US2993831A - Polyalkylenebisaniline anesthetics - Google Patents

Polyalkylenebisaniline anesthetics Download PDF

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US2993831A
US2993831A US742752A US74275258A US2993831A US 2993831 A US2993831 A US 2993831A US 742752 A US742752 A US 742752A US 74275258 A US74275258 A US 74275258A US 2993831 A US2993831 A US 2993831A
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ether
compound
anesthetic
dimethylaniline
polyalkylenebisaniline
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US742752A
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Seymour L Shapiro
Freedman Louis
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US Vitamin and Pharmaceutical Corp
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US Vitamin and Pharmaceutical Corp
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/13Amines
    • A61K31/135Amines having aromatic rings, e.g. ketamine, nortriptyline

Definitions

  • n is larger than 5 the anesthetic effect is considerably diminished, whereas replacement of the methyl groups by ethyl groups in the 2,6 positions of the aniline rings is also accompanied by diminished anesthetic 'eifect.
  • a further requisite for the structures within this system is that the nitrogen atoms have hydrogen groups attached. If these hydrogen atoms are replaced by methyl groups, anesthetic effect is reduced. Of particular significance is the stability of these active agents, with none of the groupings being vulnerable to hydrolysis.
  • the compounds were evaluated by the method of Chance and Lobstein, J. Pharmacol, 82, 203 (1944), for determining the median effective dose of a local anesthetic when applied to the cornea of a guinea pig eye.
  • a known concentration of solution of the local anesthetic is applied to both eyes of a guinea pig and the eyes kept bathed with this solution for two minutes. The eyes are then blotted to remove excess solution.
  • Patent halide suitably Br(CH ),,Br.
  • Varying concentrations of the anesthetic agent are used and the percent anesthesia is plotted against concentration. The results are expressed as the ED in mg./ml. which is the quantity of compound per milliliter of solution required to effect 50% anesthesia as established from the plot of concentration vs. percent anesthesia.
  • mice The toxicity of the individual compounds was established by administration subcutaneously (s.c.) to mice, in terms of the minimum dose required to be lethal to mice and expressed as LD in milligrams of compound per kilogram of mouse.
  • the therapeutic index was then calculated by dividing the LD by the ED the result being a single figure embracing the anesthetic effectiveness of the compound and its inherent toxicity.
  • the selected compounds of this invention are bases and are desirably solubilized when used as their salts with strong acids such as hydrochloric, hydrobromic, sulfuric and the like.
  • EXAMPLE 1 A mixture of 66.5 g. (0.55 mole) of 2,6-dimethylani1ine and 22.2 g. (0.11 mole) of trimethylene dibromide was heated on the steam bath for 3 hours. When cool, the formed crystals were separated, rinsed with ether, dried and dissolved in 150 ml. of water. The aqueous solution was rendered alkaline by the addition of 6 N sodium hydroxide and the liberated base extracted with three 200-ml. portions of ether. The combined ether extracts were dried (anhydrous magnesium sulfate), filtered, the ether removed and the residue distilled. There was obtained 13.0 g. (50%) of N,N-trimethylene-bis(2,6-dimethylaniline), B.P. 172174 C. (0.2 mm.).
  • N,N'-tetramethylene-bis(2,6-dimethylaniline) was obtained as follows: A mixture of 1.52 g. (0.04 mole) of lithium aluminum hydride in 300 ml. of ether was treated With a slurry of 4.65 g. (0.015 mole) of ('y-[2,6-dimethylanilino]-butyr)-2,6-dimethylanilide in 300 ml. of ether. After stirring under reflux for 30 hours and standing for an additional hours, 1.0 ml. of water followed by 1.0 ml. of saturated sodium chloride and 2.25 ml. of 40% sodium hydroxide solution was added.
  • a process for inducing anesthesia in a veterinary animal which comprises administering parenterally an effective amount of a compound of the formula CH3 CH3 CH5 CH8 where n is an integer selected from the group consisting of 3 and 5, said compound being in unit dosage form.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Description

2,993,831 I I POLYALKYLENEBISANILINE ANESTHETHIS Seymour 1.. Shapiro, Hastings on Hudson, and Louis Freedman, Bronxville, N.Y., assignors to US. Vitamin & Pharmaceutical Corporation, New York, N.Y., a corporation of Delaware No Drawing. Filed June 18, 1958, Ser. No. 742,752 3 Claims. (Cl. 167- 52) This invention is concerned with certain N,N'-polymethylene bis(2,6-dimethylanilines) which are unusually effective anesthetic agents and with the process for their preparation.
Specifically, we have now found that compounds of the structure 'wherein 11:3-5, are potent anesthetic agents with desirable lack of toxicity.
If n is larger than 5 the anesthetic effect is considerably diminished, whereas replacement of the methyl groups by ethyl groups in the 2,6 positions of the aniline rings is also accompanied by diminished anesthetic 'eifect. A further requisite for the structures within this system is that the nitrogen atoms have hydrogen groups attached. If these hydrogen atoms are replaced by methyl groups, anesthetic effect is reduced. Of particular significance is the stability of these active agents, with none of the groupings being vulnerable to hydrolysis.
The criticality in the structural requirements for pronounced anesthetic activity is manifest from Table I.
The compounds were evaluated by the method of Chance and Lobstein, J. Pharmacol, 82, 203 (1944), for determining the median effective dose of a local anesthetic when applied to the cornea of a guinea pig eye.
A known concentration of solution of the local anesthetic is applied to both eyes of a guinea pig and the eyes kept bathed with this solution for two minutes. The eyes are then blotted to remove excess solution.
Five minutes later, the eyes are tested for the anesthetic effect. A horse hair mounted on a glass rod is used. The hair is pressed against the center of the cornea so that the hair is bent to about the same extent at each application. The hair is applied times to each eye, and the process repeated 5 times for the test (total of 100 prods). The result is reported thus: 100 minus number of blinks=percent anesthesia.
' rates Patent halide, suitably Br(CH ),,Br.
ice
Varying concentrations of the anesthetic agent are used and the percent anesthesia is plotted against concentration. The results are expressed as the ED in mg./ml. which is the quantity of compound per milliliter of solution required to effect 50% anesthesia as established from the plot of concentration vs. percent anesthesia.
The toxicity of the individual compounds was established by administration subcutaneously (s.c.) to mice, in terms of the minimum dose required to be lethal to mice and expressed as LD in milligrams of compound per kilogram of mouse.
The therapeutic index was then calculated by dividing the LD by the ED the result being a single figure embracing the anesthetic effectiveness of the compound and its inherent toxicity.
The selected compounds of this invention are bases and are desirably solubilized when used as their salts with strong acids such as hydrochloric, hydrobromic, sulfuric and the like.
The compounds of the type shown in Formula I where n=3 and 5 are conveniently prepared by the reaction of an excess of 2,6-dimethylaniline with the appropriate The compound where n-=5 has been reported by Sommers et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 75, 5280 (1953), with no indication of its utility as an anesthetic agent. However, the attempted preparation of the compound where 11:4 could not be realized by this reaction since even in the presence of an excess of the 2,6-dimethylaniline, the reaction favored was apparently that where the compound cyclized as shown in the equation below.
CH5 CH .l H Br l H Br CH3 CH3 shown in the scheme I below.
The process and compounds of this invention will be more clearly understood from a consideration of the following specific examples which are given for the pur pose of illustration only and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention in any way.
EXAMPLE 1 A mixture of 66.5 g. (0.55 mole) of 2,6-dimethylani1ine and 22.2 g. (0.11 mole) of trimethylene dibromide was heated on the steam bath for 3 hours. When cool, the formed crystals were separated, rinsed with ether, dried and dissolved in 150 ml. of water. The aqueous solution was rendered alkaline by the addition of 6 N sodium hydroxide and the liberated base extracted with three 200-ml. portions of ether. The combined ether extracts were dried (anhydrous magnesium sulfate), filtered, the ether removed and the residue distilled. There was obtained 13.0 g. (50%) of N,N-trimethylene-bis(2,6-dimethylaniline), B.P. 172174 C. (0.2 mm.).
The product crystallized on standing, M.P. 7173 C.
Analysis.-Calcd. for C H N C, 80.8; H, 9.3; N, 9.9. Found: C, 81.1; H, 8.9; N, 10.0.
EXAMPLE 2 A solution of 9.3 g. (0.06 mole) of succinyl chloride in 60 ml. of ether was added gradually with stirring to a solution of 29.0 g. (0.24 mole) of 2,6-dimethylaniline in 200 ml. of ether. After the addition, stirring was continued for 40 minutes and the mixture of product and 2,6- dimethylaniline hydrochloride separated, washed with ether and then with water. The water-insoluble product N,N bis(2,6-dimethylphenyl)succinamide, 24.9 g. (90%), melted at 322-323 C. after recrystallization from methyl Cellosolve.
Analysis.Calcd. for C H N O C, 74.0; H, 7.5; N, 8.6. Found: C, 73.8; H, 6.9; N, 8.7.
There was similarly prepared from 2,6-dimethylaniline and malonyl chloride, N,N'-bis(2,6-dimethylpheuyl) malonarnide, M.P. 266267 C.
Analysis.-Calcd. for C H N O C, 73.5; H, 7.1; N, 9.0. Found: c, 73.1; H, 7.3; N, 8.9.
There was similarly prepared from 2,6-dimethylaniline and adipyl chloride, N,N-bis(2,6-dirnethylphenyl)adipamide, M.P. 290-292 C.
Analysis.-Calcd. for C H N O C, H, N,
7.9. Found: C, 75.1; H, 8.2; N, 8.2.
EXAMPLE 3 the residue separated and rinsed with two 300-m1. portions of ether. The combined filtrates were concentrated to about 25 ml. and on standing at C., 5.9 g. (47.5%) of the product separated, M.P. 145-148 C., recrystallized (heptane) M.P. 149-150" C.
V 4,. q I 4 Analysis.-Calcd. for C H N O: C, 77.4; H, 8.4.
Found: C, 77.5; H, 8.0.
EXAMPLE 4:
N,N'-tetramethylene-bis(2,6-dimethylaniline) was obtained as follows: A mixture of 1.52 g. (0.04 mole) of lithium aluminum hydride in 300 ml. of ether was treated With a slurry of 4.65 g. (0.015 mole) of ('y-[2,6-dimethylanilino]-butyr)-2,6-dimethylanilide in 300 ml. of ether. After stirring under reflux for 30 hours and standing for an additional hours, 1.0 ml. of water followed by 1.0 ml. of saturated sodium chloride and 2.25 ml. of 40% sodium hydroxide solution was added. The formed granular precipitate was separated, rinsed with ether and the combined ether filtrates concentrated. Unreacted anjlide (2.4 g.) precipitated and was separated. The filtrate was evaporated to yield a residue which was distilled. There was obtained 1.11 g. (25%) of product boiling at 172182 C. (0.11 mm.). On standing at room temperature the product crystallized, M.P. 61-63 C., recrystallized (pentane) M.P. 7273 C.
Analysis.Calcd. for C H N C, 81.0; H, 9.5; N, 9.5. Found: C, 81.1; H, 9.4; N, 9.7.
It is to be understood that it is intended to cover all changes and modifications of the examples of the invention herein chosen for the purpose of illustration which do not constitute departure from the spirit and scope of the invention.
We claim:
1. A process for inducing anesthesia in a veterinary animal which comprises administering parenterally an effective amount of a compound of the formula CH3 CH3 CH5 CH8 where n is an integer selected from the group consisting of 3 and 5, said compound being in unit dosage form.
2. The process of claim 1 where n=3. 3. The process of claim 1 where n=5.
References Cited in the file of this patent OTHER REFERENCES Beilstein, vol. 12, 1929, pp. 828, 1110. Chem. Abst., vol. 49, 1955, p. 317 (at c and e).

Claims (1)

1. A PROCESS FOR INDUCING ANESTHESIA IN A VETERINARY ANIMAL WHICH COMPRISES ADMINISTERING PARATERALLY AN EFFECTIVE AMOUNT OF A COMPOUND OF THE FORMULA WHERE N IS AN INTEGER SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF 3 AND 5, SAID COMPOUND BEING IN UNIT DOSAGE FORM.
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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3193456A (en) * 1962-04-16 1965-07-06 Ct Europ De Rech S Mauvernay 3, 5-dimethoxy-4-allyloxy-benzamide compositions and method of use
US3288835A (en) * 1966-11-29 Substituted-carbamyl)-alk- oxyj-phenyl acetic acid esters
US3300532A (en) * 1959-06-26 1967-01-24 Donau Pharmazie Gmbh Nu-(beta-diethylamino ethyl)-nu-[beta-hydroxy-beta-(phenyl) ethyl] anilines and salts thereof
US3310464A (en) * 1962-06-06 1967-03-21 Geigy Ag J R Process for controlling nematodes with n, n'-di(tetra-substituted phenyl) diaminomethanes
US3448196A (en) * 1959-04-15 1969-06-03 Centre Nat Rech Scient Method and composition for inducing local anesthesia with mono-(beta-diethylaminoethyl)amide of parachlorophenoxyacetic acid

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2311754A (en) * 1939-05-22 1943-02-23 Ici Ltd Manufacture of anilides
US2311753A (en) * 1939-05-17 1943-02-23 Ici Ltd Manufacture of new anilides
US2499352A (en) * 1948-01-02 1950-03-07 Wyeth Corp Substituted glycinamides
US2528267A (en) * 1950-10-31 Eobeet j
US2669582A (en) * 1952-04-05 1954-02-16 Searle & Co Basically substituted amides of dicarboxylic acids
US2739981A (en) * 1952-08-26 1956-03-27 American Home Prod Diamines and salts thereof
US2744929A (en) * 1952-09-26 1956-05-08 Shell Dev Production of unsaturated carboxylic acids
US2824041A (en) * 1952-10-28 1958-02-18 Pfizer & Co C Process of inducing hypnosis by unsaturated tertiary carbinols

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2528267A (en) * 1950-10-31 Eobeet j
US2311753A (en) * 1939-05-17 1943-02-23 Ici Ltd Manufacture of new anilides
US2311754A (en) * 1939-05-22 1943-02-23 Ici Ltd Manufacture of anilides
US2499352A (en) * 1948-01-02 1950-03-07 Wyeth Corp Substituted glycinamides
US2669582A (en) * 1952-04-05 1954-02-16 Searle & Co Basically substituted amides of dicarboxylic acids
US2739981A (en) * 1952-08-26 1956-03-27 American Home Prod Diamines and salts thereof
US2744929A (en) * 1952-09-26 1956-05-08 Shell Dev Production of unsaturated carboxylic acids
US2824041A (en) * 1952-10-28 1958-02-18 Pfizer & Co C Process of inducing hypnosis by unsaturated tertiary carbinols

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3288835A (en) * 1966-11-29 Substituted-carbamyl)-alk- oxyj-phenyl acetic acid esters
US3448196A (en) * 1959-04-15 1969-06-03 Centre Nat Rech Scient Method and composition for inducing local anesthesia with mono-(beta-diethylaminoethyl)amide of parachlorophenoxyacetic acid
US3300532A (en) * 1959-06-26 1967-01-24 Donau Pharmazie Gmbh Nu-(beta-diethylamino ethyl)-nu-[beta-hydroxy-beta-(phenyl) ethyl] anilines and salts thereof
US3193456A (en) * 1962-04-16 1965-07-06 Ct Europ De Rech S Mauvernay 3, 5-dimethoxy-4-allyloxy-benzamide compositions and method of use
US3310464A (en) * 1962-06-06 1967-03-21 Geigy Ag J R Process for controlling nematodes with n, n'-di(tetra-substituted phenyl) diaminomethanes

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