US2987654A - Voltage control system - Google Patents

Voltage control system Download PDF

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Publication number
US2987654A
US2987654A US676833A US67683357A US2987654A US 2987654 A US2987654 A US 2987654A US 676833 A US676833 A US 676833A US 67683357 A US67683357 A US 67683357A US 2987654 A US2987654 A US 2987654A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
voltage
rectifier
crystal rectifier
current
relay
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US676833A
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English (en)
Inventor
Voss Gustav
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens and Halske AG
Original Assignee
Siemens and Halske AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DES50566A external-priority patent/DE1028237B/de
Application filed by Siemens and Halske AG filed Critical Siemens and Halske AG
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2987654A publication Critical patent/US2987654A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M65/00—Testing fuel-injection apparatus, e.g. testing injection timing ; Cleaning of fuel-injection apparatus
    • F02M65/003—Measuring variation of fuel pressure in high pressure line
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
    • F02D41/32—Controlling fuel injection of the low pressure type
    • F02D41/36—Controlling fuel injection of the low pressure type with means for controlling distribution
    • F02D41/365—Controlling fuel injection of the low pressure type with means for controlling distribution with means for controlling timing and distribution

Definitions

  • This invention relates to voltage supervising or control systems and is particularly concerned with a circuit arrangement for increasing the sensitivity of electromagnetic relays for voltage supervision or control purposes.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a switching arrangement that makes it possible to operate supervision relays responsive to very small voltage fluctuations. It will be possible in this manner to effect voltage supervision within a relatively small tolerance range and to prevent, despite slow increase or decrease of voltage to be supervised, creeping contact actuation as it occurs ordinarily in such cases.
  • the objects of the invention are realized by the provision of a crystal rectifier operated in blocking direction and connected in series with an electromagnetic relay, and placing the working point of the rectifier within the region of the Zener voltage.
  • the working point of the crystal rectifier may be suitably adjusted by means of a voltage divider connected in parallel with the current source the voltage of which is to be controlled
  • Silicon diodes are particularly suitable for use as crystal rectifiers because they fulfill in a high degree the requirement of producing responsive to small voltage variations high current variations. Silicon diodes are in addition less sensitive to temperature influences than other semiconductors and a relatively constant temperature response may be expected in the operation thereof.
  • a crystal rectifier in blocking direction, advantageous to connect for the compensation of temperature errors a semiconductor with negative temperature coefficient cooperating with a voltage divider, ahead of the crystal rectifier which operates with a positive temper- Fatented June 6, 1961 ature coefiicient.
  • a suitably dimensioned selenium rectifier is, for example, suitable for this purpose.
  • FIG. 1 shows an example of the switching arrangement of the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows as an aid for explaining the invention, the voltage-current characteristic of a crystal rectifier in blocking direction for two different temperature ranges.
  • Letter U in FIG. 1 indicates the direct current source the voltage of which is to be supervised, as to predetermined voltage limits, by a relay R.
  • Relay R controls a contact r for governing the operation of a suitable device St which may be either a signaling device or an adjusting device operative to correct voltage fluctuations recognized by the actuation of relay R.
  • a crystal rectifier for example, a silicon diode rectifier K is connected in series with relay R.
  • a voltage divider comprising resistors W1, W2 and W3 serves for the adjustment of the working point of the crystal rectifier K. The voltage required for the resting position is obtained at the resistor W1.
  • the variable resistor W3 serves the purpose of matching the circuit with the supply voltage to be supervised.
  • the fixed resistor WZ disposed between the resistors W1 and W3 serves in conjunction with a parallel disposed selenium rectifier Se the purpose of compensating to a far-reaching extent temperature influences affecting the crystal rectifier.
  • the Zener voltage of the crystal rectifier will increase responsive to a temperature increase, for example, from T1 to T2, which characteristic is indicated in FIG. 1 by a plus sign.
  • a temperature increase for example, from T1 to T2
  • an increased resting voltage must be connected to the crystal rectifier K so as to maintain uniform operating conditions, which is effected by the selenium rectifier Se.
  • the resistance of the selenium rectifier Se will decrease responsive to temperature increase, which characteristic is indicated in FIG. 1 by a minus sign, causing an increase of the voltage across the resistor WI.
  • the original resting current accordingly continues to flow, that is, the desired working point of the crystal rectifier K is maintained in spite of the altered temperature conditions.
  • the winding of relay R which is in series with the crystal rectifier K is preferably of low resistance in order to alter the steep characteristic of the curve, caused by the Zener current, as little as possible. Since the capacity of the crystal rectifier is often limited, it is, in the case of series connection of relays operating with higher current, suitable to produce part of the current requirement for the control of the relays by constant preparatory energization at a value that does not cause operation thereof.
  • the crystal rectifier can then be loaded with a current supplying only the further energization that is required for eifecting operative actuation of the control relay.
  • the preparatory energization may be eifected by an additional winding PE placed on the relay R or, if desired, by premagnetization through the medium of a permanent magnet.
  • a circuit arrangement for increasing the sensitivity of an electromagnetic control relay comprising a voltage divider including a plurality of serially related resistors connected in parallel with said current source, a crystal rectifier operating in blocking direction with positive temperature coefiicient and con nected in parallel with one of said resistors with said control relay operatively connected between said crystal rectifier and said one resistor, said voltage divider setting the working point of said crystal rectifier which lies within the range of the Zener voltage, a device for compensating temperature influences affecting said crystal rectifier, said device comprising a semiconductor member operating with negative temperature coefficient, circuit means for connecting said semiconductor member in parallel with another one of said resistors, further circuit means for connecting said semiconductor member with said crystal rectifier, and control contact means governed by said control relay responsive to operative actuation thereof.
  • a structure and cooperation of parts according to claim 1, comprising means for producing constant preparatory energization of said control relay which is insufiicient to effect operative actuation thereof, the current flowing across said crystal rectifier causing further ener- A ⁇ gization of said control relay which is superimposed upon said preparatory energization and causes operative actuation thereof.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Rectifiers (AREA)
US676833A 1956-09-27 1957-08-07 Voltage control system Expired - Lifetime US2987654A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DES50566A DE1028237B (de) 1956-09-27 1956-09-27 Schaltungsanordnung zur Erhoehung der Spannungsempfindlichkeit elektromagnetischer Relais
DED0032394 1960-01-21

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2987654A true US2987654A (en) 1961-06-06

Family

ID=31979345

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US676833A Expired - Lifetime US2987654A (en) 1956-09-27 1957-08-07 Voltage control system

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US (1) US2987654A (enrdf_load_html_response)
BE (1) BE561146A (enrdf_load_html_response)
CH (1) CH352391A (enrdf_load_html_response)
FR (1) FR1187012A (enrdf_load_html_response)
GB (1) GB898238A (enrdf_load_html_response)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3133239A (en) * 1960-04-07 1964-05-12 Hertner Electric Company Temperature compensated controlled relay
US3168682A (en) * 1961-02-10 1965-02-02 Aston L Moore Supervisory system
US3213329A (en) * 1963-04-30 1965-10-19 Gen Electric Temperature sensor system

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2320536A1 (fr) * 1975-08-08 1977-03-04 Sv Sarl Metro Mesures Piezographe et procede de mise en oeuvre pour l'analyse du fonctionnement d'un moteur diesel
DE2932480A1 (de) * 1979-08-10 1981-02-26 Bosch Gmbh Robert Kraftstoff-einspritzduese fuer brennkraftmaschinen
DE3040811A1 (de) * 1980-10-30 1982-06-16 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Kraftstoff-einspritzduese fuer brennkraftmaschinen, insbesondere fuer dieselmotoren

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2693572A (en) * 1953-03-31 1954-11-02 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Current and voltage regulation
US2769131A (en) * 1953-10-30 1956-10-30 Westinghouse Electric Corp Motor acceleration system

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2693572A (en) * 1953-03-31 1954-11-02 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Current and voltage regulation
US2769131A (en) * 1953-10-30 1956-10-30 Westinghouse Electric Corp Motor acceleration system

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3133239A (en) * 1960-04-07 1964-05-12 Hertner Electric Company Temperature compensated controlled relay
US3168682A (en) * 1961-02-10 1965-02-02 Aston L Moore Supervisory system
US3213329A (en) * 1963-04-30 1965-10-19 Gen Electric Temperature sensor system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE561146A (enrdf_load_html_response)
FR1187012A (fr) 1959-09-04
CH352391A (de) 1961-02-28
GB898238A (en) 1962-06-06

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