US2991145A - Dye carrier - Google Patents
Dye carrier Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2991145A US2991145A US843943A US84394359A US2991145A US 2991145 A US2991145 A US 2991145A US 843943 A US843943 A US 843943A US 84394359 A US84394359 A US 84394359A US 2991145 A US2991145 A US 2991145A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- phenylphenol
- dye
- bath
- concentrate
- dye carrier
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
- D06P1/64—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders using compositions containing low-molecular-weight organic compounds without sulfate or sulfonate groups
- D06P1/651—Compounds without nitrogen
- D06P1/65106—Oxygen-containing compounds
- D06P1/65118—Compounds containing hydroxyl groups
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
- D06P1/62—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders using compositions containing low-molecular-weight organic compounds with sulfate, sulfonate, sulfenic or sulfinic groups
- D06P1/621—Compounds without nitrogen
- D06P1/622—Sulfonic acids or their salts
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
- D06P3/34—Material containing ester groups
- D06P3/52—Polyesters
- D06P3/54—Polyesters using dispersed dyestuffs
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S8/00—Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification of textiles and fibers
- Y10S8/04—Polyester fibers
Definitions
- This invention relates to dye carriers comprising phenylphenol and to processes utilizing such carriers.
- it relates to the use of a combination of sodium dodecyldiphenyl oxide disulfonate and phenylphenol as a dye carrier.
- phenylphenol as a dye carrier is enhanced and the pH required for its effective use is lowered by using it in conjunction with sodium dodecyldiphenyl oxide disulfonate.
- the latter compound is sold commercially by The Dow Chemical Company under the tradename Dowfax 2A1.
- the phenylphenol is dissolved or dispersed in a concentrated aqueous solution of the Dowfax.
- the concentrate thus formed is added to the dye bath in the desired amount and quickly dissolves or disperses therein to form a homogenous bath composition.
- the beneficial eifeot of using the Dowfax in conjunction with phenylphenol as a dye carrier is obtained in any dyeing operation in which phenylphenol is useful as a carrier but is particularly strong in the dyeing of synthetic ester fibers such as poly(ethylene. terephthalate). These are commonly dyed with acetate-type dyes, though the beneficial effect of the Dowfax is obtained with other types of dyes with which phenylphenol is useful as a carrier.
- Example 1 Preparation of dye carrier oncentrate The concentrate was prepared by placing 44.4 grams of 45% aqueous Dowfax 2A1 solution (20 grams of active Dowfax 2A1) in a beaker and the o-phenylphenol added with stirring. The solution was heated to dissolve the phenol and cooled to room temperature to make sure there was no separation. 7.4 grams of o-phenylphenol was added in this way to give a clear concentrate.
- Example 2 Use of concentrate in dyeing The dyeing was carried out using the procedure in Coloring of Postwar Synthetic Fibers by National Aniline Company. All weights are based on the weight of the cloth and a 30:1 bath factor (30 wts. of water per 1 wt. of cloth) was used at all times. Five 5" x 5" Dacron cloth patches (about grams) were scoured with water containing a surfactant for minutes at 160 F. The cloth was removed and rinsed well. The dye bath was 2,991,145.
- Patented July 4, 1961 prepared by filling a vessel with water to "A: the total volume and adding in succession 4% of the Dowfax 2A1 and o-phenylphenol concentrate, 6% monosodium phosphate and 2% Eastman Fast Yellow (an acetate type dye) which had previously been dispersed in a small amount of water. Water was added to bring the volume to the previously determined level, the cloth was put in at 110 F. and the bath was boiled for 90 minutes. The cloth was then removed, rinsed in clear water and treated 10 minutes at 180 F. in a 9% NaOHsolution to remove the phenol. The cloth was again rinsed, scoured, again rinsed, and then dried and ironed.
- A the total volume and adding in succession 4% of the Dowfax 2A1 and o-phenylphenol concentrate, 6% monosodium phosphate and 2% Eastman Fast Yellow (an acetate type dye) which had previously been dispersed in a small amount of water. Water was added to bring the volume to the previously determined level,
- Example 3.C0mparative test Bath and procedure were the same except instead of 4% of the concentrate as in Example 2, the bath was charged with 1% sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate and 3% of the Na salt of o-phenylphenol, the latter having previously been dissolved in 1.5% NaOH. The bath apeared to be completely in solution.
- the ratio of Dowfax to phenylphenol is suitably about 2 to 4 parts, by weight of Dowfax per part of phenylphenol.
- the percentage of water in the concentrate is not critical so long as enough is used to obtain a uniform solution or dispersion of the phenylphenol in the concentrate. This ordinarily requires about 40-50%, by weight, based on the entire concentrate. More may be used if desired, of course.
- the amount of the concentrate used in the dye bath is not critical. As little as 1% produces a definite beneficial effect while further benefit may be obtained by use of larger amounts up to 5% or more.
- the choice of amount is essentially an economic one; i.e., one uses as much as the improved result justifies. This will vary somewhat with the particular dye and fabric being used.
- o-phenylphenol is the most widely used phenolic dye carrier
- other phenols particularly p-phenylphenol
- Dowfax with these other phenols results in improved dyeing in the same way as when o-phenylphenol is used.
Description
United States Patent This invention relates to dye carriers comprising phenylphenol and to processes utilizing such carriers. In particular, it relates to the use of a combination of sodium dodecyldiphenyl oxide disulfonate and phenylphenol as a dye carrier.
It is well known to use phenylphenol as a dye carrier,
especially in the dyeing of synthetic polyester fibers. One dilficulty in such practice, however, arises from the fact that the phenol is substantially insoluble in neutral or acid solutions, thus requiring the use of strong alkali to render it soluble. Such alkali is objectionable because of its added cost, its harmful effect on the fiber and its inhibitory effect on the dyeing itself. Many dyes are most effective and have the greatest aflinity for fibers when in neutral of acid solutions.
Accordingly, it is an object of this invention to provide dye carriers utilizing the useful properties of phenylphenol but avoiding the excessively high pH heretofore considered necessary for its use. Other objects will ap pear hereinafiter.
According to the invention, the effectiveness of phenylphenol as a dye carrier is enhanced and the pH required for its effective use is lowered by using it in conjunction with sodium dodecyldiphenyl oxide disulfonate. The latter compound is sold commercially by The Dow Chemical Company under the tradename Dowfax 2A1.
In a preferred mode of practicing the invention, the phenylphenol is dissolved or dispersed in a concentrated aqueous solution of the Dowfax. The concentrate thus formed is added to the dye bath in the desired amount and quickly dissolves or disperses therein to form a homogenous bath composition.
The beneficial eifeot of using the Dowfax in conjunction with phenylphenol as a dye carrier is obtained in any dyeing operation in which phenylphenol is useful as a carrier but is particularly strong in the dyeing of synthetic ester fibers such as poly(ethylene. terephthalate). These are commonly dyed with acetate-type dyes, though the beneficial effect of the Dowfax is obtained with other types of dyes with which phenylphenol is useful as a carrier.
The practice of the invention is illustrated by the following examples.
Example 1.-Preparation of dye carrier oncentrate The concentrate was prepared by placing 44.4 grams of 45% aqueous Dowfax 2A1 solution (20 grams of active Dowfax 2A1) in a beaker and the o-phenylphenol added with stirring. The solution was heated to dissolve the phenol and cooled to room temperature to make sure there was no separation. 7.4 grams of o-phenylphenol was added in this way to give a clear concentrate.
Example 2.Use of concentrate in dyeing The dyeing was carried out using the procedure in Coloring of Postwar Synthetic Fibers by National Aniline Company. All weights are based on the weight of the cloth and a 30:1 bath factor (30 wts. of water per 1 wt. of cloth) was used at all times. Five 5" x 5" Dacron cloth patches (about grams) were scoured with water containing a surfactant for minutes at 160 F. The cloth was removed and rinsed well. The dye bath was 2,991,145. Patented July 4, 1961 prepared by filling a vessel with water to "A: the total volume and adding in succession 4% of the Dowfax 2A1 and o-phenylphenol concentrate, 6% monosodium phosphate and 2% Eastman Fast Yellow (an acetate type dye) which had previously been dispersed in a small amount of water. Water was added to bring the volume to the previously determined level, the cloth was put in at 110 F. and the bath was boiled for 90 minutes. The cloth was then removed, rinsed in clear water and treated 10 minutes at 180 F. in a 9% NaOHsolution to remove the phenol. The cloth was again rinsed, scoured, again rinsed, and then dried and ironed.
Example 3.C0mparative test Bath and procedure were the same except instead of 4% of the concentrate as in Example 2, the bath was charged with 1% sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate and 3% of the Na salt of o-phenylphenol, the latter having previously been dissolved in 1.5% NaOH. The bath apeared to be completely in solution.
Comparing the dyed cloth from Examples 2 and 3 showed the color at 2 to be the more intense, indicating a more complete utilization of the dye.
In preparing the dye carrier concentrate the ratio of Dowfax to phenylphenol is suitably about 2 to 4 parts, by weight of Dowfax per part of phenylphenol. The percentage of water in the concentrate is not critical so long as enough is used to obtain a uniform solution or dispersion of the phenylphenol in the concentrate. This ordinarily requires about 40-50%, by weight, based on the entire concentrate. More may be used if desired, of course.
The amount of the concentrate used in the dye bath is not critical. As little as 1% produces a definite beneficial effect while further benefit may be obtained by use of larger amounts up to 5% or more. The choice of amount is essentially an economic one; i.e., one uses as much as the improved result justifies. This will vary somewhat with the particular dye and fabric being used.
While o-phenylphenol is the most widely used phenolic dye carrier, other phenols, particularly p-phenylphenol, are sometimes used. The use of Dowfax with these other phenols results in improved dyeing in the same way as when o-phenylphenol is used.
I claim:
1. In a dyeing process wherein a fabric to be dyed is immersed in a dye bath comprising, as a dye carrier, phenylphenol, the improvement comprising incorporating into said bath about 2 to 4 parts, by weight, of sodium References Cited in the-file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,081,876 Prahl May 25, 1937 2,854,477 Steinhauer Sept. 30, 1958 2,926,987 Freyermuth et a1. Mar. 1, 1960 FOREIGN PATENTS 526,913 Canada June 26, 1956
Claims (1)
1. IN A DYEING PROCESS WHEREIN A FABRIC TO BE DYED IS IMMERSED IN A DYE BATH COMPRISING, AS A DYE CARRIER, PHENYLPHENOL, THE IMPROVEMENT COMPRISING INCORPORATING INTO SAID BATH ABOUT 2 TO 4 PARTS, BY WEIGHT, OF SODIUM DODECYLDIPHENYL OXIDE DISULFONATE PER PART OF PHENYLPHENOL THEREIN.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US843943A US2991145A (en) | 1959-10-02 | 1959-10-02 | Dye carrier |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US843943A US2991145A (en) | 1959-10-02 | 1959-10-02 | Dye carrier |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2991145A true US2991145A (en) | 1961-07-04 |
Family
ID=25291383
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US843943A Expired - Lifetime US2991145A (en) | 1959-10-02 | 1959-10-02 | Dye carrier |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US2991145A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
USB283300I5 (en) * | 1971-08-24 | 1975-01-28 |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2081876A (en) * | 1935-02-25 | 1937-05-25 | Du Pont | Diaryl oxide sulphonic acids and processes for preparing the same |
CA526913A (en) * | 1956-06-26 | Imperial Chemical Industries Limited | Process of dyeing aromatic polyester textile materials | |
US2854477A (en) * | 1956-11-20 | 1958-09-30 | Dow Chemical Co | Method of making alkyl diphenyl ether sulfonates |
US2926987A (en) * | 1956-04-30 | 1960-03-01 | Gen Aniline & Film Corp | Preparation of phenylphenol dyeing assistant compositions |
-
1959
- 1959-10-02 US US843943A patent/US2991145A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA526913A (en) * | 1956-06-26 | Imperial Chemical Industries Limited | Process of dyeing aromatic polyester textile materials | |
US2081876A (en) * | 1935-02-25 | 1937-05-25 | Du Pont | Diaryl oxide sulphonic acids and processes for preparing the same |
US2926987A (en) * | 1956-04-30 | 1960-03-01 | Gen Aniline & Film Corp | Preparation of phenylphenol dyeing assistant compositions |
US2854477A (en) * | 1956-11-20 | 1958-09-30 | Dow Chemical Co | Method of making alkyl diphenyl ether sulfonates |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
USB283300I5 (en) * | 1971-08-24 | 1975-01-28 | ||
US3925011A (en) * | 1971-08-24 | 1975-12-09 | Bayer Ag | Emulsifying carrier compositions and process for emulsifying carriers containing hydroxyaryl groups |
DE2142318B2 (en) * | 1971-08-24 | 1979-01-04 | Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen | Use of mixtures for emulsifying dye accelerators containing hydroxyaryl groups |
DE2142318C3 (en) * | 1971-08-24 | 1979-09-06 | Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen | Use of mixtures for emulsifying dye accelerators containing hydroxyaryl groups |
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