US2990731A - Fitting for perforating steel walled members - Google Patents
Fitting for perforating steel walled members Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2990731A US2990731A US82359559A US2990731A US 2990731 A US2990731 A US 2990731A US 82359559 A US82359559 A US 82359559A US 2990731 A US2990731 A US 2990731A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- wall
- tool
- perforating
- fitting
- diameter
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L41/00—Branching pipes; Joining pipes to walls
- F16L41/04—Tapping pipe walls, i.e. making connections through the walls of pipes while they are carrying fluids; Fittings therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
- B21C37/15—Making tubes of special shape; Making tube fittings
- B21C37/28—Making tube fittings for connecting pipes, e.g. U-pieces
- B21C37/29—Making branched pieces, e.g. T-pieces
- B21C37/292—Forming collars by drawing or pushing a rigid forming tool through an opening in the tube wall
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
- Y10T137/598—With repair, tapping, assembly, or disassembly means
- Y10T137/612—Tapping a pipe, keg, or apertured tank under pressure
- Y10T137/6123—With aperture forming means
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T408/00—Cutting by use of rotating axially moving tool
- Y10T408/89—Tool or Tool with support
- Y10T408/895—Having axial, core-receiving central portion
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T408/00—Cutting by use of rotating axially moving tool
- Y10T408/89—Tool or Tool with support
- Y10T408/899—Having inversely angled cutting edge
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T408/00—Cutting by use of rotating axially moving tool
- Y10T408/89—Tool or Tool with support
- Y10T408/909—Having peripherally spaced cutting edges
- Y10T408/9093—Each formed by a pair of axially facing facets
Definitions
- This invention relates to a fitting for perforating steel walled members, such as pipes and fluid containers, and is particularly well suited for use as a branch pipe fitting.
- the fitting is of the type and constitutes an improvement upon the fitting forming the subject matter of a patent application of Patterson D. Merrill and Harry T. Waite, Jr., for Fitting for Tapping Steel WalledMembers, Serial No. 776,095, filed November 24, 1958 which issued as Patent No. 2,950,637, dated August 30, 1960'.
- the primary object of this invention is to provide a device of this character which is self-contained, in that perforating means forms a part thereof and is retained therein for dual use as a valve member to control the flow of fluid contents through the device and the perforation formed thereby.
- a further object is to provide a device of this character which forms a perforation by removing a portion of a wall in the form ,of a slug in such a manner as to insure that the slug is completely separated from the wall in which it is formed and is prevented from hinging to said wall at the margin of the perforation.
- a further object is to provide a device of this character having a novel perforating member capable of displacing metal in the form of a slug in a perforating operation, which metal displacement occurs with some of the characteristics of a metal extrusion.
- a further object is to provide a device of this character having an elongated perforating member screw-threaded at the end thereof remote from the perforating end, and means for guiding said member with minimum friction to counteract forces acting on the perforator and tending to distort the same from true axial position during its use.
- FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of the device used upon a steel pipe and illustrating the same in use to permit flow therethrough from the pipe through the opening perforated thereby;
- FIG. 2 is a fragmentary sectional view illustrating the tip of the perforating tool seated in the perforation formed thereby;
- FIG. 3 is an enlarged fragmentary detail sectional view illustrating an intermediate step in the process of using the tool to perforate a steel wall
- FIG. 4 is a transverse sectionalview taken on line 4-4 of FIG. 1;
- FIG. 5 is a side view of a typical slug formed by the use of the device.
- FIG. 6 is an axial sectional view of the slug shown in FIG. 5;
- FIG. 7 is a view in side elevation illustrating a modified form of perforating member.
- FIG. 8 is a fragmentary axial sectional view taken on line 88 of FIG. 7.
- FIGS. 1 to 4, inclusive, illusstrate one embodiment of the invention in the nature of a tribution system.
- the pipe may be of any selected diameter, such as a diameter of from two inches to six inches or more.
- the member 10 may constitute the wall of acontainer having steel of the ap proximate composition, thickness, and hardness of steel pipe.
- a fitting such as a branch pipe fitting, is secured to wall 10 by any suitable means and consists of a T having a branch or leg portion 12 communicating with a crossconduit, here shown as having a large diameter portion 14 with the inner end of which the leg 12 communicates, t
- the T is preferably secured to the wall 10 at the end of the part 14 thereof as by means of the weld 18 circumferentially of the part 14 to efiect a seal between part 14 and the wall 10.
- the reduced fitting portion 16 is preferably screw-threaded internally and externally.
- the leg 12 of the T may be beveled at its end as shown to accommodate a welded circumferential sealed joint with the end of a branch pipe (not shown) to which the contents of the pipe or container, of which the wall 10 forms a part, are to be supplied.
- the portion 16 has internal threads extending full length thereof which are preferably comparatively fine or of slow lead and preferably of the type having sixteen to twenty-four threads per inch although it is possible to use even finer threads than twenty-four threads per inch.
- An elongated perforating member has an elongated externally screw-threaded portion 20 at one end thereof which is screw-threaded in the conduit or fitting portion 16, and said end portion is preferably provided with hexagonal or other non-circular tool-receiving socket (not shown) in the end thereof to receive a tool for rotating the same.
- the perforating member has an elongated shank portion 22 of slightly less diameter than the diameter of the threaded part 20 from which projects a tapered coaxial portion 24.
- a cylindrical coaxial free end portion 26 projects from the small diameter end of a plane perpendicular to the axis of the perforating member. We prefer to provide said face with an angle from ten to fifteen degrees from a plane perpendicular to the axis of the member.
- the portion 26 of the perforating tool is tubular as defined by a bore 30 extending axially thereof and of a depth preferably greater than the thickness of the wall 10 to be perforated.
- the bore 30 is preferably of a diameter at least equal to the radius of part 26. 7
- the device functions satisfactorily when a part 26 of th-ree-eights inch diameter has a bore therein of seven thirty-seconds inches diameter, so that the wall thickness of the cylindrioal wall of part 26 is approximately five sixty-fourths of an inch.
- a perforating member whose part 26 has a diameter of one-half inch /2"
- bore 30 thereof may be of a diameter of five-sixteenths of I an inch A and the wall thickness of the part 26 branch pipe fitting.
- the numeral 10 designates a steel pipe, such as pipe used in gas lines or mains in a gas dis- I three thirty-seconds ("7 of an inch.
- the bore thereof may be seven sixteenths of an inch in diameter and the wall thickness of the part 26 may be three thirty-seconds of an inch
- the perforating tool is advanced by rotation thereof, the rate of advance 1 being determined by the lead of the screw-threaded portion 20.
- the extrusion action terminates before the perforation is completed, and thereafter the action is characterized by the requirement to exert greater torque to produce rotative advance of the perforating tool.
- the final perforating action of the tool may be likened to a swaging action and completes the perforation by forming a tapered or flared mouth 48 thereat.
- the operation of the tool produces a slug of the character illustrated in FIG. 5 characterized by the stem portion 32 extruded in the tube bore 30 and having a diameter slightly less than the diameter of the bore 30 to accommodate rotation therein.
- An enlarged diameter head portion 36 completes the slug, and the same is usually characterized by a comparatively rough surface 38 of frusto conical shape whose inner or small diameter end is usually substantially equal to the diameter of the portion 26 of the tool.
- the outer end of the slug is usually displaced to convex shape at its margin 40 and usually is characterized by a convex central end portion 42.
- the overall length of the slug is substantially greater than the wall thickness of the wall from which it is formed and said dimension results from the extrusion of the stem portion 32 as illustrated, for example, 1n FIG. 3.
- gas or other fluid may flow through the perforation 46 and the fitting portion 14 around the withdrawn perforating tool and into the leg or branch 12 of the fitting.
- the thread fit of the part of the tool in the part 16 of the fitting is substantially free from leakage but a complete seal against leakage can be provided by threading a sealing cap 44 upon the external screw-threads of the fitting portion 16.
- this can be done by removing the cap 44 and again advancing the perforating tool until such time as the tapered portion 24 thereof seats in the outer end of the perforation 46 and thus acts as a valve to close the port 46.
- this can be accomplished by advancing the tool to a selected position adjacent the outer mouth of the aperture 46 and in such position as to restrict flow therethrough.
- FIGS. 7 and 8 A modified construction of perforating tool is illustrated in FIGS. 7 and 8.
- the perforating tool has a threaded end portion 50, a substantially cylindrical slightly reduced shank portion 52, a further reduced shank portion 54, a frusto conical or tapered portion 56, and a cylindrical end portion 58.
- the end portion 58 is tubular as defined by an axial bore 60 open at its end and extendingfor a length greater than the thickness of the wall 10 to be perforated thereby, so as to define a comparatively thin rigid tube wall 62.
- the tip of the tool in this instance is defined by a pair of oblique flat end face 64 extending at an angle to each other so as to define a substantially V-shaped contour,
- apex 66 of the V located in a line extending diametrically of the tool, and thus providing two diametrically opposed aligned radial tool edges '66 or apices for contacting the work, such as the wall 10.
- the angular displacement between the planes in which the faces 64 lie and the axis of the tool is preferably substantially equal. Faces 64 are preferably displaced from about ten degrees to twenty degrees or more from a plane perpendicular to the axis of the tool, so that the included angle between said planes of faces 64 is preferably from about 140 degrees to about 160 degrees.
- This tool operates in the same manner described above and produces a slug similar to that illustrated in FIGS. 5
- the perforating member in all embodiments will preferably be formed of a low carbon tool steel which has been hardened to maximum toughness without making it brittle.
- a low carbon tool steel which has been hardened to maximum toughness without making it brittle.
- One such steel which is particularly well suited for use in making this perforating member is known as Allegheny Ludlum No. 609, of 60-75 carbon steel. It is also possible to use mild steel of the type used for products to be processed on screw machines after the same has been carburized and hardened.
- means for perforating a wall of a steel member of substantially uniform thickness comprising a tube secured to said wall to extend substantially perpendicularly to said wall and having an internally threaded end portion spaced from said wall and an elongated perforating tool screw-threaded at one end thereof to mate with said tube threads and formed of a metal harder than said wall, said tool having a reduced diameter substantially cylindrical concentric perforating end portion having an oblique end face, the improvement comprising an axial concentric bore in said perforating end portion open at said end face and of a depth greater than the thickness of said wall, said end face being defined by two oblique planes intersecting diametrically of said end face and defining a pair of aligned wall-engaging edges.
- means for perforating a wall of a steel member of substantially uniform thickness comprising a tube secured to said wall to extend substantially perpendicularly to said wall and having an internally threaded end portion spaced from said wall and an elongated perforating tool screw-threaded at one end thereof to mate with said tube threads and formed of a metal harder than said wall, said tool having a reduced diameter substantially cylindrical concentric perforating end portion having an oblique end face, the improvement comprising an axial concentric bore in said perforating end portion open at said end face and of a depth greater than the thickness of said wall, said end face having a V-shaped profile defining a pair of aligned radial wall-engaging edges.
- means for perforating a wall of a steel member of substantially uniform thickness comprising a tube secured to said wall to extend substantially perpendicularly to said wall and having an internally threaded end portion spaced from said wall and an elongated perforating tool screw-threaded at one end thereof to mate with said tube threads and formed of a metal harder than said wall, said tool having a reduced diameter substantially cylindrical concentric perforating end portion having an oblique end face, the improvement comprising an axial concentric bore in said perforating end portion open at said end face and of a depth greater than the thickness of said wall, said end face having a V-shaped profile defined by two oblique planes intersecting diametrically of said end face and displaced between deg. and deg.
- Means for perforating a wall of a steel member of substantially uniform thickness comprising a tube internally screw-threaded at one end and secured at its opposite end to said wall in substantially perpendicular relation thereto, and an elongated perforating tool having a threaded end mating with said tube threads and formed of a metal harder than said wall, said tool having an integral concentric reduced diameter cylindrical tubular end portion, the free edge of said tubular portion lying in oblique intersecting planes to define Wall-engaging radial apices perpendicular to the axis of said end portion.
- Means for perforating a wall of a steel member of substantially uniform thickness comprising a tube internally screw-threaded at one end and secured at its opposite end to said wall in substantially perpendicular relation thereto, and an elongated perforating tool having a threaded end mating with said tube threads and formed of a metal harder than said wall, said tool having an integral concentric reduced diameter cylindrical tubular end portion, the free edge of said tubular portion lying in two oblique planes intersecting diametrically of said tubular portion to define aligned wall-engaging radial apices.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US82359559 US2990731A (en) | 1959-06-29 | 1959-06-29 | Fitting for perforating steel walled members |
FR866071A FR80028E (fr) | 1958-11-24 | 1961-06-26 | Procédé et dispositif pour percer des éléments à parois d'acier |
DE1961S0074544 DE1427032A1 (de) | 1958-11-24 | 1961-06-28 | Vorrichtung zum Durchbohren von Stahlwandungen od.dgl.,beispielsweise von Rohrleitungen |
NL128848D NL128848C (ko) | 1959-06-29 | 1961-06-29 | |
NL266509D NL266509A (ko) | 1959-06-29 | 1961-06-29 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US82359559 US2990731A (en) | 1959-06-29 | 1959-06-29 | Fitting for perforating steel walled members |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2990731A true US2990731A (en) | 1961-07-04 |
Family
ID=25239188
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US82359559 Expired - Lifetime US2990731A (en) | 1958-11-24 | 1959-06-29 | Fitting for perforating steel walled members |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US2990731A (ko) |
NL (2) | NL266509A (ko) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3130483A (en) * | 1962-04-27 | 1964-04-28 | Mueller Co | Service t and method and apparatus for closing same when in service |
US3142205A (en) * | 1962-11-15 | 1964-07-28 | Dresser Ind | Lubricated tapping t |
US3272211A (en) * | 1962-09-10 | 1966-09-13 | Mueller Co | Main and service line connection embodying a self-tapping nipple and an excessive-flow safety valve-method and apparatus |
US3277683A (en) * | 1964-02-25 | 1966-10-11 | M B Skinner Company | Punch for pipe tapping t fitting |
US3287997A (en) * | 1964-02-25 | 1966-11-29 | M B Skinner Company | Slug retaining pipe tap |
US5740829A (en) * | 1994-07-26 | 1998-04-21 | British Gas Plc | Method of sealing an outlet opening |
US5788414A (en) * | 1995-06-02 | 1998-08-04 | Bell Atlantic Network Services, Inc. | Fiber optic saddle |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1020302A (en) * | 1911-09-14 | 1912-03-12 | Charles H Metz | Belt-punch. |
US1881787A (en) * | 1930-12-11 | 1932-10-11 | Western Union Telegraph Co | Method of perforating the lead sheathing of conductor cables |
US2382639A (en) * | 1944-06-13 | 1945-08-14 | Harry M Kennard | Drill guide |
US2606615A (en) * | 1947-10-24 | 1952-08-12 | Simpson Logging Company | Hollow drill |
USRE24199E (en) * | 1956-08-21 | Piercing valve | ||
US2950637A (en) * | 1958-11-24 | 1960-08-30 | M B Skinner Company | Fitting for tapping steel walled members |
-
1959
- 1959-06-29 US US82359559 patent/US2990731A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1961
- 1961-06-29 NL NL266509D patent/NL266509A/xx unknown
- 1961-06-29 NL NL128848D patent/NL128848C/xx active
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
USRE24199E (en) * | 1956-08-21 | Piercing valve | ||
US1020302A (en) * | 1911-09-14 | 1912-03-12 | Charles H Metz | Belt-punch. |
US1881787A (en) * | 1930-12-11 | 1932-10-11 | Western Union Telegraph Co | Method of perforating the lead sheathing of conductor cables |
US2382639A (en) * | 1944-06-13 | 1945-08-14 | Harry M Kennard | Drill guide |
US2606615A (en) * | 1947-10-24 | 1952-08-12 | Simpson Logging Company | Hollow drill |
US2950637A (en) * | 1958-11-24 | 1960-08-30 | M B Skinner Company | Fitting for tapping steel walled members |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3130483A (en) * | 1962-04-27 | 1964-04-28 | Mueller Co | Service t and method and apparatus for closing same when in service |
US3272211A (en) * | 1962-09-10 | 1966-09-13 | Mueller Co | Main and service line connection embodying a self-tapping nipple and an excessive-flow safety valve-method and apparatus |
US3142205A (en) * | 1962-11-15 | 1964-07-28 | Dresser Ind | Lubricated tapping t |
US3277683A (en) * | 1964-02-25 | 1966-10-11 | M B Skinner Company | Punch for pipe tapping t fitting |
US3287997A (en) * | 1964-02-25 | 1966-11-29 | M B Skinner Company | Slug retaining pipe tap |
US5740829A (en) * | 1994-07-26 | 1998-04-21 | British Gas Plc | Method of sealing an outlet opening |
US5788414A (en) * | 1995-06-02 | 1998-08-04 | Bell Atlantic Network Services, Inc. | Fiber optic saddle |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NL128848C (ko) | 1970-05-15 |
NL266509A (ko) | 1964-07-10 |
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