US3037259A - Apparatus for the installation of reinforced concrete floors in multistoried buildings - Google Patents

Description

H. DAVE 3,037,259

D. APPARATUS FOR THE INSTALLATION OF REINFORCED CONCRETE FLOORS IN MULTI-STORIED BUILDINGS Filed Dec. 27, 1960 6 Sheets-Sheet 1 Tlc. l.

June 5, 1962 June 5,

Tlc'A H. DAVE D. 3,037,259 APPARATUS FOR THE INSTALLATION oF REINFORCED CONCRETE FLOORS IN MULTI-STORIED BUILDINGS Filed DBC. 27, 1960 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 BY M @MM June 5, 1962 H. D 3,037,259 INSTAL RCED 1N MULTI VE LATION OF REINF'O -STORIED BUILDI S 6 Sheets-Sheet I5 APPARATUS F'OR THE ONCRETE FLOORS Filed Dec. 27,

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AVE 3,037,259 LATION OF R FORCED I-STORIED B DINGS 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 @MD Q o ma RL? fm www f. @QQ RWY Wm m\\ m .\N\ MTW, 'Mw mm Q E m\ um mfhv S June 5, 1962 CONCRETE FLOORS IN MULTI-STORIEO BUILDINGS l Filed Dec. 27, 19Go. I

D.H.'DAVE APPARATUS FOR THR INSTALLATION OF REINFOROED Jung 5, 1962 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 1 INVENTOR @Ar/a 041/5 @Y wfmd/W ATTORNEYS.

June 5, 1962 D. H. DAVE APPARATUS FOR THE INSTALLATION OR REIN 9 5 2, 7 3 o om. D ES CG RN OI Pw I U B D E I R O T S CONCRETE FLOORS IN'NULTT- Filed Deo. 27, 1960 I 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 ATTORNE 3,037,259 APPARATUS FOR THE INSTALLATIN F REIN- FRCED CONCRETE FLUORS IN MUL'H- `STORIED BUILDINGS David H. Dave, 129S E. 22nd St., Brooklyn, N.Y. Filed Dec. 27, 196i), Ser. No. 78,488 3 Claims. (Cl. 25-131.5)

This invention relates to an apparatus for lthe installation of reinforced concrete oors in multi-storied buildings.

An object of the invention is to provide an apparatus by means of which multi-storied reinforced concrete framed buildings or multi-storied structural steel framed buildings wherein the floor slabs are supported generally on parallel rows of columns, can be constructed in a safer, quicker and more simple and economical manner than heretofore has been possible. Thus, it has been `common practice in this art to erect wooden forms on a foundation or previously poured slab or oor to provide formwork on which the next succeeding higher floor slab may be poured. This wooden formwork usually comprising numerous pieces has been erected in a more or less piecemeal fashion by workmen who 4are relatively unskilled in the engineering of concrete supports. Frequently these supports are so placed that they obstruct passage. Also the design of the formwork varies from time to time and even from floor to floor on the same job, `the latter variation being occasioned, in many instances, by injury to or impairment of the wooden elements in their removal or handling after a oor slab has been poured and the concrete mass has developed its strength. For example, in stripping such formwork from the set concrete of a poured floor slab, breaking of or injury to the formwork components results in many instances because of the manner in which the stripping necessarily is accomplished.

In general, the method of forming a floor slab according to the present invention includes the steps of placing mobile formwork supporting devices with their bases resting on oor areas or column strips immediately adjacent the bottom ends or bases of the supporting columns and with horizontally disposed deck forms mounted on said devices and extending in longitudinal and lateral directions from upper end portions of the columns of one row toward those of adjacent rows and mounting ller forms on said mobile devices lbetween opposed end edges of adjacent deck forms thereof to provide with said deck forms formwork for forming and temporarily supporting beam portions, or the like of the slab, bringing span forms into span panel supporting position on and between those of said mobile devices positioned in relation to one row of columns and those operatively positioned in relation to an adjacent row of columns to provide formwork for the span portions or panels of the floor slab, applying a mass of concrete mix on the top surfaces of all said forms, allowing the mix to set in slab form to a predetermined 3,037,259 Patented June 5, 1962 panel supporting `formwork for a higher level slab, and moving said first mentioned mobile devices -from their initial beam supporting positions to corresponding positions on a last poured higher level slab while said other mobile devices remain in supporting relation to the beam portions of said slab.

Apparatus according to the present invention and which may be employed to advantage in practicing the method aforesaid comprises, in general, mobile loadform supporting devices or machines including bases which in lowered A position are adapted to rest firmly on floor areas adjacent extent, lowering said span forms `from under span por- The method according to the present invention also :1 j

includes the further steps of placing other like mobile formwork supporting devices in operative positions on said last poured slab, moving said span forms from their intermediate positions beyond said slab into operative position on said other like mobile devices to provide span to bottom ends of the spaced columns and frames mounted on said bases and carrying wheels which, in lowered position, support the bases out of contact with the oor and permit convenient transport thereof of said devices, and top or deck `forms carried on and transportable' with said frames, said frames being vertically adjustable in relation to their bases to raise and lower said wheels out of and into operative transporting position and to bring said deck forms to and from operative beam supporting levels above the iioor, and ller forms removably mounted between opposed end edge portions of adjacent deck forms.

Said apparatus also includes span lforms and formwork supporting means on said frames arranged and adapted in cooperation with lik-e means on opposed spaced frames to adjustably support said span forms-between them at desired levels above the iioor and independently of the deck form support adjustment. Said frames also advantageously provide laterally extending supports arranged and adapted to receive and support edge portions of said span forms below their span panel supporting levels; and rollers are interposed `between said edge portions of the span forms and said frames to permit said forms to ride freely on said laterally extending supports and thereby facilitate transport of the span forms away from beneath the poured and set slab.

The apparatus according to my invention will be better understood by reference to the drawings appended to this specication and wherein FIGURE l is a fragmentary schematic plan view with portions shown in horizontal section ofa typical reinforced concrete structure having a floor slab construction wherein parallel beam portions each associated with a row of columns alternate with span portions -between the adjacent rows of columns;

FIGURE 2, a ver-tical section on the line 2-2 of FIG- URE l;

FIGURE 3, a vertical section on the line 3--3 of FIG- URE 1 FIGURE 4, a schematic plan View of a portion of the FIGURE l area, showing base plates of form and slab supporting machines in operative position on portions of a floor adjoining the columns;

FIGURE 5, a schematic view similar to FIGURE 4 but showing frame portions of the slab supporting machines operatively positioned in relation to the columns and mounted on their respective' base plates;

FIGURE 6, a schematic fragmentary plan View showing beam and span supporting forms in concrete mix receiving position on the frames shown in FIGURE 5;

FIGURE 7, a fragmentary view in vertical section from line 7-7 of FIGURE 6 showing in end elevation portions of form and load supporting machines positioned at two oor levels and in three different stages of operation; first, at the left, upper level, as they appear when operatively assembled in relation to laterally adjacent columns of three parallel rows of columns, with their `beam supporting parts in raised or operative mix receiv- 3 or inoperative position after setting of the span portion of the slab, but with the beam forms remaining in position to support the beam portion of the slab for further curing;

FIGURE 8, a fragmentary view in vertical section from the line 8 8 of FIGURE 6 showing in side elevation portions of the form and load supporting devices or machines of FIGURE 7 operatively assembled on an upper level floor in condition to receive mix for la oor slab, the devices on the lower level oor being shown with beam supporting forms lowered from the beam and with one of said devices moved away to the left from its operative position;

FIGURE 9, a horizontal section on the line 9 1 of FIGURE 7 showing in plan the arrangement of base plates (dotted), the `arrangement of the plate and frame actuating jacks for adjusting frame portions of the machine into and out of mobile condition and into and out of beam supporting position, and the arrangement of span form raising and lowering jacks carried by said frame;

FIGURE l0, a schematic view showing the step of moving La span form from beneath a last formed slab toward operative position for receiving concrete mix to be poured in forming the next higher level slab; and FIGURE 11 is a fragmentary schematic view in perspective illustrating in greater detail the arrangement of a platform at an end of a bay and in position to receive span forms as they are rolled into intermediate position from beneath a lastl formed slab, and with form and load supporting machines at the columns indicated in simplified diagrammatic form.

As indicated in the drawings, apparatus according to the present invention includes a mobile formwork supporting device or machine which, with other suitably spaced like devices and the forms thereon and employed therewith, provides means for effectively receiving ya mass of concrete mix and supporting the same while it is curing into a oor slab. In a preferred embodiment, said machine includes a base conveniently in the form of a plate A, 10B, FIGS. 4, 7 and 8. A frame comprising upper and lower horizontal elements, as 11, and uprights 12, FIGURE 9, carries frame supporting Wheels or rollers `13, FIG. 8 which, in down position, facilitate transport of the machine. Said frame is adjustable Vertically in relation to base plate 1t)` and the floor level by suitable means, as jacks 14, mounted on lower portions of the frame Iand -with their lower ends engaged with plate 10, to bring said wheels 12 into and out of rolling or transport position in relation to said base. Thus, when said jacks are actuated in one direction, plate 10 is brought to rest on -a supporting floor surface 16, and wheels 13 are raised iabove the level of said floor; and on further actuation said jacks raise the frame to a desired higher level above the floor and the base plate. A top or deck form 15 more particularly for forming beam portions of the slab, is carried by and transportable with the frame; and its operative level above floor surface 16 on which the base plate 10 rests in use is also determined by vertical adjustment of said jacks 14 and corresponding movement of the frame.

A primary purpose of the invention is to provide supporting machines employing the cantilever principle to carry the form Work and the slab loads of successively higher oors on `lower oor areas closely adjoining the lower ends of structural columns, as 17, which for a typical structure, occur in parallel transverse rows intersecting parallel longitudinal rows. In some structures, the slabs incorporate greater reinforcement at their junction with the columns than in the span portions of the slabs between columns. In some cases, greater reinforcement of the slab also occurs in portions thereof which join the ends of the columns in each row, for example, thus providing in effect transverse or longitudinal relatively heavily reinforced beams 18, depending on requirements in that respect, alternating with relatively less heavily reinforced spans 19 parallel thereto.

As seen more clearly in FIG. 9, base plates 16A and 161B of the set of cooperating formwork supporting devices A and B, respectively, there shown `assembled around columns 17 are cut away or otherwise formed to provide in each an opening 2t) of such shape and dimensions as to tit loosely around approximately one half the perimeter of column 17 where said column joins floor 16 and preferably in adequate spaced relation to the column reinforcement or core, ias 21, to permit insertion of the lower ends of vertical disposed column forms 22, where the column is to be poured substantially along with pouring of the oor slab or that portion thereof to be supported thereon.

In the embodiment shown in the drawings, two mobile formwork supporting devices or machines indicated generally as A and B, respectively, FIGURE 8, cooperate in use as a set at each interior column 17 and are releasably retained in cooperating relation by suitable means, as latches 23, 24, or the like, which latch 23 is conveniently pivoted on A and latches on B; and the other latch 24 is pivoted on B and latches on A. As seen in FIGS. 4 and 9, the base plates 10A and 10B of said devices A and B, respectively, straddle column 17, or the reinforcement 21 thereof `at its base, so that the combined floor engaging area of said plates is arranged in a manner to most effectively concentrate the application of load pressure on oor areas closely around the bases of the structural columns.

Where the structural design involves oor slabs having parallel beam portions, as 18, usually with relatively greater reinforcement, alternating with parallel span portions, as 19, usually with relatively less reinforcement, the deck forms 15 cooperate with interposed filler forms 25, FIGURES 6 and 8, to provide, in effect a substantially continuous supporting form-work for said beam or more heavily reinforced portions of the slab. For this purpose, suitable brackets 26, as angle irons for example, extend beyond the end edges of the frame of a device A of one set toward the opposed end edge of the frame of a device B of an adjacent set. Thus, as seen in FIG. 8, a bracket 26 of the frame of one formwork supporting device as A at one column is disposed opposite and spaced from a like bracket 25 of the frame of the device B associated with the next adjacent column in the row so that, when these devices with their deck forms are disposed in operative positions, FIGURES 6 and 8, the filler forms 25 conveniently of plywood, substantially fill the spaces between the deck forms in cach such row.

The frames of said devices A and B also carry means and are arranged to provide in effect a cantilever type support for span or panel forms, as 28, which are advantageously of light but rigid construction. Thus, where said machines are in operative position around the columns 17, the sets of devices A, B, in one row of columns are opposite like sets of devices in another adjacent row; and said span supporting forms 28, FIGURES 6 and 7 are supported by and between said sets of devices and are removable therefrom independently of said deck forms 15 and said filler forms 25 after the slab has been poured and has set sutliciently to permit such removal.

For the contemplated mode of operation so far as it involves support and adjustment or positioning of forms 23, on the frames of machines A and B said frames carry vertically adjustable span form supports, as jacks 29, FIGS. 5 and 7 for raising the forms Z8 into and for holding said forms in position to receive concrete mix and to support the resulting span panel or portion of the slab while setting.

As seen in FIGS. 5 and 7, the arrangement of jacks 29 with two at each of the opposite sides of each of devices A and B, for example, is such that when the machines are positioned for use, span forms 28 are engaged at their under sides and supported near their corners by said jacks 29 which are conveniently mounted on portions 30 of the frames of said machines. Filler forms, as 31, FIGURE 6, may be provided between adjacent span forms 29 as and when required.

Said frames also provide span form supporting means conveniently carried on and extending laterally therefrom to receive said span forms 28 when they are lowered away from their span supporting level by said jacks 30, or the like, and yarranged and adapted to facilitate movement thereof into and out of operative position on said machines. For this purpose aligned track sections 32 are mounted on and extend laterally from the frames lassociated with one row of columns and thus afford a substantially continuous form supporting track parallel with and opposite a Alike row of aligned track sections on the frames associated with yan adjacent row of columns. Said span forms 28 when positioned to rest on said tracks, or equivalent support, are in rolling Contact therewith, as by means of rollers 33, or the like, carried by said forms or said tracks, or operatively interposed between said forms and said frames. This arrangement permits said span panel forms 28 to be rolled freely along tracks 31, as in the outward direction of the arrow, lower level, FIGURE l0, for delivery to an intermediate or inoperative position beyond the slab, for example, while the beam supporting forms and their supporting machines remain in place under the beams during further or more adequate hardening or curing of beam portions of the slab; or to be rolled on said tracks in -the opposite direction (upper level) into initial operative position on the supporting machines in preparation for pouring a higher level slab.

When used in the construction of a typical reinforced concrete building, for example, A and B devices rand the various span and deck forms and fillers employed therewith, FIGURES 7 :and S, and as described, will be provided in any number required to receive the concrete mix suitable for a single pouring and to support with desired continuity of surface Vthe resulting floor slab of desired area. This may involve an entire oor or some smaller portion thereof. In a typical case, additional A and B machines, Le. machines not then in -beam sup-porting position at a lower floor level are set in proper places on the last poured slab or next higher iloor level while the A and B devices employed in such last pouring remain in their original positions to maintain adequate support for the equipment and conc-rete mass involved in forming the next higher beam portions of the slab during the longer curing period required for beam portions ofthe lower slab. When the span panel portions of the last poured slab are sufficiently set, the span forms 28, FIGURE 7, lower level, are lowered from panel engaging position to rest on the supports or tracks 3l. They are then moved along said tracks to an intermediate position beyond the slab, for example as in FIGS. 10 and 1l, from which they can be transported to rest on the additional devices A and B in their operative positions on the newly poured slab. For this purpose, a platform 34, or equivalent, provided at one end of the span section or bay, extends outwardly, beyond the building `far enough to receive span forms 28 from said tracks 32 land sustain Ithem free and clear, or so that they may be conveyed one after another, if desired, by a crane 35, or otherwise, to a new operative position or so as to be readily engaged with lthe tracks or" devices A and B at the next upper slab level.

Depending on conditions which may vary widely from job -to job, the procedure will involve the use of more or less machines or devices A and B and more or less span forms and more or less ller and column forms. At some point in the course of construction, i.e. upon the complete hardening of an entire iioor slab, and depending largely on the curing rate of beam portions of previously formed slabs at lower floor levels, it will be permissible to lower the deck forms 15 of the A and B machines as seen in FIGURE 8 (lower level) by actuating jacks y14 and to remove the filler forms 25 from between said deck forms 15. Continued lowering actuation of jacks 14 lowers the frames of devices A and B and brings wheels 13 down to rest on the door and lifts plate 10 clear of the floor; one of said frames, `as that of A, is then moved as in the direction of the arrow, lef-t in FIGURE 8, to disengage from its position with b-ase plate 10 straddling the column. It may then be moved aside whereupon the other frame, as ythat o-f B, is disengaged frorn a like position in relation to its column. These mobile machines with their frames and deck forms are conveyed or moved by any suitable means or in any convenient manner to new operative formwo-rk supporting positions on :a oor at a higher level if desired. This also releases the column forms 22 which may then be removed and reused for forming another column. At this point, an operation cycle is established whereby previously used A and B machines released from a lower floor will be lavailable to support span forms released from under span panel portions o-f a last poured slab in a setup for pouring the next higher slab.

It will be apparent that the method hereinabove described affords an orderly and measurably simplified building procedure which ensures maximum security against collapse during construction as well as maximum durability of the completed structure. The method also permits optimum utilization of the mobile apparatus employed. Where the forms and supporting devices or machines are properly constructed, preferably prefabricated, they effectively resist injury and damage with consequent economies in use. Also, where substantial parts of the apparatus are mov-able yon wheels, rollers or the like, transfer thereof along a floor surface or from one floor level to another is facilitated thus speeding construction and reducing its cost. A further advantage residing in the use `of embodiments of the invention as exemplified in the apparatus above described is that the number of different pieces and sizes and shapes of pieces involved in their operation is minimal compared to the numbers and varieties of parts or pieces heretofore commonly employed for similar purposes.

When the above described apparatus is in operative position on a floor slab, for example, the formwork supports are such. that they occupy only a relatively minor floor area land the forms are so disposed that the passageways between machines `are relatively spacious or unobstructed as compared to the cluttered conditions in many cases where conventional formwork apparatus are employed.

I claim:

l. Apparatus for use in reinforced concrete construction comprising in combination `a mobile frame unit having a deck which provides a beam form, frame supporting means mounted on said frame and adjustable in relation thereto for raising said frame and therewith said beam form into beam supporting position 'above a oor, or the like, and for lowering said frame and said beam form away from said beam supporting position, a span form separate from and movable independently in relation to said frame and said beam form and having rollers at its under side lalong Iand adjacent to lateral edges thereof, a longitudinally extending track mounted on and projecting laterally from said frame at la level below that of said beam form, said track being positioned to be engaged by said rollers and to support a lateral edge portion of said span yform in rolling contact therewith when said span form is operatively mounted on and between the tracks of laterally opposed frames, and jack means mounted on said frame and adjustable vertically in relation thereto in a path beyond and norm-al to the outer lateral edge of said track Iand into .a position to engage under portions of a span `form when mounted d thereon, whereby said jack lifts said span form vertically from said track intooperative span supporting position when moved upwardly and moves said span lorm downwardly to tracl; engaging position when moved downwardly.

2. Apparatus according to claim l and including ller forms operative between opposed ends of longitudinally `.adjacent frames and bracket means arranged and adapted to engage and removably support edge portions of said ller forms between opposed end edge portions of the beam forms of said longitudinally opposed frames, whereby said ller forms and the beam forms provide in effect a continuous beam defining and supporting surface.

3. Apparatus `according to claim 1 and wherein said frame includes a base plate provided with an opening CII 5 at its inner edge and each of said beam forms is provided with `an opening of similar size and shape at its inner edge and vertically aligned therewith, said base plate and said beam form being anranged and adapted to retain vertical formwork members in said openings in operative position to receive column `forming concrete mass when concrete is poured to form the oor slab portion to be supported by said column.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,596,868 Brynoldt Aug. 24, 1926 2,377,944 Kohlhaas June 12, 1945 2,671,697 North Mar. 9, 1954 2,966,718 Dave Ian. 3, 1961

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