US3000720A - Desensitization of cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine with dinitroethylbenzene - Google Patents
Desensitization of cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine with dinitroethylbenzene Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3000720A US3000720A US805347A US80534759A US3000720A US 3000720 A US3000720 A US 3000720A US 805347 A US805347 A US 805347A US 80534759 A US80534759 A US 80534759A US 3000720 A US3000720 A US 3000720A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- desensitization
- explosives
- explosive
- rdx
- dinitroethylbenzene
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- XTFIVUDBNACUBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazinane Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)N1CN([N+]([O-])=O)CN([N+]([O-])=O)C1 XTFIVUDBNACUBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 13
- 238000000586 desensitisation Methods 0.000 title description 8
- PQSWCVYWEGIBPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dinitroethylbenzene Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C([N+]([O-])=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 PQSWCVYWEGIBPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 4
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 21
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000004200 microcrystalline wax Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019808 microcrystalline wax Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- SPSSULHKWOKEEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene Chemical compound CC1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O SPSSULHKWOKEEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- AGUIVNYEYSCPNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methyl-N-picrylnitramine Chemical group [O-][N+](=O)N(C)C1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O AGUIVNYEYSCPNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TZRXHJWUDPFEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)OCC(CO[N+]([O-])=O)(CO[N+]([O-])=O)CO[N+]([O-])=O TZRXHJWUDPFEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PRXRUNOAOLTIEF-ADSICKODSA-N Sorbitan trioleate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC PRXRUNOAOLTIEF-ADSICKODSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004147 Sorbitan trioleate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 239000002575 chemical warfare agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940114937 microcrystalline wax Drugs 0.000 description 1
- UZGLIIJVICEWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N octogen Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)N1CN([N+]([O-])=O)CN([N+]([O-])=O)CN([N+]([O-])=O)C1 UZGLIIJVICEWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960000391 sorbitan trioleate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019337 sorbitan trioleate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000015 trinitrotoluene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B21/00—Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
- C06B21/0083—Treatment of solid structures, e.g. for coating or impregnating with a modifier
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B45/00—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product
- C06B45/18—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising a coated component
- C06B45/20—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising a coated component the component base containing an organic explosive or an organic thermic component
- C06B45/22—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising a coated component the component base containing an organic explosive or an organic thermic component the coating containing an organic compound
- C06B45/24—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising a coated component the component base containing an organic explosive or an organic thermic component the coating containing an organic compound the compound being an organic explosive or an organic thermic component
Definitions
- This invention relates to desensitization of high explosives. More particularly it relates to desensitizing granular high explosives by coating with dinitroethylbenzene.
- Cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine hereinafter designated as RDX
- RDX Cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine
- DNEB dinitroethyl-benzene
- DNEB has the advantages of (1) not detracting but actually contributing to the explosive effect, and (2) desensitizing the high explosive so that it can be shipped and handled without being water-wet.
- a specific example of coating RDX with DNEB is as follows: Sixty pounds of water is poured into a 40-gallon stainless steel kettle equipped with an air-driven propellernited States Patent 0 "ice type agitator which has for example, 'four inch'blades on a one and one-half inch shaft. The agitator is started and twenty pounds of RDX is slowly sprinkled into the kettle. In a separate operation, a small quantity of Alox 600 wetting agent is dispersed in three pounds of DNEB, the small quantity of Alox being of magnitude of two-hundredths of a pound.
- an Alox compound is mixed oxygenated hydrocarbons derived from the controlled partial oxidation of petroleum fractions ranging from the boiling point of gasoline to micro-crystalline waxes. They consist fundamentally of mixtures of organic acids and their esters ranging from C to C and higher.
- the properties of Alex 600 are, specific gravity at 158 F., 0.81 16 to 0.9042 and viscosity, Saybolt, 240-290 at 210 F.
- This separately prepared mixture described above is then poured into the RDX water slurry, while the latter is being agitated. Mixing is then continued for fifteen minutes at the expiration of which the material in the kettle is then filtered on a vacuum pan through a closeweave cotton twill cloth. The product, coated RDX, is then dried in a circulating forced-air dryer at approximately 60 C.
- the ratio of RDX to water is arbitrary. Any convenient proportion that results in good mixing and a minimum loss of DNEB is satisfactory.
- wetting agents other than Alox 600 may be used.
- sorbitantrioleate can be used in the same quantities as Alox. It is also our discovery that desensitization can be achieved without using any wetting agent at all, but best results are obtained with Alox 600 and its use is preferred by us.
- our invention comprises not only the new product, desensitized high explosives, but the process or method of producing the same. It is further apparent that as a result of the present invention, substantially improved desensitization is possible for granular explosives such as trinitrotoluene, cyclotetramethylenetetranitramine, tetryl, pentaerythrite tetranitrate, etc. Also, whether the DNEB is dispersed into the kettle in solution with a suitable wetting agent or separately, it will be recognized by those skilled in the art that variations are within the spirit of this invention and accordingly the above disclosure is considered merely as illustrative and not as limitat-ive.
- the method of desensitizing granular cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine by coating which comprises the steps of (a) preparing a slurry .by pouring slowly twenty pounds of cyclotrimethylene-trinitramine into a kettle with water while the water is being agitated, (b) preparing a separate mixture by pouring approximately two hundredths of a pound of a wetting agent comprising an oxygenated hydrocarbon consisting fundamentally of mixtures of organic acids and their esters having from five to thirty- 5 five carbon atoms in the chain, into three to five pounds of dinitroethylbenzene, (c) pouring the mixture into the slurry while the slurry is being agitated until thoroughly mixed, (d) filtering the said product through a closeweave cotton cloth, and (e) drying the filtered product 1 by circulating air of approximately 60 C. therethrough.
Description
DESENSITIZATION F CYCLOTRlll/IETHYLENE- ZEIRINITRAMINE WIlH DINIT'ROEI'HYLBEN- The invention described herein may be manufactured and used by or for the Government for governmental purposes without the payment to me of any royalty thereon.
This invention relates to desensitization of high explosives. More particularly it relates to desensitizing granular high explosives by coating with dinitroethylbenzene.
Densitization of explosives has long been a problem of major concern to persons working in the field of explosives. Since explosives must of necessity be made and used by humans, they must primarily be safe to handle. Quite often, desirable explosives do not possess this quality and must be modified to make them less sensitive.
Cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine, hereinafter designated as RDX, is one such explosive. Despite its excellent explosive characteristics, its military use has often been restricted by its high sensitivity.
In order to overcome this defect, the conventional practice has been to coat the crystalline grains of RDX with an inert material, usually micro-crystalline wax or other suitable equivalent. While this procedure generally achieved a significant measure of desensitization, it usually resulted in a large number of crystals not being coated adequately or properly. A further disadvantage is that this desensitization has been obtained at the expense of explosive power, since for a given weight of explosive charge, a definite weight of inert material is used to replace the explosive.
Since coating with wax has decided limitations, the use of dinitroethyl-benzene, hereinafter designated as DNEB, offers a new approach to the solution of the sensitivity problem. Because of its unique properties as liquid explosive with extremely low sensitivity, it can be easily used to coat a granular material fairly evenly. At the same time it cannot be initiated until the RDX is detonated. In this manner it not only contributes to the desensitization, but also contributes to the explosive power.
Accordingly it is an object of the instant invention to desensitize explosives and thereby facilitate safe handling thereof.
It is a further object to provide a method for uniformly coating granular explosives rendering them desensitized.
By coating the RDX or other granular explosive with DNEB the impact sensitivity and the friction sensitivity are greatly improved. DNEB has the advantages of (1) not detracting but actually contributing to the explosive effect, and (2) desensitizing the high explosive so that it can be shipped and handled without being water-wet.
A specific example of coating RDX with DNEB is as follows: Sixty pounds of water is poured into a 40-gallon stainless steel kettle equipped with an air-driven propellernited States Patent 0 "ice type agitator which has for example, 'four inch'blades on a one and one-half inch shaft. The agitator is started and twenty pounds of RDX is slowly sprinkled into the kettle. In a separate operation, a small quantity of Alox 600 wetting agent is dispersed in three pounds of DNEB, the small quantity of Alox being of magnitude of two-hundredths of a pound. As described in chemical dictionaries, an Alox compound is mixed oxygenated hydrocarbons derived from the controlled partial oxidation of petroleum fractions ranging from the boiling point of gasoline to micro-crystalline waxes. They consist fundamentally of mixtures of organic acids and their esters ranging from C to C and higher. The properties of Alex 600 are, specific gravity at 158 F., 0.81 16 to 0.9042 and viscosity, Saybolt, 240-290 at 210 F.
This separately prepared mixture described above is then poured into the RDX water slurry, while the latter is being agitated. Mixing is then continued for fifteen minutes at the expiration of which the material in the kettle is then filtered on a vacuum pan through a closeweave cotton twill cloth. The product, coated RDX, is then dried in a circulating forced-air dryer at approximately 60 C.
In accordance with the above process the following table indicates representative proportions that may be used in preparing batches:
The ratio of RDX to water is arbitrary. Any convenient proportion that results in good mixing and a minimum loss of DNEB is satisfactory.
Wetting agents other than Alox 600 may be used. For example, sorbitantrioleate can be used in the same quantities as Alox. It is also our discovery that desensitization can be achieved without using any wetting agent at all, but best results are obtained with Alox 600 and its use is preferred by us.
From the foregoing, it is apparent to those skilled in the art, that our invention comprises not only the new product, desensitized high explosives, but the process or method of producing the same. It is further apparent that as a result of the present invention, substantially improved desensitization is possible for granular explosives such as trinitrotoluene, cyclotetramethylenetetranitramine, tetryl, pentaerythrite tetranitrate, etc. Also, whether the DNEB is dispersed into the kettle in solution with a suitable wetting agent or separately, it will be recognized by those skilled in the art that variations are within the spirit of this invention and accordingly the above disclosure is considered merely as illustrative and not as limitat-ive.
What we claim is:
The method of desensitizing granular cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine by coating which comprises the steps of (a) preparing a slurry .by pouring slowly twenty pounds of cyclotrimethylene-trinitramine into a kettle with water while the water is being agitated, (b) preparing a separate mixture by pouring approximately two hundredths of a pound of a wetting agent comprising an oxygenated hydrocarbon consisting fundamentally of mixtures of organic acids and their esters having from five to thirty- 5 five carbon atoms in the chain, into three to five pounds of dinitroethylbenzene, (c) pouring the mixture into the slurry while the slurry is being agitated until thoroughly mixed, (d) filtering the said product through a closeweave cotton cloth, and (e) drying the filtered product 1 by circulating air of approximately 60 C. therethrough.
References Cited in tie file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS I-I-ale June 18, 1935 Fassnacht et a1. a Apr. 17, 1951 OTHER REFERENCES Bebie: Manual of Explosives, Military Pyrotechnics, and Chemical Warfare Agents, 1943, pages 60-61.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US805347A US3000720A (en) | 1959-04-09 | 1959-04-09 | Desensitization of cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine with dinitroethylbenzene |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US805347A US3000720A (en) | 1959-04-09 | 1959-04-09 | Desensitization of cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine with dinitroethylbenzene |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3000720A true US3000720A (en) | 1961-09-19 |
Family
ID=25191319
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US805347A Expired - Lifetime US3000720A (en) | 1959-04-09 | 1959-04-09 | Desensitization of cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine with dinitroethylbenzene |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3000720A (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3112233A (en) * | 1960-05-26 | 1963-11-26 | Jersey Prod Res Co | Drilling fluid containing explosive composition |
| US3138496A (en) * | 1961-06-13 | 1964-06-23 | Commercial Solvents Corp | Granular cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine explosive coated with alkyl amide and microcrystalline wax |
| US3466205A (en) * | 1965-03-01 | 1969-09-09 | Armees France | Explosive containing hexogene or octogene and a nitrated n-methylaniline |
| US3472713A (en) * | 1967-07-20 | 1969-10-14 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | Fusible aromatic nitrocompound explosive composition containing particular wax as a desensitizer |
| US9386433B2 (en) | 2008-01-11 | 2016-07-05 | Seven Networks, Llc | System and method for providing a network service in a distributed fashion to a mobile device |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2004941A (en) * | 1934-03-15 | 1935-06-18 | George C Hale | Explosive |
| US2548880A (en) * | 1948-02-12 | 1951-04-17 | Du Pont | Process of producing cyclonitecontaining explosive |
-
1959
- 1959-04-09 US US805347A patent/US3000720A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2004941A (en) * | 1934-03-15 | 1935-06-18 | George C Hale | Explosive |
| US2548880A (en) * | 1948-02-12 | 1951-04-17 | Du Pont | Process of producing cyclonitecontaining explosive |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3112233A (en) * | 1960-05-26 | 1963-11-26 | Jersey Prod Res Co | Drilling fluid containing explosive composition |
| US3138496A (en) * | 1961-06-13 | 1964-06-23 | Commercial Solvents Corp | Granular cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine explosive coated with alkyl amide and microcrystalline wax |
| US3466205A (en) * | 1965-03-01 | 1969-09-09 | Armees France | Explosive containing hexogene or octogene and a nitrated n-methylaniline |
| US3472713A (en) * | 1967-07-20 | 1969-10-14 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | Fusible aromatic nitrocompound explosive composition containing particular wax as a desensitizer |
| US9386433B2 (en) | 2008-01-11 | 2016-07-05 | Seven Networks, Llc | System and method for providing a network service in a distributed fashion to a mobile device |
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