US298884A - Injector - Google Patents

Description

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(Model.)

INJEGTOR.

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VILLIAM R. PARK, OF TAUN TON ASSIGNOR TO THE HANCOCK INSPIRATOR COMPANY, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

INJECTOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 298,884, dated May 20,1884.

Application Iiled September 17, 1883. (Model.)

To all when?, it may concern.'

Beit known that I, VILLIAM R. PARK, of Taunton, county of Bristol, State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Injectors, of which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specilication, like letters on the drawings representing like parts.

This invention, relating to an injector or ap- 1o paratus for raising and forcing iiuids by the action of a jet of steam or vapor, is embodied in an apparatus containing a nozzle for the admission of the actuating steam or vapor, a combiningtube and delivery-tube arranged r 5 axially in line therewith, a space being left between the nozzle and the mouth of the combining-tube communicating With the water or fiuid supply pipe. The combining-tube converges in the direction of the liow of the liq- 2o uid through it, and terminates in a ,short cylindrical passage, at the end of which the delivery-tube begins, the bore of which is conical, with its smallest diameter coincident with the end of the cylindrical passage.

The invention consists in the combination, with the said nozzle and combining and delivery tubes, of a movable controllingspindle passing longitudinally therethrough, and pro vided with enlargements,cylindrical and conical, by which the effective relative area of the nozzle for the admission of the actuating steam or vapor and the throat in the cylindrical passage between the combining and delivery tubes inay be governed, whereby the 3 5 instrument may be iirst made a liftingjet apparatus, which shall cause water to rise from a well or other source of supply and pass through the combining and delivery tubes in the same quantity,per unit of time, as required 4o by the instrument when operating as a forcing apparatus, and the instrument then, by the manipulation of the said spindle, be converted into a forcing apparatus, and by the further manipulation of the spindle be adjusted tol deliver water in such quantity as may be desired.

The'invention further consists in the combination, with said steam-nozzle, combiningtube, and delivery-tube, and controllingspin- 5o dle, of an overflow-cock located in a branch from the pipe leading to thefboiler between the discharge end of the delivery-tube and the usual cliecl-valve in said pipe; in supporting the said spindle in guides near the ends of the injector, whereby lateral motion of the spindle is prevented 5 and, further, in constructing the spindle in two parts and fastening them together within the instrument.

In this specification steam will be considered as the actuatingvapor and water as the 6o iluid to be raised and forced, though it is obvious that any vapor which will be condensed by contact with the fluid raised or forced can be used in the place of steam, and any fluid which will condense the actuating-vapor can be raised and forced thereby in this apparatus. For convenience of description, also, the apparatus will be considered as placed upright, with the steanrnozzle at the top, so that the flow of steam and water through the eom- 7o bining and delivery tubes shall be downward.

Injectors which are adapted to raise water from any considerable depth, as hitherto constructed, have had either a separate liftingjet apparatus or ejector, the action of which is discontinued after the forcing-j et or injector proper is at work; or a separate lifting-jet apparatus communicating with and constantly supplying water to a forcing apparatus; or, a lifting'jet apparatus, which, after the water 8o has been raised and set running through the combining and delivery tubes to the atmosphere or waste, is convertible into a fbrcing apparatus or injector proper;

My invention is an improvement in the last- 8 5 named class of instruments; and its object is to provide, in a single injector, a lifting apparatus which will raise water from as great a depth as can be done by any injector and deliver it in sufficient quantity, and which can 9o be easily converted into a forcing apparatus; and, further, to provide means for adjusting such forcing apparatus 'when in operation, so that it may act with steam of any desired pressure, and may be made to deliverl a small or large quantity of water at the will of the operator without impairing the certainty or efficiency of action of the apparatus.

Figure l is a longitudinalsection of an injector embodying my invention, showing the roo apparatus arrangedto raise water from :a well or other source of supply; Fig. 2, a crosssection thereof on the dotted line m x, Fig. l;

Fig. 3, a longitudinal section thereof with the controlling-spindle raised, showing the apparatus arranged to continue the flow of water from the well and to force it against a pressure greater than the initial pressure of the actuating-steam. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section thereof, with the controlling-spindle raised to its highest point, the instrument then delivering its minimum quantity, of water for `any given steam-pressure.

The injector comprises the water-chamber a, having an inlet, 2, connected with the well or water-supply, and also having inlet and outlet openings 3 and 4, vthe former containing the steam-nozzle b, held in place between the shoulder 9 in the piece a and the end of the steam-inlet chamber c, which is screwed into the piece a, as shown, and provided with an inlet-passage, 6, connected with the source of the steam.l The outlet-opening 4 of the water-chamber a has screwed into it a tube, (Z, within which is formed the tapering pas sage d and cylindrical passage d2 (together forming the combining-tube) and the deliverytube d3. The tube d is inserted through the opening 3 of the said chamber a before thev parts b c are connected therewith. The casing of the water-chamber c has below the outlet 4 an internally-threaded portion, 5, intov which a pipe, 10, is screwed. This pipe l0 surrounds the discharge end of the deliverytube d3, and is designed to be connected to the boiler. In a branch of this pipe, below the injector, is placed a cock or overflow-valve, z, to afford a temporary outlet to the atmosphere, and beyond the branch is the usual check-valve.

The steam-nozzle b is arranged axially with the combining-tube d' d2, and terminates at or near the mouth or inlet end thereof. The annular space between the steam-nozzle b and the internalV bore of the mouth of the combining-tube d formsa passage of constant area, through which water passes from the chamber a into the combining-tube d d2. The steamnozzle b is provided with a tapering seat, b v, decreasing in diameter in the direction from the steam-chamber c toward the water-chamber a, and the bore of the said nozzle increases in diameter from the said seat, irst, with an abrupt taper for a short distance, e t, and then with a less taper to the exit end of the nozzle. The upper portion of the combining-tube d decreases in diameter from its mouth, (which is at or near the exit end of the steamnozzle,)l

and terminates in the cylindrical passage di. The delivery-tube cl3 then begins, increases in diameter with a uniform taper, and continues to its exit end as a cylindrical tube. The passage of steam from the inlet-passage 6 and chamber c, through the steam-nozzle b, is first governed by the plug e, tapering reversely to the seat b', and formed at the lower end of a cylindrical enlargement, f, upon a controllingspindle, g g', which passes axially through the steam-nozzle, the combining-tube and its cylindrical passage d2, and delivery-tube, and is guided by the guides 7L it', the former iixed in chamber c, and the latter in a sleeve, t', surrounding the discharge end of the tube d, and screwed upon the threaded exterior thereof. The portion g of the controlling-spindle is screw-threaded to engage the interior thread of a nut, k, which is screwed into the end of the steam-chamber c. A handle, a, is attached to the stem m of the spindle, by rotating which the spindle i's caused to move longitudinally in the apparatus. The nut k is provided with a stuffing-box for packing the stem m. When the controlling-spindle is in its lowest position, the plug e is seated on its seat b c', and. the iiow of the steam into the steam-nozzle is prevented. Below the plug e the controllingspindle is cylindrical for a short distance, (designated by 0,) and is of a diameter slightly less than that of the smallest diameter of the inlet end of the .steam nozzle at c. The length of the cylindrical portion ois such that vthe steam-jet shall remain determined by the area between o and t until the plug e shall have been removed by the upward motion of the spindle far enough from its seat b to admit all the steam required for the maximum capacity of the steam-nozzle. Below the cylinder o the controlling-spindle continues for a distance about equal to the length of the cylindrical passage d2 as a cylinder, p, but of f less diameter than at o. At c it expands conically to a line at t, which has a diameter sufciently less than the diameter of the steamnozzle at t to cause, when the controlling-spindle is raised until t is in lthe same plane with t', as shown in Fig. 3, the area of the annular steam-j et thus formed to be the maximum area desired. rIhe length of the conical portion fu t is equal to that ofthe portion t t ofthe steam-nozzle, but the taper of c tis slightly greater than that of e t. The controlling-spindle is necked in, or slightly reduced indiameter, below the base of the conical portion@ t, and then gradually expands to a cylinder of the same diameter as at t, and continues for a distance a little more than the length of the combiningtube to q, when it again expands, forming a cone, r, of about the same taper as the deliv.

and terminates in a cylinder, which is sup.

ported in the guide h', before described. As the enlargements f and s on the controllingspindle are both of greater diameter than the opening in the steam-nozzle at t', the said spindle cannot be inserted from either end, and it is therefore made in two parts, the part g and all above it being inserted through the chamber c, and the part r s through the discharge end of the delivery-tube d3, after which the two pieces are irmly connected together, as by the screw-thread at 8.

The mode of operation of the injectoris as follows: rlhe controlling-spindle being in its roo y lowest position, so that the seat b', the operator first opens the overflowcockz in the branch of the pipe 10, and turns the handle n, thereby removing the plug c from its seat, and permitting steam to flow through the steam-nozzle. rIhe spindlewill then be in the position shown in Fig. l. In this position the effective area of the orifice in the steamnozzle is determined by the relative diameter of the cylindrical portion o of the controllingspindle, and that of the steam-nozzle at t. The annular orifice thus formed between o and c should have an area sufficiently less than the area of the throat formed at d5, between the tapering portion of the spindle at r and the exit end of the combining-tube, to constitute an effective lifting or ejector apparatus. The steam from the chamber c, issuing through the orifice at o', expands as it passes tothe exit end of the steam-nozzle b, and then enters the combining-tube d d?, continues through it, the delivery-tube (Z3, into the pipe 10, and out at the overflow-cock z, and rapidly exhausts the air from the water-chamber and the water-supply pipe, so that water rises from the well into the said water-chamber, and is caused to flow through the combining-tube d d2, the delivery-tube d3, the pipe 10, and out at the overflow-cock. The operation of the instrument as a lifting apparatus will continue until the entire cylindrical portion o of the controlling spindle is withdrawn from the plane c of the smallest diameter of the steamnozzle. When the flow of water in 'a solid stream at the overflow-cool; z is established, the operator continues to turn the handle n. rIhe effective area of the steam-nozzle remains constant so long as the cylindrical portion o is in the plane of fv; but the area of the throat at Z5 is gradually diminished as the spindle rises, and consequently the velocity of the dis` charged water is increased. The spindle being raised farther, the portion o of the controlling-spindle passes above the plane of c', and the smaller cylindrical portion p of the Vs indle comes abreast c' and the veffective area of the steam-nozzle is gradually increased to its maximum. At the same time the tapering portion o' of the spindle has been drawn into the cylindrical passage d2, and the area of the throat at d5 has been gradually diminished. rIhe increased quantity of steam now issuing through the steam nozzle accelcrates still more the velocity of the water discharged through the overflow. The effective area of the steam-nozzle, being now determined by the oriee formed between e and p,

will rein ainconstant and at its maximum until the line o on the controlling-spindle coincides with the plane` of e', at which point the tapering port-ion r of the spindle will have so contracted the throat at d5 that it will be of sufficiently less area than the area of the steamnozzle at c c that the instrument will constitute an effective forcing apparatus or injector proper.- If, now, the overflow-cock be closed,

plug c is upon its the discharged water will open the check-valve in the continuation of the pipe l0, and enter the boiler in a continuous stream. At this point-t1 c., when the line c on the controllingspindleis in the same plane with o, as shown in Fig. S--the relative areas of the orifice at c c attained, and likewise the smallest area of the throat at d5. rlhe instrument will then perform its smallest duty-z1 c., it will deliver its minimum quantity of water to the boiler. This position of thefinstrument is shown in Fig. 4. Between the eXtreme positions shown in Fig. 3 and in Fig. 4 the operator can place the controlling-spindle in different positions, so that the instrument shall deliver just the quantity of water desired. In all the positions between that which gives it its minimum capacity and that which gives it its maximum, the relative effective area of the steam-nozzle and of the throat at d5 remains constant, so that the single instrument may be made at will an instrument of small or large capacity, and at that without impairing its efficiency or economy of action. In the working of theinstrument the successive positions of thecontrolling-spindle may follow one another so quickly that the rise of the spindle shall be practically uninterrupted. By the time the cylindrical portion o of the spindle has been drawn above the plane of n the waterwill have risen from the well and will be discharging through the overflow-cock in a solid stream. rlhe further turning of the handle n will accelerate the flow of the discharged water, and when it has attained sufficient velocity to enable it to enter the boiler the operator will close the overflow-cock, and then can continue to turn the handle n until the controllingspindle is brought to a point at which the instrument shall deliver the desired quantity of water.

The positions of the spindle proper to secure any desired adjustment may be indi` cated by marks upon the spindle, and a pointer attached to the ease to register therewith, or by any other convenient means.

It will be observed that this instrument, when operating as a lifting apparatus, affords a throat at df of much greater area than the throat at the same point when the tapering portion r of the spindle is drawn into the cylindrical passage d2 of the combiningtube.

In single injectors as usually construe-ted the lifting-jet is compelled to act through the same area of throat at the exit end of the com- IOO IIO

bining-tube as is used when the forcing-jet is in action. The raising of the water by the action of the liftingjet is consequently performed much more slowly than in my injector, in which the area of the throat into which the lifting -jet issues is large enough to permit the passage of the water at the same quantity, per unit of time, that it will be driven through by the forcing -jet when performing its maximum duty.

The location of the overflow-cock in the branch 10, beyond the discharge end of the delivery-tube permits the combining and delivery tubes to be made continuous, so that there is no danger of breaking the jet near the throat. di, .as would be the case were the overflow-passage formed at that point. The support afforded by the guides h h to the controlling-spindle is of great advantage in insuring the constant working of the instrunient, for unless the spindle be held rigidly against any lateral motion the annular current surrounding the spindle will be so disturbed by any jar received by the instrument as to stop its action.

The conguration of the interiorsurfaces of the steam-nozzle, and combining and delivery tubes may be changed from the specific forms herein described, provided proper relative changes lon the contour of the controllingspindle are made.

I am aware that a spindle has been heretoj fore used in injectors, passing through the steam-nozzle, combining-tube, and into the mouth of the delivery-tube; but such spindle is designed to be withdrawn from the mouth of the delivery-tube when the instrument is in operation as an injector. In this class of instruments, furthermore, the overflow-escape is located between the combining and delivery tubes instead of beyond the delivery-tube, as in my apparatus.

I claim-- 1. In an injector, the combination, with a steam-nozzle, combining tube, and deliverytube, of a controlling-spindle movable longitudinally within such nozzle and tubes, and

having a contour relative to the interior surfaces of such nozzle and tubes, as described, whereby when the spindle is moved the area of the throat at the junction of the combining and delivery tubes isdecreased in proportion as the area for the inlet ofl steam at the nozzle is increased, and vice versa, substantially as and for the purpose described.

2. In an injector, the combination, with a steam-nozzle, combining-tube, and deliverytube, and a controlling-spindle movablelongitudinally within such nozzle and-tubes, of an overiiow-cock located between the discharge end of the delivery-tube and the check-valve in the pipe leading to the boiler, substantially as described. v

3. In an injector, the combination, with a steam-nozzle, combining-tube, and delivery' tube, of a controlling-spindle movable longitudinally within such nozzle and tubes, and a guide, h', therefor, located at or near the lower end of the said spindle, whereby the latter is maintained in accurate concentric position within the injector, substantially as described.

4. In an injector, the combination, with a steam-nozzle, combining -tube, and deliverytube, of a controlling-spindle of larger diameter near its ends than between said ends, made in two portions and fastened together within the injector, substantially as and for the purpose described.

5. In an injector, in combination with the steam-nozzle having an expanding bore, c t', a combining-tube, and the delivery tube d3, the controlling-spindle movable within said nozzle and tube, having the tapering enlargments c, t, and r, whereby the spindle may be adjusted to increase or decrease the quantity of water forced, substantially as shown and described.

' In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

WILLIAM R. PARK.

Witnesses: v

WILLIAM l-I. CooLrDGE, J. CoNvnRsE GRAY.

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