US3013619A

US3013619A - Moldboard plow

Info

Publication number: US3013619A
Application number: US709119A
Authority: US
Inventors: Szabo Istvan; Bagi Andras; Gordos Bela
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1957-08-21
Filing date: 1958-01-15
Publication date: 1961-12-19
Anticipated expiration: 1978-12-19
Also published as: BE562724A; GB831396A

Description

Dec. 19, 1961 1. szAB x-:TAL

MOLDBOARD PLOW 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Jan. l5, 1958 balia' IN VEN TORS /ffM/x/ 52455, 4A/m24; By A 44 xL/0J aa Dec. 19, 1961 l. SZAB ET A1.

MOLDBOARD PLOW 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Jan. l5, 1958 INENTORS WMA/V45 ,Ma/P45 BY 544/, fz/05 ma t Patented Dec- 19:

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3,013,619 MOLDBOARD PLOW Istvan Szabo, Debrecen, and Andi-as Bagi, Laios Edel, and Bela Gordos, Mosonrnagyarovar, Hungary Filed llan. 15, 1958, Ser. No. 769,119 Claims priority, application Hungary Ang. 21, 1957 2 Claims. (Cl. 172-715) The present invention relates to plows or other soil tilling machines such as employed in agriculture and earth work and its main object is to reduce the amount of power necessary for the toWingo-f the machine.

It is known that parts of these machines that move in the ground and come in touch with the soil, are pressed to the ground with great force, thus giving rise to a heavy friction during their motion and necessitating great tractive power.

It is an object of the present invention to provide for considerable reduction of this power by transforming the greater part of the sliding friction into rolling friction.

In accordance with the invention, one or more parts of the soil filling components which during working come in touch with moved or stationary earth and travel past it are `for that purpose replaced by rotatably journalled rolling parts; in such a manner that thi-s rolling component is caused to rotate or move by its own progressive movement. in this way, sliding friction is transformed into rolling friction.

One of the most essential embodiments of this invention is the improvement of plows whose mold board and plow sole are pressed with great force against the side and bottom of the furrow, giving rise to great sliding friction in these spots. In accordance with this invention, the plow is provided with a wheel rolling on the lower part of the side of the furrow, thus transferring the resultant forces originated by plowing to the side of the furrow. Thus this rolling part, referred to hereafter `as rolling plow sole, is suitable for transforming the sliding friction originating on the side of the stationary parts of earth into a rolling friction, thus considerably reducing the necessary tractive power. Y

Another improvement in accordance with the invention is that also the mold board is replaced by a rotatably journalled part, i.e. one or more rollers oran endless belt which directs and turns over the split and lifted soil in the same manner as a mold board of conventional plows. This accomplishes the transformation of the sliding friction into rolling friction also in that location where the plow already passes along the lifted or moved earth and allows further reduction of the tractive power.

The invention can also be incorporated in clay cutters, machines for rooting out beetroots, trench and sewer plows, viniculture plows and in other machines working the soil; its principal use, however, is for soil filling. The attached drawings therefore represent embodiments of the invention in plows, but other objects and uses will become apparent from the following description of the drawings in which FiG. 1 is a side view of a plow provided with the previously mentioned rolling plo-w sole and with a roller replacing the rear part of the mold board.

FIG. 2 is a rear view and FIG. 3 a top view of the plow in accordance with FIG. 1.

FIG. 4 shows a plow with the mold board replaced by a continuous belt running on two rollers.

FlGS. l to 3 represent a plow body of conventional design the rear part of which i.e. the Wing of the mold board is indicated in dotted lines. This part becomes obsolete when, in accordance with the present invention, a roller replaces a large part of the mold board wing in that area, with the plow bottom then ending at the edge indicated in dotted lines.

The drawing shows the plow head 1 to which all remaining parts are securedand the plow share 2 of conventional form for normal operation. There is no mold board or plow sole since these parts are replaced by the rolling plow sole 3. This plow sole is disposed generally horizontally, but assumes a slanting position with respect to the horizontal as shown on the drawing, since this position corresponds to the resultant of the horizontal and vertical forces pressing on the rolling plow sole. Ex perience has shown that this slant, i.e., the angle indicated at a in the drawing, should be between 15 and 30.

In the drawing the rollingV plow sole is in the form of a disc with a tire, for example with an inner tube or air chamber; for practical purposes it may be desirable to use a wheel having a tire with an air chamber or made of microporous sponge rubber. However, it is also possible to use a different type of wheel, preferably one having an elastic tire, or a roller which when pressed against the lower part of t'he'side of the furrow is made to rotate during the movement of the plow. In this manner, the wheel absorbs in a rolling manner the forces that develop. Thus the sliding friction in thev furrow is converted into rolling friction which results in a considerable reduction of tractive forces. The wheel or roller can be mounted in sliding or rolier bearings, the latter being more advantageous.

The rolling plow sole 3 can be adjusted together with its axle d, which means that it can be shifted in its plane and then tightened in its adjusted position so as to ensure freedom of lateral sliding friction of the plow bottom as a result of the position of the wheel. 'For this purpose the rolling snow plow is mounted by means of an extension 4arm S on the plate 6 which has an elongated slot (FIG. 3). The rolling pl-ow sole can be displaced within this slot and then be secured in its set position by friction, denting or in any other way. A ,y

A pneumatic tire has made it possible to inflate the plow soles more strongly for the plowing of hard or loamy soil than for work in loose, sandy earth; nevertheless, a wheel with an air chamber or a faultless tire of microporous rubber sponge is the best, since in general such a wheel is absolutely reliable and does not need any maintenance.

The rolling plow sole 3 with an elastic tire continually changes its shape to a small extent because of varying resistances and it also changes its position because of the unevenness of the'furow side and of small bearing surfaces, thus imparting an oscillating movement to the plow bottom in the soil, reducing the sticking and also facilitatu ing its movement in the soil; this contributes to a further reduction of the tractive power. l

The mold board on plows is intended to direct to the side, turn, mix and soften the split and lifted earth. The soil must slide past the mold board and even though this part of the plow is madevof steel ground as smooth as a mirror, the friction in this area is still considerable. In accordance with this invention, one or more rollers are used in place of the moldboard or at least in pla-ce of `a part of it; which are shown'at 7 in FIGS. l to 3. In the illustrated embodiment of the invention this roller consists of a rotating body tapered (concave) toward its middle, but other types of rollers may also be used, even rollers which are not shaped like a rotating body. The roller may be solid or hollow, be made of wood, metal, plastics or any other suitable material, it can have smooth or dented surfaces or surfaces with studs and elevations, etc. The surface of theserotating partsor rotating bodies is suitably made of elastic mciroporous rubber sponge or similar material, since no soil will stick to its due to the motion. Experience will show which roller types 'are suited best for individual types of soil for earthf turning, mixing and softening. y I L Roller 7 has a slanting position such that its axis of rotation, when seen from the side, shows its top part inclined forward, while the same top part, viewed from above is slanted towards the side of the furrow, i.e. towards wheel 3 since this position is best suited for the directing, softening and turning of soil. An extension arm S, attached to the remaining part of the mold board is provided in the lower part for mounting the roller while the roller is journalled at the upper portion in plate 9 mounted on plow head 1. Both shaft ends can be set in various positions inside the oblong slots for varying of the inclination of the roller. This arrangement permits the adaptation of the roller for carrying out of various operations and work in different types of soil; in other words, one plow can carry out work which up to now had to be done by several plows provided with mold boards of different construction. Another great advantage of the present invention resides in solving the problem of rapid plowing. A further advantage of the invention resides in that the earth is better softened and mixed with the aid of a roller than with the moldboard of plows of known design.

It is possible to use two or more rollers instead of one, along which the earth passes is mixed and becomes softened.

The embodiment described with the rolling plow sole 3 passing along the parts of earth not moved while roller '7 revolves along the lifted and moved parts of soil, permits, apart from other advantages already mentioned, a substantial reduction in the tractive force, as evidenced by tests, and this of course is of great importance in the practice.

In accordance with the invention, it is possible to use an endless belt as illustrated in FIG. 4, instead of a roller as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, such belt suitably replaces the entire mold board. It is useful to make also the surface of this belt elastic. In FIG. 4 the conventional plow body is shown by dotted lines and only its front part, i.e. the plow share of this plow body is retained, since the mold board is replaced by the endless belt in accordance with the invention. FIG. 4 shows also rolling plow sole 3 which has already been described. Its surface is also elastic.

The continuous belt 10 runs on rollers 11 and can be made of flexible metal, leather, plastics, rubber, friction cloth or any other exible material. Rollers 11 are suitably journalled in bearings and are of concave configuration, although they may have other forms. The rollers can be journalled on any part of the plow and are suitably constructed in a manner to be adjustable. Such adjusting permits on one hand the change in slanting or inclination of all bearings independently from all other bearings and also the mutual approach or distancing of rollers to allow the correct shaping of the belt according to the needs under all conditions. This approaches still closer to the purpose already explained with the aid of FIGS. 1 to 3, namely that a plow constructed in accordance with this invention is capable of performing the work of several plows of the conventional type, since its form can easily be adapted even to a wide range of varying soil conditions.

The earth lifted on belt 10 moves upward and sidewise without friction or sliding to fall in the preceding furrow in turned-over fashion as in the case of plows of conventional design. The belt is set into motion as a result of contact with the soil, i.e. the belt is moved along by earth in motion and is kept moving.

From the foregoing it is already clear that, whenever mention is made of rolling parts in this specification or in the claims by means of which sliding friction is avoided, these parts may consist of wheels, rollers, discs, etc. which rotate around their own axis, or of belts running on rollers which are also capable of transforming sliding friction into rolling friction.

This invention is not necessarily incorporated in new plows only; because its great advantage resides in that existing and used soil tilling machines can readily be converted in accordance with the invention, since the devices described can be mounted on existing plows and machines without any special reconstruction.

The invention also resides in the fact that, in order to reduce further the tractive power and especially to reduce the weight of the machine and thus to save a substantial quantity of steel, the traction is not effected in the usual way by means of a beam but directly from the body of the plow; in the case of gang plows the traction is effected from a rear, suitably from the rearmost plow bottom. In this Way the tractive force acts on a substantially deeper level than has been the case heretofore, so that it acts upon a drag that appears nearer to the soil, thereby avoiding on one hand excessive pressing of the furrow and stubble wheel against the ground by the tractive force and on the other hand permits the approximate balancing of forces arising during plowing, and thus substantially smaller strain on the plow beam. This accomplishes not only a further reduction of the necessary tractive force but permits also making the plow beam and other parts 20% less in weight than heretofore.

During plowing the plows run on the stubble wheel, furrow wheel and stern wheel. To allow a further reduction of the tractive force these wheels are suitably provided with tires having inner tubes or air chambers and are mounted on bearings. Obviously, this applies also to soil tilling machinery other than plows where it is also of advantage to have a wheel with inner tube or air chamber and a mounting on bearings in order to reduce the tractive force.

Having now described our invention with reference to the embodiments illustrated in the drawings, we do not wish to be limited thereto but what we desire to protect by Letters Patent of the United States is set forth in the appended claims.

We claim:

1. A plow having a frame, a share portion mounted on said frame, a member on said frame rearwardly of said share portion, a generally horizontally disposed wheel dening a sole portion mounted on said member, a portion mounted on said framebetween said share and wheel located above said wheel and constituting the moldboard of the plow, said wheel and said moldboard portion being made at least partly of microporous sponge rubber, said member extending substantially horizontally and transversely to the direction of travel of said plow and defining a slot extending longitudinally of said member, and said wheel being adjustably mounted in said slot.

2. A plow having a frame, a share portion mounted on said frame, a member on said frame rearwardly of said share portion, a generally horizontally disposed wheel dening a sole portion mounted on said member, a portion mounted on said frame between said share and wheel located above said Wheel and constituting the moldboard of the plow, said wheel and said moldboard portion being made at least partly of microporous sponge rubber, said member extending substantially horizontally and transversely to the direction of travel of said plow.

References Cited in the tile of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 40,733 Chapman Dec. 1, 1863 287,814 Flathers Nov. 6, 1883 487,142 Estes Nov. 29, 1892 715,282 McLaughlin Dec. 9, 1902 2,332,754 Rietz Oct. 26, 1943 2,624,258 Frevik Jan. 6, 1953 2,631,516 Thompson Mar. 17, 1953 2,675,045 Henry Apr. 13, 1954 FOREIGN PATENTS 11,736 Sweden Dec. 1, 1900