US3000269A

US3000269A - Carbine stabilizer

Info

Publication number: US3000269A
Application number: US830401A
Authority: US
Inventors: Varona Oscar Bilbao; Varona Olivio Bilbao
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1959-07-29
Filing date: 1959-07-29
Publication date: 1961-09-19
Anticipated expiration: 1978-09-19

Description

S p 1961 o. B. VARONA ET AL CARBINE STABILIZER 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed July 29, 1959 NTORS AW,

ATTD R NEYE Ens p 1951 o. B. VARONA ETAL CARBINE STABILIZER 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed July 29, 1959 ATTORNEYS Sept. 19, 1961 o. B. VARONA ETAL CARBINE STABILIZER 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed July 29, 1959 United States Patent 3,000,269 CARBINE STABILIZER Oscar Bilbao Varona and Olivia Bilbao Varona, both of 17 N. Road Cubao, Quezon City, Philippine Republic Filed July 29,- 1959, Ser. No. 830,401 6 Claims. (Cl. 89-198) This invention relates to firearms of the carbine M-l type as used by the Army, and in particular, a ri-fle having a sliding barrel and receiver with a stabilizer spring for taking the recoil and returning the barrel and receiver to the firing position, and with means for readily converting the firearm from semi-automatic to full-automatic operation and also from full-automatic to semi-automatic operation.

The purpose of this invention is to minimize the recoil action of firearms and to provide means for operating a conventional hammer retaining sear with an auxiliary sear through a pivotally mounted dog with the auxiliary sear adapted to be actuated by a trigger and with the trigger adapted to coact with a selector for fullor semi-automatic operation.

The invention includes firearms that have been provided for Army use and elements have been incorporated in firearms to minimize the recoil, and for converting firearms from semi-automatic to full-automatic operation or from full-automatic to semi-automatic operation, however, such devices provide ways and means to compensate the recoil efiectively and concentrate the group shots in full-automatic fire to the target.

With this thought in mind, this invention contemplates a firearm having a stock with a trigger assembly mounted thereon and a barrel, receiver and hammer assembly slidably mounted in an elongated opening in the stock and provided with an elongated stabilizing spring whereby the recoil of the sliding barrel and receiver assembly is taken by the spring instead of being transmitted to the shoulder of the person operating the firearm.

The object of this invention is, therefore, to provide an improved firearm of the type adapted to be converted from semi-automatic to full-automatic operation or from full-automatic to semi-automatic operation by abutton selector slidably mounted in the trigger housing wherein the recoil action is taken by a sliding movement of the barrel and receiver in combination with a stabilizing spring.

Another object of the invention is to provide a firearm having an auxiliary sear adapted to be operated by a trigger in combination with a selector in which the auxiliary sear actuates the conventional sear for releasing the hammer through a pivotally mounted dog and a pair of arms whereby the device may readily be converted from semi-automatic to full-automatic operation by sliding parts laterally in the trigger assembly. 1

Another important object of the invention is to provide a firearm of the carbine M-l type that is to be readily converted into full automatic or from full automatic to semi-automatic in which the operating instrumentalities are adapted to be incorporated in a stock ofa conventional size. i

A further object of the invention is to provide an improved firearm of the carbine. M1 type in which the device is adapted to be converted from semi-automatic to full automatic and from full automatic to semi-automatic in which the firearm is of a simple and economical construction.

With these and other objects and advantages in view, the invention embodies a firearm having a stock with an elongated vertically disposed slot extended therethrough, a barrel and receiver slidably mounted in the stock, a trigger assembly including an auxiliary sear with a dog pivotally mounted thereon, a selector, a latch, ando ther v "ice associated instrumentalities fixedly mounted on the stock, a conventional hammer having a driving spring in combination therewith pivotally mounted in the reeciver and slidably mounted in the stock, and a stabilizing spring mounted in the stock and positioned to carry the barrel and receiver forwardly in the contrary action.

:Other'features and advantages of the invention will appear from the following description, taken in connection with the drawings, wherein:

FIGURE 1 is a plan view showing the intermediate portion of the improved firearm with parts ofthe barrel and stock broken away.

FIGURE 2 is a longitudinal section through the fire arm taken on line 2-2 of FIGURE 1 also with parts of the barrel and stock broken away.

FIGURE 3 is a longitudinal section through the intermediate part of the firearm with the hammer in the firing position showing the trigger and hammer operating assemblies, with the parts shown on an enlarged scale, and with parts of the stock and barrel broken away.

FIGURE 4 is a longitudinal section similar to that shown in FIGURE 3 illustrating the position of the parts with the hammer in the cocked position.

. FIGURE 5 is a view looking upwardly toward the under surface of the intermediate part of thefirearm, being taken on line 5-5 of FIGURE 3.

FIGURE 6 is a cross section through the intermediate part of the firearm taken on line 6-6 of FIGURE 3 also showing the firearm with the parts on an enlarged scale.

FIGURE 7 is a longitudinal section through the intermediate part of the firearm with the parts shown substantially as in FIGURE 4 and showing the relative position of the parts when converted to the full-automatic position.

FIGURE 8 is a longitudinal section similar to that shown in FIGURE 7 showing the hammer in the firing position. a.

FIGURE 9 is a sectional plan through the intermediate part of the firearm taken on line 9-9 of FIGURE 8 showing the relative positions of the parts and also showing the mounting of the stabilizing spring. 7

FIGURE 10 is a sectional plan taken on line 10-10 of FIGURE 8 showing the conversion elements in the full-automatic position.

FIGURE 11 is a longitudinal section through the firearm taken on line 11-11 of FIGURE 10 showing the selector and latch extended from the end thereof.

FIGURE 12 is a cross section through the firearm taken on line 12-12 of FIGURE 7 illustrating the mounting of the button by which the device is converted from semi-automatic to full-automatic operation or from full-automatic to semi-automatic operation.

' FIGURE 13 is a longitudinal section through the firearm showing the selector, auxiliary sear and trigger with ,the parts assembled for full-automatic operation and also showing the slot in the stock of the firearm in which the barrel and receiver are slidably mounted.

FIGURE 14 is a view similar to that shown in FIG- URE 13 looking from the opposite side of the firearm showing the auxiliary sear, with the view being taken along the line 14-14 of FIGURE 10. r

FIGURE 15 is a view illustrating the dog positioned between the end of the auxiliarly scar and a tooth of the selector.

FIGURE 16 is a perspective view of the dog that is pivotally mounted on the auxiliary sear.

Referring now to the drawings, wherein like reference characters denote corresponding parts, the improved carbine of this invention includes a stock 10, a barrel 11 and a receiver 12 that are slidably mounted in the stock, a stabilizer spring 13 for absorbing the shock and returning the barrel and receiver, a hammer 14, a conventional sear 15, a pivotally mounted dog 16, an auxiliary sear 17 3 to the forward end of which the dog 16 is pivotally attached, a triggger 18 and a selector 19.

The parts are assembled and mounted in the fiearm with the hammer pivotally mounted by a pin 20 in the receiver and actuated in the firing action by a spring 21, the sear 15 pivotally mounted with a pin 22 and also carried in the receiver, a trigger pivotally mounted with a pin 23 and with the selector 19 positioned to actuate a latch 24 that is positioned to extend into a notch 25 in a rod 26 extended from the receiver for retaining the parts in the semi-automatic position and with the selector adapted to actuate the latch to release the rod 26 and receiver when the firearm is converted to a position for full-automatic operation.

The inner end of the barrel is secured in the end of the receiver block 12, as illustrated in FIGURES 3 and 4, and the extended end of the barrel, which is mounted in an L-shaped bearing 27 that is secured in the stock with a screw 28, is covered with a shield 29 that is secured to the barrel with a screw 30 in a collar 31. The barrel is also slidably mounted in a collar 32 that extends around an extension 33 of the stock and that is secured in position with a clamp 34 to which the extended end of a strap 35 may be attached with an eye or loop 36.

As illustrated in FIGURE 2, the receiver 12 is positioned to receive cartridges from a magazine, as indicated by broken lines 37 and the magazine is adapted to be secured in position in hammer housing group 38 that is pivotally secured on a pin 39 and that is retained in position with a magazine catch 40.

The receiver 12 block is provided with a conventional peep sight 41 mounted on a bracket 42 and provided with a center groove 43 and side grooves 44 and 45. The peep sight is provided with an adjusting screw 46.

A shoulder piece 47 for the stock is secured to extensions 48 and 49 with screws 50 and 51, respectively, and the trigger 18 is provided with a guard 52.

The hammer 14, which is of conventional design and which is pivotally mounted with the pin 20, is provided with a notch 53 in which the forward end of the conventional sear is adapted to be positioned to hold the hammer in the cocked position. The spring 21 which actuates the hammer is positioned around a rod 54 the forward end of which is positioned in a slot 55 in the hammer 14. The opposite end of the rod 54 extends into an opening in a socket 56 at the end of the receiver 12.

A recoil actuated bolt 57, which is provided with a conventional firing pin, extractor and ejector, is provided with a key 58 that slides into a notch 59 in the slide and with the parts in the firing position as shown in the FIG- URES 1 and 2 and the bolt is also provided with an operable connection between a conventional slide that is provided with a finger 60 with which the bolt is withdrawn for manual operation, such as in loading the rifle. The slide is connected to a spring not shown that returns the breech bolt 57 to the position shown in FIGURE 1 after the firing of the firearm. This action results from the fact that the slide is connected to the fore part of the breech bolt 57 so that just prior to reaching its full return movement a pivoted portion on the fore part of the breech bolt 57 is given a slight rotative movement to lock the breech bolt 57 to the barrel at the breech or rear end of the barrel bore of the barrel. As in all United States M-l carbines the bolt 57 is moved rearwardly to ejecting position under the gas recoil mechanism that is conventional in all of this type of carbine and since these parts are disclosed in the United States M-l carbine and it is not believed that a specific showing of these parts are necessary to clearly disclose applicants invention.

The sliding receiver 12 is mounted in a liner or casing, L-shaped in plan, having a side wall 61 and an end wall 62 from which the extensions 48 and 49 project, and, with the parts in position for full-automatic firing, the recoil action moves the barrel and receiver 12 to the position illustrated with the broken lines 63 in FIGURE 8 whereby the receiver is substantially in engagement with the wall 62 at which time the receiver 12 is in empty case ejection position and upon ejection of the empty case and the insertion of a new cartridge from the magazine within the receiver the firearm is arranged for the recoil action and in the recoil action the stabilizer spring 13 returns the barrel and receiver to the firing position. At this time the spring connected to the slide will also return the breech bolt 57 to firing position as in FIGURE 1.

In semi-automatic operation, the receiver is returned to the position shown in FIGURE 4 and since the rod 26 is fixed to and slides with the barrel and receiver 12 the latch 24 will snap into the notch 25 limiting forward movement of the barrel and receiver and the trigger 18 is released for another firing operation in which the pivoted dog 16 resumes its perpendicular firing position as shown in FIGURE 2.

The trigger 18, which is pivotally mounted on the pin 23, is provided with an arm 64 that is positioned to engage a projection 65 on the auxiliary sear 17 whereby an opposite end of the auxiliary sear is moved upwardly to engage an actuator 66, similar to the base of a conventional trigger and the sear 15 is moved to release the hammer. A spring 67 is positioned between the actuator 66 and the sear 15 and the extended end of the actuator is provided with a notch 68 into which the end of a spring 69 extends for urging the actuator downwardly to contact the upper end of the pivot dog 16. The dog is pivotally mounted with a pin 70 in the lower portion of the trigger assembly casing 71, and with the firearm in fullautomatic position, the dog is retained in a vertically disposed position with a tooth 72 on the end of the selector 19. The selector is pivotally mounted on a pin 73 and the selector is adapted to be moved laterally with a pin 74 slidably mounted in an opening 75 in the stock and provided with a notch 76 into which the lower edge of the selector extends, as illustrated in FIGURE 12.

In the full-automatic position, the tooth 72 of the selector is adapted to retain the pivoted dog 16 in an upright or perpendicular position, as illustrated in FIGURE 3, and with the recoil action resulting from firing the dog is moved rearwardly by the actuator 66, to the position shown in FIGURE 7. In this movement the latch 24 drops below the notch 25 in the rod 26 and with the trigger held the receiver and barrel are adapted to be moved forwardly and fired with the forward action of the firearm assembly caused by the stabilizer spring 13.

The latch 24, which is pivotally mounted by hubs 77 and 78 on a pin 79, is resiliently held by a spring 80, one end of which extends through an opening 81 in the latch and the other below a pin 82 on a wall 83 of the trigger assembly casing. The dog 16 is pivotlly mounted on the auxiliary sear and is resiliently held by a spring 84, one end 85 of which extends over the auxiliary sear and the opposite end 86 of which extends below a pin 87 also positioned on the wall 83 of the casing.

The sear 15 is provided with a slotted opening 88 through which the pin 22 extends whereby the sear is adapted to slide longitudinally when actuated with the device 66, a projection 89 of which is positioned to engage the end of the sear.

The button or pin 74 is provided with a recess having notches 90 and 91 in the lower surface, the notches being positioned to be engaged by a pin 92 which is actuated by a spring 93 to frictionally retain the pin 74 in selective positions such as with the parts arranged for semiautomatic or full-automatic firing. The upper end of the pin 92 is positioned in a sleeve 94 and the parts are retained in the sleeve with a plug 95. The pin 92 is provided with a head 96 that is adapted .to engage a shoulder 97 in the sleeve to limit upward movement of the pin.

The dog 16 is provided with a notch 98 that is positioned to receive the end of a spring 99, as shown in FIG- URE 14, for retaining the dog in a position perpendicular to the axis of the barrel to hold the parts in position for semi-automatic operation of the firearm, as shown in FIGURE 3.

The sleeve 94 forms a forward end of the trigger guard 52 and from the sleeve the trigger assembly casing extends forwardly with an arcuate plate 100, the leading edge of the plate 100 being secured by a clip 101 extended downwardly from the stock.

The liner or

plates

61 and 62 are secured in a cavity or slot 102 in the stock with screws 103 and 104 which extend through the side wall of the stock and are threaded into the plate 61.

The stabilizing spring 13 is positioned over a telescoping rod 105 which is secured, at the large end, by a projection 106 in the plate 62 and, as illustrated in FIG- URE 9, the projection 106 extends from a collar 107. The extended end of the spring 13 is secured to a pin 108 that is pivotally mounted in a projection 109 at the forward end of the receiver 12, the pin extending through portions 110 and 111 of the receiver and, also as shown in FIGURE 9, the receiver is provided with a sliding block 112, the ends of which are positioned in slots 113.

For semi-automatic operation of the firearm, the button or pin 74 is pressed outwardly moving the selector 19 from the position shown in FIGURE '5 to a' position against the side wall of the casing whereby the dog 16 is released from tooth 72 and with the parts positioned for semi-automatic operation of the firearm, the recoil action drives the barrel and receiver 12 rearwardly'with the latch 24 snapping into the notch 25 of the rod 26 to retain the parts in the position shown in FIGURE 4 and in the forward movement after the recoil the pivoted dog 16 is moved to the forwardly inclined position to avoid raising of the actuator 66 whereby the sear 1-5 locks the hammer 14 in the cocked position whereby it is necessary to actuate the trigger 18 to allow the pivoted dog 16 to be moved to the perpendicular firing position, as in FIG- URE 2, ready for the next semi-automatic fire.

With the parts positioned for full-automatic operation of the firearm, the button or pin 74 is pressed inwardly moving the selector 19 to the position shown in FIGURE 10, whereby the dog 16 is held by the tooth 72, and in the recoil action the spring 80 elevates the rear portion of the auxiliary sear 17 actuating the selector 19 whereby the latch 24 is moved downwardly to release the rod 26, receiver and barrel so that with the trigger 18 held rear- Wardly the parts are free to be returned by the stabilizing spring 13 to the forward or firing position. In this action the hammer is automatically released, the conventional sear 15 being retained in spaced relation to the hammer by the dog 16 and actuator 66. By this means continuous operation of the firearm is obtained and the receiver and barrel slide rearwardly extracting and ejecting a shell and receiving a cartridge from the magazine with each recoil action.

It will be understood that modifications, within the scope of the appended claims, may be made in the design and arrangement of the parts without departing from the spirit of the invention.

What is claimed is:

l. A firearm comprising a stock, a barrel mounted for sliding movement in said stock, a receiver fixed to said barrel and slidable therewith, a hammer pivotally mounted in the stock and positioned to coact with the barrel for firing a cartridge therein, a trigger operatively connected to the hammer, a liner mounted in said stock, said receiver being mounted in said liner for mounting the barrel and receiver in the stock whereby the barrel and receiver are free to slide rearwardly in the stock with the recoil action resulting from firing a cartridge in the barrel, and resilient means mounted in said liner and engaging the rear of said receiver for returning the barrel and receiver to the firing position. 1

2. A firearm comprising a stock, said stock having an elongated slot in the inter-mediate part, a barrel mounted to slide longitudinally in the stock, a liner mounted in saidstock, a receiver slidably mounted in said liner and to which the barrel is connected, said liner slidably mounting the receiver in the slot of the stock, said liner being 'L-shaped in formation and having a side wall and an end wall, a hammer mounted in the receiver, and a trigger mounted in the stock and positioned to actuate the hammer assembly to fire -a cartridge in the barrel, and resilient means mounted between the end wall of the liner and the receiver for returning the barrel to the firing position.

3. A firearm comprising a stock having an elongated slot in the intermediate part, an L-shaped liner having a side wall and an end wall mounted in the slot, a receiver slidably mounted in the linerthat is mounted in the slot of the stock, a barrel carried by the receiver and extended from the end of the stock, said barrel also being mounted to slide longitudinally of the stock, a stabilizing spring positioned in the stock intermediate of the re- .ceiver and, end wall of the liner ,for receiving the recoil action of the firearm and for returning the receiver and barrel to the firing position, ,a hammer pivotally mounted in the receiver and positioned to fire a cartridge in the barrel by means of a bolt in the receiver, a spring in the receiver for actuating the hammer, a conventional sear mounted in the receiver and positioned to retain the hammer in a cocked position, an actuator pivotally mount- .ed 1111116 receiver and positioned to actuate the seat to release the hammer, a dog pivotally mounted in the stock and adapted to retain the actuator in a position whereby the sear is spaced from the hammer for full-automatic operation of the firearm, an auxiliary sear adapted to actuate the dog, and a trigger adapted to engage the auxiliary sear for operating the dog, actuator and conventional sear to release the hammer :Eor semi-automatic operation of the firearm.

4. A firearm comprising a stock having an elongated slot in the intermediate part, an L-shaped liner having a side wall and an end wall mounted in the slot, a receiver slidably mounted in the liner that is mounted in the slot of the stock, a barrel carried by the receiver and extended from the end of the stock, said barrel also being mounted to slide longitudinally of the stock, a stabilizing spring positioned in the stock intermediate of the receiver and end wall of the liner for receiving the recoil action of the firearm and for returning the receiver and barrel to the firing position, a hammer pivotally mounted in the receiver and positioned to fire a cartridge in the barrel by means of a bolt in the receiver, a spring in the receiver for actuating the hammer, a conventional sear mounted in the receiver and positioned to retain the hammer in a cocked position, an actuator pivotally mounted in the receiver and positioned to actuate the sear to release the hammer, a dog pivotally mounted in the stock and adapted to retain the actuator in a position whereby the sear is spaced from the hammer -for fullautomatic operation of the firearm, an auxiliary sear adapted to actuate the dog, a selector pivotally mounted in the stock and adapted to retain the receiver in an intermediate position for semi-automatic operation of the firearm, and a trigger adapted to engage the auxiliary sear for operating the dog, actuator and conventional sear to release the hammer for semi-automatic operation of the firearm.

5. A firearm comprising a stock having an elongated slot in the intermediate part, an L-shaped liner having a side wall and an end wall mounted in the slot, a receiver slidably mounted in the liner that is mounted in the slot of the stock, a barrel carried by the receiver and extended from the end of the stock, said barrel also being mounted to slide longitudinally of the stock, a stabilizing spring positioned in the stock intermediate of the receiver and end wall of the liner for receiving the recoil action of the firearm and for returning the receiver and barrel to the firing position, a hammer pivotally mounted 7 in the receiver and positioned to fire a cartridge in the barrel by means of a bolt in the receiver, a spring in the receiver for actuating the hammer, a conventional sear mounted in the receiver and positioned to retain the hammer in a cocked position, an actuator pivotally mounted in the receiver and positioned to actuate the sear to release the hammer, a dog pivotally mounted in the stock and adapted to retain the actuator in a position whereby the sear is spaced from the hammer for full-automatic operation of the firearm, an auxiliary sear adapted to actuate the dog, a selector pivotally mounted in the stock and adapted to retain the receiver in an intermediate position for semiautomatic operation of the firearm, a trigger adapted to engage the auxiliary sear for operating the dog, actuator andconventional sear to release the hammer for semi-automatic operation of the firearm, and a transversely disposed pin slidably mounted in the stock for actuating the auxiliary sear to release the pivotally mounted dog for full-automatic operation of the firearm.

6. A firearm comprising a stock having an elongated slot in the intermediate part, an L-shaped liner having a side wall and an end wall mounted in the slot, a receiver slidably mounted in the liner that is mounted in the slot of the stock, a barrel carried by the receiver and extended from the end of the stock, said barrel also being mounted to slide longitudinally of the stock, a stabilizing spring positioned in the stock intermediate of the receiver and end wall of the liner for receiving the recoil action of the firearm and for returning the receiver and barrel to the firing position, a hammer pivotally mounted in the receiver and positioned to the a cartridge in the barrel by means of a bolt in the receiver, a spring'in the receiver for actuating the hammer, a conventional sear mounted in the receiver and positioned to retain the hammer in a cocked position, an actuator pivotally mounted in the receiver and positioned to actuate the sear to release the hammer, a dog pivotally mounted in the stock and adapted to retain the actuator in a position whereby the sear is spaced from the hammer for full-automatic operation of the firearm, an auxiliary sear upon which the dog is pivotally mounted, a selector mounted in the stock and adapted to retain the receiver in an intermediate position for semi-automatic operation of the firearm, a trigger adapted to engage the auxiliary sear for operating the dog, actuator and conventional sear to release the hammer for semiautomatic operation of the firearm, a transversely disposed pin slidably mounted in the stock for actuating the selector to release the pivotally mounted dog for full-automatic operation of the firearm, and a spring actuated pin for retaining the former pin in selected positions.

Chevallier et a1. June 6, 1950 Lochhead Jan. 30, 1951