US3035070A - Dialkylpolyaminopolyalkalene amides - Google Patents
Dialkylpolyaminopolyalkalene amides Download PDFInfo
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- US3035070A US3035070A US11145A US1114560A US3035070A US 3035070 A US3035070 A US 3035070A US 11145 A US11145 A US 11145A US 1114560 A US1114560 A US 1114560A US 3035070 A US3035070 A US 3035070A
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- asphalt
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- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 title description 10
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 15
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 14
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 14
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 13
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 13
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000003784 tall oil Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- -1 aminoalkyl amides Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- OMKZWUPRGQMQJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]propane-1,3-diamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCCNCCCN OMKZWUPRGQMQJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-ONCXSQPRSA-N abietic acid Chemical class C([C@@H]12)CC(C(C)C)=CC1=CC[C@@H]1[C@]2(C)CCC[C@@]1(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-ONCXSQPRSA-N 0.000 description 5
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FATBGEAMYMYZAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N oleicacidamide-heptaglycolether Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(N)=O FATBGEAMYMYZAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000004671 saturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N Linoleic acid Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000003240 coconut oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019864 coconut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000021323 fish oil Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000020778 linoleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N linoleic acid Natural products CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- OYEMOASLKDSYHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-[3-[3-(dimethylamino)propylamino]propyl]propane-1,3-diamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCCNCCCNCCCN OYEMOASLKDSYHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 3
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000564 Raney nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NPXOKRUENSOPAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Raney nickel Chemical compound [Al].[Ni] NPXOKRUENSOPAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000029936 alkylation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005804 alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000011987 methylation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007069 methylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000002560 nitrile group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000006308 propyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000000467 secondary amino group Chemical group [H]N([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 description 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanamide Chemical compound NC#N XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SFIHQZFZMWZOJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Linolsaeure-amid Natural products CCCCCC=CCC=CCCCCCCCC(N)=O SFIHQZFZMWZOJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001734 carboxylic acid salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013065 commercial product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004663 dialkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- IUNMPGNGSSIWFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylaminopropylamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCCN IUNMPGNGSSIWFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000855 fungicidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- QOHMWDJIBGVPIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N n',n'-diethylpropane-1,3-diamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CCCN QOHMWDJIBGVPIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BZRFTDQKNOXCHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-[3-(diethylamino)propyl]propane-1,3-diamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CCCNCCCN BZRFTDQKNOXCHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002889 oleic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000005932 reductive alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000003441 saturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005292 vacuum distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C233/00—Carboxylic acid amides
Definitions
- This invention relates to certain dialkylpolyaminopolyalkalene amides, which have excellent stability at elevated temperatures, both in an asphalt composition alone and in an asphalt composition in contact with both alkaline and acid aggregate.
- RC0 is an acyl group derived from a carboxylic acid of from 12 to carbon atoms which may be of the saturated or unsaturated fatty acid series, and particularly naturally occurring acids and their mixtures
- R and R are hydrogen or 1 to 4 carbon alkyl radicals
- R and R are alkyl radicals of from 1 to 4 carbon atoms
- n is a small Whole number, not less than l nor more than 4; and the fatty acid and rosin acid salts of these amides.
- bituminous compositions The problem of securing a satisfactory bond between bituminous compositions and the various surfaces to which they are applied in industrial operations, particularly stony aggregate in road building, is well recognized.
- Many patents have issued on various bonding agents, of which the most effective have generally been cationic surface active agents. Among the better of these are included aminoalkyl amides and polyaminoalkyl amides, sometimes used also as their carboxylic acid salts. Most of these products are effective in causing the adherence of the bituminous compositions to aggregates in certain instances, but possess serious shortcomings for general purpose use.
- bituminous composition containing the additive should be storage stable even at elevated temperatures of the nature of 350 F., and preferably even higher, inasmuch as asphalt is commonly stored hot for periods of a week or more prior to use. It is also desirable that the bituminous composition containing the additive should adhere to wet as well as to dry aggregate and to cold as well as to hot aggregate. It has also been recognized that there are various classes of aggregate, some of which are acidic in character, and some of which are basic in character, and that it would be desirable to provide a single all-purpose additive which would be effective with either of these or with mixtures of the two.
- the present compounds are effective asphalt additives. Their use as such is described in more detail in applica-- tion 683,226, filed September 11, 1957, entitled Dialkylpolyaminopolyalkalene Amides as Asphflt Antistripping Agents, now US. Patent 2,937,106, dated May 17, 1960, of which this application is a division.
- the novel compounds of the present invention are essentially the reaction product of a dialkylpolyaminopolyalkylene amine, and a fatty acid having from 12 to 20 carbon atoms.
- the fatty acids from natural sources such as tall oil, fish oil, coconut oil, and the like, are particularly useful commercially. Where price permits, the more or less pure fatty acids such as oleic or linoleic acid are 3,035,970 Patented May 15, 1962 ice entirely elfective and completely satisfactory.
- the fatty acids need not be used in pure form, and commercially it is found particularly advantageous to use crude tall oil, which, in addition to the fatty acids, also contains a certain amount of rosin acid.
- the rosin acid may be permitted to remain in the additive and form a salt with the amine groups, and in fact, it is also possible to use a suflicient excess of fatty acid so that at least part of the amine groups form salts with the fatty acid.
- While the compounds of this invention contain at least two amino groups in addition to the nitrogen present in the amide group, more amino groups may be present.
- the polyamine starting material is conveniently prepared by adding a dialkylaminoalkylamine to acrylonitrile and hydrogenating the product, for example, with Raney nickel catalyst, preferably in the presence of ammonia, which converts the nitrile groups to primary amine groups.
- the product thus obtained, starting with a dimethylaminopropylamine would be a dimethylaminopropylaminopropylamine.
- Other dialkylamino starting materials may be used containing up to '4 carbon atoms in the alkyl groups. Mixtures may be used as well as compounds in which the alkyl groups are not necessarily the same.
- Dialkylammopropylaminopropylamine may be reacted with additional acrylonitrile and the product again hydrogenated to add an additional propylamino moiety to the chain.
- the cost of this reaction is such that the dialkylaminopropylaminopropylamines will generally be preferred commercially over longer chain products containing more propylamino groups, but the longer chains are very useful where the cost structure is such as to permit their use.
- the intermediates prepared as above contain secondary amino groups along the chain.
- Other useful products result when these secondary amine groups are alkylated by alkyl groups of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and the alkylation may be performed either before or after the reaction of the intermediate polyamine with a fatty acid.
- One simple method is to add an aldehyde or ketone of not more than 4 carbon atoms to the adduct of acrylonitrile and dialkylminopropylamine.
- the secondary amino group will be reductively alkylated simultaneously with the hydrogenation of the nitrile group.
- Reductive alkylation may also be applied to the polyamine after reaction with the fatty acid.
- special methods of alkylation, specifically methylation may be applied, as for example by the use of formaldehyde and formic acid as described in Example 11 below.
- the present novel materials are most conveniently added to or incorporated in a bituminous component before it is mixed with aggregate, as, for example, they may be added to molten asphalt or to cut back asphalt.
- the dialkylpolyaminopolyallralene amides maybe added to the mixer in which the bituminous material and the mineral aggregate are being mixed, and, in the case of asphalt emulsions, the dialkylpolyaminopolyalkalene amides may be added to the emulsion after it has been produced, or to the bituminous component of such emulsions before emulsificaiion.
- dialkylpolyaminopolyalkylene amides are useful as cationic surface active agents, and may be used as flotation reagents and additionally possess fungicidal activity.
- the residual product is dimethylaminopropylaminopropylamine asa colorless liquid, with a sharp ammoniacal odor.
- EXAMPLE 2 Distilled Tall Oil and Dimethylaminopropylaminopropylamine 100 parts of distilled tall oil containing 0.25 equivalent of fatty acids per 100 grams, available as a commercial product, is mixed with 40.8 parts of dimethylaminopropylaminopropylamine produced as in Example 1. The mixture is heated in a reactor with a fractionating column and distillation condenser attached. The temperature is held at 150-160 C. until most of reaction occurs. The reaction is substantially complete after 1 /2 hours. The temperature is then raised to cause distillation of water formed in the reaction, and heating is dicontinued at 180 C. The product is a reddish, somewhat viscous liquid obtained in a yield of 135 parts. It is ready for use as an asphalt additive without further treatment.
- Example 3 Crude Tall Oil and DimethylaminopropyL aminopropylamine The procedure of Example 2 is repeated using 40.8 parts dimethylaminopropylaminopropylamine and 156 parts of a crude tall oil containing 0.25 equivalent of fatty acids. The product is darker and less pure than obtained from using distilled tall oil as a starting material, and may be used as an asphalt additive without further refining.
- EXAMPLE 4 7 From Fish Oil The procedure of Example 2 is repeated, using an equivalent molecular proportion of a fish oil. The product is similar in appearance.
- EXAMPLE 6 From Oleic Acid mols of dimethylaminopropylaminopropylamine is mixed with 10 mols of oleic acid in a reaction vessel equipped with a fractionating column and condenser. The mixture is heated until the theoretical amount of water is distilled over. The resulting product is dimethylaminopropylaminopropyl oleamide.
- EXAMPLE 7 From Linoleic Acid The procedure of Example 2 is repeated, using 50 mols of linoleic acid and 50 mols of dimethylaminopropylaminopropylamine. The mixture is heated in a reactor equipped with a fractionating column and a distillation condenser, and the water which is eliminated is collected. After substantially all of the theoretical amount of Water has been collected the mixture is allowed to cool and the 4 EXAMPLE 8 Dimethylaminopropylaminopropylaminopropylamine The product obtained is dimethylaminopropylaminopropylaminopropylamine. 7
- EXAMPLE 13 Diethylaminopropylaminopropyl Oleamide The product of Example 12 is reacted with a molecular proportion of oleic acid using the procedure of Example 6. There is obtained diethylaminopropylaminopropyl oleamide.
- RCO- is an acyl group derived from a carboxylic acid selected from the group consisting of C to C saturated'and unsaturated fatty acids, and mixtures therer of, R and R are radicals selected from the group conthus produced dimethylaminopropylaminopropyl linoleamide is then ready for used as an asphalt additive.
- R and R are 1 to 4 carbon alkyl radicals, and n is a small whole number not less than 1 and not more than 4;
- RCO- is an acyl group derived from a carboxylic acid selected from the group consisting of C to C saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, and mixtures there of, and its C to C saturated and unsaturated fatty acid and rosin acid salts.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Description
United States Patent 3,035,070 DIALKYLPOLYAMINOPOLYALKALENE AMIDES Joseph Emmett Carpenter, Thatcher, Ariz., and Edwin Ralph Kolodny, Stamford, Conn., assignor to American Cyanamid Company, New York, N.Y., a corporation of Maine N0 Drawing. Original application Sept. 11, 1957, Ser. No. 683,226, now Patent No. 2,737,106, dated May 17, 1960. Divided and this application Feb. 26, 1960, Ser. No. 11,145
3 Claims. (Cl. 260-4045) This invention relates to certain dialkylpolyaminopolyalkalene amides, which have excellent stability at elevated temperatures, both in an asphalt composition alone and in an asphalt composition in contact with both alkaline and acid aggregate.
More specifically, the compounds are of the general formula:
where the RC0 is an acyl group derived from a carboxylic acid of from 12 to carbon atoms which may be of the saturated or unsaturated fatty acid series, and particularly naturally occurring acids and their mixtures, R and R are hydrogen or 1 to 4 carbon alkyl radicals, R and R are alkyl radicals of from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and n is a small Whole number, not less than l nor more than 4; and the fatty acid and rosin acid salts of these amides.
The problem of securing a satisfactory bond between bituminous compositions and the various surfaces to which they are applied in industrial operations, particularly stony aggregate in road building, is well recognized. Many patents have issued on various bonding agents, of which the most effective have generally been cationic surface active agents. Among the better of these are included aminoalkyl amides and polyaminoalkyl amides, sometimes used also as their carboxylic acid salts. Most of these products are effective in causing the adherence of the bituminous compositions to aggregates in certain instances, but possess serious shortcomings for general purpose use.
It has been well recognized that it is desirable that the bituminous composition containing the additive should be storage stable even at elevated temperatures of the nature of 350 F., and preferably even higher, inasmuch as asphalt is commonly stored hot for periods of a week or more prior to use. It is also desirable that the bituminous composition containing the additive should adhere to wet as well as to dry aggregate and to cold as well as to hot aggregate. It has also been recognized that there are various classes of aggregate, some of which are acidic in character, and some of which are basic in character, and that it would be desirable to provide a single all-purpose additive which would be effective with either of these or with mixtures of the two.
The present compounds are effective asphalt additives. Their use as such is described in more detail in applica-- tion 683,226, filed September 11, 1957, entitled Dialkylpolyaminopolyalkalene Amides as Asphflt Antistripping Agents, now US. Patent 2,937,106, dated May 17, 1960, of which this application is a division.
The novel compounds of the present invention are essentially the reaction product of a dialkylpolyaminopolyalkylene amine, and a fatty acid having from 12 to 20 carbon atoms. The fatty acids from natural sources such as tall oil, fish oil, coconut oil, and the like, are particularly useful commercially. Where price permits, the more or less pure fatty acids such as oleic or linoleic acid are 3,035,970 Patented May 15, 1962 ice entirely elfective and completely satisfactory. The fatty acids need not be used in pure form, and commercially it is found particularly advantageous to use crude tall oil, which, in addition to the fatty acids, also contains a certain amount of rosin acid. While not necessary, the rosin acid may be permitted to remain in the additive and form a salt with the amine groups, and in fact, it is also possible to use a suflicient excess of fatty acid so that at least part of the amine groups form salts with the fatty acid.
While the compounds of this invention contain at least two amino groups in addition to the nitrogen present in the amide group, more amino groups may be present.
The polyamine starting material is conveniently prepared by adding a dialkylaminoalkylamine to acrylonitrile and hydrogenating the product, for example, with Raney nickel catalyst, preferably in the presence of ammonia, which converts the nitrile groups to primary amine groups. The product thus obtained, starting with a dimethylaminopropylamine would be a dimethylaminopropylaminopropylamine. Other dialkylamino starting materials may be used containing up to '4 carbon atoms in the alkyl groups. Mixtures may be used as well as compounds in which the alkyl groups are not necessarily the same. Dialkylammopropylaminopropylamine may be reacted with additional acrylonitrile and the product again hydrogenated to add an additional propylamino moiety to the chain. The cost of this reaction is such that the dialkylaminopropylaminopropylamines will generally be preferred commercially over longer chain products containing more propylamino groups, but the longer chains are very useful where the cost structure is such as to permit their use.
The intermediates prepared as above contain secondary amino groups along the chain. Other useful products result when these secondary amine groups are alkylated by alkyl groups of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and the alkylation may be performed either before or after the reaction of the intermediate polyamine with a fatty acid. One simple method is to add an aldehyde or ketone of not more than 4 carbon atoms to the adduct of acrylonitrile and dialkylminopropylamine. The secondary amino group will be reductively alkylated simultaneously with the hydrogenation of the nitrile group. Reductive alkylation may also be applied to the polyamine after reaction with the fatty acid. Alternately, special methods of alkylation, specifically methylation, may be applied, as for example by the use of formaldehyde and formic acid as described in Example 11 below.
The present novel materials are most conveniently added to or incorporated in a bituminous component before it is mixed with aggregate, as, for example, they may be added to molten asphalt or to cut back asphalt. However, if desired the dialkylpolyaminopolyallralene amides maybe added to the mixer in which the bituminous material and the mineral aggregate are being mixed, and, in the case of asphalt emulsions, the dialkylpolyaminopolyalkalene amides may be added to the emulsion after it has been produced, or to the bituminous component of such emulsions before emulsificaiion.
In addition to their use as asphalt additives, the present novel dialkylpolyaminopolyalkylene amides are useful as cationic surface active agents, and may be used as flotation reagents and additionally possess fungicidal activity.
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in which parts are by weight, unless otherwise stated:
EXAMPLE I Dimethylaminopropylaminopropylamine Dimethylaminopropylamine is reacted with an equal molecular proportion of acrylonitrile, using cooling to prevent the reaction from getting out of control, and the resultant product is hydrogenated at a temperature between90 and 120 C. at a pressure of 2000 lbs. per square inch with Raney nickel catalyst in the presence of ammonia. After substantially the theoretical uptake of hydrogen has occurred, the hydrogenation product is stripped of a minor proportion of low-boiling components by vacuum distillation at 25 mm. Hg to a final pot temperature of 110 C.
The residual product is dimethylaminopropylaminopropylamine asa colorless liquid, with a sharp ammoniacal odor.
EXAMPLE 2 Distilled Tall Oil and Dimethylaminopropylaminopropylamine 100 parts of distilled tall oil containing 0.25 equivalent of fatty acids per 100 grams, available as a commercial product, is mixed with 40.8 parts of dimethylaminopropylaminopropylamine produced as in Example 1. The mixture is heated in a reactor with a fractionating column and distillation condenser attached. The temperature is held at 150-160 C. until most of reaction occurs. The reaction is substantially complete after 1 /2 hours. The temperature is then raised to cause distillation of water formed in the reaction, and heating is dicontinued at 180 C. The product is a reddish, somewhat viscous liquid obtained in a yield of 135 parts. It is ready for use as an asphalt additive without further treatment.
EXAMPLE 3 Crude Tall Oil and DimethylaminopropyL aminopropylamine The procedure of Example 2 is repeated using 40.8 parts dimethylaminopropylaminopropylamine and 156 parts of a crude tall oil containing 0.25 equivalent of fatty acids. The product is darker and less pure than obtained from using distilled tall oil as a starting material, and may be used as an asphalt additive without further refining.
EXAMPLE 4 7 From Fish Oil The procedure of Example 2 is repeated, using an equivalent molecular proportion of a fish oil. The product is similar in appearance.
EXAMPLE 5 From Coconut Oil The procedure of Example 2 is repeated, using an equivalent molecular proportion of coconut oil. The product is similar in appearance.
EXAMPLE 6 From Oleic Acid mols of dimethylaminopropylaminopropylamine is mixed with 10 mols of oleic acid in a reaction vessel equipped with a fractionating column and condenser. The mixture is heated until the theoretical amount of water is distilled over. The resulting product is dimethylaminopropylaminopropyl oleamide.
EXAMPLE 7 From Linoleic Acid The procedure of Example 2 is repeated, using 50 mols of linoleic acid and 50 mols of dimethylaminopropylaminopropylamine. The mixture is heated in a reactor equipped with a fractionating column and a distillation condenser, and the water which is eliminated is collected. After substantially all of the theoretical amount of Water has been collected the mixture is allowed to cool and the 4 EXAMPLE 8 Dimethylaminopropylaminopropylaminopropylamine The product obtained is dimethylaminopropylaminopropylaminopropylamine. 7
EXAMPLE 9 Tall Oil and Dimethylaminopropylaminopropylaminoprop'ylamine The product of Example 8 is reacted with distilled tall oil following the procedure of Example 2, correcting for the higher molecular weight of the amine. A substantially similar appearing product is obtained which is equally satisfactory as an asphalt additive.
EXAMPLE 10 Oleic Acid and Dimethylaminopropylaminopropylaminopropylamine The procedure of Example 6 is repeated, using the dimethylarninopropylaminopropylaminopropylamine of Example 8. An excellent asphalt additive is obtained.
EXAMPLE ll Methylation of Dimethylaminopropylaminopropyl Oleamide 423 parts of the product from Example 6 is heated under reflux for 4 hours with 100 parts 37% formalin, 51 parts 88%' formic acid and 400 parts ethanol, at which time carbon dioxide evolution is complete. The ethanol is distilled oil, the residue washed once with concentrated sodium hydroxide solution, and allowed to stand overnight over solid sodium hydroxide. The decanted viscous liquid is Dietlzylaminopropylaminopropylamine Diethylaminopropylamine is reacted with an equal molecular proportion of acrylonitrile following the procedure set forth in Example 1. There is obtained diethylaminopropylaminopropylamine. V 7
EXAMPLE 13 Diethylaminopropylaminopropyl Oleamide The product of Example 12 is reacted with a molecular proportion of oleic acid using the procedure of Example 6. There is obtained diethylaminopropylaminopropyl oleamide.
Having described certain embodiments thereof as our invention, We claim:
1. A dialkylaminopolyamine of the formula:
1 fits a R o ON(GH CH OH N)n-CHgGH CHz-N where RCO-is an acyl group derived from a carboxylic acid selected from the group consisting of C to C saturated'and unsaturated fatty acids, and mixtures therer of, R and R are radicals selected from the group conthus produced dimethylaminopropylaminopropyl linoleamide is then ready for used as an asphalt additive.
sisting of hydrogen and 1 to 4 carbon al yl radicals, R and R are 1 to 4 carbon alkyl radicals, and n is a small whole number not less than 1 and not more than 4; and
5 its C to C saturated and unsaturated fatty acid and rosin acid salts.
2. A djmethylaminopropylaminopropyl amide of a 12 to 20 carbon atom fatty acid of the formula:
where RCO- is an acyl group derived from a carboxylic acid selected from the group consisting of C to C saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, and mixtures there of, and its C to C saturated and unsaturated fatty acid and rosin acid salts.
6 3. The compound of the formula:
RCO-NH-CH CH CH -NH CH CH CH -N- CH 2 5 where RCO- represents the acyl group derived from tall oil fatty acids.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,426,220 Johnson Aug. 28, 1947 2,663,648 Jelling Dec. 22, 1953 2,891,873 Falkenberg June 23, 1959
Claims (1)
1. A DIALKYOLAMINOPOLYAMINE OF THE FORMULA:
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11145A US3035070A (en) | 1957-09-11 | 1960-02-26 | Dialkylpolyaminopolyalkalene amides |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US683226A US2937106A (en) | 1957-09-11 | 1957-09-11 | Dialkylpolyaminopolyalkalene amides as asphalt antistripping agents |
US11145A US3035070A (en) | 1957-09-11 | 1960-02-26 | Dialkylpolyaminopolyalkalene amides |
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US3035070A true US3035070A (en) | 1962-05-15 |
Family
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US11145A Expired - Lifetime US3035070A (en) | 1957-09-11 | 1960-02-26 | Dialkylpolyaminopolyalkalene amides |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3184474A (en) * | 1962-09-05 | 1965-05-18 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Reaction product of alkenyl succinic acid or anhydride with polyamine and polyhydricmaterial |
US3894849A (en) * | 1973-11-29 | 1975-07-15 | Du Pont | Gasoline |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2426220A (en) * | 1942-09-02 | 1947-08-26 | Nostrip Inc | Bituminous composition having increased adhesion to mineral aggregate |
US2663648A (en) * | 1950-11-21 | 1953-12-22 | Jelling Murray | Thermally stable bituminous bonding compositions |
US2891873A (en) * | 1957-02-14 | 1959-06-23 | Maguire Ind Inc | Asphalt additives |
-
1960
- 1960-02-26 US US11145A patent/US3035070A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2426220A (en) * | 1942-09-02 | 1947-08-26 | Nostrip Inc | Bituminous composition having increased adhesion to mineral aggregate |
US2663648A (en) * | 1950-11-21 | 1953-12-22 | Jelling Murray | Thermally stable bituminous bonding compositions |
US2891873A (en) * | 1957-02-14 | 1959-06-23 | Maguire Ind Inc | Asphalt additives |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3184474A (en) * | 1962-09-05 | 1965-05-18 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Reaction product of alkenyl succinic acid or anhydride with polyamine and polyhydricmaterial |
US3894849A (en) * | 1973-11-29 | 1975-07-15 | Du Pont | Gasoline |
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