US2991168A - Fibrous solid propellants in sheet form - Google Patents

Fibrous solid propellants in sheet form Download PDF

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Publication number
US2991168A
US2991168A US697297A US69729757A US2991168A US 2991168 A US2991168 A US 2991168A US 697297 A US697297 A US 697297A US 69729757 A US69729757 A US 69729757A US 2991168 A US2991168 A US 2991168A
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fibers
propellant
nitrocellulose
filaments
percent
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US697297A
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Isidore G Nadel
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Individual
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Priority to IT599574D priority Critical patent/IT599574A/it
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Priority to US697297A priority patent/US2991168A/en
Priority to GB36083/58A priority patent/GB909391A/en
Priority to FR1213938D priority patent/FR1213938A/fr
Priority to BE573073A priority patent/BE573073A/xx
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Publication of US2991168A publication Critical patent/US2991168A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B25/00—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound
    • C06B25/18—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound the compound being nitrocellulose present as 10% or more by weight of the total composition
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B21/00—Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B21/00—Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
    • C06B21/0033—Shaping the mixture
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B45/00—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B5/00—Cartridge ammunition, e.g. separately-loaded propellant charges
    • F42B5/02—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile
    • F42B5/18—Caseless ammunition; Cartridges having combustible cases
    • F42B5/188—Manufacturing processes therefor

Definitions

  • This invention relates to highly combustible fibrous sheet material. More particularly the invention concerns nonwoven fabrics, webs, papers and the like composed at least in part of solid propellant compositions in textile-type filamentary form.
  • a primary object of this invention is the development of a highly combustible sheet material, the burning rate of which is subject to precision control with nited States atent 2 or without the necessity of varying the chemical com position or dimensional characteristics of the sheet.
  • a further object of the invention is the provision of highly combustible sheet materials composed of solid propellant compositions in the form of textile-type fibrous units.
  • a still further object of the invention relates to various methods of forming non-woven fabrics, webs, papers and the like, composed at least in part of solid propellant compositions in fibrous form.
  • Another object is the development of flexible propellant sheet materials having any desired degree of porosity and whose chemical composition is capable of wide variations without loss in mechanical and ballistic properties.
  • a still further object of the invention is the elimination of the conventional time consuming steps of colloiding, blending and drying necessary in prior art methods of extruding propellant sheet materials.
  • numerous propellant compositions of the nitrocellulose type may be formed into a spinning dope by solution in any suitable volatile solvent such as acetone.
  • This spinning dope or lacquer is then extruded under pressure through spinnerettes similar to those normally employed in the manufacture of synthetic textile fibers and solidified into solid, continuous, filaments by either the wet or dry spinning methods conventionally used, for example in the spinning of viscose, cellulose acetate, and like textile filaments.
  • the resulting, textiletype filaments are then cut into staple fibers and formed into matts, non-Woven fabrics, papers and like sheet materials as desired.
  • fibers of nitrocotton are combined with suitable plasticizers, stabilizers and like ingredient and formed into paper-like sheet materials by techniques which will be explained in greater detail below.
  • FIG. 1 schematically illustrates one form of an apparatus suitable for use in the formation of non-woven fabrics from propellant fibers.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a section of a non-woven fabric or web produced by the methods of this invention.
  • FIG. 3 diagrammatically illustrates a form of apparatus used in the manufacture of propellant papers.
  • any substantially non-crystalline, propellant composition which is capable of forming a flexible, tenuous textile-type filament on extrusion through .a spinnerette may be employed.
  • compositions containing large proportions of nitrocellulose are most adaptable to the method and desired end use.
  • such compositions may contain stabilizers, explosive stabilizers, plasticizers, coolants and other modifying agents customarily used in the blending of propellant compositions.
  • the thus formed composition is dissolved in any compatible, volatile solvent such as acetone and extruded under pressure through a spinnerette having a multiplicity of orifices of a size suitable to result in a filament of the desired denier.
  • the filaments may be spun by either the wet or the dry method.
  • the filaments leaving the spinnerette pass through a stream of warm, humid air for a distance sufficient to solidify the spinning composition and remove the bulk of the acetone or other solvent.
  • the filaments leaving the spinnerette pass directly into and through an aqueous bath to solidify the filamentary material and remove any solvents present.
  • the aqueous bath may be simply water or a dilute solution of such salts as are customarily employed in coagulating synthetic filaments such as viscose.
  • the filaments may be given a slight twist just sufficient to hold the bundle together in the form of a unitary strand, and wound on a storage spool for subsequent processing.
  • the filaments will be cut into suitable lengths, as for example, /2 to 2 inches, and either immediately processed into web form or stored for future use. Filaments having any desired denier may be formed by the above method. However, for practical purposes it has been found that filaments having deniers ranging from 3.75 to about 8.0 are to be preferred.
  • any desired number of filaments may be extruded simultaneously depending on the number of orifices in the spinnerette.
  • spinnerettes having 40 and 50 orifices respectively were employed. However, the number of such orifices may run as high as 200 or more.
  • the staple fibers formed by the above method are blended and formed into a web of interlaced fibers. This web of fibers is then formed into a non-woven fabric by the application of heat and pressure. Where the bulk of the fibers are non-thermoplastic or where the application of heat sufficient to plasticize thermoplastic fibers is considered to be objectionable, it is usually necessary to add a bonding agent to the fibers to obtain a strong, cohesive web.
  • a fiber opener which may be a picker of the type commonly used in textile industry.
  • the fiber mass is then formed into a web by means of a conventional garnetter or an apparatus of the Curlator Rando-Feeder and Rando- Webber type.
  • a garnetter In cases where a garnetter is employed the fibers are substantially in a parallel arrangement.
  • the web issuing from the garnetter is generally thin and tenuous and should be lapped to form a sheet having a plurality of layers capable of giving a fabric of desired thickness.
  • the Rando-Webber type apparatus is capable of forming a thicker Web wherein the fibers are randomly distributed and hence no lapping operation is necessary.
  • the web is then treated with a solution of a bonding agent by means such as a spray nozzle, an impregnator and the like. Numerous resin or other adhesives which are compatible with the propellant fibers and are capable of being dried and/or cured may be used.
  • the bonding agents which are suitable for use are:
  • Reclaimed rubber Asphalt emulsion Gelatin Casein Polyvinyl acetate Polyvinyl chloride Rubber latex (natural) Rubber latex (synthetic) emulsification are diluted to the desired solids concentration.
  • concentration and composition of bonding agent solutions and emulsions provides a wide latitude in the range of physical properties of the finished, bonded webs. Thus the strength, flexibility, absorbancy, hand, permeability, wet strength and other properties may be readily varied to meet product requirements.
  • the amount of bonding agent added may vary from ⁇ 0.5% to 50% based on the fabric weight.
  • the step of adding a bonding agent may be eliminated entirely and the fibers bonded together by the application of heat in an amount sufficient to soften or gelatinize the fiber surfaces and cause them to adhere firmly together.
  • a fiber solvent such as acetone.
  • the web After leaving the bonding agent applicator, the web should pass between -a series of pressure rollers to compress the web to form a nonwoven fabric of desired thickness.
  • the fabric is then passed through a drying oven or other means for drying and/ or curing the bonding agent.
  • Non-woven fabrics may be made by using fibers of different staple lengths, mixtures of fibers of varying lengths, blends of the propellant fibers having different chemical compositions and variation in the amount of binder and degree of compression of the web. Also, if dilution is desired, varying amounts of a non-propellant fiber such as cotton, cellulose acetate, viscose and the like may be blended with the propellant fibers. The strength of the fabric may also be increased by use of fibers crimped by any conventional textile crimping means either before or after cutting into staple lengths.
  • a non-propellant fiber such as cotton, cellulose acetate, viscose and the like
  • regenerated cellulose nitrate fibers are defined as cellulose nitrate fibers artificially formed as the result of processing a solvent solution or dispersion of cellulose nitrate as previously described.
  • Nitro-cotton is defined as cellulose nitrate fibers which have been produced by the nitration of cellulose and subsequently purified without dissolving the fibers in the process.
  • Example 1 Continuous, textile-type filaments were spun using the following propellant composition:
  • a synthetic rubber latex emulsion was sprayed on the lapped blanket of fibers in an amount sufficient to deposit approximately 5 percent solids based on the final weight of the fabric.
  • the fiber blanket was then subjected to a series of compression rollers and dried in an oven as previously described.
  • the operation up to the application of the bonding agent is carried out under conditions of very high humidity and all apparatus is properly grounded.
  • the resulting non-woven fabric exhibited good flexibility and hand and Was well suited for use as propellant charges in either roll or sheet form.
  • the fabric may be formed into a combustible cartridge case by winding a number of layers on a mandrel and bonding the layers together with either a volatile solvent such as acetone, or a non-volatile plasticizer or a resin, with or without the application of heat and pressure. After reaching the desired diameter, the tube is removed from the mandrel and allowed to dry or cure.
  • a volatile solvent such as acetone
  • Example II Filaments having a denier of 8.0 and the following composition Were formed in accordance with the method described in my parent application:
  • the above filaments were cut into staple lengths of approximately two inches and blended with an equal quantity of staple fibers of the type described in Example I.
  • the blended fibers were run through fiber openers and pickers and fed to a breaker card of a type commonly used in the textile industry to form fiber webs.
  • the resulting cross-webbed laps, the fibers of which are crossed in a diagonal manner was fed between two sections of wire mesh and dipped into a bonding solution of gelatin. Excess binder solution was squeezed out and the fabric oven dried.
  • the final non-woven fabric contained approximately 2% binder by weight.
  • the screen conveyor is run at a speed of -12 feet per minute, but if desired may be increased up to as much as 24 ft./min.
  • the propellant sheet material is produced by resin bonding textile-type staple fibers deposited from an aqueous slurry and then drying and/or curing the web under pressure and heat. This method is similar to that used in the manufacture of pulped paper products.
  • either regenerated nitrocellulose fibers or nitro-cotton may be used.
  • additional plasticizers and/ or bonding agents may be added to the aqueous slurry to obtain a propellant paper of the desired ballistic properties.
  • a plasticizer such as triacetin or dibutylphthalate and a stabilizer such as diphenylamine, ethyl or methyl centralite and then converted into paper on conventional papermaking machinery.
  • Various plastic or emulsion type rubber latices may be incorporated in the slurry as the binder in the finished paper instead of the plasticizer.
  • various water soluble binders such as starch, casein, gelatin, methylcellulose or gums may also be used to obtain desired physical properties in the propellant paper.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates the simplified operational steps involved in paper making.
  • the first basic step involves the formation of a slurry of the fiber in the water in the beater. This step reduces the fiber length to a desired freeness, the freeness being a measure of the rate at which water will flow through a mat of fibers under a given set of conditions.
  • the fiber slurry from the beater is pumped into the stock chest where chemical additives and binders are usually added under agitation. Additives may also be added to the slurry in the beater if desired. From the stock chest the suspension of fibers is passed onto the Fourdrinier screen where the wet mat is formed.
  • This mat is carried continuously onto a drier section to remove excess water and apply any desired surface finish to the paper.
  • Example III A nitrocellulose paper was prepared having the following composition:
  • Hycar-1551 is a copolymer of butadiene and acrylonitrile, fully identified on page 284 of Handbook of Material Tradenames, published by Industrial Research Service in 1953.
  • the sulfate woodpulp cellulose was added to a beater /2 /a full of water and beaten to a freeness of 450.
  • the nitrocellulose, in the form of loose nitrated cotton fibers, and the diphenylamine in a methanol solution were added to the heater and the whole thoroughly blended together.
  • the woodpulp-nitrocellulose blend was added to the stock chest of a papermaking machine and Hycar-1551 emulsion was added thereto.
  • the pH of the slurry was adjusted to approximately 8.5 by the addition of a small amount of aqueous ammonia prior to the addition of the Hycar. While under agitation, very small amounts of alum solution were added to precipitate the Hycar onto the fibers.
  • the final pH of the blend was approximately 6.6.
  • the slurry of fibers was then fed from the stock chest to the Fourdrinier screen and a mat formed in the same manner as a paper mat is formed. There was no difliculty running the paper on the Fourdrinier machine and drying sections. The optimum rate of speed for this batch was 38 ft./min. The moisture content of the finished paper was between 30 and 35%. The thickness of the uncalendered paper was 27 mils while the thickness of the calendered paper was 19 mils. A small amount of silicone or other antifoam compositions may be added to the slurry in the beater to prevent foaming and aid in the formation of a homogeneous slurry.
  • Example IV A second batch of propellant paper was prepared using regenerated nitrocellulose propellant filaments having the composition given in Example I. The filaments were cut into lengths of A inch or less and slurried in a beater with sulfate woodpulp cellulose fibers to a freeness of 450. Approximately 15% woodpulp based on the weight of the propellant fibers was used.
  • woodpulp cellulose fibers may be blended with the propellant fibers depending on the ballistic properties and strength of the paper web desired.
  • amounts of woodpulp cellulose less than about 5% by weight based on the dry weight of the propellant fibers are used however, the fiber web has insufficient strength to pass freely from the Fourdrinier screen to the drier belt and drying sections of the papermaking machine.
  • the physical characteristics and chemical compositions of either the nonwoven fabric or paper modification of this invention are subject to wide variation, thus affording a means of attaining precision control over the burning rate and other ballistic properties of :the final propellant sheet material.
  • the denier of the regenerate cellulose filaments may be varied at will, the preferred range being from 3.75 to about 8.0 but actually beinglimited only by mechanical difficulties in handling extremely fine or very coarse filaments.
  • Various staple length fibers may be employed, or blends of a variety of lengths.
  • the chemical composition may be varied to include filaments spun from any nitrocellulose type propellant either of the single or double base type.
  • the explosive ingredient may consist solely of nitrocellulose, or a varying amount of the nitrocellulose may be replaced by nitroglycerin, dinitrotoluene or the like.
  • Nitrocellulose of any degree of nitration may be employed. However, nitrocellulose having a nitrogen content of from 12.6 to 13.25 percent has been found to be most satisfactory. Nitrocellulose compositions having a high crystalline content are in general unsatisfactory and for all practical purposes a crystalline content greater than about 20% has been found to form filaments too fragile to be used in the manner intended.
  • textile-type filamentary material and the like are defined as including any materials composed of, or containing structural units having dimensions, strength, flexibility and other characteristics sufficiently similar to conventional textile fibers to permit their processing on conventional textile machinery to form textile-type strands, fabrics and the like.
  • textiletype fibers, staple length fibers and the like is meant fibrous material having physical properties similar to those of conventional textile staple fibers but of a length which may vary from less than a quarter of an inch when used to form sheets by papermaking methods, up to a length of several inches when used in the manufacture of non-woven fabrics.
  • This novel form of propellant presents numerous advantages over previously known forms, for example, precision control over the ballisticproperties of the web; its use as a propellant charge withoutthe aid of conventional cartridgecases and like containers; it affords an increased density of loading of propellant over conventionalgranular-artillery propellant; it offers greater flexibility and mechanical'strength particularly at lowtemperatures; blending of the propellant is not necessary, and it is possible to obtain improved chemical uniformity over that of conventional propellants.
  • the methods employed-inmanufacturing the novel propellant forms eliminates the present colloiding processes as well as the usual lengthly drying cycles. Manufacture of the propellant webs, fabrics and papers may be accomplished on standard textile or paper making equipment.
  • Highly combustible, fibrous material composed essentially of a spun nitrocellulose propellant composition in the form of uniform synthetic filaments, said propellant composition consisting essentially of approximately 99 percent nitrocellulose having a nitrogen content of from 12.6 percent to 13.25 percent and approximately 1 percent diphenylamine.
  • Highly combustible, fibrous sheet material composed essentially of a spun nitrocellulose propellant composition in the form of uniform synthetic filaments, said propellant composition consisting essentially of approximately 85 percent'nitrocellulose having a nitrogen content of from 12.6 to 13.25 percent, 9 percent dinitrotoluene, 5 percent dibutylphthalate and 1 percent diphenylamine.
  • Highly combustible, fibrous sheet material composed essentially of a spun nitrocellulose propellant composition in the-form of uniform synthetic filaments, said propellant composition consisting essentially of approximately 79.9% nitrocellulose having a nitrogen content of at least 12.6 percent, approximately 19.5 percent nitroglycerin and about 0.6% ethyl centralite.
  • a method of making a web of nitrocellulose material which comprises admixing 85 percent by weight of nitrocellulose, 10 percent by weight of dinitrotoluene and a plasticizer for the nitrocellulose and a stabilizer for the nitrocellulose selected from the group consisting of diphenylamine, ethyl and methyl centralite, with a solvent for said nitrocellulose to form a solution, spinning said solution into filaments, cutting the resulting filaments to a length of from about one-half to two inches and forming a web from the cut filaments.
  • a method of making a web of nitrocellulose material which comprises admixing 79.9 percent by weight of nitrocellulose, 19.5 percent by weight of nitroglycerin and a stabilizer for the nitrocellulose selected from the group consisting of diphenylamine, ethyl and methyl centralite, with a solvent for said nitrocellulose to form a solution, spinning said solution into filaments, cutting the resulting filaments to a length of less than about a quarter inch and forming a web from the cut filaments.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
US697297A 1957-11-18 1957-11-18 Fibrous solid propellants in sheet form Expired - Lifetime US2991168A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT599574D IT599574A (en(2012)) 1957-11-18
US697297A US2991168A (en) 1957-11-18 1957-11-18 Fibrous solid propellants in sheet form
GB36083/58A GB909391A (en) 1957-11-18 1958-11-10 Improvements in and relating to propellants
FR1213938D FR1213938A (fr) 1957-11-18 1958-11-14 Matière fibreuse combustible et propulseurs obtenus à partir de cette matière
BE573073A BE573073A (en(2012)) 1957-11-18 1958-11-18

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US69729657A 1957-11-18 1957-11-18
US697297A US2991168A (en) 1957-11-18 1957-11-18 Fibrous solid propellants in sheet form

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Cited By (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3102833A (en) * 1961-03-07 1963-09-03 Du Pont Process for producing a fibrous explosive having variable density
US3139355A (en) * 1962-01-22 1964-06-30 Atlantic Res Corp Process for making a fibrous cellulose and/or nitrocellulose product
US3203841A (en) * 1963-06-24 1965-08-31 Grace W R & Co Shaped explosives containing fibrous polyoxymethylene
US3213793A (en) * 1961-07-24 1965-10-26 Kimberly Clark Co Manufacture of cellulosic propellant
US3236704A (en) * 1966-02-22 Propellant composition
US3256371A (en) * 1963-01-18 1966-06-14 Celanese Corp Spinning of high nitrogen content cellulose nitrate filments
US3260203A (en) * 1965-02-18 1966-07-12 Atlantic Res Corp Cartridge cases from fibrous nitrocellulose and alkaline catalyzed phenolic resin
US3676533A (en) * 1968-06-26 1972-07-11 Hercules Inc Method of preparing propellant charges from fibrous nitrocellulose
US3919012A (en) * 1970-11-24 1975-11-11 Us Navy Propellant composition
US4408534A (en) * 1980-09-01 1983-10-11 Nippon Oil And Fats Co., Ltd. Gas generating charge and a process for producing the same
WO1989000552A1 (en) * 1987-07-17 1989-01-26 Deluca Peter L Deformable pulp paper product, its method of manufacture and method of use
US4911078A (en) * 1987-05-14 1990-03-27 Rheinmetall Gmbh Cartridged ammunition having a combustible casing and method of making the same
US4928598A (en) * 1986-06-13 1990-05-29 Rheinmetall Gmbh Propelling charge case
US5403035A (en) * 1992-06-01 1995-04-04 Oea, Inc. Preparing air bag vehicle restraint device having cellulose containing sheet propellant
EP1319919A1 (de) * 2001-12-15 2003-06-18 Nitrochemie Aschau GmbH Verfahren zur Herstellung einer verbrennbaren Hülse für patronierte Munition
US20060091582A1 (en) * 2003-04-08 2006-05-04 James Michael D Method for forming fibers
CN101956239A (zh) * 2010-08-02 2011-01-26 南京理工大学 一种硝化棉纺丝方法及应用
US20110037194A1 (en) * 2009-08-14 2011-02-17 Michael David James Die assembly and method of using same
WO2012173662A1 (en) * 2011-06-14 2012-12-20 Alliant Techsystems Inc. Advanced muzzle loader ammunition
US8881634B1 (en) 2008-06-13 2014-11-11 Alliant Techsystems Inc. Muzzle loader powder increment using celluloid combustible container
US9377277B1 (en) 2008-04-25 2016-06-28 Vista Outdoor Operations Llc Advanced muzzle loader ammunition
US9885550B1 (en) 2014-08-29 2018-02-06 Orbital Atk, Inc. Methods of preparing nitrocelluse based propellants and propellants made therefrom
US10066911B1 (en) 2014-08-29 2018-09-04 Orbital Atk, Inc. Methods of preparing nitrocelluse based propellants and propellants made therefrom
FR3117399A1 (fr) 2020-12-15 2022-06-17 Eurenco Procédé d'obtention de structures à base de nitrocellulose par fabrication additive

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NO133382C (en(2012)) * 1973-05-25 1976-04-21 Raufoss Ammunisjonsfabrikker
DE3048941A1 (de) * 1980-12-24 1982-07-15 Dynamit Nobel Ag, 5210 Troisdorf Leitwerk fuer aus einem rohr abzufeuernde flugkoerper, insbesondere grananten
FR2586673A1 (fr) * 1985-08-27 1987-03-06 Poudres & Explosifs Ste Nale Papier diffusant un compose actif par combustion et diffuseur pyrotechnique utilisant un tel papier
DE3610424C1 (de) * 1986-03-27 1987-09-10 Dynamit Nobel Ag Selbsttragender Treibladungskoerper und daraus hergestellte Kompaktladung
FR2672589B1 (fr) * 1991-02-11 1994-07-22 Giat Ind Sa Charge propulsive du type feuille a poudre, son procede de fabrication et munition incorporant une telle charge.

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US1896642A (en) * 1927-04-11 1933-02-07 Western Cartridge Co Process of making nitrocellulose powders
US2091969A (en) * 1934-01-13 1937-09-07 Dreyfus Henry Saponifying esters of cellulose
US2320243A (en) * 1940-03-27 1943-05-25 Du Pont Smokeless powder composition
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US1028748A (en) * 1906-09-06 1912-06-04 Leonhard Lederer Filaments and other products obtained from cellulose compounds.
US1896642A (en) * 1927-04-11 1933-02-07 Western Cartridge Co Process of making nitrocellulose powders
US2091969A (en) * 1934-01-13 1937-09-07 Dreyfus Henry Saponifying esters of cellulose
US2320243A (en) * 1940-03-27 1943-05-25 Du Pont Smokeless powder composition
US2401236A (en) * 1942-10-10 1946-05-28 Du Pont Apparatus for producing subdivided molding material
US2514412A (en) * 1944-06-30 1950-07-11 Robert S Owens Stitched sheet product

Cited By (34)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3236704A (en) * 1966-02-22 Propellant composition
US3102833A (en) * 1961-03-07 1963-09-03 Du Pont Process for producing a fibrous explosive having variable density
US3213793A (en) * 1961-07-24 1965-10-26 Kimberly Clark Co Manufacture of cellulosic propellant
US3139355A (en) * 1962-01-22 1964-06-30 Atlantic Res Corp Process for making a fibrous cellulose and/or nitrocellulose product
US3256371A (en) * 1963-01-18 1966-06-14 Celanese Corp Spinning of high nitrogen content cellulose nitrate filments
US3203841A (en) * 1963-06-24 1965-08-31 Grace W R & Co Shaped explosives containing fibrous polyoxymethylene
US3260203A (en) * 1965-02-18 1966-07-12 Atlantic Res Corp Cartridge cases from fibrous nitrocellulose and alkaline catalyzed phenolic resin
US3676533A (en) * 1968-06-26 1972-07-11 Hercules Inc Method of preparing propellant charges from fibrous nitrocellulose
US3919012A (en) * 1970-11-24 1975-11-11 Us Navy Propellant composition
US4408534A (en) * 1980-09-01 1983-10-11 Nippon Oil And Fats Co., Ltd. Gas generating charge and a process for producing the same
US4928598A (en) * 1986-06-13 1990-05-29 Rheinmetall Gmbh Propelling charge case
US4911078A (en) * 1987-05-14 1990-03-27 Rheinmetall Gmbh Cartridged ammunition having a combustible casing and method of making the same
WO1989000552A1 (en) * 1987-07-17 1989-01-26 Deluca Peter L Deformable pulp paper product, its method of manufacture and method of use
US4810430A (en) * 1987-07-17 1989-03-07 Deluca Peter L Deformable pulp paper product, its method of manufacture and method of use
US5403035A (en) * 1992-06-01 1995-04-04 Oea, Inc. Preparing air bag vehicle restraint device having cellulose containing sheet propellant
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GB909391A (en) 1962-10-31
BE573073A (en(2012)) 1958-12-15
FR1213938A (fr) 1960-04-05

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