US3013588A - Multilayer heat insulating fabric - Google Patents

Multilayer heat insulating fabric Download PDF

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Publication number
US3013588A
US3013588A US85993359A US3013588A US 3013588 A US3013588 A US 3013588A US 85993359 A US85993359 A US 85993359A US 3013588 A US3013588 A US 3013588A
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United States
Prior art keywords
fabric
yarns
pile
plies
heat insulating
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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Inventor
George H Klingberg
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Wimpfheimer A and Bros Inc
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Wimpfheimer A and Bros Inc
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Priority to US85993359 priority Critical patent/US3013588A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3013588A publication Critical patent/US3013588A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D11/00—Double or multi-ply fabrics not otherwise provided for
    • D03D11/02—Fabrics formed with pockets, tubes, loops, folds, tucks or flaps
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2403/00—Details of fabric structure established in the fabric forming process
    • D10B2403/02—Cross-sectional features
    • D10B2403/021—Lofty fabric with equidistantly spaced front and back plies, e.g. spacer fabrics
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/92—Fire or heat protection feature
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/3472—Woven fabric including an additional woven fabric layer

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a heat insulating fabric and a method of making the same and has for an object to provide a fabric of the above type having novel and improved characteristics.
  • Another object is to provide a fabric of the above type composed of a pair of woven plies bound together ⁇ by a dense layer of a pile yarn which entraps a layer of air and thus provide improved insulating properties.
  • Another object is to provide a fabric of the above type in which the two woven plies are tightly and closely bound together by the pile yarns.
  • the fabric comprises two woven plies joined by pile threads which extend between the plies and are bound therein.
  • a fabric can be woven, for example, on a standard two shuttle velvet loom with the cutting knives omitted.
  • the pile threads are composed of a synthetic continuous filament yarn such as nylon, Daeron, Orion, Saran, dynel, ⁇ Vinyon or the like which has been previously crimped or bulked by any of the known processes, as by crimping in a stuffer crimper, Ifalse twisting or the like.
  • Such yarns are crimped or bullied and permanently set in the bulked state. They are then wound into packages under tension and given a temporary straight set.
  • the yarns While in straight form the yarns are woven as pile yarns between opposed backing plies to form a dense layer of yarns or threads which hold the outer plies in closely spaced relationship.
  • the fabric is then steamed or otherwise treated to relax the pile yarns and cause them to resume the crimped form. in so doing the yarns contract in length to pull the outer plies tightly together and the bulked or crimped form of the pile causes the pile to become closely matted so as to form a layer which is so dense as to be practically impervious to water. This feature is of importance when the fabric is used as insulation for arctic clothing since a tear in the outer ⁇ layer will not cause the entire fabric to become soaked and useless as protection.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective View of a fabric embodying the invention with parts broken away for clarity;
  • FIG. 2 is a transverse section taken on the line 2 2 of FIG. 1 showing the pile yarns in straight form as woven;
  • FIG. 3 is a section similar to FIG. 2 showing the fabric after the pile yarns have been relaxed into crimped form.
  • the fabric is shown as comprising outer plies 1 and 2 and an inner layer 3 of pile yarns.
  • the outer ply l is composed of filler yarns lit and chain warp yarns 11 woven together in the usual manner.
  • the second outer ply is composed of filler yarns 12 and chain warp yarns 13 interwoven in a similar manner.
  • Pile yarns 14 are bound in the plies 1 and 2 and extend between the two outer plies.
  • pile yarns 14 are woven as chains over and under and over three filler yarns respectively in the outer ply 1, then pass to the outer ply 2 3,013,588 Patented Dec. 19, 1961 ice where they are woven as chains under and over and under three filler yarns 12 respectively and return to the 'first ply.
  • Other pile yarns are similarly woven in fillerwise alignment with the first filler yarns to form a dense row of pile extending across the fabric or, if desired, successive pile yarns may be displaced by one and twofiller yarns respectively so that the pile yarns are uniformly spaced throughout the fabric to form a dense uniform intermediate layer.
  • the fabric as woven is shown in FIG. 2. This fabric is then treated as by steaming to remove the temporary straight set of the pile yarn and cause the pile to relax into crimped form as shown in FIG. 3. While the crimp has been shown for convenience as of the saw tooth type which could be produced in a stuffer crimpcr, it is obvious that any other form of crimp such as that produced by false twisting, or by twisting, setting and untwisting, or by the methods of any of the examples referred to above, may be used. Such yarns are generally composed of continuous filament nylon. Such material is particularly suited for use in clothing fabric.
  • While the fabric abo-ve described is particularly suited for insulation in cold weather clothing apparel and footwear, it may also be used as a lter fabric and as a carrier in plastic fabrication.
  • a multilayer fabric having heat insulating properties comprising a pair of outer plies composed of interwoven iiller and chain yarns and pile yarns joining said outer plies and bound in and extending between said plies, all of said pile yarns being under tension to hold the outer plies tightly together and being in the crimped state, said pile yarns being uniformly and closely spaced to form a dense matted layer which is substantially impervious to moisture.
  • a multilayer fabric having heatl insulating properties comprising a pair of outer plies composed of interwoven iiller and chain yarns and pile yarns joining said outer plies and bound in and extending between said plies, all of said pile yarns being under tension to hold the outer plies tightly together and being in the crimpedv state, said pile yarns being uniformly and closely spaced to form a dense matted layer which is substantially impervious to moisture, at least said pile yarns being composed of nylon.
  • the method of making a multilayer fabric having heat insulating properties which comprises weaving a pair of outer plies of fabric having interwoven ller and chain yarns together with pile yarns joining said plies and bound therein, said pile yarns comprising continuous filament synthetic material which has been crimped and then given a temporary straight set, then treating said fabric to remove the temporary straight set under conditions to cause said pile yarns to resume their crimped state wherein the pile yarns are closely spaced and matted and are placed under tension to hold the outer plies tightly together.

Description

Dec. 19, 1961 3,013,588
G. H. KLINGBERG MULTILAYER HEAT INSULATING FABRIC Filed Dec. 16, 1959 INVENTOR @5o/@65%. Aim/BERG ATTORNEY rates This invention relates to a heat insulating fabric and a method of making the same and has for an object to provide a fabric of the above type having novel and improved characteristics.
Another object is to provide a fabric of the above type composed of a pair of woven plies bound together `by a dense layer of a pile yarn which entraps a layer of air and thus provide improved insulating properties.
Another object is to provide a fabric of the above type in which the two woven plies are tightly and closely bound together by the pile yarns.
Various other objects and advantages will be apparent as the nature of the invention is more fully disclosed.
in accordance with this invention the fabric comprises two woven plies joined by pile threads which extend between the plies and are bound therein. Such a fabric can be woven, for example, on a standard two shuttle velvet loom with the cutting knives omitted. In this improved fabric the pile threads are composed of a synthetic continuous filament yarn such as nylon, Daeron, Orion, Saran, dynel, `Vinyon or the like which has been previously crimped or bulked by any of the known processes, as by crimping in a stuffer crimper, Ifalse twisting or the like. Such yarns are crimped or bullied and permanently set in the bulked state. They are then wound into packages under tension and given a temporary straight set. While in straight form the yarns are woven as pile yarns between opposed backing plies to form a dense layer of yarns or threads which hold the outer plies in closely spaced relationship. The fabric is then steamed or otherwise treated to relax the pile yarns and cause them to resume the crimped form. in so doing the yarns contract in length to pull the outer plies tightly together and the bulked or crimped form of the pile causes the pile to become closely matted so as to form a layer which is so dense as to be practically impervious to water. This feature is of importance when the fabric is used as insulation for arctic clothing since a tear in the outer `layer will not cause the entire fabric to become soaked and useless as protection.
The nature of the invention will be better understood from the following description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawing in which a specic embodiment has been shown for purposes of illustration.
In the drawing:
FIG. 1 is a perspective View of a fabric embodying the invention with parts broken away for clarity;
FIG. 2 is a transverse section taken on the line 2 2 of FIG. 1 showing the pile yarns in straight form as woven; and
FIG. 3 is a section similar to FIG. 2 showing the fabric after the pile yarns have been relaxed into crimped form.
Referring to the drawing more in detail the fabric is shown as comprising outer plies 1 and 2 and an inner layer 3 of pile yarns. The outer ply l is composed of filler yarns lit and chain warp yarns 11 woven together in the usual manner. The second outer ply is composed of filler yarns 12 and chain warp yarns 13 interwoven in a similar manner. Pile yarns 14 are bound in the plies 1 and 2 and extend between the two outer plies.
In the form shown pile yarns 14 are woven as chains over and under and over three filler yarns respectively in the outer ply 1, then pass to the outer ply 2 3,013,588 Patented Dec. 19, 1961 ice where they are woven as chains under and over and under three filler yarns 12 respectively and return to the 'first ply. Other pile yarns, not shown, are similarly woven in fillerwise alignment with the first filler yarns to form a dense row of pile extending across the fabric or, if desired, successive pile yarns may be displaced by one and twofiller yarns respectively so that the pile yarns are uniformly spaced throughout the fabric to form a dense uniform intermediate layer.
The fabric as woven is shown in FIG. 2. This fabric is then treated as by steaming to remove the temporary straight set of the pile yarn and cause the pile to relax into crimped form as shown in FIG. 3. While the crimp has been shown for convenience as of the saw tooth type which could be produced in a stuffer crimpcr, it is obvious that any other form of crimp such as that produced by false twisting, or by twisting, setting and untwisting, or by the methods of any of the examples referred to above, may be used. Such yarns are generally composed of continuous filament nylon. Such material is particularly suited for use in clothing fabric.
While the fabric abo-ve described is particularly suited for insulation in cold weather clothing apparel and footwear, it may also be used as a lter fabric and as a carrier in plastic fabrication.
What is claimed is:
l. A multilayer fabric having heat insulating properties, comprising a pair of outer plies composed of interwoven iiller and chain yarns and pile yarns joining said outer plies and bound in and extending between said plies, all of said pile yarns being under tension to hold the outer plies tightly together and being in the crimped state, said pile yarns being uniformly and closely spaced to form a dense matted layer which is substantially impervious to moisture.
2. A multilayer fabric having heatl insulating properties, comprising a pair of outer plies composed of interwoven iiller and chain yarns and pile yarns joining said outer plies and bound in and extending between said plies, all of said pile yarns being under tension to hold the outer plies tightly together and being in the crimpedv state, said pile yarns being uniformly and closely spaced to form a dense matted layer which is substantially impervious to moisture, at least said pile yarns being composed of nylon.
3. The method of making a multilayer fabric having heat insulating properties which comprises weaving a pair of outer plies of fabric having interwoven ller and chain yarns together with pile yarns joining said plies and bound therein, said pile yarns comprising continuous filament synthetic material which has been crimped and then given a temporary straight set, then treating said fabric to remove the temporary straight set under conditions to cause said pile yarns to resume their crimped state wherein the pile yarns are closely spaced and matted and are placed under tension to hold the outer plies tightly together.
4. The method set forth in claim 3 in which said pile yarns are disposed in alignment in the llerwise direction.
5. The method set forth in claim 3 wherein at least the pile yarns are composed of nylon.
References Cited in the tile of this patent l UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,719,542 Maclntyre Oct. 4, 1955 2,803,268 Maclntyre Aug. 20, 1957 FOREIGN PATENTS 561,805 Great Britain June 6, 1944
US85993359 1959-12-16 1959-12-16 Multilayer heat insulating fabric Expired - Lifetime US3013588A (en)

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Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3215583A (en) * 1963-07-15 1965-11-02 Capella Corp Integral structure
US3270696A (en) * 1963-10-11 1966-09-06 Mcgregor Doniger Inc Method of making a puffed fabric
US3602964A (en) * 1969-04-10 1971-09-07 Collins & Aikman Corp Dual wall fabric with expandable height between layers
DE2941762A1 (en) * 1979-10-16 1981-04-30 Girmes-Werke Ag, 4155 Grefrath Fire-resistant textile based material - consists of reflective layer on double plush layer with carbon fibre connecting threads
US4423104A (en) * 1979-10-26 1983-12-27 Pusch Guenter Wide-band camouflage netting
EP0123431A2 (en) * 1983-04-13 1984-10-31 Ascoe Felts, Inc. Papermaker's felt having multi-layered base fabric and method of making the same
US4554953A (en) * 1983-02-18 1985-11-26 Hermann Wangner Gmbh & Co. Composite fabric for use as clothing for the sheet forming section of a papermaking machine
US4853269A (en) * 1985-01-30 1989-08-01 Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Fabric form consisting of multilayer fabric and composite structure made by using fabric form
US5098756A (en) * 1989-01-25 1992-03-24 Henderson Mark P Elastic self-extinguishing strap material
WO1995023251A1 (en) * 1994-02-23 1995-08-31 Vorwerk & Co. Interholding Gmbh Spaced fabric
US20030077965A1 (en) * 2001-07-23 2003-04-24 Mack Patrick E. Three-dimensional spacer fabric resin infusion media and reinforcing composite lamina
US20030102604A1 (en) * 2001-07-23 2003-06-05 Mack Patrick E. Three-dimensional spacer fabric resin interlaminar infusion media process and vacuum-induced reinforcing composite laminate structures
WO2005120646A1 (en) * 2004-06-14 2005-12-22 De Ball Inc. Fire insulating barrier material for a firefighter protective garment
WO2010107376A1 (en) * 2009-03-16 2010-09-23 Siw Eriksson Multiple layer fabric

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB561805A (en) * 1942-10-26 1944-06-06 Boothroyd Rugs Ltd A resilient woven fabric
US2719542A (en) * 1955-02-18 1955-10-04 U S Plush Mills Inc Multiple ply fabric
US2803268A (en) * 1954-08-12 1957-08-20 U S Plush Mills Inc Two-ply fabric

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB561805A (en) * 1942-10-26 1944-06-06 Boothroyd Rugs Ltd A resilient woven fabric
US2803268A (en) * 1954-08-12 1957-08-20 U S Plush Mills Inc Two-ply fabric
US2719542A (en) * 1955-02-18 1955-10-04 U S Plush Mills Inc Multiple ply fabric

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3215583A (en) * 1963-07-15 1965-11-02 Capella Corp Integral structure
US3270696A (en) * 1963-10-11 1966-09-06 Mcgregor Doniger Inc Method of making a puffed fabric
US3602964A (en) * 1969-04-10 1971-09-07 Collins & Aikman Corp Dual wall fabric with expandable height between layers
DE2941762A1 (en) * 1979-10-16 1981-04-30 Girmes-Werke Ag, 4155 Grefrath Fire-resistant textile based material - consists of reflective layer on double plush layer with carbon fibre connecting threads
US4423104A (en) * 1979-10-26 1983-12-27 Pusch Guenter Wide-band camouflage netting
US4554953A (en) * 1983-02-18 1985-11-26 Hermann Wangner Gmbh & Co. Composite fabric for use as clothing for the sheet forming section of a papermaking machine
EP0123431A2 (en) * 1983-04-13 1984-10-31 Ascoe Felts, Inc. Papermaker's felt having multi-layered base fabric and method of making the same
EP0123431A3 (en) * 1983-04-13 1985-04-10 Ascoe Felts, Inc. Papermaker's felt having multi-layered base fabric and method of making the same
US4853269A (en) * 1985-01-30 1989-08-01 Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Fabric form consisting of multilayer fabric and composite structure made by using fabric form
US5098756A (en) * 1989-01-25 1992-03-24 Henderson Mark P Elastic self-extinguishing strap material
WO1995023251A1 (en) * 1994-02-23 1995-08-31 Vorwerk & Co. Interholding Gmbh Spaced fabric
US6037035A (en) * 1994-02-23 2000-03-14 Vorwerk & Co. Interholding Gmbh Spacer fabric
US20030077965A1 (en) * 2001-07-23 2003-04-24 Mack Patrick E. Three-dimensional spacer fabric resin infusion media and reinforcing composite lamina
US20030102604A1 (en) * 2001-07-23 2003-06-05 Mack Patrick E. Three-dimensional spacer fabric resin interlaminar infusion media process and vacuum-induced reinforcing composite laminate structures
US7048985B2 (en) 2001-07-23 2006-05-23 Vrac, Llc Three-dimensional spacer fabric resin infusion media and reinforcing composite lamina
US7060156B2 (en) 2001-07-23 2006-06-13 Vrac, Llc Three-dimensional spacer fabric resin interlaminar infusion media process and vacuum-induced reinforcing composite laminate structures
WO2005120646A1 (en) * 2004-06-14 2005-12-22 De Ball Inc. Fire insulating barrier material for a firefighter protective garment
US20070284558A1 (en) * 2004-06-14 2007-12-13 Flay Paul R Fire insulating barrier material for a firefighter protective garment
WO2010107376A1 (en) * 2009-03-16 2010-09-23 Siw Eriksson Multiple layer fabric

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