US3009951A - Carbonylation of aryl halide - Google Patents
Carbonylation of aryl halide Download PDFInfo
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- US3009951A US3009951A US3009951DA US3009951A US 3009951 A US3009951 A US 3009951A US 3009951D A US3009951D A US 3009951DA US 3009951 A US3009951 A US 3009951A
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- carbon monoxide
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- water
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- 238000005810 carbonylation reaction Methods 0.000 title description 6
- 150000001502 aryl halides Chemical class 0.000 title 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 48
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 48
- -1 DIPHENYL DICARBOXYLIC ACIDS Chemical class 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 20
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M methanoate Chemical compound [O-]C=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- RFFLAFLAYFXFSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Dichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1Cl RFFLAFLAYFXFSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- SWJPEBQEEAHIGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dibromobenzene Chemical compound BrC1=CC=C(Br)C=C1 SWJPEBQEEAHIGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 229940117389 Dichlorobenzene Drugs 0.000 claims description 10
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phthalic acid Chemical class OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- XOMKZKJEJBZBJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dichloro-3-phenylbenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1Cl XOMKZKJEJBZBJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 48
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 40
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 36
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 34
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 24
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 24
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 229940044170 formate Drugs 0.000 description 20
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 16
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 14
- 150000004675 formic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 14
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 14
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 14
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 14
- HLBBKKJFGFRGMU-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium formate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C=O HLBBKKJFGFRGMU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 12
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N HCl Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000004280 Sodium formate Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxyl anion Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 10
- 235000019254 sodium formate Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- AWDHUGLHGCVIEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel tetracarbonyl Chemical group O#C[Ni](C#O)(C#O)C#O AWDHUGLHGCVIEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 8
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 6
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 6
- 230000000875 corresponding Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000000737 periodic Effects 0.000 description 6
- VZTDIZULWFCMLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium formate Chemical class [NH4+].[O-]C=O VZTDIZULWFCMLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000001476 alcoholic Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910001854 alkali hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 150000001728 carbonyl compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052803 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 150000002366 halogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920005547 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon Polymers 0.000 description 4
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000630 rising Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 4
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LUIVNNXFXHFZFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dibromo-3-methylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1Br LUIVNNXFXHFZFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QSSXJPIWXQTSIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromo-2-methylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1Br QSSXJPIWXQTSIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NVLHGZIXTRYOKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloro-2,3-dimethylbenzene Chemical class CC1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1C NVLHGZIXTRYOKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XRXMNWGCKISMOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-bromobenzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1Br XRXMNWGCKISMOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Anthracene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C21 MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CAHQGWAXKLQREW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzal chloride Chemical compound ClC(Cl)C1=CC=CC=C1 CAHQGWAXKLQREW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KCXMKQUNVWSEMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzyl chloride Chemical compound ClCC1=CC=CC=C1 KCXMKQUNVWSEMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QARVLSVVCXYDNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromobenzene Chemical compound BrC1=CC=CC=C1 QARVLSVVCXYDNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940044172 CALCIUM FORMATE Drugs 0.000 description 2
- CBOCVOKPQGJKKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium formate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C=O.[O-]C=O CBOCVOKPQGJKKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate dianion Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 101700043281 LADD Proteins 0.000 description 2
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- WFIZEGIEIOHZCP-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium formate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C=O WFIZEGIEIOHZCP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- UUCCCPNEFXQJEL-UHFFFAOYSA-L Strontium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Sr+2] UUCCCPNEFXQJEL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229940035295 Ting Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229910000288 alkali metal carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000008041 alkali metal carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000003973 alkyl amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000004429 atoms Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- RQPZNWPYLFFXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ba+2] RQPZNWPYLFFXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910001863 barium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000006267 biphenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000001649 bromium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000019255 calcium formate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004281 calcium formate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- WHWBTOCNUBAGRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt;formaldehyde Chemical compound [Co].O=C WHWBTOCNUBAGRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000001033 ether group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019256 formaldehyde Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002440 hydroxy compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propanol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000008262 pumice Substances 0.000 description 2
- SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinoline Chemical compound N1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910001866 strontium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
- C07C51/10—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by reaction with carbon monoxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
- C07C51/02—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides from salts of carboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
- C07C51/15—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by reaction of organic compounds with carbon dioxide, e.g. Kolbe-Schmitt synthesis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
- C07C51/16—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
- C07C51/16—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation
- C07C51/21—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation with molecular oxygen
- C07C51/255—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation with molecular oxygen of compounds containing six-membered aromatic rings without ring-splitting
- C07C51/265—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation with molecular oxygen of compounds containing six-membered aromatic rings without ring-splitting having alkyl side chains which are oxidised to carboxyl groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
- C07C51/41—Preparation of salts of carboxylic acids
- C07C51/412—Preparation of salts of carboxylic acids by conversion of the acids, their salts, esters or anhydrides with the same carboxylic acid part
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
- C07C51/42—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives
- C07C51/487—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives by treatment giving rise to chemical modification
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C63/00—Compounds having carboxyl groups bound to a carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
- C07C63/14—Monocyclic dicarboxylic acids
- C07C63/15—Monocyclic dicarboxylic acids all carboxyl groups bound to carbon atoms of the six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C63/16—1,2 - Benzenedicarboxylic acid
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C63/00—Compounds having carboxyl groups bound to a carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
- C07C63/33—Polycyclic acids
- C07C63/331—Polycyclic acids with all carboxyl groups bound to non-condensed rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C63/00—Compounds having carboxyl groups bound to a carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
- C07C63/33—Polycyclic acids
- C07C63/337—Polycyclic acids with carboxyl groups bound to condensed ring systems
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C63/00—Compounds having carboxyl groups bound to a carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
- C07C63/33—Polycyclic acids
- C07C63/337—Polycyclic acids with carboxyl groups bound to condensed ring systems
- C07C63/34—Polycyclic acids with carboxyl groups bound to condensed ring systems containing two condensed rings
- C07C63/38—Polycyclic acids with carboxyl groups bound to condensed ring systems containing two condensed rings containing two carboxyl groups both bound to carbon atoms of the condensed ring system
Definitions
- nitc tes act 309,951 Patented Nov. 21, test
- This invention relates to a new process for the production of carboxylic acids, their esters or salts.
- it relates to a new process for the production of carboxylic acids, their esters and salts by reaction of halogen hydrocarbons with formates.
- carboxylic acids are obtained by reacting unsaturated compounds with carbon monoxide and water in the presence of metal carbonyls or carbonyl-forming metals, in particular metals of the iron group.
- a further known process consists in leading halogenated hydrocarbons with carbon monoxide and steam over active carbon. pumice or silica gel at elevated temperature.
- carboxylic acids have already been prepared by the action of Water on the carbonylation products such as are obtainable by the reaction of carbon monoxide with chloro hydrocarbons in the presence of a carbonyl of a metal of the iron group and an ester of a carboxylic acid.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a new process for the production of carboxylic acids, their esters or salts which is simpler than the prior processes and is practicable in a technically simple manner.
- a further object of the invention is a new process for the production of carboxylic acids, their esters and salts in which the danger of corrosion, which is unavoidable in the prior carbonylation processes of chloro hydrocarbons, is obviated.
- halogen hydrocarbons there are suitable especially the chlorides or bromides of hydrocarbons of the allphatic, cycloaliphatic,'araliphatic and in particular of the aromatic series.
- Suitable compounds are particularly chlorides ant kwbrornides of monoand polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons including those containing condensed rings.
- chlorbenzene, bromobenzene, bromotoluene, chlorotoluene, and chlorxylenes for example among the mononuclear aromatic hydrocarbons there may be mentioned chlorbenzene, bromobenzene, bromotoluene, chlorotoluene, and chlorxylenes.
- AmOng the halogen compounds of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons there may be mentioned for examplethose of naphthalene, anthracene and diphenyl.
- the halogen hydrocarbons may also contain two or more halogen atoms, as for example dichlorobenzene, dibromobenzene, dibromotoluene and dichlorotoluene.
- halogen hydrocarbons which besides the halide also contain other radicals, as for example cyano, carboxylic, ester or ether groups. Mixtures of the said halogen hydrocarbons are also suitable.
- the reaction is preferably carried out at temperatures between about 100 and 400 C., in particular at 270 to 350 C., and under increased pressure, as for example 5 to 500 atmospheres, particularly 5 to 300 atmospheres, advantageously 100 to 250 atmospheres.
- the reaction may be effected by heating the halogeno hydrocarbon or halogeno hydrocarbon mixture with formates of the metals of the first and/or second main group of the Periodic System, in particular with sodium, potassium or calcium formate, and/or with ammonium tormate, in a closed vessel.
- the pressure necessary for the reaction thereby being in general automatically set up.
- the desired pressure can be set up by forcing in gases, as for example nitrogen or carbon monoxide.
- gases as for example nitrogen or carbon monoxide.
- the formate is used in an amount at least equivalent to each gram atom of halogen in the chlorohydrocarbon. It is preferable to use about 1.2 to 2.5 times the calculated amount.
- the metal or ammonium formates themselves. It is sufficient if these can form during the reaction.
- the hydroxides of the alkali or alkaline earth metals or of ammonium and carbon monoxide may be used instead of the formates.
- the hydroxides of which, besides ammonium hydroxide, in particular sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, barium and strontium hydroxide come into question, are used in an amount which is at least sutticient to form the amount of alkali or alkaline earth metal formate or ammonium formate necessary'for the reaction and necessary'according to the above equation.
- a part of the hydroxide, for ex ample about one to eight tenths of the amount may also be replaced by carbonates of the metals of the 1st and/ or 2nd main group of the Periodic System or by am monium carbonate.
- the reaction may be carried out without or in the presence of substances which accelerate the reaction.
- Suitable catalysts are for example metal carbonyl compounds, such as the carbonyls of nickel, cobalt, iron, molybdenum and chromium, metal carbonyl hydrides, as for example cobalt carbonyl hydride, or complex compounds, such as Fe(CO.,)Br (R P) Ni(CO) or (R P)Ni(CO) in which R represents a hydrocarbon radical, especially an alkyl group.
- metal carbonyl compounds such as the carbonyls of nickel, cobalt, iron, molybdenum and chromium
- metal carbonyl hydrides as for example cobalt carbonyl hydride
- complex compounds such as Fe(CO.,)Br (R P) Ni(CO) or (R P)Ni(CO) in which R represents a hydrocarbon radical, especially an alkyl group.
- the carbonyl-forming metals themselves to the reaction mixture may also contain other gases, especially hydrogen.
- ,Other suitable catalysts are for example metals, such as copper or silver, especially in finely divided form, as well as the halides of copper, silver, nickel, cobalt and iron.
- the hydroxides in a concentration of at least 10% and advantageously 50% or more, as for example up to If it is desired to obtain only the salts instead of the carboxylic acids, this may be achieved in a simple way by adding to the initial mixture also compounds having a basic reaction, as for example oxides, hydroxides, car- 3 bonates or salts of weak organic acids and alkali or alkaline earth metals or ammonia or organic bases, such as alkylamines, pyridine or quinoline, or, when starting from hydroxides instead of formates, by using currespondingly increased amounts of hydroxides.
- a lower aliphatic alcohol such as methanol, ethanol or propanol the ester of the aromatic carboxylic acids are obtained.
- the process may be carried out continuously or discontinuously. It is not necessary to work in corrosionproof apparatus.
- Example 1 147 grams of para-dichlorbenzene and 272 grams of sodium formate are slowly heated in a copper rolling bomb under a carbon monoxide pressure of 50 atmospheres to 320 C., the pressure thereby rising to 110 atmospheres. After 6 hours, the contents-of the autoclave are extracted with benzene. From the extract there are recovered 35 grams of para-dichlorbenzene. The salt-like residue is dissolved in water, 2 grams of terephthalic acid remaining undissolved. The aqueous solution is acidified with hydrochloric acid. The acid mixture of parachlorobenzoic acidand terephthalic acid which separates is filtered off and dried. The total yields amount to 13 grams of para-chlorbenzoic acid and 80 grams of terephthalic acid.
- Example 2 250 grams of para-dichlorbenzene are heated with 272 grams of sodium formate and 30 grams of nickel carbonyl in a copper rolling autoclave of 2 litres capacity at 270 to 280 C. under a pressure of 200 atmospheres of carbon monoxide for lhours. It is then allowed to cool and is decompressed. The reaction mixture is extracted with benzene. From the extract 58 grams of unreacted part-dichlorbenzene are recovered by distilling olf the benzene. The residue of the reaction mixture which does not pass into the benzene phase is treated with water and the aqueous solution acidified with hydrochloric acid. The precipitate, which consists of terephthalic acid, is filtered ofl and dried.
- Example 3 147 grams of para-dichlorbenzene are heated with 272 grams of sodium formate and 30 grams of nickel carbonyl in a copper rolling autoclave of 2 litres capacity for 10 hours at 270 to 280 C. under 5 atmospheres carbon monoxide pressure. The reaction mixture is worked up in the way described in Example 1. Terephthalic acid is obtained in a yield of 50% of the theoretical yield.
- Example 4 147 grams of para-dichlorbenzene, 80 grams of sodium hydroxide and 36 grams of water are charged into a rolling bomb and heated to 310 C. after 120 atmospheres of carbon monoxide have been forced in. The pressure thereby rises to 250 atmospheres and is kept constant for hours by' forcing in carbon monoxide when the pressure falls.
- the pulverulent product is extracted with water and 14 grams of terephthalic acid are precipitated from the aqueous filtrate by acidification with mineral acid.
- the residue undissolved in water is treated with benzene, whereby 59 grams of unreacted para-dichlorbenzene pass into solution and 65 grams of terephthalic acid remain uhdissolvcd.
- the yield amounts to 79% of the theoretical yield (degree of conversion 59.9%
- Example 6 74 grams of para-dichlorbenzene, 80 grams of sodium hydroxide and 36 grams of water are charged into a shaking bomb lined with copper and shaken at 310 C. for 20 hours after atmospheres of carbon monoxide have been forced in.
- the reaction product is extracted with water and the aqueous solution acidified, whereby 47 grams of terephthalic acid are thrown down as an insoluble precipitate. From the water-insoluble residue there are obtained 10 grams of terephthalic acid and 2 grams of unreacted paradichlorbenzene. The yield of terephthalic acid amounts to 68.8% of the theoretical yield (conversion 98.8%
- Example 7 147 grams of para-dichlorbenzene, 40 grams of sodium hydroxide, 160 grams of calcined soda and 108 grams of water are charged into a rolling bomb. After forcing in 100 atmospheres of carbon monoxide, it is heated to ,310" C. and the rolling bomb kept at this temperature for 20 hours. The reaction product is extracted with water and the aqueous solution acidified. 91 grams of terephthalic acid are obtained. From the residue insoluble in water there are recovered 2 grams of terephthalic acid and 1 gram of unreacted paradichlorbenzene. The conversion is practically complete. The yield of terephthalic acid amounts to 56% of the theoretical yield.
- Example 8 230 parts of para-dibrombenzene, 80 parts of sodium hydroxide and 40 parts of water are charged into a rolling autoclave and, after forcing in atmospheres of carbon monoxide, heated for 28 hours at 310 to 320 C., the pressure thereby rising to 300 atmospheres. The reaction product is extracted with water and the aqueous solution acidified with aqueous hydrogen chloride solution. 44 parts of bromobenzoic acid and 66 parts of terephthalic acid are obtained. The water-insoluble portion (20 parts) consists of para-dibromobenzene.
- Example 10 147 parts of ortho-dichlorbe'nzene, 80 parts of sodium hydroxide, 40 parts of water and 10 parts of nickel cardiphenyl together with a formate of an alkali metal at a temperature of from 100 to 400 C. and under a carbon monoxide pressure of from 5 to 500 atmospheres in a diluent, then dissolving the reaction product, after it has been freed from the unreacted halogeno-hydrocarbon, separating the undissolved remaining compounds and acidifying the aqueous solution.
- a process for the production of benzene dicarboxylic acids and diphenyl dicarboxylic acids which comprises heating a member of the group consisting of dichlorobenzene, dibromobenzene, dichlorodiphenyl, and dibromodiphenyl with at least the equivalent amount of a formate of an alkali metal at a temperature of from to 400 C. and under a carbon monoxide pressure of from to 500 atmospheres, for a period of at least about six hours, then dissolving the reaction product in water after it has been freed from unreacted halogenohydrocarbon, separating the undissolved remaining compounds and acidifying the aqueous solution.
- a process for the production of benzene dicarboxylic acids and diphenyl dicarboxylic acids which comprises heating a member of the group consisting of dichlorobenzene, dibromobenzene, dichlorodiphenyl, and dibrornodiphenyl together with a formate of an alkali metal at a temperature of from 270 to 350 C. and under a carbon monoxide pressure of from 5 to 500 atmospheres, then dissolving the reaction product in.water after it has been freed from the unreacted halogenohy- Q m e/t) drocarbon, separating the undissolved remaining compounds, and acidifying the aqueous solution.
- a process for the production of benzene dicarboxylic acids which comprises reacting a dihalogenobenzene selected from the group consisting of dichlorobenzene and dibromobenzene with at least the equivalent amount of a formate of an alkali metal at a temperature of to 400 C. and under a carbon monoxide pressure of from 5 to 500 atmospheres, then dissolving the reaction product in water after it has been freed from the unreacted halogeno-hydrocarbon, separating the undissolved remaining compounds and acidifying the acqueous solution.
- a dihalogenobenzene selected from the group consisting of dichlorobenzene and dibromobenzene
- a formate of an alkali metal at a temperature of to 400 C. and under a carbon monoxide pressure of from 5 to 500 atmospheres
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Description
nitc tes act 309,951 Patented Nov. 21, test This invention relates to a new process for the production of carboxylic acids, their esters or salts. In particular it relates to a new process for the production of carboxylic acids, their esters and salts by reaction of halogen hydrocarbons with formates.
It is already known that carboxylic acids are obtained by reacting unsaturated compounds with carbon monoxide and water in the presence of metal carbonyls or carbonyl-forming metals, in particular metals of the iron group.
A further known process consists in leading halogenated hydrocarbons with carbon monoxide and steam over active carbon. pumice or silica gel at elevated temperature.
Finally carboxylic acids have already been prepared by the action of Water on the carbonylation products such as are obtainable by the reaction of carbon monoxide with chloro hydrocarbons in the presence of a carbonyl of a metal of the iron group and an ester of a carboxylic acid.
An object of the present invention is to provide a new process for the production of carboxylic acids, their esters or salts which is simpler than the prior processes and is practicable in a technically simple manner. A further object of the invention is a new process for the production of carboxylic acids, their esters and salts in which the danger of corrosion, which is unavoidable in the prior carbonylation processes of chloro hydrocarbons, is obviated.
We have found that these advantages can be obtained and carboxylic acids, their esters or salts are obtained in good yields by treating a halogen hydrocarbon at elevated temperature and under increased pressure with a formate which contains as cation a metal of the first and/or second main group of the periodic system and/or ammonium.
As halogen hydrocarbons there are suitable especially the chlorides or bromides of hydrocarbons of the allphatic, cycloaliphatic,'araliphatic and in particular of the aromatic series. Suitable compounds are particularly chlorides ant kwbrornides of monoand polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons including those containing condensed rings. For example among the mononuclear aromatic hydrocarbons there may be mentioned chlorbenzene, bromobenzene, bromotoluene, chlorotoluene, and chlorxylenes. AmOng the halogen compounds of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons there may be mentioned for examplethose of naphthalene, anthracene and diphenyl. The halogen hydrocarbons may also contain two or more halogen atoms, as for example dichlorobenzene, dibromobenzene, dibromotoluene and dichlorotoluene. Besides the said monoor poly-halogen compounds there may also be used halogen hydrocarbons which besides the halide also contain other radicals, as for example cyano, carboxylic, ester or ether groups. Mixtures of the said halogen hydrocarbons are also suitable.
The reaction is preferably carried out at temperatures between about 100 and 400 C., in particular at 270 to 350 C., and under increased pressure, as for example 5 to 500 atmospheres, particularly 5 to 300 atmospheres, advantageously 100 to 250 atmospheres. For example the reaction may be effected by heating the halogeno hydrocarbon or halogeno hydrocarbon mixture with formates of the metals of the first and/or second main group of the Periodic System, in particular with sodium, potassium or calcium formate, and/or with ammonium tormate, in a closed vessel. The pressure necessary for the reaction thereby being in general automatically set up. If the-necessary pressure is not reached, or if it is desired to work at higher pressures, the desired pressure can be set up by forcing in gases, as for example nitrogen or carbon monoxide. Working under high pressures has the advantage that decomposition of the formates is substantiall or entirely avoided. Corresponding to the course of the reaction reproduced by the following equations for the reaction of dichlorbenzene and sodium formate:
the formate is used in an amount at least equivalent to each gram atom of halogen in the chlorohydrocarbon. It is preferable to use about 1.2 to 2.5 times the calculated amount.
It is not necessary to use the metal or ammonium formates themselves. It is sufficient if these can form during the reaction. For example there may be used instead of the formates, the hydroxides of the alkali or alkaline earth metals or of ammonium and carbon monoxide. For the reaction the hydroxides, of which, besides ammonium hydroxide, in particular sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, barium and strontium hydroxide come into question, are used in an amount which is at least sutticient to form the amount of alkali or alkaline earth metal formate or ammonium formate necessary'for the reaction and necessary'according to the above equation. A part of the hydroxide, for ex ample about one to eight tenths of the amount, may also be replaced by carbonates of the metals of the 1st and/ or 2nd main group of the Periodic System or by am monium carbonate.
The reaction may be carried out without or in the presence of substances which accelerate the reaction. Suitable catalysts are for example metal carbonyl compounds, such as the carbonyls of nickel, cobalt, iron, molybdenum and chromium, metal carbonyl hydrides, as for example cobalt carbonyl hydride, or complex compounds, such as Fe(CO.,)Br (R P) Ni(CO) or (R P)Ni(CO) in which R represents a hydrocarbon radical, especially an alkyl group. When Working in the presence of catalysts it is not necessary to add the metal carbonyl compounds as ready-made compounds, but rather they may also be formed during the reaction from their components. Thus for example it is sufficient, when working under a pressure of carbon monoxide, to add the carbonyl-forming metals themselves to the reaction mixture, and the carbon monoxide used may also contain other gases, especially hydrogen. ,Other suitable catalysts are for example metals, such as copper or silver, especially in finely divided form, as well as the halides of copper, silver, nickel, cobalt and iron.
When working in aqueous or alcoholic solution it is necessary, when the formates are formed during the reaction, for example from the alkali hydroxides and carbon monoxide, to use the hydroxy compound in not too small concentration because otherwise the course of the reaction is retarded or entirely stopped. In this case it is therefore preferable to use the hydroxides in a concentration of at least 10% and advantageously 50% or more, as for example up to If it is desired to obtain only the salts instead of the carboxylic acids, this may be achieved in a simple way by adding to the initial mixture also compounds having a basic reaction, as for example oxides, hydroxides, car- 3 bonates or salts of weak organic acids and alkali or alkaline earth metals or ammonia or organic bases, such as alkylamines, pyridine or quinoline, or, when starting from hydroxides instead of formates, by using currespondingly increased amounts of hydroxides. When working'in an alcoholic media for example in the presence of a lower aliphatic alcohol such as methanol, ethanol or propanol the ester of the aromatic carboxylic acids are obtained.
The process may be carried out continuously or discontinuously. It is not necessary to work in corrosionproof apparatus.
The following examples will further illustrate this invention but the invention is not restricted to these examples. The parts, where specified, are parts by weight.
Example 1 147 grams of para-dichlorbenzene and 272 grams of sodium formate are slowly heated in a copper rolling bomb under a carbon monoxide pressure of 50 atmospheres to 320 C., the pressure thereby rising to 110 atmospheres. After 6 hours, the contents-of the autoclave are extracted with benzene. From the extract there are recovered 35 grams of para-dichlorbenzene. The salt-like residue is dissolved in water, 2 grams of terephthalic acid remaining undissolved. The aqueous solution is acidified with hydrochloric acid. The acid mixture of parachlorobenzoic acidand terephthalic acid which separates is filtered off and dried. The total yields amount to 13 grams of para-chlorbenzoic acid and 80 grams of terephthalic acid.
Example 2 250 grams of para-dichlorbenzene are heated with 272 grams of sodium formate and 30 grams of nickel carbonyl in a copper rolling autoclave of 2 litres capacity at 270 to 280 C. under a pressure of 200 atmospheres of carbon monoxide for lhours. It is then allowed to cool and is decompressed. The reaction mixture is extracted with benzene. From the extract 58 grams of unreacted part-dichlorbenzene are recovered by distilling olf the benzene. The residue of the reaction mixture which does not pass into the benzene phase is treated with water and the aqueous solution acidified with hydrochloric acid. The precipitate, which consists of terephthalic acid, is filtered ofl and dried. Besides small amounts of para-chlorbenzoic acid, 20 grams of terephthalic acid are obtained. The part which is insoluble in water is extracted with methanol, whereby upon drying there are obtained as residue another 77 grams of terephthalic acid and 4% of para-chlorbenzoic acid.
Example 3 147 grams of para-dichlorbenzene are heated with 272 grams of sodium formate and 30 grams of nickel carbonyl in a copper rolling autoclave of 2 litres capacity for 10 hours at 270 to 280 C. under 5 atmospheres carbon monoxide pressure. The reaction mixture is worked up in the way described in Example 1. Terephthalic acid is obtained in a yield of 50% of the theoretical yield.
Example 4 147 grams of para-dichlorbenzene, 80 grams of sodium hydroxide and 36 grams of water are charged into a rolling bomb and heated to 310 C. after 120 atmospheres of carbon monoxide have been forced in. The pressure thereby rises to 250 atmospheres and is kept constant for hours by' forcing in carbon monoxide when the pressure falls. The pulverulent product is extracted with water and 14 grams of terephthalic acid are precipitated from the aqueous filtrate by acidification with mineral acid. The residue undissolved in water is treated with benzene, whereby 59 grams of unreacted para-dichlorbenzene pass into solution and 65 grams of terephthalic acid remain uhdissolvcd. The yield amounts to 79% of the theoretical yield (degree of conversion 59.9%
Example 5 para-dichlorbenzene which has not entered into reaction.
The yield of terephthalic acid amounts of 79% of the theoretical yield (conversion 90.5%).
By working under otherwise identical conditions while using 1,440 grams of water, a yield of terephthalic acid of only 1 gram is obtained.
Example 6 74 grams of para-dichlorbenzene, 80 grams of sodium hydroxide and 36 grams of water are charged into a shaking bomb lined with copper and shaken at 310 C. for 20 hours after atmospheres of carbon monoxide have been forced in.
The reaction product is extracted with water and the aqueous solution acidified, whereby 47 grams of terephthalic acid are thrown down as an insoluble precipitate. From the water-insoluble residue there are obtained 10 grams of terephthalic acid and 2 grams of unreacted paradichlorbenzene. The yield of terephthalic acid amounts to 68.8% of the theoretical yield (conversion 98.8%
Example 7 147 grams of para-dichlorbenzene, 40 grams of sodium hydroxide, 160 grams of calcined soda and 108 grams of water are charged into a rolling bomb. After forcing in 100 atmospheres of carbon monoxide, it is heated to ,310" C. and the rolling bomb kept at this temperature for 20 hours. The reaction product is extracted with water and the aqueous solution acidified. 91 grams of terephthalic acid are obtained. From the residue insoluble in water there are recovered 2 grams of terephthalic acid and 1 gram of unreacted paradichlorbenzene. The conversion is practically complete. The yield of terephthalic acid amounts to 56% of the theoretical yield.
Example 8 Example 9 230 parts of para-dibrombenzene, 80 parts of sodium hydroxide and 40 parts of water are charged into a rolling autoclave and, after forcing in atmospheres of carbon monoxide, heated for 28 hours at 310 to 320 C., the pressure thereby rising to 300 atmospheres. The reaction product is extracted with water and the aqueous solution acidified with aqueous hydrogen chloride solution. 44 parts of bromobenzoic acid and 66 parts of terephthalic acid are obtained. The water-insoluble portion (20 parts) consists of para-dibromobenzene.
Example 10 147 parts of ortho-dichlorbe'nzene, 80 parts of sodium hydroxide, 40 parts of water and 10 parts of nickel cardiphenyl together with a formate of an alkali metal at a temperature of from 100 to 400 C. and under a carbon monoxide pressure of from 5 to 500 atmospheres in a diluent, then dissolving the reaction product, after it has been freed from the unreacted halogeno-hydrocarbon, separating the undissolved remaining compounds and acidifying the aqueous solution.
2. A process for the production of benzene dicarboxylic acids and diphenyl dicarboxylic acids which comprises heating a member of the group consisting of dichlorobenzene, dibromobenzene, dichlorodiphenyl, and dibromodiphenyl with at least the equivalent amount of a formate of an alkali metal at a temperature of from to 400 C. and under a carbon monoxide pressure of from to 500 atmospheres, for a period of at least about six hours, then dissolving the reaction product in water after it has been freed from unreacted halogenohydrocarbon, separating the undissolved remaining compounds and acidifying the aqueous solution.
3. A process for the production of benzene dicarboxylic acids and diphenyl dicarboxylic acids which comprises heating a member of the group consisting of dichlorobenzene, dibromobenzene, dichlorodiphenyl, and dibrornodiphenyl together with a formate of an alkali metal at a temperature of from 270 to 350 C. and under a carbon monoxide pressure of from 5 to 500 atmospheres, then dissolving the reaction product in.water after it has been freed from the unreacted halogenohy- Q m e/t) drocarbon, separating the undissolved remaining compounds, and acidifying the aqueous solution.
4. The process claimed in claim 3, wherein the reaction is carried out in the presence of a nickel carbonyl compound.
5. The process claimed in claim 3, wherein the alkali metal formate is formed during the reaction from an alkali hydroxide and carbon monoxide, said hydroxide being present in an aqueous solution having a concentration of at least about hydroxide.
6. The process claimed in claim 3, wherein one tenth to eight tenths of the amount of hydroxide which is necessary for the 'formation of the formates by reaction with carbon monoxide is replaced by the corresponding alkali metal carbonate.
7. A process for the production of benzene dicarboxylic acids which comprises reacting a dihalogenobenzene selected from the group consisting of dichlorobenzene and dibromobenzene with at least the equivalent amount of a formate of an alkali metal at a temperature of to 400 C. and under a carbon monoxide pressure of from 5 to 500 atmospheres, then dissolving the reaction product in water after it has been freed from the unreacted halogeno-hydrocarbon, separating the undissolved remaining compounds and acidifying the acqueous solution.
8. The process as claimed in claim 7 wherein the formate of an alkali metal is formed by the interaction of the corresponding alkali metal hydroxide and carbon monoxide, said hydroxidebeing present in an aqueous solution having a concentration of at least about 50% hydroxide.
9. The process as claimed in claim 7, wherein the formate used is sodium formate.
10. The process according to claim 7, wherein nickel carbonyl is used as a catalyst.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,013,338 Carpenter Sept. 3, 1935 2,565,461 Bliss et a1 Aug. 28, 1951 2,565,464 Tabet Aug. 28, 1951 2,734,912 Leibu Feb. 14, 1956 UNITED STATES PATENT. OFFICE ERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION Patent No; $069351 November 21, 1961 Hugo T of; a1,
It is hereby certified .that error appears in the above numbered petent'requiring correction and that the said Letters Patent should read as corrected below.
Column 3, line 21, for "parrfiz-dichlorbenzene" read para-dichlorbenzen-e column 4:, line 12 for "of",
second occurrerwe Toad "50 Signed and sealed this 15th day of May 1962o (SEAL): Attest:
" ERNEST W. SWIDER I Attes ting Officer DAVID L. LADD Commissioner of Patent
Claims (1)
1. A PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF BENZENE DICARBOXYLIC ACIDS AND DIPHENYL DICARBOXYLIC ACIDS WHICH COMPRISES HEATING A MEMBER OF THE GROUP CONSISTING OF DICHLOROBENZENE, DIBROMOBENZENE, DICHLORODIPHENYL, AND DIBROMODIPHENYL TOGETHER WITH A FORMATE OF AN ALKALI METAL AT A TEMPERATURE OF FROM 100* TO 400*C. AND UNDER A CARBON MONOXIDE PRESSURE OF FROM 5 TO 500 ATMOSPHERES IN A DILUENT, THEN DISSOLVING THE REACTION PRODUCT, AFTER IT HAS BEEN FREED FROM THE UNREACTED HALOGENO-HYDROCARBON, SEPARATING THE UNDISSOLVED REMAINING COMPOUNDS AND ACIDIFYING THE AQUEOUS SOLUTION.
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Cited By (2)
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US4060690A (en) * | 1972-08-17 | 1977-11-29 | Dynamit Nobel Aktiengesellschaft | Method of preparing arylacetic acid alkyl esters |
US4665213A (en) * | 1985-08-29 | 1987-05-12 | The British Petroleum Company P.L.C. | Process for the production of esters |
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US2013338A (en) * | 1931-08-24 | 1935-09-03 | Du Pont | Process for the production of carboxylic acids |
US2565464A (en) * | 1950-12-22 | 1951-08-28 | Du Pont | Carbonylation of aryl halides |
US2565461A (en) * | 1949-05-28 | 1951-08-28 | Bliss Harding | Carbonylation of aromatic halides |
US2734912A (en) * | 1956-02-14 | Carbonylation of aromatic halides |
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Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US2734912A (en) * | 1956-02-14 | Carbonylation of aromatic halides | ||
US2013338A (en) * | 1931-08-24 | 1935-09-03 | Du Pont | Process for the production of carboxylic acids |
US2565461A (en) * | 1949-05-28 | 1951-08-28 | Bliss Harding | Carbonylation of aromatic halides |
US2565464A (en) * | 1950-12-22 | 1951-08-28 | Du Pont | Carbonylation of aryl halides |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US4060690A (en) * | 1972-08-17 | 1977-11-29 | Dynamit Nobel Aktiengesellschaft | Method of preparing arylacetic acid alkyl esters |
US4665213A (en) * | 1985-08-29 | 1987-05-12 | The British Petroleum Company P.L.C. | Process for the production of esters |
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