US2997406A - Method and apparatus for cast-coating paper - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for cast-coating paper Download PDF

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Publication number
US2997406A
US2997406A US663234A US66323457A US2997406A US 2997406 A US2997406 A US 2997406A US 663234 A US663234 A US 663234A US 66323457 A US66323457 A US 66323457A US 2997406 A US2997406 A US 2997406A
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United States
Prior art keywords
paper
drum
pressure
layer
rubber
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Expired - Lifetime
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US663234A
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English (en)
Inventor
Eben W Freeman
Lindsay O Goff
Robert C Rose
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Warren SD Co
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Warren SD Co
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority to NL228351D priority Critical patent/NL228351A/xx
Priority to NL109349D priority patent/NL109349C/xx
Application filed by Warren SD Co filed Critical Warren SD Co
Priority to US663234A priority patent/US2997406A/en
Priority to DEW23423A priority patent/DE1101940B/de
Priority to FR1208268D priority patent/FR1208268A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2997406A publication Critical patent/US2997406A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H25/00—After-treatment of paper not provided for in groups D21H17/00 - D21H23/00
    • D21H25/08—Rearranging applied substances, e.g. metering, smoothing; Removing excess material
    • D21H25/12—Rearranging applied substances, e.g. metering, smoothing; Removing excess material with an essentially cylindrical body, e.g. roll or rod
    • D21H25/14—Rearranging applied substances, e.g. metering, smoothing; Removing excess material with an essentially cylindrical body, e.g. roll or rod the body being a casting drum, a heated roll or a calender
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
    • D06C15/00—Calendering, pressing, ironing, glossing or glazing textile fabrics
    • D06C15/02—Calendering, pressing, ironing, glossing or glazing textile fabrics between co-operating press or calender rolls
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21G—CALENDERS; ACCESSORIES FOR PAPER-MAKING MACHINES
    • D21G9/00—Other accessories for paper-making machines
    • D21G9/009—Apparatus for glaze-coating paper webs

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a method of and apparatus for treating paper to avoid stretching the paper web when it is passed between a rigid roll or drum and a yielding roll such as a rubber or rubber covered roll.
  • a paper web is passed between a rigid roll and a yielding roll under sufficient pressure between the rolls to cause substantial deformation of the yielding roll there is a tendency to stretch the web.
  • This is objectionable not only in that it tends to weaken the web and change its dimensions but the web may even be torn or creped and especially in the case of coated paper strains may be developed which cause the paper to warp or curl objectionably.
  • the harmful efl ects produced depend upon several factors such as whether the paper web is wet or dry, its strength and thickness, the amount of deformation at the roll nip etc.
  • the invention is particularly applicable in the finishing of cast-coated paper and will be fully described in connection therewith.
  • drum-finished coated paper such as the paper commonly designated as cast-surface mineralcoated paper
  • a moving, heated, highly polished metal surface such as the surface of a chromium plated drum or roll, a layer of wet mineral-coating composition supported by a Web of paper, the pressure being applied by means of a flexible rubbercovered roll acting on the reverse or uncoated side of the paper web.
  • rubber as used in rubbercovered roll is intended to include both natural and synthetic rubber and similar el-astomers, usually reinforced with carbon black or other powder filler.
  • the rubbercovered roll and the polished metal roll have their axes parallel and horizontal so that when the rolls are brought together they make contact in a rectangular area the long axis of which is a straight horizontal line.
  • the metal roll slightly sinks into the surface of the rubber-covered roll to form therein an indentation or concave depression so that the contact between the two rolls is not a mere line of insignificant width but is a bite or nip of considerable width, say from /s inch to 2 inches or more depending upon the magnitude of the pressure, the diameter of the rolls, and the hardness of the rubber-covered roll.
  • Curl in paper usually is due to strains or distortions introduced during the manufacture or processing of the paper Web. Whereas practice in the past has been to relieve those strains insofar as possible or to compensate for them, the present invention is concerned with seeking out the cause of the strains and preventing their formation in the first place.
  • Another method of decreasing the depth of indentation of the rubber layer is to increase the diameter of the roll. Then for a given pressure the width of nip is increased and the change in cross sectional area is decreased. Increasing the thickness of the layer of rubber on the pressure-roll is helpful, since the percentage change in cross sectional area caused by any particular indentation is of course related to the thickness of the rubber layer. Thus a thick rubber layer, say of 5 inches, is affected much less and causes less stretch and resultant curl in paper treated thereby than is the case with a thin rubber layer, say one of only one inch in thickness.
  • apaper web bearing on one side a layer of .wet aqueous coating composition may be pressed with its wet coated face into contact with a metal roll through ,a. nip of appreciablewidthby means of a yielding-surface roll which transmits pressure to the back of said paper web throughasurface which is .relativelyor substantially, non-stretching and that thereby substantially no stretch and little tendency to curl will be induced in the paper web.
  • a satisfactory means for exerting pressure on the web to accomplish the desired results is a specially designed roll having a rigid core, as of metal, over the core a layer of substantial thickness, preferably at least about f/z an inch, of soft, stretchable rubber or equivalent, and on the outside a thin, substantially non-stretching layer such as a layer of fabric or cord which is impregnated with or embedded in rubber which is harder and less stretchable than the rubber of. the inner layer.
  • a substantially non-stretching endless belt may be inserted between the paper-web and an ordinary soft rubber-covered pressure-roll as the paper passes through a pressure-nip.
  • Thisprocedure gives equally good results in regard to freedom from stretch and curl in the treated paperweb.
  • Such an endless belt is somewhat more difiicult to prepare and keep in condition than is the previously described yielding roll with a nonstretching surface.
  • the endless belt can be replaced by a non-stretching web of finite length.
  • a substantially non-stretching but yielding backing surface is advantageous for use in any coating process where paper is passed through a pressure-nip. Its advantages are especially apparent in thefield of drum-finished or cast-coated paper because in that field it is customary to use backing rolls which are softer, and with resultant nip widths which are greater, than those generally used in other coating processes.
  • Paper is made by filtration of a very dilute suspension in water of cellulose fibers, in particular cellulose fibers derived from woodepulp, upon a moving foraminous surface or screen.
  • the water escapes through the screen, leaving a layer of felted fibers on the surface of the screen.
  • the individual fibers are frornl to 5 millimeters in length, depending upon the particular tree from which they are obtained'
  • the fibers as they settleout on the moving :sere entend to become oriented with their long dimension parallel to the direction of travel of the screen.
  • the paper web so formcdtherefore has many more ifibe'rs jlying substantially parallel to, its length than lie substantially atiright anglestoiitslength. Paper is said to have a grain in the direction of travel of the screen upon which i-twas formedf'and its cross-grain direction is across or perpendicular to the direction of travel of. the :screen.
  • Paper is very sensitive to the moisture in the surrounding. atmosphere, readily. absorbing moisture as the relative humidity rises iand'likewise giving up moisture as .the relativehumidity falls. Paper changes in dimensions as its moisturec'onte'nt varies. As water is absorbed, paper expands; as water evaporates, paper contracts. Because of the'jorientation of :fibers in paper, the change in dimension greater in the cross-grain direction than it is in the screen direction or direction of the grain. The cross-grain change in dimension due to humidity change lmaybe 2 01",3 times as great as in the machine-direction. When. layer.
  • coated paper is processed so that it will lie flat in an atmosphere having a relative humidity of between 50% and 60%.
  • Such one-side coated paper is generally expected to show no appreciable tendency to curl at relative humidities be tween about 30% and about 80%.
  • At greater extremes of relative humidity such paper may be expected to show some tendency to curl, but the curl, because of the grain of the paper, should be parallel to the grain of the paper. That is, since the dimension change is greater across the width of the web, the edges tend to curl toward the middle of the web to form a cylinder having its axis parallel to the direction of screen travel.
  • a coatedone-side paper which has not been stretched may lie reasonably fl-at at all relative humidities between 30% and 70% but if stretched moderately during its processing it may lie fiat only between relative humidites of 40% and 60%. If the paper is elongated still more, the tendency to curl becomes more pronounced and surprisingly it may be found that the paper tends to curl toward the uncoated side at both high and low relative humidities. Moreover, if elongation is pronounced the paper may tend to develop also a cross-grain curl, with its axis at right angles to the grain. In such a case the paper becomes almost unmanageable when it has been cut into sheets.
  • a paper web of the type customarily used as bodystock for coated paper being made from a moderately beaten cellulosic fibrous furnish containing a moderate amount of sizing agent, said web weighing about 40 pounds per 500 sheet ream 25 x 38 inches in size, was cast-coated on one side with about 18 pounds dry weight, per ream of a typical clay and adhesive coating.
  • Conditions at the pressure-nip on the casting drum were varied to produce various degrees of elongation in the paper web, the stretch varying from substantially zero percent to over 4 percent. In the region from substantially zero percent to 0.25% stretch the sheets showed very little tendency to curl over a wide range of relative humidity, and there was no perceptible difierence among the samples.
  • the present invention controls the stretch or distortion in a paper web which is normally imparted to said paper web by passage through a pressure nip having a surface of stretchable elastic substance, and thereby is effective in controlling curl in the paper web.
  • it might be preferable to avoid all stretch in the paper actually controlling the stretch in the region of 0.25 is entirely satisfactory.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic side elevation of the. casting drum and pressure roller for the production of cast coated P p
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross section of the pressure roller of FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic side elevation of the casting drum and pressure roller with an endless belt surrounding the pressure roller
  • FIG. 4 is-an enlarged cross section of the pressure roller of FIG. 3, and
  • FIG. '5 is a cross section of the belt of FIG. 3.
  • 1 is the paper web coming from a source such as a coating machine (not shown).
  • the ,web passes on to the pressure roller 2, then downwardly through the nip between the pressure roller 2 and the casting roller or drum 3 and around the casting drum 3 to the take-01f roller 4.
  • This is the conventional arrangement of the rollers in cast coating paper and the rollers are conventional excepting with respect to the structure of the pressure roller 2.
  • This roller has a flexible core or support for the outer surface layer.
  • the specific embodiment illustrated consists of a rigid core 5 of metal, e.g.
  • the inner layer 6 of hard rubber serves only to ensure a good bonding between the surface of the metal core 5 and the soft rubber layer 7.
  • the outer layer 8 is designed to be flexible but relatively non-stretchable and is made of rubber having a P and J plastometer value of about 35 with fabric or cords embedded therein, say linen cords of 0.023 inch diameter laid side by side at a spacing of 12 per inch and extending around the roller in planes which are substantially perpendicular to the axis of the roller.
  • the outer layer 8 is similar in structure to the well known cord or fabric reinforced rubber belts.
  • the P and J plastometer values referred to above are the distances measured in 10 micron units which a /8 steel ball will sink into the surface of a body of the rubber under a load of 1 kilogram.
  • the roller described above is about 15 inches in diameter.
  • the pressure roller may be of any suitable size within reasonable limits, say 48 inches diameter and may have any desired construction so long as it meets the basic requirements that it shall have a substantially non-stretchable flexible surface layer supported by an elastic layer.
  • the outer layer 8 should be sutficiently thin to be quite flexible and sufiiciently thick to be substantially non-stretchable and to permit a reasonable amount. of wear before the surface layer of rubber wears off and exposes the embedded cord or fabric.
  • the layer 7 may vary in thickness depending upon the size of the roller, its elasticity, the pressure to be applied to the rollers and the desired width of the nip between the rollers.
  • the pressure roller may be designed and constructed in accordance with the teachings of the prior art, the only novelty of our pressure. roller being, as stated above, that it has a flexible, non-stretchable smooth surface or surface layer.
  • the layer 6 serves merely to provide a bond between the solid metal core of the roller and the elastic layer 7 and may be omitted or substituted by other means of securing the elastic layer 7 to the metal core.
  • the casting drum or roller 3 is the usual well known construction e.g. a metal drum having a polished chromium surface.
  • the roller 4 is the conventional take-off roller.
  • the paper web 1 and the coating thereon may be the conventional paper and coatings used in making cast coated paper. In fact the whole apparatus illustrated in FIG. 1 and the process carried out therein are well known with the single exception that the pressure roller has a flexible non-stretchable surface layer surrounding and covering the usual elastic layer.
  • the parts illustrated are conventional with the exception that the flexible, nonstretchable belt is interposed between the casting drum 3 and the pressure roller 2a.
  • the pressure roller 2a also is conventional, consisting of a metal core 5, a bonding layer 6 of hard rubber and an elastic layer 7 of soft rubber.
  • the take-off roller 4 is the same as in FIG. 1.
  • the two rollers 12 and 13 serve to support the endless belt 10 which may be of the usual construction of rubber coated fabric or cord reinforced belts.
  • Such belts generally are designed to have a smooth surface and to be substantially non-stretchable.
  • the belt consists of longitudinally extending parallel cords laid side by side, such as linen cords 14 of 0.023 inch diameter, spaced 12 to the inch, embedded in a wear resistant, flexible rubber matrix 15.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 a The structure of the layer 8 in FIGS. 1 and 2 is similar to the structure of the belt 10 as shown in FIG. 5.
  • the belt '10 may be replaced by a strip of finite length which may be equal to the length of the paper web to be treated or may be shorter and may be run through the nip repeatedly. Illustration of this obvi ous modification has been omitted as being unnecessary.
  • the paper web may be coated and delivered directly, while the coating is still wet and plastic, to the nip between the casting druinor the pressure roller.
  • the coating may be applied and dried and supercalendered if desired and then remoistened to a plastic state and then delivered into the nip between the casting drum and the pressure roller.
  • Any paper web suitable for cast coating may be used. As has been pointed out above our invention is especially useful in the manufacture of cast coated paper which has a tendency to curl objectionably i.e. lightweight paper but is not limited to such paper. Conventional paper coating compositions, suitable for east coating and conventional weights thereof may be used.
  • Cast coating is sometimes understood to mean a coating process in which the coating on the paper web spontaneously adheres to the surface of the casting drum until it becomes non-adhesive thereto due to solidification as a result of drying out or cooling and then spontaneously releases from said surface.
  • Our invention is applicable in any process in which a plastic coating on a paper web is pressed against a finishing surface and hardened in contact with said surface and then separated from said surface.
  • Our invention not only serves to avoid or reduce the stretch imparted to the paper web in the conventional cast coating process and thus to reduce the tendency of the paper to curl but also by avoiding stretching the paper web" avoids weakening the web and further by avoiding relative movement between the casting surface and the surface of the coating gives a more nearly perfeet cast surface. wrinkling and creping of the paper web are avoided.
  • Apparatus for simultaneously drying and drum finishing coated paper comprising: means for coating paper with an aqueous coating which is relatively plastic when a predetermined quantity of moisture is present in said coating; a finishing drum; means for heating said drum; means for applying said paper to said drum with said coated side in contact with the surface of said drum and while said predetermined quantity of moisture is present in said coating; and means for pressingsaid paper against said drum and at least in part drying the same in contact therewith by holding the same against said drum for a substantial interval of time without simultaneously stretching the same substantially comprising a backing roll mounted for rotation in unison with and in pressure contact against said drum, an elastic resilient layer on said backing roll, andthe surface of said resilient layer being substantially non-stretchable While permitting said layer to yield under said pressure.
  • a process for simultaneously drying and drum finishing paper comprising the steps of: applying an aqueous coating containing a water plasticizable adhesive to a paper base; applying said paper to a heated, convex, cylindrical finishing surface with the coated side toward the finishing surface and with sufiicient water in said coating to render said adhesive substantially plastic; pressing said coated paper against said finishing surface for a substantial length of time and across a substantial area by running it through a hip created by an elastic resilient backing roll pressing against said finishing drum; and simultaneously with said pressing step preventing said paper from stretching by applying a pressure to hold the paper against the cylindrical surface over a substantial area and advancing the back surface of the paper with the applied pressure at a uniform speed and tension through said area.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
US663234A 1957-06-03 1957-06-03 Method and apparatus for cast-coating paper Expired - Lifetime US2997406A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL228351D NL228351A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1957-06-03
NL109349D NL109349C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1957-06-03
US663234A US2997406A (en) 1957-06-03 1957-06-03 Method and apparatus for cast-coating paper
DEW23423A DE1101940B (de) 1957-06-03 1958-06-02 Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von geglaettetem Streichpapier
FR1208268D FR1208268A (fr) 1957-06-03 1958-06-02 Fabrication de papier muni de revêtement et papier en résultant

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US663234A US2997406A (en) 1957-06-03 1957-06-03 Method and apparatus for cast-coating paper

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US2997406A true US2997406A (en) 1961-08-22

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US663234A Expired - Lifetime US2997406A (en) 1957-06-03 1957-06-03 Method and apparatus for cast-coating paper

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US (1) US2997406A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1101940B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR1208268A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (2) NL228351A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (27)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3088842A (en) * 1959-05-11 1963-05-07 Kimberly Clark Co Improved techniques for the high speed blade coating of paper
US3162568A (en) * 1961-03-23 1964-12-22 James E Post Press units for moisture removal
US3250211A (en) * 1963-12-17 1966-05-10 Artama Arvi Apparatus for making laminated glass panes
US3592134A (en) * 1968-04-30 1971-07-13 Farrington Business Mach Imprinter utilizing compensating roller platen
US3593398A (en) * 1969-09-11 1971-07-20 Sw Ind Inc Relatively long machinery roll having high strength-to-weight ratio
US3691949A (en) * 1969-10-27 1972-09-19 De La Rue Giori Sa Pressure cylinder for direct plate printing machines
US3698053A (en) * 1971-05-06 1972-10-17 Sw Ind Inc High speed roll for machinery
US3710470A (en) * 1970-09-03 1973-01-16 Kimberly Clark Co Jacketed press roll
US3711912A (en) * 1970-02-05 1973-01-23 F Teske Support roller for conveyor belts and the like
US3910230A (en) * 1974-03-08 1975-10-07 Harry L Mercer Apparatus for applying liquid to textile fabrics and the like
US3948214A (en) * 1975-02-04 1976-04-06 Xerox Corporation Instant start fusing apparatus
US4178200A (en) * 1977-03-09 1979-12-11 Mannesmann Aktiengesellschaft Pressure roll for jacketing steel pipes with thermoplastic strip
US4312444A (en) * 1979-10-12 1982-01-26 Mushovic John N Conveyor roller
US4327634A (en) * 1979-02-21 1982-05-04 Saint-Gobain Vitrage Apparatus for assembling sheets of glass and/or plastic materials
US4559106A (en) * 1983-05-12 1985-12-17 Valmet Oy Press roll and press in a paper making machine
US5160410A (en) * 1990-03-14 1992-11-03 Hollming Oy Press cynlinder shell structure for paper machine press section
US5251551A (en) * 1988-09-29 1993-10-12 Jujo Paper Co., Ltd. Calendering apparatus for paper making process
US5836242A (en) * 1994-06-15 1998-11-17 Albany Nordiskafilt Ab Calendering system including a belt having an adaptable web-contacting surface
US6375602B1 (en) 1998-07-23 2002-04-23 Sw Paper Inc. Supercalendar roll with composite cover
US6428455B1 (en) * 1999-04-29 2002-08-06 Voith Sulzer Papiertechnik Patent Gmbh Resilient roll
US20030173043A1 (en) * 2000-07-10 2003-09-18 Pekka Koivukunnas Method for calendering tissue paper
EP1739231A1 (en) * 2005-07-02 2007-01-03 M-real Oyj Cast coating device
US20070111871A1 (en) * 2005-11-08 2007-05-17 Butterfield William S Abrasion-resistant rubber roll cover with polyurethane coating
US20080230001A1 (en) * 2006-02-23 2008-09-25 Meadwestvaco Corporation Method for treating a substrate
US20090301631A1 (en) * 2006-05-23 2009-12-10 M-Real Oyj Coated papers having improved labelling properties
US20100068427A1 (en) * 2006-08-22 2010-03-18 M-Real Oyj Cast-coating-like inkjet printing material
US20110053768A1 (en) * 2009-08-26 2011-03-03 M-Real Oyj Recording material for laser marking

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1259692B (de) * 1960-04-04 1968-01-25 Warren S D Co Verfahren zum Glaetten von Papierbahnen
CH536899A (de) * 1970-02-17 1973-05-15 Feldmuehle Anlagen Prod Vorrichtung zum Streichen von bahnförmigem Gut
GB1486142A (en) * 1975-03-10 1977-09-21 Wiggins Teape Ltd Coating apparatus
FI74065C (fi) * 1985-10-04 1987-12-10 Waertsilae Oy Ab Kalander, t.ex. superkalander.
CA2171361C (en) * 1995-03-29 1999-03-30 Christian Wimmar Schmitz Calender roller

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US2312853A (en) * 1940-02-26 1943-03-02 Toland William Craig Applicator roll
US2316202A (en) * 1940-07-31 1943-04-13 Champion Paper & Fibre Co Method for coating paper
US2324631A (en) * 1941-05-13 1943-07-20 Cranston Print Works Co Printing machine pressure cylinder
US2442443A (en) * 1944-12-09 1948-06-01 Bakelite Corp Apparatus for pressing plastic sheeting
US2597858A (en) * 1947-01-02 1952-05-27 Dayton Rubber Company Covering for textile machinery rollers
CA527207A (en) * 1956-07-03 Dominion Rubber Company Method of glossing paper

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CA527207A (en) * 1956-07-03 Dominion Rubber Company Method of glossing paper
US2312853A (en) * 1940-02-26 1943-03-02 Toland William Craig Applicator roll
US2316202A (en) * 1940-07-31 1943-04-13 Champion Paper & Fibre Co Method for coating paper
US2324631A (en) * 1941-05-13 1943-07-20 Cranston Print Works Co Printing machine pressure cylinder
US2442443A (en) * 1944-12-09 1948-06-01 Bakelite Corp Apparatus for pressing plastic sheeting
US2597858A (en) * 1947-01-02 1952-05-27 Dayton Rubber Company Covering for textile machinery rollers

Cited By (35)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3088842A (en) * 1959-05-11 1963-05-07 Kimberly Clark Co Improved techniques for the high speed blade coating of paper
US3162568A (en) * 1961-03-23 1964-12-22 James E Post Press units for moisture removal
US3250211A (en) * 1963-12-17 1966-05-10 Artama Arvi Apparatus for making laminated glass panes
US3592134A (en) * 1968-04-30 1971-07-13 Farrington Business Mach Imprinter utilizing compensating roller platen
US3593398A (en) * 1969-09-11 1971-07-20 Sw Ind Inc Relatively long machinery roll having high strength-to-weight ratio
US3691949A (en) * 1969-10-27 1972-09-19 De La Rue Giori Sa Pressure cylinder for direct plate printing machines
US3711912A (en) * 1970-02-05 1973-01-23 F Teske Support roller for conveyor belts and the like
US3710470A (en) * 1970-09-03 1973-01-16 Kimberly Clark Co Jacketed press roll
US3698053A (en) * 1971-05-06 1972-10-17 Sw Ind Inc High speed roll for machinery
US3910230A (en) * 1974-03-08 1975-10-07 Harry L Mercer Apparatus for applying liquid to textile fabrics and the like
US3948214A (en) * 1975-02-04 1976-04-06 Xerox Corporation Instant start fusing apparatus
US4178200A (en) * 1977-03-09 1979-12-11 Mannesmann Aktiengesellschaft Pressure roll for jacketing steel pipes with thermoplastic strip
US4327634A (en) * 1979-02-21 1982-05-04 Saint-Gobain Vitrage Apparatus for assembling sheets of glass and/or plastic materials
US4312444A (en) * 1979-10-12 1982-01-26 Mushovic John N Conveyor roller
US4559106A (en) * 1983-05-12 1985-12-17 Valmet Oy Press roll and press in a paper making machine
US5251551A (en) * 1988-09-29 1993-10-12 Jujo Paper Co., Ltd. Calendering apparatus for paper making process
US5160410A (en) * 1990-03-14 1992-11-03 Hollming Oy Press cynlinder shell structure for paper machine press section
US5836242A (en) * 1994-06-15 1998-11-17 Albany Nordiskafilt Ab Calendering system including a belt having an adaptable web-contacting surface
US6375602B1 (en) 1998-07-23 2002-04-23 Sw Paper Inc. Supercalendar roll with composite cover
US6428455B1 (en) * 1999-04-29 2002-08-06 Voith Sulzer Papiertechnik Patent Gmbh Resilient roll
US20030173043A1 (en) * 2000-07-10 2003-09-18 Pekka Koivukunnas Method for calendering tissue paper
US6712930B2 (en) 2000-07-10 2004-03-30 Metso Paper, Inc. Method for calendering tissue paper
US20090061073A1 (en) * 2005-07-02 2009-03-05 M-Real Oyi Cast coating device
EP1739231A1 (en) * 2005-07-02 2007-01-03 M-real Oyj Cast coating device
WO2007003272A1 (en) * 2005-07-02 2007-01-11 M-Real Oyj Cast coating device
US20070111871A1 (en) * 2005-11-08 2007-05-17 Butterfield William S Abrasion-resistant rubber roll cover with polyurethane coating
US10287731B2 (en) 2005-11-08 2019-05-14 Stowe Woodward Licensco Llc Abrasion-resistant rubber roll cover with polyurethane coating
US20080268158A1 (en) * 2006-02-23 2008-10-30 Meadwestvaco Corporation Method for treating a substrate
US20080230001A1 (en) * 2006-02-23 2008-09-25 Meadwestvaco Corporation Method for treating a substrate
US8349443B2 (en) 2006-02-23 2013-01-08 Meadwestvaco Corporation Method for treating a substrate
US8673398B2 (en) 2006-02-23 2014-03-18 Meadwestvaco Corporation Method for treating a substrate
US20090301631A1 (en) * 2006-05-23 2009-12-10 M-Real Oyj Coated papers having improved labelling properties
US8202624B2 (en) 2006-05-23 2012-06-19 M-Real Oyj Coated papers having improved labelling properties
US20100068427A1 (en) * 2006-08-22 2010-03-18 M-Real Oyj Cast-coating-like inkjet printing material
US20110053768A1 (en) * 2009-08-26 2011-03-03 M-Real Oyj Recording material for laser marking

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NL109349C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE1101940B (de) 1961-03-09
NL228351A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR1208268A (fr) 1960-02-23

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