379687A/de
Priority to FR835421A priority patent/FR1270748A/fr
Priority to GB27586/60A priority patent/GB931869A/en
Priority to BE593953A priority patent/BE593953A/fr
Priority to DK318460AA priority patent/DK104195C/da
Priority to NL254797D priority patent/NL254797A/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3040377A publication Critical patent/US3040377A/en
Priority to NL6604338A priority patent/NL6604338A/xx
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
    • C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
    • C03B37/04—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by using centrifugal force, e.g. spinning through radial orifices; Construction of the spinner cups therefor
    • C03B37/045—Construction of the spinner cups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
    • C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
    • C03B37/04—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by using centrifugal force, e.g. spinning through radial orifices; Construction of the spinner cups therefor
    • C03B37/041—Transferring molten glass to the spinner
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
    • C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
    • C03B37/04—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by using centrifugal force, e.g. spinning through radial orifices; Construction of the spinner cups therefor
    • C03B37/048—Means for attenuating the spun fibres, e.g. blowers for spinner cups
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
    • D02G3/16—Yarns or threads made from mineral substances
    • D02G3/18—Yarns or threads made from mineral substances from glass or the like

Definitions

  • Methods have been employed for forming filaments of materials such as glass, by attenuation as by winding the filaments in a group or strand on a rotatable collector, the collected group or strand being used in the formation of threads and yarns particularly usable in manufacturing textiles and the like.
  • Another object of the invention is the provision of an apparatus comprising a rotatable chamber or rotor of comparatively small diameter heated by high frequency induction and provided with means for distributing granular filament-forming material in a thin layer on a surface of the rotor to reduce the granular material of the layer to flowalble form, the rotor provided with open areas through which the flowable material is projected by centrifugal forces and attenuated by rotation of the rotor to form continuous filaments.
  • Another object of the invention is the provision of an 4 apparatus comprising a rotatable hollow rotor of comparatively small diameter adapted to be rotated at a relatively high speed and inductively heated by high frequency current to fuse the granular material in combination with means for feeding granular material to the
  • the pesent invention embraces the provision of a method of forming continuous fibers or filaments wherein heat-softenable fiber-forming material is introduced into a rotor in finely divided granular or particulate form and the finely divided or granular material in the rotor subjected to heat in a manner to reduce the material to a liquidous flowable condition and the flowable material acted upon by centrifugal forces to form continuous filaments.
  • Another object of the invention is the provision of a method involving the delivery of heat-softenable fiberforming material in a nonmolten condition into a rotating chamber and the material reduced to a molten or flowable state within the chamber and projected from the chamber in the form of discrete bodies through a secondary heated environment in a manner fostering the production of continuous fine filaments from the bodies usable in the production of threads and'yarns for textile and similar purposes.
  • Another object of the invention is the provision of a method of forming continuous filaments by forces of rotation wherein filament-forming material is delivered into a rotatable chamber in a nonmolten condition and the chamber-subjected to high frequency electrical energy to heat the material in 'the chamber to a softened or molten condition and the softened material delivered from the rotating chamber and attenuated to continuous fine filaments.
  • Another object of the invention is the provision of a method of rapidly reducing finely divided or granular glass cullet to a heat-softened, flowable state within a rapidly rotating chamber including the steps of imping ing the granular cullet upon a rotating distributor whereby the cullet is projected to a wall of the chamber, and inductively heating the chamber wall to a temperature above the fusing point of the cullet whereby the cullet at the heated wall is reduced to a heat-softened or molten,
  • the arrangement including a plenum chamber surrounding the rotor arranged to deliver air at an elevated temperature and low velocity into an annular region into which molten material is projected and attenuated to continuous filaments to bias the filaments toward a filament collecting means.
  • Another object of the invention is the provision of a rotor of comparatively small size maintained at a high temperature adapted to reduce granular cullet or material to a heat-softened flowable state, the rotor being provided with orifices through which the softened material is projected in the form of continuous filaments, and means arranged to deliver air streams surrounding the rotor, the air streams being of a temperature to establish an environment of greatest heat adjacent the rotor and a progressively reduced temperature gradient outwardly from the rotor.
  • Another object of the invention is the provision of a rotatable melting chamber for glass cullet in granular form wherein the rotor providing the chamber is of small diameter and of thin walled construction whereby a minimum of metal is required for the rotor.
  • Another object of the invention is the provision of a method of forming fibers of heat-softenable mineral material wherein a comparatively small amount of material is rapidly raised to attenuating temperature and immediately converted to continuous filaments, the method'being continuous whereby only the amount of material required for immediate attenuation is subjected to intense heat concomitantly with the attenuating operation.
  • FIGURE 1 is a semi-diagrammatic elevational view illustrating a form of apparatus for performing steps in the method of the invention
  • FIGURE 2 is a vertical sectional view through the arrangement illustrated in FIGURE 1;
  • FIGURE 3 is a horizontal sectional view taken substantially on the line 3-3 of FIGURE 2;
  • FIGURE 4 is a vertical sectional view illustrating a rotor construction of the invention associated with external heating means and an arrangement for applying heat internally of the rotor;
  • FIGURE 5 is a fragmentary sectional view similar to FIGURE 2 illustrating a modified form of means for establishing a mobile environment of heated air adjacent and surrounding the rotor, and
  • FIGURE 6 is an elevational view showing amodified form of rotor.
  • FIG. 1 With particular reference to the apparatus shown in FIGURES 1 through 3, and initially to FIGURE 1, there is illustrated a support or frame construction 10 comprising a main mounting plate 12 to which are secured vertical struts 14 supporting horizontally extending members 16.
  • the plate 12 is provided with a bracket or member 18 which supports an electrical energized motor 20 arranged to rotate the rotor.
  • a supplemental frame construction 24 having upper and lower members or plates 26 and 28 supporting anti-friction or ball bearings 38 and 32.
  • Journally supported on the bearings 3a and 32 is a rotatable structure including a hollow sleeve 36 of generally circular cylindrical shape formed-with a truncated cone shaped or flaring portion 33 joined with a depending cylindrical wall portion '40 adapted to support the rotor construction.
  • the rotor or rotor construction 44 is of tubular thin walled configuration comprising a vertically disposed circular cylindrical wall 46 and bottom wall 48, the rotor being made of platinum rhodium alloy or other material which will withstand high temperatures.
  • the upper end of the wall 46 is formed with an outwardly extending circular flange 52 and an inwardly extending flange 51).
  • Means is provided for connecting the rotor 44 with the cylindrical sleeve portion 40.
  • a coupling or collar 54 of cylindrical shape is fashioned with an inwardly extending flange 56 which is joined to the flange 52 of the rotor by means of pins 58 or other suitable securing means adapted to establish a drive connection between the rotor 44 and the coupling member 54.
  • the depending sleeve portion 4% is formed with circumferentially spaced bayonet-type slots 62 and the upper region of the coupling member 54 provided with pins 64 adapted to estabnection.
  • the sleeve 36 is equipped with pulley 70 engaged by a driving belt 72 driven by the motor 24 through a motor driven pulley 74 as shown in FIGURE 1.
  • the circular cylindrical wall 46 of the rotor 44 is of comparatively small diameter, for example, 1 /4" inside diameter whereby the rotor may be driven or rotated at a comparatively high speed to set up or establish centrifugal forces of suflicient magnitude to 'eifectively and efficiently project heat-softened mobile material within the rotor through rows of small orifices 49 formed in the lower region of the cylindrical rotor wall 46. Any number of small orifices 49 may be employed, dependent upon the number of continuous filaments to be formed.
  • the orifices 49 are of small size in order to provide for the formation of fine continuous filaments from the streams of heat-softened material moving through the orifices. If a greater number of continuous filaments is desired to be produced from one rotor, a greater number of orifices may be employed by increasing the diameter of the rotor wall 46 or employing a rotor of increased length.
  • An important feature of the method of the invention resides in the delivery into the rotor of fiber-forming material in finely divided, particulate or granular condition at normal temperature and the granular material distributed onto the rotor wall 46 which is heated and maintained at a temperature sufiiciently high to rapidly fuse or reduce the particles or granules to a heat-softened mobile or molten condition.
  • the fiber-forming material is delivered in particulate or granular form into the interior of the rotor through the hollow sleeve 36.
  • a stationary guide means for directing the particulate or granular material into the rotor.
  • the guide means comprises a tube 76 surrounded by a jacket 73 having a closed lower end 79 to accommodate a cooling fluid.
  • This arrangement provides an elongated annular chamber 80 to accommodate a circulating cooling fluid which is introduced into the chamber through an inlet 82 and conveyed away from the chamber by an outlet 84.
  • the circulation of cooling fluid through the chamber 80 is effective to maintain the guide tube 76 and the sleeve 36 at safe operating temperatures.
  • Means is provided for feeding the particulate or granular material such as crushed glass cullet into the guide means 76.
  • a hopper 86 adapted to contain a supply of the particulate or granular material, is disposed above a funnel or chute 88 supported by the frame structure 10, the chute 88 being adapted to direct the fiber-forming material into the guide tube 76.
  • the hopper 86 is formed with a discharge tube 90 in registration with the chute 88 for delivering material into the funnel 88.
  • Means is provided associated with the hopper 86 for controlling or regulating the rate of feed or delivery of the particulate or granular material into the rotor.
  • the hopper 86 at its region of connection with the discharge tube 90, is formed with a cylindrically shaped portion 92 in which is journalled a shaft 93 carrying a feed drum 94 provided with radially arranged vanes 95, the vanes having rotating clearance with the cylindrical portion 92 of the hopper.
  • the rotating vanes 95 engage material in the hopper and convey successive metered quantities of material into the tube 90.
  • a sprocket on the shaft 93 is connected by means of driving chain 98 with a sprocket 99 associated with speed reducing gearing contained in a housing 100, the gearing being operated by an electric motor 102 for driving the material feed or metering drum 94.
  • the gearing within the housing 106 ⁇ maybe of the variable speed type to vary the rate of rotation of the feed drum, or other suitable variable speed driving means may be utilized for rotating the drum 94.
  • a platform or material distributing member 106 Positioned within the rotor 44 is a platform or material distributing member 106 preferably slightly frusto-conical in shape, as shown in FIGURE 2, the platform being of circular contour and supported by radially extending struts or bars 108, shown in FIGURE 3, welded or otherwise joined'to the inner surface of the vertical rotor wall 46 and to the peripheral region of the distributing plate 106, the member 106 being rotatable with the rotor.
  • the struts 1% are fashioned comparatively thin so as not to appreciably impair or impede the formation of a V film of heat-softened material on the inner cylindrical surface of the rotor wall 46.
  • the finely divided material M descending by gravity through the guide tube 76, as shown in FIGURE 2, impinges or engages the rotating distributing plate 106, the particulate or granular material being projected outwardly by centrifugal forces into contact with the inner surface of the vertical wall 46 of the rotor.
  • comparatively high frequency electric current is employed for inductively heating the rotor or spinner to a temperature sufiiciently high to rapidly fuse or reduce the particulate or granular material to a heat-softened flowable condition whereby a film of mobile heat-softened or molten material is provided and continuously maintained on the interior surface of the rotor wall 46.
  • an induction heating coil 110 surrounds the vertical wall 46 of the rotor at a region just,
  • the convolutions of the coil 110 are provided with a sheath or coating of glass fibers and resin to insulate the convolutions, one from another.
  • the rotating rotor 44 is heated to a temperature of twentyfive hundred degrees Fahrenheit or more, sufficiently high to fuse or soften the granular material collecting on the 'vertical wall 46.
  • the rotor 44 is rotated at a speed of upwards of seven thousand revolutions or more per minute depending upon the diameter of the rotor and the desired magnitude of centrifugal forces set up by rotation acting upon the film of flowable softened glass at the region of the orifices 49 whereby the softened material is projected outwardly and attenuated by the centrifugal forces and the rotative movement of the rotor to form fine continuous filaments F.
  • the filaments are directed downwardly by means hereinafter described and are brought together at a region 120 to form a twisted multifilament strand, thread or yarn 122 which may be collected upon a rotating collector sleeve or member 124 carried by a rotating mandrel 126.
  • the multifilament strand may be traversed lengthwise of the collector sleeve 124 by suitable conventional traverse means (not shown) to form a wound package.
  • an environment of heated air is provided at the exterior surface region of the rotor wall 46 and the region occupied by the outwardly moving continuous filaments.
  • the heated air is continuously delivered into the environment surrounding the rotor at a comparatively low flow rate to form a downwardly moving heated air stream in the nature of a gentle breeze to gradually retard outward movement of the continuous filaments and assist in by brackets 131 associated with member 12.
  • the plenum chamber 132 is connected by means of tubular means the purpose.
  • -A lower wall 144 and an angularly arranged or frusto-conically shaped wall 146 are provided with one or more rows of openings 143 and 150 respectively as shown in FIGURE 2.
  • the openings in the wall 146 are arranged to direct air toward the rotor wall 46 While the openings 148 in the wall 144 direct air into the environment occupied by the filaments moving outwardly from the rotor.
  • the heater 136 is adapted to heat the air delivered from the plenum chamber 132 at a temperature of about 500 F. or more and, through this method, the filaments move through a heated environment as they are attenuated, the heated environment assisting in retarding or minimizing heat losses from the rotor.
  • the low velocity air streams from the outlets 148 and 150 provide a biasing force effective to influence movement of the individual attenuated continuous filaments in adownward direction.
  • the heated environment provided by flow of air from the plenum chamber 132 is preferably surrounded by a second annular environment of heated airof a lower temperature than that delivered from the plenum chamber 132.
  • a second annular or ring-shaped member 154 supported by the member 12,-
  • the air from the blower 156 may be heated in a chamber 157 by electrically energized heater strips 159 adapted to heat the air in the chamber 155 above room temperature but at a temperature lower than the air delivered from the first plenum chamber 132.
  • Bafile members 160 are disposed in the annular manifold or chamber 155 to distribute the heated air throughout the chamber.
  • the floor or lower Wall of the chamber 155 is in the form of a perforated grill or plate 162, the air from the chamber 155 being projected at a low velocity through the plurality of openings 164 formed in the grill or plate 162.
  • the air flow from the chamber "155 provides an environment surrounding the first mentioned environment of heated air at a lower temperature to assist in deflecting or directing the continuous filaments downwardly.
  • the method of operation of the arrangement shown in FIGURES 1 through 3 is as follows:
  • the hopper 86 is filled with heat-softenable fiber-forming material in finely divided,' particulate or granular form.
  • the fiber-forming material to be employed is glass
  • the glass is highly refined and previously formed into pieces or marbles which are ground or crushed to granular or particulate form.
  • the rotor 44 is rotated by energizing the motor 20 to revolve the rotor at a speed of upwards of seven thousands revolutions per minute or more to develop centrifugal forces efiective to cause the extrusion or projection of heat-softened material of the film of molten material in the rotor through the orifices 49 in the rotor wall 46.
  • High frequency current energizes the induction heater 111 surrounding the rotor to heat that region of the rotor surrounded by the induction heater to a temperature of 2500 degrees Fahrenheit or more.
  • the blowers 138 and 156 are rotated to deliver air into the heating chambers 136 and 157.
  • the heater strips 14-2 in the chamber 136 are energized to heat the air in the unit 136 to a temperature upwards of 500 F. or more and under the pressure of the blower 138 the heated air flows through conduit 134 into the plenum chamber 132 thence through the orifices 148 and 1511 in wall regions of the annular member 1319 providing the plenum chamber 132, whereby the heated air moves at a low velocity downwardly along the rotor and in the annular region or environment surrounding the rotor.
  • the heater strips 159 in the chamber 157 are energized to heat the air delivered through the perforations or outlets 164 at a lesser temperature than the air from the plenum chamber 132.
  • the air delivered through the outlets 164 is preferably between 100 and 300 degrees Fahrenheit but is not limited to this temperature range.
  • the air delivered from the chamber 155 assists in deflecting the continuous filaments F downwardly as well as to maintain the heated air from the chamber 132 in a region ambient the rotor to retard or prevent rapid chilling of the fiber-forming material.
  • a second water cooled induction heating coil 166 may be disposed interiorly of the skirt or sleeve 168 surrounding and in horizontal alignment with the region of the rotor provided with the orifices 4-9 for heating this portion of the rotor.
  • the induction heater 166 may be energized by high frequency current from the generator or power supply 116.
  • the motor 132 is energized to operate the feed drum or rotary valve 94 disposed in the lower region of the hopper 86 so as to continuously meter and feed the particulate or granular fiber-forming material from the hopper 86 into the tube WP and chute 38, through the guide tube 76 and onto the platform or material distributor 106 arranged in the path of the material moving through the tube 76.
  • the centrifugal forces of rotation of the distributor 106 deliver the particulate or granular material outwardly into contact with the interior surface of the rotor wall 46 or in contact with material on the wall which has been heat-softened under the intense heat of the rotor Wall generated by high frequency current in the induction heater 110.
  • the finely divided fiber-forming material at the inner surface of the rotor wall 46 is rapidly heated and reduced to softened, flowable or mobile form providing a thin film of molten material on the interior surface of the wall 46.
  • the inwardly extending ledge or flange 51 at the upper end of the rotor limits the upward movement of the flowable material and under the influence of centrifugal forces the softened flowable material of the film is continuously projected or extruded outwardly through the outlets or orifices 49 as individual bodies, and under the influence of centrifugal forces and rotation of the rotor, the bodies of material are attenuated to fine continuous filaments F.
  • the group of continuous filaments is twisted together at the region 12%) forming a linear group, strand or yarn 122 of filaments which is collected upon the rotating sleeve or collector 124 carried by the mandrel 126.
  • the rate of feed of the finely divided or particulate material delivered from tl e hopper 86 may be regulated and controlled through the variable speed mechanism contained in the housing 1% of the means driving the material metering or feed valve 94.
  • the finely divided material is delivered into intimate contact with the intensely hot rotor wall 46 and is rapidly heated to a softened and flowable condition in a zone where the heat is concentrated through the use of high frequency current in the induction heater with a minimum of heat loss.
  • the heated air from the plenum chamber 1'32 assists in maintaining the rotor at a high temperature by surrounding the rotor with'au environment of heated air whereby a high efliciency of attenuation is attained.
  • the use of a comparatively small rotor effects substantial savings in platinum rhodium alloy which is very costly.
  • the method eliminates the use of a stationary feeder containing a substantial quantity of glass which must be maintained at a high temperature to supply streams of molten glass for attenuation purposes.
  • the glass cullet is heated in the rotor to a molten state and only the amount of cullet is heated to provide a thin film of molten glass on the rotor surface to fulfill the requirements necessary to maintain continuous delivery of softened glass through the rotor orifices 49.
  • FIGURE 4 is a sectional view illustrating a modified form of rotor in conjunction with means for applying heat interiorly of the rotor supplementing the heat derived from high frequency induction.
  • the rotor 170 is formed with a bottom wall 171 and a cylindrical.
  • vertical wall 172 provided at its upper end with an outwardly extending annular flange 173 and an inwardly extending annular flange 174.
  • the rotor 170 is formed with an axially disposed strut 178 which supports a platform or material distributing member 1813 which is similar to the material distributor 1116 shown in FIGURE 3.
  • the material guide tube 76a is aligned with the distributor 180 whereby fiber-forming material in finely divided or particulate form delivered onto the distributor 180 is subjected to centrifugal forces of rotation of the distributor and thereby projected outwardly onto the inner surface of the rotor wall 172.
  • a tubular means 182 Extending downwardly into the rotor 171i is a tubular means 182 having a curved outlet or elbow portion 184 at its lower extremity, as shown in FIGURE 4, directed toward the lower peripheral region of the wall 172 adjacent its juncture with the bottom wall or floor 171 of.
  • the tubular means 132 is adapted to be connected with a supply of combustible mixture, such as fuel gas and air, under comparatively low pressure which is conveyed from the supply by the tubular means for discharge from the curved or elbow portion 184 into the rotor.
  • combustible mixture such as fuel gas and air
  • the combustible mixture is ignited at the outlet of the curved portion 184 and provides heat in the lower interior peripheral region of the rotor to assist in maintaining the heat-softened film of fiber-forming material in the rotor in a flowable condition to facilitate its delivery through the orifices 176.
  • the rotor 170 is heated by high frequency current supplied to the induction heater 1151a, and the supplemental heat, provided by the burning mixture at the outlet of the portion 184, avoids any tendency of the material in the lower region of the rotor from becoming highly viscous, a condition which would impair the 'flowability of the material.
  • FIGURE 5 is a fragmentary sectional view similar to a portion of FIGUREZ illustrating a modified arrangement of plenum chambers for providing successive environments of air at difierent temperatures at the region of formation of the continuous filaments.
  • the rotor 44a and its driving means are the same as the means illustrated in FIGURE 2.
  • the plenum chamber 132a receives heated air from the air heating unit 136a whereby air at upwards of 500 F. or more is delivered into a region surrounding and adjacent the rotor 44a.
  • a second manifold 186 isdisposed adjacent manifold 130a and at a lower level than the manifold 130a, the inner circular wall 188 of the manifold 186 forming a means of confining the heated air delivered through the orifices 148a and 150a adjacent the rotor.
  • the member or manifold 186 is formed with an outer peripheral wall 190 which supports a cylindrical sleeve, guard or baffle 1680.
  • the member 186 is provided with a circular partition 192 which effectively subdivide the hollow interior of member 186 into a plenum chamber 194 and a second plenum chamber 196 which are arranged in concentric relation.
  • a plate 198 forms a bottom wall of both chambers and is formed with a comparatively large number of small outlets or orifices 200 through which air from chambers 194 and 196 is delivered within the region defined by the circular sleeve l68a.
  • the plenum chamber 194 is supplied with-air from a blower (not shown) the air being conducted through a heater 157a for heat-.
  • the chamber 196 is adapted to deliver air at room temperature through a tube 206 connected with a suitable We claim:
  • the method of processing heat-softenable filamentforming material including the steps of feeding the material onto an elevated platform in a walled chamber, distributing the material from the platform by centrifugal forces toward a wall of the chamber to form a thin layer of the material on the wall, inductively heating the chamber, reducing the material to molten condition by the inductive heat applied to the chamber, flowing the molten material downwardly along the wall, rotating the walled chamber at a 'high speed, projecting the molten material by centrifugal forces of rotation from the chamber through openings in the chamber wall, attenuating the projected material to continuous filaments by rotation of the chamber.
  • the method of processing heat-softenable filamentforming material including the steps of feeding the ma- 7 terial in particulate form ontoan elevated platform in a blower (not shown) to provide a low velocity air movement surrounding the heated air environment.
  • the chambers 194 and 196 may be provided with bafiies 209 and 21-0 respectively to assist in the distribution of air in the chambers. 7
  • plenum chambers 132a, 194 and 196 adapted to deliver air at different temperatures
  • a temperature gradient is established in the environment surrounding the rotor with progressively lower temperatures maintained at increased distances outwardly from the rotor.
  • the highest temperature environment is established at the region of the rotor 44a and low velocity air streams flowing-from the plenum chambers deflect the continuous filaments F downwardly.
  • FIGURE 6 A modified form of rotor 216 is illustrated in FIGURE 6.
  • the rotor 216 is formed with a wall 218 tapered or flared outwardly and downwardly from the flange 220 to assist in biasing the 'fiow of the molten material of the.
  • the lower region of the rotor beneath the tapered wall 218 is formed with a cone-shaped portion or cap 226 to reduce turbulence immediately beneath the rotor.
  • the platform or material distributor is at the upper region of the rotor and is substantially embraced by the induction heating unit so that the glass cullet is distributed to'the rotor wall at a region of high temperature in order to efficiently reduce the particles to molten condition.
  • stream of heat softened glass or other mineral material may be delivered through the guide tube onto the platform and the softened material distributed on the rotor wall.
  • the method of processing heat-softenable filament v forming material including the steps of feeding the material onto an elevated platform in a walled chamber, distributing the material from the platform toward a wall of the chamber to form a thinlayer of the material on the wall, applying heat to the chamber, reducing the material to molten condition by the heat applied to the chamber, flowing themolten material downwardly along the wall, rotating the walled chamber at a comparatively high speed, projecting the molten material by centrifugal forces of rotation outwardly from the chamber through openings in the chamber wall, attenuating the projected material to continuous filaments by rotation of the chamber, directing low velocity heated air streams in the region of the continuous filaments, and deflecting the continuous filaments downwardly and away from the chamber by the air streams.
  • the method of processing heat-softenable filamentforming material including the steps of feeding the ma-.
  • terial from a supply at a controlled rate into contact with a movable distributor, delivering the material from the distributor onto a rotating surface to form a thin layer of the material on the surface, continuously heating and maintaining the surface at a temperature above the softening temperature of the material, reducing the material on the surface to a molten condition by heat from the surface, rotating the surface at a high speed, projecting the molten material through openings in the rotating surface, attenuating the projected material to continuous filaments, and directing air streams of difierent temperatures into the region of the continuous filaments to establish a decreasing temperature gradient outwardly from the rotating surface.
  • Themethod of processing heat-softenable filamentforming material including the steps of feeding the material in particulate form from a supply at a controlled rate, delivering the material from the distributor onto a surface to form a thin layer of the material .on the surface, continuously heating and maintaining the surface at a temperature above the softening temperature of the material, reducing the particles of material on the surface to a molten condition by heat from the surface, rotating the surface at high speed, projecting the molten material through openings in the rotating surface, attenuating the projected material to continuous filaments,.directing air streams at elevated temperature into the zone of the moving filaments, and directing air streams of lesser temperature into a zone surrounding the air streams at elevated temperature to establish a decreasing temperature gradient outwardly of the axis of rotation .of the surface.
  • the method of processing heat-softenable filamentforming material including the steps of feeding the material from a supply at a controlled rate into contact with a movable distributor, delivering the material from the distributor to a wall of a chamber to form a thin layer of the material on the wall surface, inductively heating and maintaining the surface at a temperature above the softening temperature of the material, reducing the material on the surface to a molten condition by heat from the surface, rotating the chamber, projecting the molten material through openings in the wall of the chamber, attenuating the projected material to continuous filaments, directing air streams of low velocity at elevated temperature into the zone of the moving filaments adjacent the surface, and directing air streams ,of lesser temperature and of low velocity into a zone surrounding the air streams at elevated temperature to establish a progressively decreasing temperature gradient outwardly of the axis of rotation of the chamber.
  • the method of processing heat-softenable, filament-forming material including the steps of establishing a supply of the material in particulate form, feeding the material from the supply at a controlled rate onto an elevated platform in a walled chamber, distributing the material in particulate form by centrifugal force from the platform into heat-transferring relation with the chamber Wall, heating the chamber wall inductively by high frequency current to a temperature above the softening temperature of the material, reducing the material to a molten condition by heat from the wall of the chamber, flowing the molten material downwardly along the wall, rotating the walled chamber at a high speed, projecting the molten material through orifices in the wall under the influence of centrifugal forces, attenuating the projected material to fine continuous filaments by rotation of the walled chamber, and directing the continuous filaments downwardly by low velocity streams of air.
  • the method of processing heat-softenable, filamentforming material including the steps of establishing a supply of the material, feeding the material from the supply at a controlled rate onto an elevated platform in a walled chamber, distributing the material by centrifugal forces from the platform into heat-transferring relation with the chamber wall, continuously heating the chamber wall inductively by high frequency current to a temperature above the softening temperature of the material, reducing the material to a molten condition by heat from the Wall of the chamber, flowing the molten material downwardly along the wall, rotating the Walled chamber at a high speed, applying additional heat to the material interiorly of the chamber, projecting the molten-material through orifices in the wall under the influence of centrifugal forces, attenuating the projected material to fine continuous filaments by rotation of the walled chamber, biasing the continuous filaments downwardly by concentric streams of heated air, and collecting the continuous filaments in a linear group.
  • the method of processing heat-softenable filamentforming material including the steps of feeding the material in finely divided form into engagement with a distributor in a walled chamber, discharging the finely divided material from the distributor by centrifugal forces into engagement with a surface of the walled chamber, heating the chamber by high frequency current to maintain the temperature of the surface above the softening temperature of the finely divided material, softening the material on the surface by the heat to a flowable state, rotating the chamber, flowing the softened material downwardly along the surface, flowingthe softened material through openings in the surface under the influence of centrifugal forces and attenuating the material into discrete continuous filaments, continuously flowing heated air at low velocity in a region surrounding the chamber, modifying the directions of movement of the continuous filaments by the heated air, and collecting the continuous filaments in a linear group.
  • the method of processing heat-softenable filamentforming material including the steps of feeding the .material in finely divided form into engagement with an elevated distributor in a walled chamber, discharging the finely divided material from the distributor by centrifugal forces into engagement with a surface of the walled chamber, heating the chamber by high frequency current to maintain the temperature of the surface above the softening temperature of the finely divided material, softening the material on the surface by the heat to a flowable state, rotating the chamber, flowing the material downwardly along the surface, flowing the softened material through openings in the surface under the influence of centrifugal forces to form the material into discrete continuous filaments, continuously flowing low velocity streamsof heated air in a region adjacent and surrounding the chamber, continuously flowing low velocity streams of air of a lesser temperature in an annular region surrounding the heated air adjacent the rotor. retarding movement of the continuous filaments outwardly from the chamber by the air streams, and collecting the filaments in a twisted linear group.
  • Apparatus of the character disclosed including, in combination, a support, a thin-walled hollow rotor of small diameter and of generally cylindrical shape journally supported for rotation on the support, means for rotating the rotor, said rotor wall being formed with a plurality of comparatively small orifices, a platform in said rotor rotatable with the rotor, means for feeding heat-softenable material into the rotor onto the platform, said platform being arranged to distribute the material onto the wall region of the rotor, means for heating the rotor to a temperature sufficient to reduce the material to a molten condition, said rotor being rotated at a speed to project the molten material.
  • a plenum chamber disposed adjacent the rotor having an open area adapted to direct low velocity streams of air into the zone of the continuous filaments, means for heating the air prior to its delivery from the plenum chamber, and a barrier surrounding and spaced from the rotor arranged to confine the heated air in'the zone of the filaments.
  • Apparatus of the character disclosed including, in combination, a support, a thin-walled hollow rotor of comparatively small diameter journally supported for rotation on the support, means for rotating the rotor, said rotor wall being formed with a plurality of comparatively small orifices, means for feeding heat-softenable material into the rotor in particulate form, means within the rotor arranged to distribute the material onto a wall region of the rotor, a first high frequency induction heatiug means for heating a wall region of the rotor spaced from the orifices to a temperature suflicient to reduce the particles of material to a molten condition, said rotor being rotatable at a speed to project the molten material by centrifugal forces through the orifices as continuous filaments, a plenum chamber disposed adjacent the rotor having an open area adapted to direct streams of air into the zone of the continuous filaments, and means for heating the air prior to its delivery from the plenum chamber,
  • Apparatus of the character disclosed including, in
  • a support a thin-walled hollow rotor of comparatively small diameter journally supported for rotation on the support, means for rotating the rotor, a wall of said rotor being of frusto-conical shape formed with a plurality of orifices, an elevated platform in the rotor rotatable with the rotor means for feeding heat-softenable material into the rotor in particulate form onto the platform, said platform being arranged to distribute the material onto frusto-conical wall of the rotor, high frequency induction means for heating the rotor to a temperature suflicient to reduce the particles of material to a molten condition, said rotor being rotatable at a speed to project the molten material by centrifugal forces through the orifices as continuous filaments, a plurality of annular plenum chambers disposed in concentric relation having open areas adapted to direct low velocity streams of air into the zone of the continuous filaments,
  • heating means for elevating the temperature of the air prior to its delivery from the plenum chambers, and a member surrounding and spaced from the rotor arranged to confine the heated air in the zone of the filaments.
  • Apparatus of the character disclosed including, in combination, a support, a thin-walled hollow rotor journally supported for rotation on the support, means for rotating the rotor, said rotor wall being formed with a plurality of small orifices, an elevated platform in the rotor rotatable with the rotor, means for feeding heatsoftenable material into therotor in particulate form onto the platform, said platform being arranged to distribute the material onto a wall region of the rotor, a high frequency induction heating means surrounding the rotor arranged to heat the wall region of the rotor to a temperature above the softening temperature of the material to reduce the material on the wall region to a molten condition, a cylindrical sleeve spaced from and surrounding the rotor, means for rotating the rotor to project the fiowable material through the orifices under the influence of centrifugal forces to form continuous filaments, a plenum chamber substantially concentrically arranged with respect to the rotor, said plenum chamber
  • Apparatus of the character disclosed including, in combination, a support, a thin-walled hollow rotor of comparatively small diameter journally supported for rotation on the support, means for rotating the rotor, said rotor wall being formed with a plurality of comparatively small orifices, an elevated platform in the rotor rotatable with the rotor, means for feeding heat-softenable material into the rotor onto the platform, said platform being arranged to distribute the material onto a wall region of the rotor, a high frequency induction heating unit surrounding the rotor and arranged to heat the wall region of the rotor to a temperature above the softening temperature of the material to reduce the materialon the wall region to a molten condition, means for rotating the rotor to project the molten material through the orifices under the influence of centrifugal forces to form continuous filaments, and a plurality of annularly shaped plenum chambers substantially concentrically arranged with respect to the rotor, said plenum chambers being

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
  • Inorganic Fibers (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Manufacture, Treatment Of Glass Fibers (AREA)
US833247A 1959-08-12 1959-08-12 Method and apparatus for forming continuous filaments Expired - Lifetime US3040377A (en)

Priority Applications (11)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL121342D NL121342C (US08087162-20120103-C00010.png) 1959-08-12
US833247A US3040377A (en) 1959-08-12 1959-08-12 Method and apparatus for forming continuous filaments
ES0260136A ES260136A1 (es) 1959-08-12 1960-08-03 Un metodo para tratar material formador de filamentos ablandable por el calor
DEO7562A DE1210966B (de) 1959-08-12 1960-08-04 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Fasern aus thermoplastischem Material, insbesondere Glas
CH891560A CH379687A (de) 1959-08-12 1960-08-05 Verfahren zur Herstellung von kontinuierlichen Fäden und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
GB27586/60A GB931869A (en) 1959-08-12 1960-08-09 Method and apparatus for forming continuous filaments of glass and like heat-softenable material
FR835421A FR1270748A (fr) 1959-08-12 1960-08-09 Procédé et dispositif de formation de filaments continus
BE593953A BE593953A (fr) 1959-08-12 1960-08-10 Procédé et dispositif de formation de filaments continus
DK318460AA DK104195C (da) 1959-08-12 1960-08-11 Fremgangsmåde og apparat til fremstilling af kontinuerlige fibre eller enkelte tråde af et termoplastisk fiberdannelsesmateriale.
NL254797D NL254797A (US08087162-20120103-C00010.png) 1959-08-12 1960-08-11
NL6604338A NL6604338A (US08087162-20120103-C00010.png) 1959-08-12 1966-04-01

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BE (1) BE593953A (US08087162-20120103-C00010.png)
CH (1) CH379687A (US08087162-20120103-C00010.png)
DE (1) DE1210966B (US08087162-20120103-C00010.png)
DK (1) DK104195C (US08087162-20120103-C00010.png)
ES (1) ES260136A1 (US08087162-20120103-C00010.png)
FR (1) FR1270748A (US08087162-20120103-C00010.png)
GB (1) GB931869A (US08087162-20120103-C00010.png)
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Cited By (17)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3174182A (en) * 1962-06-22 1965-03-23 Edward W O Shaughnessy Spinning arrangement for spinning fibers from molten plastic or the like
US3265483A (en) * 1963-12-31 1966-08-09 United States Gypsum Co Fiber forming apparatus
US3282667A (en) * 1962-08-30 1966-11-01 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Method of making hollow glass fibers
US3409712A (en) * 1966-07-22 1968-11-05 Dow Chemical Co Method of devolatilization of synthetic resinous thermoplastic materials
US3424832A (en) * 1967-04-10 1969-01-28 Dow Chemical Co Processing of plastic
US3512214A (en) * 1965-07-08 1970-05-19 Fuji Spinning Co Ltd Apparatus for melt spinning of synthetic filaments
US3596312A (en) * 1970-02-10 1971-08-03 Koei Ohmatsu Apparatus for producing synthetic resin fibers utilizing centrifugal force
US3628931A (en) * 1969-06-02 1971-12-21 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Apparatus having rotating bushing for forming fibers
DE3009185A1 (de) * 1980-03-11 1981-09-17 Supraton F.J. Zucker GmbH, 4040 Neuss Vorrichtung zum schmelzen von materialien
DE3049919A1 (de) * 1980-03-11 1982-12-30 Supraton F.J. Zucker GmbH, 4040 Neuss Vorrichtung zum schmelzen schlecht waermeleitender materialien
EP0355187A1 (en) * 1987-02-26 1990-02-28 Glass Incorporated International Production of micro glass fibers
WO1997003027A1 (en) * 1995-07-12 1997-01-30 Owens Corning Centrifuging process for forming fibers
WO2003042436A1 (en) * 2001-11-14 2003-05-22 University Of Leeds Centrifugal spinning process
US6584809B1 (en) * 1998-12-24 2003-07-01 Johns Manville International, Inc. Method of making fibers with a burner/air ring assembly for rotary fiberizers
EP2165984A1 (de) * 2008-09-18 2010-03-24 SCHWENK Dämmtechnik GmbH & Co KG Zerfaserungsvorrichtung zur Herstellung von Glaswolle
FR2993265A1 (fr) * 2012-07-16 2014-01-17 Saint Gobain Isover Dispositif de formation de fibres minerales
CN108796687A (zh) * 2018-05-21 2018-11-13 浙江理工大学 一种自加捻纳米纤维纱线连续制备装置及方法

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2568741B1 (fr) * 1984-08-03 1986-12-12 Saphymo Stel Applic Physique M Inducteur a culasse magnetique pour equipement de fabrication de fibres de verre

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US2187094A (en) * 1936-10-16 1940-01-16 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh Apparatus for spinning and winding glass filaments
US2431205A (en) * 1943-09-08 1947-11-18 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Apparatus for manufacturing fibrous glass
US2497369A (en) * 1934-05-20 1950-02-14 Manufacturers Des Glaces Et Pr Method and apparatus for the production of fibers, in particular glass fibers
US2514627A (en) * 1945-12-11 1950-07-11 Glass Fibers Inc Apparatus for producing glass fibers
GB665606A (en) * 1946-06-03 1952-01-30 Saint Gobain Improvements in or relating to the continuous production of slivers of mineral fibres
FR1124487A (fr) * 1955-02-28 1956-10-12 Saint Gobain Perfectionnement à la fabrication de fibres, notamment de fibres de verre
FR1155519A (fr) * 1956-07-02 1958-05-05 Saint Gobain Perfectionnement à la fabrication de fibres notamment de fibres de verre
US2863493A (en) * 1955-05-25 1958-12-09 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Method and apparatus of forming and processing fibers

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US3014235A (en) * 1955-05-25 1961-12-26 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Method and apparatus for forming fibers
DE1014293B (de) * 1956-04-24 1957-08-22 Jenaer Glaswerk Schott & Gen Verfahren zum Erzeugen von Fasern aus glasigen Stoffen

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2497369A (en) * 1934-05-20 1950-02-14 Manufacturers Des Glaces Et Pr Method and apparatus for the production of fibers, in particular glass fibers
US2187094A (en) * 1936-10-16 1940-01-16 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh Apparatus for spinning and winding glass filaments
US2431205A (en) * 1943-09-08 1947-11-18 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Apparatus for manufacturing fibrous glass
US2514627A (en) * 1945-12-11 1950-07-11 Glass Fibers Inc Apparatus for producing glass fibers
GB665606A (en) * 1946-06-03 1952-01-30 Saint Gobain Improvements in or relating to the continuous production of slivers of mineral fibres
FR1124487A (fr) * 1955-02-28 1956-10-12 Saint Gobain Perfectionnement à la fabrication de fibres, notamment de fibres de verre
US2863493A (en) * 1955-05-25 1958-12-09 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Method and apparatus of forming and processing fibers
FR1155519A (fr) * 1956-07-02 1958-05-05 Saint Gobain Perfectionnement à la fabrication de fibres notamment de fibres de verre

Cited By (26)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3174182A (en) * 1962-06-22 1965-03-23 Edward W O Shaughnessy Spinning arrangement for spinning fibers from molten plastic or the like
US3282667A (en) * 1962-08-30 1966-11-01 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Method of making hollow glass fibers
US3265483A (en) * 1963-12-31 1966-08-09 United States Gypsum Co Fiber forming apparatus
US3512214A (en) * 1965-07-08 1970-05-19 Fuji Spinning Co Ltd Apparatus for melt spinning of synthetic filaments
US3409712A (en) * 1966-07-22 1968-11-05 Dow Chemical Co Method of devolatilization of synthetic resinous thermoplastic materials
US3424832A (en) * 1967-04-10 1969-01-28 Dow Chemical Co Processing of plastic
US3628931A (en) * 1969-06-02 1971-12-21 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Apparatus having rotating bushing for forming fibers
US3596312A (en) * 1970-02-10 1971-08-03 Koei Ohmatsu Apparatus for producing synthetic resin fibers utilizing centrifugal force
DE3009185A1 (de) * 1980-03-11 1981-09-17 Supraton F.J. Zucker GmbH, 4040 Neuss Vorrichtung zum schmelzen von materialien
DE3049919A1 (de) * 1980-03-11 1982-12-30 Supraton F.J. Zucker GmbH, 4040 Neuss Vorrichtung zum schmelzen schlecht waermeleitender materialien
EP0355187A1 (en) * 1987-02-26 1990-02-28 Glass Incorporated International Production of micro glass fibers
US5688302A (en) * 1995-07-12 1997-11-18 Owens-Corning Fiberglas Technology Inc. Centrifuging process for forming fibers
WO1997003027A1 (en) * 1995-07-12 1997-01-30 Owens Corning Centrifuging process for forming fibers
US6584809B1 (en) * 1998-12-24 2003-07-01 Johns Manville International, Inc. Method of making fibers with a burner/air ring assembly for rotary fiberizers
WO2003042436A1 (en) * 2001-11-14 2003-05-22 University Of Leeds Centrifugal spinning process
US20050106391A1 (en) * 2001-11-14 2005-05-19 Lawrence Anthony C. Centrifugal spinning process
EP2165984A1 (de) * 2008-09-18 2010-03-24 SCHWENK Dämmtechnik GmbH & Co KG Zerfaserungsvorrichtung zur Herstellung von Glaswolle
WO2014013172A1 (fr) * 2012-07-16 2014-01-23 Saint-Gobain Isover Dispositif de formation de fibres minerales
FR2993265A1 (fr) * 2012-07-16 2014-01-17 Saint Gobain Isover Dispositif de formation de fibres minerales
US20150191389A1 (en) * 2012-07-16 2015-07-09 Saint-Gobain Isover Mineral fiber forming device
US10138156B2 (en) * 2012-07-16 2018-11-27 Saint-Gobain Isover Mineral fiber forming device
US20190055154A1 (en) * 2012-07-16 2019-02-21 Saint-Gobain Isover Mineral fiber forming device
US11117827B2 (en) 2012-07-16 2021-09-14 Saint-Gobain Isover Mineral fiber forming device
US20210355019A1 (en) * 2012-07-16 2021-11-18 Saint-Gobain Isover Mineral fiber forming device
EP4079695A1 (fr) * 2012-07-16 2022-10-26 Saint-Gobain Isover Dispositif de formation de fibres minerales
CN108796687A (zh) * 2018-05-21 2018-11-13 浙江理工大学 一种自加捻纳米纤维纱线连续制备装置及方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL6604338A (US08087162-20120103-C00010.png) 1966-07-25
ES260136A1 (es) 1961-03-01
BE593953A (fr) 1960-12-01
GB931869A (en) 1963-07-17
NL121342C (US08087162-20120103-C00010.png)
CH379687A (de) 1964-07-15
DE1210966B (de) 1966-02-17
DK104195C (da) 1966-04-18
NL254797A (US08087162-20120103-C00010.png) 1964-03-25
FR1270748A (fr) 1961-09-01

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