US3021275A - Electron discharge apparatus for treatment of plastic materials - Google Patents

Electron discharge apparatus for treatment of plastic materials Download PDF

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Publication number
US3021275A
US3021275A US629725A US62972556A US3021275A US 3021275 A US3021275 A US 3021275A US 629725 A US629725 A US 629725A US 62972556 A US62972556 A US 62972556A US 3021275 A US3021275 A US 3021275A
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United States
Prior art keywords
treatment
spindles
electrodes
plastic materials
tubes
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Expired - Lifetime
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US629725A
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English (en)
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Sestini Amerigo
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C59/00—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C59/10—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor by electric discharge treatment
    • B29C59/103—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor by electric discharge treatment of profiled articles, e.g. hollow or tubular articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C59/00—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C59/10—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor by electric discharge treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D7/00—Producing flat articles, e.g. films or sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C71/00—After-treatment of articles without altering their shape; Apparatus therefor

Definitions

  • the apparatus according to the invention substantially L includes two electrodes, between which a high frequency and high voltage electric field is generated and said electrodes being fed or supplied by a corresponding alternate voltage and also includes means for the handling of said material, thereby passing said pre-formed elements to be treated respectively, through said field.
  • the apparatus which may include a generator or a current rectifier for the supply of a levelled current, is more particularly provided with a high frequency selfoscillating system and with a step-up transformer, whose secondary is connected to the electrodes generating said electric field.
  • a generator or a current rectifier for the supply of a levelled current is more particularly provided with a high frequency selfoscillating system and with a step-up transformer, whose secondary is connected to the electrodes generating said electric field.
  • a regulator for the adjustmentof the intensity of the electrical field, particularly wth relation to the thicknesses of the materials to be treated.
  • the regulator is preferably a variable resistor inserted in the grid circuit of an electronic tube, preferably a triode tube forming a part of the self-oscillating system.
  • the apparatus includes means for the unwinding of the endless sheet through the high intensity and high frequency alternate field, which is generated by two electrodes between which the material is passed.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic view illustrating an embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view through a main geometrical axis of a machine for the treatment of small tubes or other equivalent elements in accordance with the invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a fragmentary view of FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view of the apparatus illustrated in FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 5 is an elevational view of a small tube illustrating the zone of the tube which may be treated.
  • numeral 1 generically denotes an alternating current power source, designed to supply through the switches 2 the primary circuit of a step-up transformer 3.
  • Two rectifying tubes 4 or selenium rectifiers, for rectifying the current, and a capacitor 5 for levelling the current, are connected to the secondary circuit of the transformer.
  • a second system of transformers 6, 7 supplies a selfoscillating system including a triode 8, whose grid circuit includes a variable resistor 9.
  • the self-oscillating circuit is completed by a transformer 10 which includes two coupled and calibrated windings to make the system oscillate at the frequency required, and whose high voltage secondary, oscillating at the frequency imposed by the triode system, is connected to two pairs of electrodes 11a, 11b and 12a, 12b respectively; said electrodes being appropriately and mutually close to one another.
  • a dielectric material 13 is inserted between the plate-like electrodes of each pair of electrodes 11a, 11b and 12a, 12b.
  • the material to be treated is passed between the electrodes of the two pairs of electrodes and thus is submitted to the aforesaid molecular surface treatment due to the electric field generated as abovementioned.
  • the surface modification of the material, obtained with this procedure is higher in correspondence of the surface directly facing the electrode and lower in correspondence of the surface facing or in sliding contact with the dielectric material 13.
  • the preliminary treatment prior to the printing is obtained on one surface and thereupon the material 14 is introduced into the apparatus.
  • the adjustable resistor 9 of the grid circuit of the triode 8 is varied in accordance to the thickness of the material to be treated, to the intensity of the treatment required, and also in relation to the passage speed of the material 14. l
  • the apparatus may be combined with an extrusion machine, and to a printing machine for the treatment of the material to be printed.
  • the apparatus may also be alone and include winding and unwinding means.
  • numeral 21 denotes a casing forming the main structure of the machine and contains the electric, electronic and electro-mechanical members for the movement of the mechanical members and for the generation of the high frequency and high voltage electric field.
  • 22 generically denotes the generator for the supply of the electrodes generating the electric field
  • 23 denotes a motor for the mechanical motion, with an appropriate speed regulator 24.
  • This arrangement allows a relatively slow rotation. of a main vertical shaft 25, which is mounted in the casing 21 in bearings 26 and emerges out of said casing at the upper portion to engage a circular table 27. This table thus slowly rotates through the drive of the motor 23 and the rotation is continuous.
  • the table 27 is provided on its periphery with a plurality of spindles 28 which according to the embodiment are mounted in individual bearings 28a for free rotation about their vertical axes.
  • the spindles are insulated with respect to the casing, the table 27 being made up of a strong insulating material.
  • These spindles 28 extend above the table 27 to a height at least greater than the length of small plastic tubes to be treated; the small tubes being generically denoted at 29.
  • the small tubes 29 are open at the end opposite to the one forming the neck 29a and are treated by the present machine along their outer cylindrical surface upon a surface having the height d as shown in FIG. 5, and which is variable in position and in height.
  • the small tubes 29 have a diameter larger than the spindles 28 so that these small tubes may be inserted on the spindles 28.
  • the spindles may be cylindrical or shaped to the openings in the components to be treated.
  • a plurality of supports 31 is provided adjacent to the v I trajectory in. which the spindles 28 move upon rotation of: the table 27011 the casing 21..
  • The'supports carry am element 32 in which a pluralityof stems 33 is slidably' housed. stems,: in turn, hold a slide block .34 at their inner ends and extendfor a determined angular por tion which may be, forexample, in the range of /4 to A2 of. a circumference.
  • the slide block 34 assures. a metallic contact with the spindles, the slide block being electrically connected with a phase of the high frequency/generator. I w
  • An 'arcuate block 39- of metal is arranged between the i I two slide blocks 3738 on the supports 31'. 'I'he'block ment is being effected.
  • a handcontrol or a totally or. partially automatic control may be provided for this
  • the expulsion of the tubes may ;purpose. be effected by a jet of compressed air.
  • the machine may also bev used for the treatment of plastic material elements different withrespect. to the;
  • the spindles may be, for instance,
  • Adevice for the treatment of sheets and plates of synthetic material, particularly of polyethylene, for the 39 is electrically connected to the other phase of the high I 1 1 frequency generator and thus'said block 39 forms an-v electrode designed to cooperate Withthe multiple 'electrodes formed by the spindles 28 which pass in front of.
  • the block 39 carries aspacer of the dielectric material which grazes the walls of the tubes29,
  • the rolling is extended for all the portion of the trajectory of each spindle in front and along the slide blocks 37--38 and for the entire extension of the slide block 34 and of the electrode 39.
  • the treated zone (having the height :1 of FIG. 5) depends upon the height of the electrode 39, measured parallel to the axis of shaft 25.
  • the electrode 39 is replaceable as are also the spindles.
  • the small tubes are removed and replaced along a portion of the circular path of movement of the spindles and at points from the area where the electrical treatpreparation oftheir surfaces for the reception of. inks :andcolors so that with the subsequent printing on said :surfaces anadherence of the ink and color will occur,
  • a-voltagechange device comprising: a-voltagechange device; a voltage rectifying -device;v a high frequency auto-oscillating electronic'cir-' cuit. including at least a triodeg' a step-up transformer awherein. one winding fed by: said auto-oscillating'circu1t; a second primary winding on saidstep-up .transformer. connected on one side 'ofthe'grid of said .triode' I and .onthe other side to an adjustable dissipation resistor;
  • a dielectric material layer separating said electrodes means; means for the conveying of the sheet material between said electrode means whereby the surfaceof-v said sheet material, which is opposite to that facing said dielectric material layer, is treated.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Elimination Of Static Electricity (AREA)
US629725A 1955-06-21 1956-12-20 Electron discharge apparatus for treatment of plastic materials Expired - Lifetime US3021275A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT341517X 1955-06-21
IT841329X 1955-12-29

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US3021275A true US3021275A (en) 1962-02-13

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US629725A Expired - Lifetime US3021275A (en) 1955-06-21 1956-12-20 Electron discharge apparatus for treatment of plastic materials

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US (1) US3021275A (en))
BE (1) BE552953A (en))
CH (1) CH341517A (en))
GB (1) GB841329A (en))

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3428801A (en) * 1966-02-16 1969-02-18 Ralph L Williams Apparatus for treating the surface of plastic bottles with an electrical spark discharge

Citations (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1927381A (en) * 1932-03-31 1933-09-19 Allen William Watson Process of opposing offset in printing
US2226871A (en) * 1938-04-09 1940-12-31 Hall Printing Co W F Apparatus for drying
US2459225A (en) * 1946-03-15 1949-01-18 Girdler Corp Method of controlling high-frequency heating of dielectric material
US2526724A (en) * 1947-01-03 1950-10-24 United Shoe Machinery Corp Method of high-frequency heating
US2528428A (en) * 1946-04-25 1950-10-31 Cutler Hammer Inc Electrostatic heating apparatus
US2666129A (en) * 1948-03-05 1954-01-12 Nat Cylinder Gas Co System for controlling oscillator grid current
US2679573A (en) * 1949-04-01 1954-05-25 Westinghouse Electric Corp Continuous dielectric heating means
US2691613A (en) * 1951-02-23 1954-10-12 Carl A Baer Method of fabricating envelopes employing plastic materials
US2779848A (en) * 1950-10-28 1957-01-29 Firestone Tire & Rubber Co Machine for electronic processing of dielectric articles
US2802085A (en) * 1955-11-01 1957-08-06 Modern Plastic Machinery Corp Apparatus for the treatment of plastic materials
US2810933A (en) * 1952-02-09 1957-10-29 Union Carbide Corp Apparatus for and method of treating plastic film
US2859480A (en) * 1954-12-13 1958-11-11 Olin Mathieson Method of treating polyethylene sheet material
US2864756A (en) * 1955-06-08 1958-12-16 Modern Plastic Machinery Corp Method and apparatus for the treatment of plastic materials
US2910723A (en) * 1952-08-07 1959-11-03 Traver Investments Inc Method and means for treating nonadherent surfaces to render them adherent

Patent Citations (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1927381A (en) * 1932-03-31 1933-09-19 Allen William Watson Process of opposing offset in printing
US2226871A (en) * 1938-04-09 1940-12-31 Hall Printing Co W F Apparatus for drying
US2459225A (en) * 1946-03-15 1949-01-18 Girdler Corp Method of controlling high-frequency heating of dielectric material
US2528428A (en) * 1946-04-25 1950-10-31 Cutler Hammer Inc Electrostatic heating apparatus
US2526724A (en) * 1947-01-03 1950-10-24 United Shoe Machinery Corp Method of high-frequency heating
US2666129A (en) * 1948-03-05 1954-01-12 Nat Cylinder Gas Co System for controlling oscillator grid current
US2679573A (en) * 1949-04-01 1954-05-25 Westinghouse Electric Corp Continuous dielectric heating means
US2779848A (en) * 1950-10-28 1957-01-29 Firestone Tire & Rubber Co Machine for electronic processing of dielectric articles
US2691613A (en) * 1951-02-23 1954-10-12 Carl A Baer Method of fabricating envelopes employing plastic materials
US2810933A (en) * 1952-02-09 1957-10-29 Union Carbide Corp Apparatus for and method of treating plastic film
US2910723A (en) * 1952-08-07 1959-11-03 Traver Investments Inc Method and means for treating nonadherent surfaces to render them adherent
US2859480A (en) * 1954-12-13 1958-11-11 Olin Mathieson Method of treating polyethylene sheet material
US2864756A (en) * 1955-06-08 1958-12-16 Modern Plastic Machinery Corp Method and apparatus for the treatment of plastic materials
US2802085A (en) * 1955-11-01 1957-08-06 Modern Plastic Machinery Corp Apparatus for the treatment of plastic materials

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3428801A (en) * 1966-02-16 1969-02-18 Ralph L Williams Apparatus for treating the surface of plastic bottles with an electrical spark discharge

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GB841329A (en) 1960-07-13
BE552953A (en))
CH341517A (fr) 1959-10-15

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