US3028140A - Rotary fluid flow machine having rotor vanes constructed according to three dimensional calculations - Google Patents
Rotary fluid flow machine having rotor vanes constructed according to three dimensional calculations Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3028140A US3028140A US666017A US66601757A US3028140A US 3028140 A US3028140 A US 3028140A US 666017 A US666017 A US 666017A US 66601757 A US66601757 A US 66601757A US 3028140 A US3028140 A US 3028140A
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- rotor
- fluid flow
- constructed according
- rotary fluid
- flow machine
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
- F01D5/02—Blade-carrying members, e.g. rotors
- F01D5/04—Blade-carrying members, e.g. rotors for radial-flow machines or engines
- F01D5/043—Blade-carrying members, e.g. rotors for radial-flow machines or engines of the axial inlet- radial outlet, or vice versa, type
- F01D5/048—Form or construction
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/26—Rotors specially for elastic fluids
- F04D29/28—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for centrifugal or helico-centrifugal pumps for radial-flow or helico-centrifugal pumps
- F04D29/284—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for centrifugal or helico-centrifugal pumps for radial-flow or helico-centrifugal pumps for compressors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/26—Rotors specially for elastic fluids
- F04D29/28—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for centrifugal or helico-centrifugal pumps for radial-flow or helico-centrifugal pumps
- F04D29/30—Vanes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2250/00—Geometry
- F05D2250/20—Three-dimensional
Definitions
- This invention relates to a new and advantageous turbomachine which can be used as an engine, a pump, a compressor, a turbine, or for compressing or decompressing, gaseous fiu-ids or for the delivery of compressible or noncompressible fluids.
- Turbomachines in use today are designed and constructed upon an old traditional pattern, that is, single-dimensional treatment, by which is meant the construction of the rotor or impeller rests upon mathematical reasoning which considers the flow of the fluid through the rotor with respect to a single dimension only.
- These conventional machines have various disadvantages, first, a relatively low efiiciency, second, a quite usual deficiency of the hydraulic stability in relation to the characteristic of delivery, third, the appearing of eddy flows, which are principally responsible for losses of efliciency, and fourth, a certain deficiency of mechanical behavior during the running of the engines, such as vibrations, and surging, etc.
- All the rotor vanes are disposed perpendicularly with respect to the rotor axis throughout their width.
- a rotary flow engine designed and constructed according to these principal characteristics of invention has, in relation to the traditional turbomachines, surprisingly higher rates of efficiency, a quite more stable way of hydraulic performance and a better mechanical behavior.
- FIGURE 1 is a diagrammatic longitudinal sectional view showing, schematically, the rotor of the new fiow turbomachine in a general way.
- FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic view of part of FIG. 1, viewed from the left illustrating approximately one quadrant of the machine, a vane being illustrated as being cut by a series of transverse radial section planes.
- FIG. 3 shows the width of one rotor vane, viewed vertically in FIG. 1.
- both profile lines 1,,---2 and 1,2 must have the same curvature (mathematically defined by the value of l/R) and also the same angle on parallel to the rotor axis assuming they are cut by one and the same perpendicular lead onto the said rotor axis.
- one such radius R is indicated for one such lead designed by the line bb.
- a turbomachine designed and constructed according to these characteristics of the invention has, in relation to the traditional turbomachine surprisingly higher rates of efiiciencies, quite a more stable way of hydraulic performance and a better mechanical behavior.
- the rotor comprises outer meridional profile lines 1 2 2" and inner shroud 6, between which extend vanes 4, to the shape of which the present invention is principally concerned. They translate the flow, of which one imaginary streamline 7 enters with the velocity Cm, and leaves the rotor with the velocity Cm
- the rotor is closely enclosed by outer wall 9 and inner wall 3.
- the vanes 4 are fixed on the impeller hub 8, which is impelled by shaft 5.
- a turbomachine of the radial flow type having a rotor provided with vanes, said vanes being perpendicularly disposed with respect to the rotor axis throughout their extent, said vanes having circumferentially and outwardly curved inner and outer profiles, said profiles between two axially spaced planes being of equal length and of congruent curvature.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
Description
April 3, 1962 J. R. LAGE 3,028,140 ROTARY FLUID FLOW MACHINE HAVING ROTOR VANES CONS TRUCTED ACCORDING TO THREE DIMENSIONAL CALCULATIONS Filed June 17, 1957 INVENTOR BY JJWWW W ATTORNEYS 3,028,140 ROTARY FLUID FLOW MACHINE HAVING R- TOR VANES CQNSTRUCTED ACCORDING TO THREE DIMENSIONAL CALCULATIONS James R. Lage, Wettingen, Switzerland (Hochhaus Altenburg, Brugg, Switzerland) Filed June 17, 1957, Ser. No. 666,017 1 Claim. (Cl. 253--39) This invention relates to a new and advantageous turbomachine which can be used as an engine, a pump, a compressor, a turbine, or for compressing or decompressing, gaseous fiu-ids or for the delivery of compressible or noncompressible fluids.
Turbomachines in use today are designed and constructed upon an old traditional pattern, that is, single-dimensional treatment, by which is meant the construction of the rotor or impeller rests upon mathematical reasoning which considers the flow of the fluid through the rotor with respect to a single dimension only. These conventional machines have various disadvantages, first, a relatively low efiiciency, second, a quite usual deficiency of the hydraulic stability in relation to the characteristic of delivery, third, the appearing of eddy flows, which are principally responsible for losses of efliciency, and fourth, a certain deficiency of mechanical behavior during the running of the engines, such as vibrations, and surging, etc.
By three-dimensional calculation of the flow the abovementioned deficiencies of conventional turbomachines can be eliminated to a vast extent if, based on the invention, a rotary flow machine is built in such a way that:
(1) All the rotor vanes are disposed perpendicularly with respect to the rotor axis throughout their width.
(2) The extent of points of the inner and outer longitudinal sectional profile lines of the vanes, which can be cut by one and the same perpendicular projection onto the rotor (or impeller) axis, have at least approximately the same, identical, or congruent form of curvature.
A rotary flow engine designed and constructed according to these principal characteristics of invention has, in relation to the traditional turbomachines, surprisingly higher rates of efficiency, a quite more stable way of hydraulic performance and a better mechanical behavior.
Regardless of whether such rotors or impellers, provided with both above-mentioned design characteristics of the invention, are used as the impellers for pumps and blowers, as well as for turbines, the same success is attained. In the following description the invention will be described as applied to pumps and compressors only, for reasons of simplicity.
In the accompanying drawings FIGURE 1 is a diagrammatic longitudinal sectional view showing, schematically, the rotor of the new fiow turbomachine in a general way.
FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic view of part of FIG. 1, viewed from the left illustrating approximately one quadrant of the machine, a vane being illustrated as being cut by a series of transverse radial section planes.
FIG. 3 shows the width of one rotor vane, viewed vertically in FIG. 1.
According to the above-mentioned second characteristic of invention, both profile lines 1,,---2 and 1,2, must have the same curvature (mathematically defined by the value of l/R) and also the same angle on parallel to the rotor axis assuming they are cut by one and the same perpendicular lead onto the said rotor axis. In FIG. 1 one such radius R is indicated for one such lead designed by the line bb. This permits the employment in a precise way, instead of an approximate one as has been customary, of a three-dimensional contemplation of 3,028,140 Patented Apr. 3, 1962 ice the flow for the creation of the new turbomachine, where the value of is of importance for the calculation of the inner hydraulic forces. (C =value of meridional flow velocity.) In order to determine such said curvature l/R it is commendable to form both congruent meridional vane profile lines 1,,2 and 1,-2, according to any, mathematical equation y=f(x) that has a second derivative or difierential coefficient f"(x)=y"=d x/dy 0, because the curvature l/R is a function of said second derivative. By circumstances the form of said profile lines can be formed by the composition of various of such equations divided in various sections of the rotor.
A turbomachine designed and constructed according to these characteristics of the invention has, in relation to the traditional turbomachine surprisingly higher rates of efiiciencies, quite a more stable way of hydraulic performance and a better mechanical behavior.
Even when such rotor or impeller, provided with both characteristics of the invention, serves as the impeller for pumps and blowers or for turbine rotors, the same success is attained. In the description it is applied to pumps and compressors only for reasons of simplicity.
In the drawings the rotor comprises outer meridional profile lines 1 2 2" and inner shroud 6, between which extend vanes 4, to the shape of which the present invention is principally concerned. They translate the flow, of which one imaginary streamline 7 enters with the velocity Cm, and leaves the rotor with the velocity Cm The rotor is closely enclosed by outer wall 9 and inner wall 3. The vanes 4 are fixed on the impeller hub 8, which is impelled by shaft 5.
Because of the second characteristic of invention which prescribes that the outer and inner profiles of the vanes 1 2 and 1,2,- are equal and congruent, it appears that the radial extent of said vanes 1 -1 a; a,,, b: b,,, c; -c,, and 2 2,, are all of equal length.
I claim:
A turbomachine of the radial flow type having a rotor provided with vanes, said vanes being perpendicularly disposed with respect to the rotor axis throughout their extent, said vanes having circumferentially and outwardly curved inner and outer profiles, said profiles between two axially spaced planes being of equal length and of congruent curvature.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,169,232 Flanders Aug. 15, 1939 2,210,155 Szydlowski Aug. 6, 1940 2,393,808 Ponomaneif Jan. 29, 1946 2,393,933 Poole Jan. 29, 1946 2,609,141 Aue Sept. 2, 1952 2,806,645 Stalker Sept. 17, 1957 2,846,137 Smith Aug. 5, 1958 2,848,190 Barr Aug. 19, 1958 2,859,933 Whitaker Nov. 11, 1958 FOREIGN PATENTS 306,642 Germany July 4, 1918 375,065 Germany May 8, 1923 536,104 Belgium Mar. 15, 1955 546,417 France Nov. 10, 1922 767,969 Germany Apr. 18, 1955 885,050 Germany Aug. 3, 1953 1,056,389 France Feb. 26, 1954
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US666017A US3028140A (en) | 1957-06-17 | 1957-06-17 | Rotary fluid flow machine having rotor vanes constructed according to three dimensional calculations |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US666017A US3028140A (en) | 1957-06-17 | 1957-06-17 | Rotary fluid flow machine having rotor vanes constructed according to three dimensional calculations |
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US3028140A true US3028140A (en) | 1962-04-03 |
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US666017A Expired - Lifetime US3028140A (en) | 1957-06-17 | 1957-06-17 | Rotary fluid flow machine having rotor vanes constructed according to three dimensional calculations |
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Cited By (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3276383A (en) * | 1964-05-08 | 1966-10-04 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Pump for liquids at the boiling point |
US3299821A (en) * | 1964-08-21 | 1967-01-24 | Sundstrand Corp | Pump inducer |
US3363832A (en) * | 1967-03-02 | 1968-01-16 | Carrier Corp | Fans |
US4093401A (en) * | 1976-04-12 | 1978-06-06 | Sundstrand Corporation | Compressor impeller and method of manufacture |
US4540334A (en) * | 1982-12-22 | 1985-09-10 | Staehle Martin | Open-type centrifugal pump with single-blade impeller |
US4652212A (en) * | 1984-11-10 | 1987-03-24 | Daimler-Benz Aktiengesellschaft | Rotor for a gas turbine |
US4775270A (en) * | 1984-11-01 | 1988-10-04 | Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Impeller of centrifugal fluid-type rotary machine and manufacturing method thereof |
EP0476499A1 (en) * | 1990-09-15 | 1992-03-25 | Andreas Dr. Fiala | Radial wheel for turbomachine |
WO1995034744A1 (en) * | 1994-06-10 | 1995-12-21 | Ebara Corporation | Centrifugal or mixed flow turbomachinery |
US6062819A (en) * | 1995-12-07 | 2000-05-16 | Ebara Corporation | Turbomachinery and method of manufacturing the same |
US20110012356A1 (en) * | 2008-02-22 | 2011-01-20 | Douglas Burnham | Generator |
US20110243728A1 (en) * | 2010-04-01 | 2011-10-06 | Seco/Warwick S.A. | Blower designed for fitting particularly in a chamber furnace |
US20130175802A1 (en) * | 2012-01-05 | 2013-07-11 | Kenneth William Breau | Powered apparatus for fluid applications |
Citations (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
BE536104A (en) * | ||||
DE306642C (en) * | ||||
FR546417A (en) * | 1922-01-27 | 1922-11-10 | Nieuport Astra | Method for obtaining, to actuate a receiver, an air current whose speed through said receiver is greater than that of the wind which produces it, and device allowing the realization |
DE375065C (en) * | 1921-06-15 | 1923-05-08 | Arthur Schlotter G | Turbine arrangement to utilize free, turbulent currents |
US2169232A (en) * | 1939-04-08 | 1939-08-15 | Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co | Blower apparatus |
US2210155A (en) * | 1936-07-16 | 1940-08-06 | Szydlowski Josef | Machine for the displacement and compression of fluids |
US2393933A (en) * | 1942-02-27 | 1946-01-29 | Poole Ralph | Enclosing casing of propellers or impellers |
US2393808A (en) * | 1943-12-29 | 1946-01-29 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Blower apparatus |
US2609141A (en) * | 1944-10-02 | 1952-09-02 | Sulzer Ag | Centrifugal compressor |
DE885050C (en) * | 1950-11-29 | 1953-08-03 | Bruno C Grosskopf | Axial centrifugal machine, in particular pump, compressor and the like like |
FR1056389A (en) * | 1952-03-19 | 1954-02-26 | Havilland Engine Co Ltd | Improvements to rotary compressors for elastic fluids |
DE767969C (en) * | 1939-01-18 | 1955-04-18 | Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm | Axially flowed through compressor located in the air stream, especially for aircraft jet engines |
US2806645A (en) * | 1951-03-02 | 1957-09-17 | Edward A Stalker | Radial diffusion compressors |
US2846137A (en) * | 1955-06-03 | 1958-08-05 | Gen Electric | Construction for axial-flow turbomachinery |
US2848190A (en) * | 1952-10-02 | 1958-08-19 | Power Jets Res & Dev Ltd | Radial flow turbo-machines |
US2859933A (en) * | 1953-09-11 | 1958-11-11 | Garrett Corp | Turbine wheel exducer structure |
-
1957
- 1957-06-17 US US666017A patent/US3028140A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE306642C (en) * | ||||
BE536104A (en) * | ||||
DE375065C (en) * | 1921-06-15 | 1923-05-08 | Arthur Schlotter G | Turbine arrangement to utilize free, turbulent currents |
FR546417A (en) * | 1922-01-27 | 1922-11-10 | Nieuport Astra | Method for obtaining, to actuate a receiver, an air current whose speed through said receiver is greater than that of the wind which produces it, and device allowing the realization |
US2210155A (en) * | 1936-07-16 | 1940-08-06 | Szydlowski Josef | Machine for the displacement and compression of fluids |
DE767969C (en) * | 1939-01-18 | 1955-04-18 | Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm | Axially flowed through compressor located in the air stream, especially for aircraft jet engines |
US2169232A (en) * | 1939-04-08 | 1939-08-15 | Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co | Blower apparatus |
US2393933A (en) * | 1942-02-27 | 1946-01-29 | Poole Ralph | Enclosing casing of propellers or impellers |
US2393808A (en) * | 1943-12-29 | 1946-01-29 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Blower apparatus |
US2609141A (en) * | 1944-10-02 | 1952-09-02 | Sulzer Ag | Centrifugal compressor |
DE885050C (en) * | 1950-11-29 | 1953-08-03 | Bruno C Grosskopf | Axial centrifugal machine, in particular pump, compressor and the like like |
US2806645A (en) * | 1951-03-02 | 1957-09-17 | Edward A Stalker | Radial diffusion compressors |
FR1056389A (en) * | 1952-03-19 | 1954-02-26 | Havilland Engine Co Ltd | Improvements to rotary compressors for elastic fluids |
US2848190A (en) * | 1952-10-02 | 1958-08-19 | Power Jets Res & Dev Ltd | Radial flow turbo-machines |
US2859933A (en) * | 1953-09-11 | 1958-11-11 | Garrett Corp | Turbine wheel exducer structure |
US2846137A (en) * | 1955-06-03 | 1958-08-05 | Gen Electric | Construction for axial-flow turbomachinery |
Cited By (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3276383A (en) * | 1964-05-08 | 1966-10-04 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Pump for liquids at the boiling point |
US3299821A (en) * | 1964-08-21 | 1967-01-24 | Sundstrand Corp | Pump inducer |
US3363832A (en) * | 1967-03-02 | 1968-01-16 | Carrier Corp | Fans |
US4093401A (en) * | 1976-04-12 | 1978-06-06 | Sundstrand Corporation | Compressor impeller and method of manufacture |
US4540334A (en) * | 1982-12-22 | 1985-09-10 | Staehle Martin | Open-type centrifugal pump with single-blade impeller |
US4775270A (en) * | 1984-11-01 | 1988-10-04 | Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Impeller of centrifugal fluid-type rotary machine and manufacturing method thereof |
US4652212A (en) * | 1984-11-10 | 1987-03-24 | Daimler-Benz Aktiengesellschaft | Rotor for a gas turbine |
EP0476499A1 (en) * | 1990-09-15 | 1992-03-25 | Andreas Dr. Fiala | Radial wheel for turbomachine |
WO1995034744A1 (en) * | 1994-06-10 | 1995-12-21 | Ebara Corporation | Centrifugal or mixed flow turbomachinery |
US5685696A (en) * | 1994-06-10 | 1997-11-11 | Ebara Corporation | Centrifugal or mixed flow turbomachines |
US6062819A (en) * | 1995-12-07 | 2000-05-16 | Ebara Corporation | Turbomachinery and method of manufacturing the same |
US20110012356A1 (en) * | 2008-02-22 | 2011-01-20 | Douglas Burnham | Generator |
US8618687B2 (en) * | 2008-02-22 | 2013-12-31 | Douglas Burnham | Water inlet generator |
EP2247807B1 (en) * | 2008-02-22 | 2016-07-20 | Douglas Burnham | A generator |
US20110243728A1 (en) * | 2010-04-01 | 2011-10-06 | Seco/Warwick S.A. | Blower designed for fitting particularly in a chamber furnace |
US20130175802A1 (en) * | 2012-01-05 | 2013-07-11 | Kenneth William Breau | Powered apparatus for fluid applications |
US9097234B2 (en) * | 2012-01-05 | 2015-08-04 | Kenneth William Breau | Powered apparatus for fluid applications |
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