US3012844A - Cellulosic material - Google Patents
Cellulosic material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3012844A US3012844A US497470A US49747055A US3012844A US 3012844 A US3012844 A US 3012844A US 497470 A US497470 A US 497470A US 49747055 A US49747055 A US 49747055A US 3012844 A US3012844 A US 3012844A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- fibers
- regenerated cellulose
- solution
- group
- salt
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title description 12
- 239000004627 regenerated cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001455 metallic ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 NITRATE IONS Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydrogensulfate Chemical compound OS([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004326 stimulated echo acquisition mode for imaging Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 17
- 239000002964 rayon Substances 0.000 description 17
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 description 13
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 8
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000010980 cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000013068 control sample Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920000298 Cellophane Polymers 0.000 description 3
- WDIHJSXYQDMJHN-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ba+2] WDIHJSXYQDMJHN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 229910001626 barium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011240 wet gel Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium nitrate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004383 yellowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229940106135 cellulose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004737 colorimetric analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010981 drying operation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
- D06P3/02—Material containing basic nitrogen
- D06P3/04—Material containing basic nitrogen containing amide groups
- D06P3/10—Material containing basic nitrogen containing amide groups using reactive dyes
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F2/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof
- D01F2/06—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from viscose
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/07—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with halogens; with halogen acids or salts thereof; with oxides or oxyacids of halogens or salts thereof
- D06M11/11—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with halogens; with halogen acids or salts thereof; with oxides or oxyacids of halogens or salts thereof with halogen acids or salts thereof
- D06M11/13—Ammonium halides or halides of elements of Groups 1 or 11 of the Periodic System
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/07—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with halogens; with halogen acids or salts thereof; with oxides or oxyacids of halogens or salts thereof
- D06M11/11—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with halogens; with halogen acids or salts thereof; with oxides or oxyacids of halogens or salts thereof with halogen acids or salts thereof
- D06M11/155—Halides of elements of Groups 2 or 12 of the Periodic System
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/51—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with sulfur, selenium, tellurium, polonium or compounds thereof
- D06M11/54—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with sulfur, selenium, tellurium, polonium or compounds thereof with sulfur dioxide; with sulfurous acid or its salts
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/51—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with sulfur, selenium, tellurium, polonium or compounds thereof
- D06M11/55—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with sulfur, selenium, tellurium, polonium or compounds thereof with sulfur trioxide; with sulfuric acid or thiosulfuric acid or their salts
- D06M11/56—Sulfates or thiosulfates other than of elements of Groups 3 or 13 of the Periodic System
Definitions
- This invention relates to improving the properties of cellulosic material and in particular to preservation of the white or colorless condition of regenerated cellulose.
- Regenerated cellulose has many fields of possible use where it is unavoidably subjected to heat during preliminary processing operations.
- the heating conditions referred to are those in which the temperature of the material itself is elevated substantially above 110- 120 F., i.e. 200 F. and higher, as distinguished from usual drying operations in which the wet bulb effect in the material keeps its temperature depressed even though the temperature of the air may be quite high.
- regenerated cellulose itself is heated under these conditions it tends to discolor, that is, turn yellowish. This discoloration is a serious disadvantage due to the decrease in aesthetic appeal and consumer acceptability. Accordingly, use of regenerated cellulose, whether in the form of film or fiber, has been seriously limited in many applications where it would be acceptable but for its susceptibility to discoloration.
- One object of the invention is to modify the property of regenerated cellulose so that it will resist changes in whiteness and colorlessness upon heating.
- a preferred object is to devise a treatment for regenerated cellulose fibers such that on subsequent heating, e.g. steam sterilization, their tendency to discolor will be substantially decreased.
- regenerated cellulose fibers prior to being subjected to heat (for example, steam sterilization or oven heating for other purposes), are treated with any of certain soluble metal salts which are colorless and which form aqueous solutions having approximately neutral pH described below.
- the metal cation is thought to be the active principle.
- the metals contemplated within the inventive concept include those of group IA of the periodic table having atomic number of at least 11, and those of group IIA of the periodic table having atomic number of at least 20.
- the metallic ion remains combined with the regenerated cellulose and will be present in the regenerated cellulose fibers during the subsequent heat treatment. In this way any small change in color occurring during the heat treatment is markedly less than would occur but for the presence of the metallic ion.
- a factor (+b) which is related to the psychological impression of yellowness.
- a highly purified bleached rayon may have a +bvalue of about 3.5 when dried under usual conditions. If subsequently treated at 240 F. in saturated steam for 20 minutes,
- the metals utilized in the form of their cations for treatment of regenerated cellulose are the group IA metals of the periodic table having atomic number of at least 11, for example sodium or potassium; or group IIA metals having atomic number greater than 20, such as calcium, strontium or barium.
- the metals are generally applied in the form of an aqueous solution to the regenerated cellulose fibers.
- the solutions are utilized in amount and have cationic concentration sufficient to impart desired color stability characterthe weight of dry cellulose.
- the amount of dissolved salt or the salt concentration is such as to form a solution having a pH as set forth hereinafter.
- the contact time between the regenerated cellulose and the solution may suitably be about five minutes, or more or less depending upon the particular conditions. Excess solution is squeezed from the fibers, for example between pressure rolls, leaving the desired amount of solution on the fibers, for example about 100% solution based on Although the solution concentration is subject to wide variation, acceptable concentrations may be found within the approximate range 0.03 gm. ions per liter to 0.05 gm. ions per liter. 7
- Example I Samples of regenerated cellulose (cellophane) each 4" to 6" wide and 4 feet long were washed in distilled water and then passed through a bath of a particular aqueous salt solution three times back and forth. The contact time of the cellophane with the bath was about to 10 seconds. The sample was then hung up to dry at room temperature. The pH and concentration of each solution was determined. After drying, the samples were heated for 3 days in a drying oven at 100 C. The color of the cellophane at the end of this time was observed and compared with the original untreated material. The results are presented in the following table.
- Dull regenerated cellulose fibers (rayon containing TiO pigment) of 1% staple length and 1.5 deniers per filament, crimped and bleached, was selected for test.
- the rayon had been finished with a lubricating finish containing non-ionic detergent.
- the rayon had been dried prior to the test.
- Separate samples of the rayon 6 grams each, were soaked 2 hours in 500 cc. of solutions of sodium sulfate and barium chloride respectively, 1 normal solution in each case. A third portion was treated with distilled water as a control. Duplicate samples were treated with each of the solutions.
- the rayon was immersed in the solution and squeezed out by hand until it contained approximately 300% by weight of solution based on dry fiber weight.
- the samples were dried in circulated hot air at 200 F.
- Example 111 The procedure described in' Example 11 was repeated for similar type rayon using solutions of calcium nitrate and barium chloride in concentrations lower than those The control sampleswere not washed prior to heating. 'The oven aging was carried Steam Sterilization 0 vcn Aging Concentration (Normality) Salli Reflectance, percent It is noted that the untreated control had a relatively high yellowness factor of 6.6 (steam sterilization) and 5.9 (oven aging), whereas the salt-treated materials were substantially lower, in the range of 5.9 to 6.4 in the case of steam sterilization and 4.9 to 5.4 in the case of oven aging.
- Example IV 200 grams of dull rayon of the type described in Ex ample II, but which had not previously been initially 'dried, was selected for experiment.
- 200 grams of the squeezed material was soaked for 4 hours in one liter of 0.02 normal aqueous barium chloride solution. The solution was drained off and the sample dried in circulating hot air. Its weight was 42 grams.
- the control sample consisting of another 200 gram portion of the squeezed material, was merely dried in circulating air without salt treatment.
- the control and salt-treated samples then were subjected to two successive steam sterilizations, as described in previous examples. Reflectance and +b measurements appear in the following table.
- Example V Goncen- Reflectance, Salt tration percent +b (Normality) Contro 86.6 6.4 (321012 0.10 N 88. 2 5. l B11012 0.02 N 85. 5 5. 0
- Example VI The salt-treated and sterilized samples from Example V were subjected to an aging test in an oven in dry air at F. Measurements of reflectance and yellowness were made in the usual manner after 0, 3, 7 and 10 days time of treatment. Results are given below.
- Example VII Dried samples of bright and dull rayon of the type tested in the foregoing examples were soaked for 4 /2 hours in aqueous sodium chloride solutions of various normalities. The samples then were air-dried. A portion of each sample was steam-sterilized (240 F., 20 minutes, saturated steam) and the color determined. The samples were then re-sterilized under the same conditions as before and the color re-determined. Another portion of each sample (not sterilized) was heated in an oven for 10 days at 140 F. and the color was determined. The control sample was not treated with salt nor was it washed with water. It was merely subjected to the steam sterilization or oven heating described for the salttreated samples. In the following table the results obtained from color measurements on the control and on the samples treated with the various salt solutions are presented.
- Example VIII Samples of bright rayon of the type described above were soaked for minutes in aqueous calcium chloride solutions of 0.002 and 0.02 normality, dried in hot air and sterilized with steam by the procedure described above. Reflectance and +1; measurements were made and are presented in the following table.
- the high degree of discoloration of the control sample was indicated by the high +b value (7.3) which is to be contrasted with the substantially lower values (6.1 to 6.9) for the samples treated with salt solutions.
- the method offorming regenerated cellulose fibers resistant to discoloration when said fibers are subjected to elevated temperatures which comprises impregnating said fibers with an aqueous solution having a pH of between about 6 and 8 of an ionizable, colorless, watersoluble salt whose cation is a metal selected from the group consisting of the metals of group IA of the periodic table and having an atomic number at least 11 and the metals of group IIA of the periodic table having an atomic number at least 20 and whose anion is selected from the group consisting of sulfate, bisulfate, chloride, bromide, acetate and nitrate ions, said solution being formed by dissolving in water a sufficient amount of said ionizable salt to form the solution having a pH of between about 6 and 8, drying said fibers in the presence of the metallic ion of the salt, and thereafter subjecting the dried fibers to a steam sterilization treatment.
Description
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US497470A US3012844A (en) | 1955-03-28 | 1955-03-28 | Cellulosic material |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US497470A US3012844A (en) | 1955-03-28 | 1955-03-28 | Cellulosic material |
US497472A US2821489A (en) | 1955-03-28 | 1955-03-28 | Discoloration-resistant regenerated cellulose articles |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3012844A true US3012844A (en) | 1961-12-12 |
Family
ID=27052512
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US497470A Expired - Lifetime US3012844A (en) | 1955-03-28 | 1955-03-28 | Cellulosic material |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US3012844A (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3135578A (en) * | 1962-03-05 | 1964-06-02 | Whisnant Hosiery Mills Inc | Method of treating hosiery fabric |
US3256110A (en) * | 1964-07-01 | 1966-06-14 | Fmc Corp | Discoloration resistant cellulose article and method of manufacture |
US4176070A (en) * | 1977-03-18 | 1979-11-27 | Kuraray Co., Ltd. | Semi-permeable membranes of regenerated cuprammonium cellulose and method for heat sterilization thereof in physiological saline |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1839979A (en) * | 1930-08-28 | 1932-01-05 | William H Lorimer | Delustered silk and method of delustering |
GB443534A (en) * | 1934-12-10 | 1936-03-02 | Ontario Research Foundation | Improvements in processes for the chemical stabilization of paper and product |
US2167105A (en) * | 1936-10-22 | 1939-07-25 | Du Pont | Cellulosic material and method of making same |
US2346126A (en) * | 1942-04-08 | 1944-04-11 | Goodrich Co B F | Production of improved cellulosic cords and yarns |
-
1955
- 1955-03-28 US US497470A patent/US3012844A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1839979A (en) * | 1930-08-28 | 1932-01-05 | William H Lorimer | Delustered silk and method of delustering |
GB443534A (en) * | 1934-12-10 | 1936-03-02 | Ontario Research Foundation | Improvements in processes for the chemical stabilization of paper and product |
US2167105A (en) * | 1936-10-22 | 1939-07-25 | Du Pont | Cellulosic material and method of making same |
US2346126A (en) * | 1942-04-08 | 1944-04-11 | Goodrich Co B F | Production of improved cellulosic cords and yarns |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3135578A (en) * | 1962-03-05 | 1964-06-02 | Whisnant Hosiery Mills Inc | Method of treating hosiery fabric |
US3256110A (en) * | 1964-07-01 | 1966-06-14 | Fmc Corp | Discoloration resistant cellulose article and method of manufacture |
US4176070A (en) * | 1977-03-18 | 1979-11-27 | Kuraray Co., Ltd. | Semi-permeable membranes of regenerated cuprammonium cellulose and method for heat sterilization thereof in physiological saline |
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Legal Events
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AS | Assignment |
Owner name: NEW ENGLAND MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY 501 BOYL Free format text: AS SECURITY FOR INDEBTEDNESS RECITED ASSIGNOR GRANTS , BARGAINS, MORTGAGES, PLEDGES, SELLS AND CREATES A SECURITY INTEREST WITH A LIEN UNDER SAID PATENTS, SUBJECT TO CONDITIONS RECITED.;ASSIGNOR:AVTEX FIBERS INC. A NY CORP.;REEL/FRAME:003959/0219 Effective date: 19810301 Owner name: PAUL REVERE LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY THE C/O THE PAU Free format text: AS SECURITY FOR INDEBTEDNESS RECITED ASSIGNOR GRANTS , BARGAINS, MORTGAGES, PLEDGES, SELLS AND CREATES A SECURITY INTEREST WITH A LIEN UNDER SAID PATENTS, SUBJECT TO CONDITIONS RECITED.;ASSIGNOR:AVTEX FIBERS INC. A NY CORP.;REEL/FRAME:003959/0219 Effective date: 19810301 Owner name: WESTERN AND SOUTHERN LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY THE C/ Free format text: AS SECURITY FOR INDEBTEDNESS RECITED ASSIGNOR GRANTS , BARGAINS, MORTGAGES, PLEDGES, SELLS AND CREATES A SECURITY INTEREST WITH A LIEN UNDER SAID PATENTS, SUBJECT TO CONDITIONS RECITED.;ASSIGNOR:AVTEX FIBERS INC. A NY CORP.;REEL/FRAME:003959/0219 Effective date: 19810301 Owner name: PROVIDENT ALLIANCE LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY C/O THE Free format text: AS SECURITY FOR INDEBTEDNESS RECITED ASSIGNOR GRANTS , BARGAINS, MORTGAGES, PLEDGES, SELLS AND CREATES A SECURITY INTEREST WITH A LIEN UNDER SAID PATENTS, SUBJECT TO CONDITIONS RECITED.;ASSIGNOR:AVTEX FIBERS INC. A NY CORP.;REEL/FRAME:003959/0219 Effective date: 19810301 Owner name: KELLOGG CREDIT CORPORATION A DE CORP. Free format text: AGREEMENT WHEREBY SAID HELLER AND RAYONIER RELEASES ALL MORTGAGES AND SECURITY INTERESTS HELD BY AVTEX ON APRIL 28, 1978, AND JAN. 11, 1979, RESPECTIVELY AND ASSIGNS ITS ENTIRE INTEREST IN SAID MORT-AGAGE AGREEMENT TO ASSIGNEE;ASSIGNORS:WALTER E. HELLER & COMPANY, INC. A NY CORP.;ITT RAYONIER INCORPORATED, A DE CORP.;AVTEX FIBERS INC., A NY CORP.;REEL/FRAME:003959/0350 Effective date: 19800326 Owner name: WALTER E. HELLER & COMPANY, INC., A CORP. OF DEL. Free format text: AGREEMENT WHEREBY AETNA RELEASES AVTEX FROM ALL MORTAGES AND SECURITY INTERESTS IN SAID INVENTIONS AS OF JANUARY 11,1979, AND ASSIGNS TO ASSIGNEE THE ENTIRE INTEREST IN SAID MORTAGE AGREEMENT TO ASSIGNEE;ASSIGNORS:AETNA BUSINESS CREDIT, INC., A CORP. OF N.Y.;AVTEX FIBERS, INC, A CORP. OF NY;KELLOGG CREDIT CORP., A CORP. OF DEL.;REEL/FRAME:003959/0250 Effective date: 19800326 Owner name: JOHN HANCOCK MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY JOHN HA Free format text: AS SECURITY FOR INDEBTEDNESS RECITED ASSIGNOR GRANTS , BARGAINS, MORTGAGES, PLEDGES, SELLS AND CREATES A SECURITY INTEREST WITH A LIEN UNDER SAID PATENTS, SUBJECT TO CONDITIONS RECITED.;ASSIGNOR:AVTEX FIBERS INC. A NY CORP.;REEL/FRAME:003959/0219 Effective date: 19810301 Owner name: BALBOA INSURANCE COMPANY C/O THE PAUL REVERE EQUIT Free format text: AS SECURITY FOR INDEBTEDNESS RECITED ASSIGNOR GRANTS , BARGAINS, MORTGAGES, PLEDGES, SELLS AND CREATES A SECURITY INTEREST WITH A LIEN UNDER SAID PATENTS, SUBJECT TO CONDITIONS RECITED.;ASSIGNOR:AVTEX FIBERS INC. A NY CORP.;REEL/FRAME:003959/0219 Effective date: 19810301 |