US3027607A - Sealing access openings in glazing units - Google Patents

Sealing access openings in glazing units Download PDF

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Publication number
US3027607A
US3027607A US737419A US73741958A US3027607A US 3027607 A US3027607 A US 3027607A US 737419 A US737419 A US 737419A US 73741958 A US73741958 A US 73741958A US 3027607 A US3027607 A US 3027607A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
glass
insert
coating
glazing
sheets
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US737419A
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English (en)
Inventor
Alfred E Badger
Glen J Lehr
Warren R Kowalka
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Libbey Owens Ford Glass Co
Original Assignee
Libbey Owens Ford Glass Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to LU37214D priority Critical patent/LU37214A1/xx
Priority to NL121877D priority patent/NL121877C/xx
Priority to NL239423D priority patent/NL239423A/xx
Application filed by Libbey Owens Ford Glass Co filed Critical Libbey Owens Ford Glass Co
Priority to US737419A priority patent/US3027607A/en
Priority to GB16360/59A priority patent/GB878175A/en
Priority to BE578874A priority patent/BE578874A/fr
Priority to DEL33269A priority patent/DE1094939B/de
Priority to DK182159AA priority patent/DK105880C/da
Priority to FR795384A priority patent/FR1225298A/fr
Priority to DK259564AA priority patent/DK105829C/da
Priority to ES0249567A priority patent/ES249567A1/es
Priority to CH7352959A priority patent/CH370905A/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3027607A publication Critical patent/US3027607A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
    • E06B3/677—Evacuating or filling the gap between the panes ; Equilibration of inside and outside pressure; Preventing condensation in the gap between the panes; Cleaning the gap between the panes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B23/00—Re-forming shaped glass
    • C03B23/20—Uniting glass pieces by fusing without substantial reshaping
    • C03B23/24—Making hollow glass sheets or bricks
    • C03B23/245—Hollow glass sheets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
    • C03C17/02—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with glass
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together

Definitions

  • This invention relates broadly to all-glass multiple sheet glazing units, and more particularly to the sealing of the dehydration holes in such glazing units.
  • Multiple sheet glass glazing units of the type with which the invention is concerned generally comprise two or more sheets of glass that are arranged in spaced face-toface relation and fused to one another entirely around their edge portions to provide an hermetically sealed air space therebetween. Due principally to their insulating and condensation-preventing qualities such units have been found to be especially valuable for use as windows in buildings, showcases, vehicles and the like.
  • one important step is the dehydration of the space between the glass sheets. This is conventionally performed by flushing out the normally moisture containing air from the interior of the unit and introducing dry air or gas under pressure therein. The procedure may be expedited by partially evacuating the interior of the unit before introducing the dry gas or air.
  • the access opening can be drilled or cut in the face portions of the sheets or formed in an edge wall during fabrication.
  • the low melting enamels with which such inserts have heretofore been coated have not proved satisfactory in practice because under the heating necessary to seal the enamel coated metal insert into the glass of the glazing unit, the materials compounded into the low melting enamel, such as lead oxide or boric oxide, tend to produce a bubbly condition and do not permanently seal the opening. Moreover, the sealing heat will otherwise materially change the original identity of the enamel so as to alter its physical characteristics and properties. For example, the thermal expansion characteristics of the enamels, which initially were carefully chosen to match those of the glass of the unit, have been found to be so seriously affected by rapid and/ or intense heating as to destroy the seal on temperature shock.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an all-glass glazing unit with which the present invention is particularly concerned;
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the glazing unit taken along line 2-2 of FIG. 1 showing the novel insert in place in an edge Wall;
  • FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic view of the different parts of an apparatus for producing an all-glass glazing unit incorporating the novel insert of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a tumbling chamber or ball-mill used in applying the glass to the metal insert;
  • FIG. 5 is a greatly enlarged, fragmentary, cross-sectional view of an insert with the glass thereon;
  • FIG. 6 is a perspective view of one step in the preparation of a glazed coating on the metal insert.
  • FIG. 7 is a fragmentary, greatly enlarged, cross-sectional view of the metal insert with the glazed coating thereon.
  • FIGS. 11 and 2 there is illustrated an all-glass double glazing unit 10 incorporating a cylindrical metallic insert 11 coated in the novel manner of the present invention.
  • the hollow interior of the insert 11 provides the necessary access opening to the interior 12 of the glazing unit for dehydrating the same after which the insert can be closed by a body of solder 13 in order to hermetically seal the unit.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates diagrammatically one way in which the glazing unit of FIG. 1 can be produced with the coated insert 11 incorporated therein.
  • a pair of glass sheets 14 and 15 in spaced face-to-face relation are carried past fusing burners 16 which progressively heat the marginal edges of the sheets until they are pliable.
  • the heated edges are then passed through a pair of forming rolls 17 to progressively urge the edges together into fusing contact to produce a Sealed edge Wall.
  • the insert 11 is introduced into position between the edges of the glass sheets just in front of the forming rolls 17 by an arm 18.
  • the insert moves with the sheets toward and into contact with the forming rolls the glass edges are fused about the insert to securely seal the same into the edge wall.
  • the fabrication is carried out within a furnace which is maintained at an elevated temperature (approximately 1000 F.).
  • the insert 11 may be placed in the edge wall as described above without special preparation, it has been found to produce a superior sealing relationship if the insert is preheated to a condition of redness immediately prior to its being placed in the edge wall. In FIG. 3 this is shown being accomplished by a burner 19. Also, in order to reduce the possibility of contaminating the surface of the insert with particles of carbon which might affect the bond of the insert to the glass, the burner 19 preferably burns a hydrogen flame.
  • the selection of a metal having the desired properties is still not a complete answer to a satisfactory glazed insert type of seal.
  • a proper pretreatment of the metal insert is also important; and according to the present invention the composition of the glazing coating and the manner in which the coating is applied are both important and inventive features.
  • a satisfactory preheatment of the metal inserts may include:
  • the diiferent kind of glazing coating of this invention is composed of glass having substantially the same composition as that of the glass unit to be sealed.
  • most of the multiple glas sheet glazing units of the type with which the invention is concerned are made with conventional soda-lime-silica plate or Window glass. Applicants have found that best results are obtained in sealing metal inserts into the dehydration holes in such units when a glazed coating of substantially the same composition as the plate or window glass used in the unit is employed.
  • oxides of cobalt, nickel and manganese for example are incorporated into any glass or glaze composition it has a tendency to increase the property of the material to stick to metal, and the incorporation of oxides of these metals into the glass glaze used with the present invention has been found to increase the adherence or bond between the metal and glass.
  • the following modified composition has proved very successful when used as a glazing coating of metal inserts to be sealed into multiple sheet glazing units made with glass sheets having the approximate composition set forth above.
  • This modified window glass composition can be prepared by melting the following glass batch ingredients at about 2.600 F.
  • this invention contemplates coating the metal inserts by impact between a solid form of the glaze material to be applied and the surface of the metal insert.
  • impact application of the coating may be accomplished in a number of different ways but as a practical matter it has been found that it can be satisfactorily carried out by placing a supply of the metal inserts 11 into a tumbling apparatus with pieces of hard glass having the desired composition. After the glass and inserts have been tumbled together for a sufficient length of time (approximately five hours) the glass will become pulverized and it will be found that the inserts have not only been completely coated with glass particles or powder but small particles of glass will have been partially embedded in the surface of the metal.
  • FIG. 4 One form of tumbling apparatus or ball-mill is illustrated at 20in FIG. 4 and consists of a substantially cylindrical chamber 21 open at one end and over which opening a removable cover 22 may be tightly fitted.
  • the chamber 21, is carried by an axle 23 diagonally disposed relative thereto.
  • the extremities of the axle are journaled in a pair of upright supports 24 and driven by a pulley 25 powered by a motor (not shown). Rotation of the shaft or axle 23 tumbles or agitates the contents of the chamber 21 providing a continuous impacting of the inserts by the glass.
  • FIG. 5 there is shown a metal insert after it has undergone the tumbling action described above. It should be particularly noted that small particlm of glass 26 are partially embedded or anchored in the surface of the metal which is a primary factor in the improved bonding of the novel glazed coating to the insert.
  • the next step of the process is to heat the inserts which have been tumbled and covered with the glass powder 26 so as to melt the glass and provide a smooth tightly adhering coating 27 thereover (FIGS. 6 and 7). This may be done by placing a plurality of tumbled inserts on a wire 28 and passing them through a flame 2.9. The flame melts the powdered glass producing the glazed coating 27. After the inserts have been heated in this manner they are allowed to cool and after removal from the wire 28 may be either stored or used immediately.
  • An alternative method is to fuse the powdered glass coating in an electric furnace under controlled temperature and atmospheric conditions.
  • the glazed insert of the present invention achieves its superior bonding properties by the summation of the several individual features each of which contributes to the notable improvement.
  • the embedding of the glass particles in the metal surface by the impacting operation is believed to produce a mechanical anchoring that is maintained even after the glass is melted into a smooth glazed coating.
  • the coating glass is of substantially the same composition as that of the glass sheets comprising the unit, its properties will be the same as that of the glass sheets and, accordingly, the adherence between the glazing and the glass sheets will be superior.
  • a third property which contributes to the superior sealing qualities is that the metal of the insert has thermal expansion characteristics closely approximating those of the glazed coating applied to it, thus inhibiting any loosening of the coating caused by differences in expansion at the elevated temperatures encountered during the fusing of the glazed insert in the unit. All of these factors contributes toward providing a superior sealing of the insert in a glass wall.
  • the preferable way which produces highly satisfactory results, is to apply a drop of solder in the external opening of the insert as shown best in FIG. 2.
  • the method of hermetically sealing the dehydration opening in a double glass sheet glazing unit composed of glass sheets spaced from one another in face-to-face relation and fused together at their marginal edges to provide a space therebetween, which comprises applying a powdered glass of the same composition as that of the glass sheets to an apertured metallic insert by impacting the metallic insert with hard glass to physically anchor the same to said insert, heating said insert to fuse said powdered glass into a glazed coating, inserting said coated insert into said opening, heating the coated insert and the glass portions surrounding said insert until they are fused to one another, filling the unit with dry air through said aperture in said insert, and closing the aperture of said insert by a body of solder.
  • An all-glass multiple sheet glazing unit which comprises a pair of spaced glass sheets fused together at their marginal edge portions enclosing a space therebetween, a cylindrical apertured metal insert having a coating of glass of the same composition as that of said sheets fused into a passage to the enclosed space formed in at least one of said glass sheets, and a body of solder received within said aperture for hermetically sealing the same.
  • an all-glass multiple sheet glazing unit comprised of a pair of spaced parallel sheets of glass fused together along their edge portions to enclose a space therebetween and having a passage formed in one edge of said unit leading to the space between the glass sheets, a cylindrical apertured metal insert received within said passage and also communicating with the space between the glass sheets, and a layer of glass of the same composition as that of said glass sheets interposed between and fused to the wall of said passage and to said insert.
  • a method of producing a multiple glass sheet glazing unit comprising supporting two sheets of glass in spaced face-to-face relation with respect to one another, heating the spaced marginal edge portions of the glass sheets to a temperature at which they are pliable, placing a hollow metallic insert provided with a coating of glass of substantially the same composition as that of the glass sheets between the heated marginal edge portions of the glass sheets, and pressing the heated marginal edge portions of the glass sheets together to fuse them to one another and to simultaneously fuse the hollow metallic insert in place between the marginal edge portions of said sheets.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
US737419A 1958-05-23 1958-05-23 Sealing access openings in glazing units Expired - Lifetime US3027607A (en)

Priority Applications (12)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
LU37214D LU37214A1 (en)) 1958-05-23
NL121877D NL121877C (en)) 1958-05-23
NL239423D NL239423A (en)) 1958-05-23
US737419A US3027607A (en) 1958-05-23 1958-05-23 Sealing access openings in glazing units
GB16360/59A GB878175A (en) 1958-05-23 1959-05-13 Sealing access openings in glazing units
BE578874A BE578874A (fr) 1958-05-23 1959-05-20 Scellage des ouvertures d'accès prévues dans les blocs de vitrage.
DEL33269A DE1094939B (de) 1958-05-23 1959-05-21 Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Mehrfachglasscheibe
DK182159AA DK105880C (da) 1958-05-23 1959-05-22 Glasrudeenhed og fremgangsmåde ved dens fremstilling.
FR795384A FR1225298A (fr) 1958-05-23 1959-05-22 Fermeture étanche des ouvertures d'accès dans les ensembles vitrés
DK259564AA DK105829C (da) 1958-05-23 1959-05-22 Fremgangsmåde ved fremstilling af dobbelte glasruder.
ES0249567A ES249567A1 (es) 1958-05-23 1959-05-22 Nuevo procedimiento de fabricacion de unidades multiples de vidrio
CH7352959A CH370905A (de) 1958-05-23 1959-05-23 Doppelscheibige Verglasung und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US737419A US3027607A (en) 1958-05-23 1958-05-23 Sealing access openings in glazing units

Publications (1)

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US3027607A true US3027607A (en) 1962-04-03

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US737419A Expired - Lifetime US3027607A (en) 1958-05-23 1958-05-23 Sealing access openings in glazing units

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US (1) US3027607A (en))
BE (1) BE578874A (en))
CH (1) CH370905A (en))
DE (1) DE1094939B (en))
DK (2) DK105829C (en))
ES (1) ES249567A1 (en))
FR (1) FR1225298A (en))
GB (1) GB878175A (en))
LU (1) LU37214A1 (en))
NL (2) NL121877C (en))

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2408026A1 (fr) * 1977-11-03 1979-06-01 Libbey Owens Ford Co Elements metalliques tubulaires pour vitrage multiple et leur procede de traitement
US4209556A (en) * 1976-11-03 1980-06-24 Libbey-Owens-Ford Company Method of processing glazed tubular inserts
US4372993A (en) * 1980-12-23 1983-02-08 Seidel Michael J Method for making enamel beads and resulting product
US5657607A (en) * 1989-08-23 1997-08-19 University Of Sydney Thermally insulating glass panel and method of construction
US5897927A (en) * 1997-06-30 1999-04-27 Industrial Technology Research Institute Seal for vacuum devices and methods for making same
US5902652A (en) * 1993-06-30 1999-05-11 University Of Sydney Methods of construction of evacuated glazing
WO2002042593A1 (en) 2000-11-20 2002-05-30 Cardinal Ig Company Insulating glass unit pressure equalization valve
US20020197422A1 (en) * 2001-06-21 2002-12-26 Paul Trpkovski Producing and servicing insulating glass units
US6804924B2 (en) 2001-10-12 2004-10-19 Cardinal Ig Company Repair of insulating glass units
US20100119740A1 (en) * 2008-10-17 2010-05-13 Electronics Packaging Solutions, Inc. Glass-to-metal bond structure
US8470399B1 (en) 2011-03-16 2013-06-25 Barbara A. Lewis Bead processing system
US9328512B2 (en) 2011-05-05 2016-05-03 Eversealed Windows, Inc. Method and apparatus for an insulating glazing unit and compliant seal for an insulating glazing unit
US9540863B2 (en) 2010-06-02 2017-01-10 Eversealed Windows, Inc. Multi-pane glass unit having seal with adhesive and gas-restrictive coating layer
US9546513B2 (en) 2013-10-18 2017-01-17 Eversealed Windows, Inc. Edge seal assemblies for hermetic insulating glass units and vacuum insulating glass units

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2495837A (en) * 1949-04-27 1950-01-31 George N Hibben Enameled articles
US2683906A (en) * 1952-05-15 1954-07-20 Pittsburgh Corning Corp Pore closure for double glazed units and method of producing same
US2686342A (en) * 1949-05-13 1954-08-17 Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co Sealing of openings in glass
US2772187A (en) * 1954-06-02 1956-11-27 Gen Ceramics Corp Porcelain enameling
US2894294A (en) * 1955-04-08 1959-07-14 Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co Pore closure structure for multiple glazed unit

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2795018A (en) * 1954-03-04 1957-06-11 Corning Glass Works Double-glazed cells

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2495837A (en) * 1949-04-27 1950-01-31 George N Hibben Enameled articles
US2686342A (en) * 1949-05-13 1954-08-17 Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co Sealing of openings in glass
US2683906A (en) * 1952-05-15 1954-07-20 Pittsburgh Corning Corp Pore closure for double glazed units and method of producing same
US2772187A (en) * 1954-06-02 1956-11-27 Gen Ceramics Corp Porcelain enameling
US2894294A (en) * 1955-04-08 1959-07-14 Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co Pore closure structure for multiple glazed unit

Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4209556A (en) * 1976-11-03 1980-06-24 Libbey-Owens-Ford Company Method of processing glazed tubular inserts
FR2408026A1 (fr) * 1977-11-03 1979-06-01 Libbey Owens Ford Co Elements metalliques tubulaires pour vitrage multiple et leur procede de traitement
US4372993A (en) * 1980-12-23 1983-02-08 Seidel Michael J Method for making enamel beads and resulting product
US5657607A (en) * 1989-08-23 1997-08-19 University Of Sydney Thermally insulating glass panel and method of construction
US5902652A (en) * 1993-06-30 1999-05-11 University Of Sydney Methods of construction of evacuated glazing
US6103324A (en) * 1993-06-30 2000-08-15 The University Of Sydney Methods of construction of evacuated glazing
US5897927A (en) * 1997-06-30 1999-04-27 Industrial Technology Research Institute Seal for vacuum devices and methods for making same
WO2002042593A1 (en) 2000-11-20 2002-05-30 Cardinal Ig Company Insulating glass unit pressure equalization valve
US6553728B1 (en) 2000-11-20 2003-04-29 Cardinal Ig Company Insulating glass unit pressure equalization valve
US6916392B2 (en) 2001-06-21 2005-07-12 Cardinal Ig Company Producing and servicing insulating glass units
US20020197422A1 (en) * 2001-06-21 2002-12-26 Paul Trpkovski Producing and servicing insulating glass units
US6804924B2 (en) 2001-10-12 2004-10-19 Cardinal Ig Company Repair of insulating glass units
US20040211142A1 (en) * 2001-10-12 2004-10-28 Cardinal Ig Company Repair of insulating glass units
US7134251B2 (en) 2001-10-12 2006-11-14 Cardinal Ig Company Repair of insulating glass units
US20100119740A1 (en) * 2008-10-17 2010-05-13 Electronics Packaging Solutions, Inc. Glass-to-metal bond structure
US9540863B2 (en) 2010-06-02 2017-01-10 Eversealed Windows, Inc. Multi-pane glass unit having seal with adhesive and gas-restrictive coating layer
US8470399B1 (en) 2011-03-16 2013-06-25 Barbara A. Lewis Bead processing system
US9328512B2 (en) 2011-05-05 2016-05-03 Eversealed Windows, Inc. Method and apparatus for an insulating glazing unit and compliant seal for an insulating glazing unit
US10119327B2 (en) 2011-05-05 2018-11-06 Astravac Glass, Inc. Method and apparatus for an insulating glazing unit and compliant seal for an insulating glazing unit
US11035168B2 (en) 2011-05-05 2021-06-15 Astravac Glass, Inc. Method and apparatus for an insulating glazing unit and compliant seal for an insulating glazing unit
US9546513B2 (en) 2013-10-18 2017-01-17 Eversealed Windows, Inc. Edge seal assemblies for hermetic insulating glass units and vacuum insulating glass units

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB878175A (en) 1961-09-27
DK105829C (da) 1966-11-14
BE578874A (fr) 1959-11-20
NL239423A (en))
FR1225298A (fr) 1960-06-30
DK105880C (da) 1966-11-21
CH370905A (de) 1963-07-31
NL121877C (en))
LU37214A1 (en))
DE1094939B (de) 1960-12-15
ES249567A1 (es) 1959-12-01

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