US298687A

US298687A - Pressure-regulator

Info

Publication number: US298687A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1884-05-13
Anticipated expiration: 1901-05-13

Description

(No Modem pJ.-P. GOODING.

Y PRESSURE RBGLATOR.. Np. 298,687. Patented May 1s, 1884.'

lUrrnn JOHN F. GOODING, OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT.

PRESSURE-REGULATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 298,687, dated May 13', 1884.

Application tiled September 20, 1883. (No model.)

.To all whom t may conce/'11,:

Be it known that I, JOHN F. Goonrne, of New Haven, in the county of New Haven, and in the State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pressure-Regulators; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l shows a view in elevation of my regulator, Fig. 2, a ,vertical central section of the same 5 Fig. 3, a similar section of my regulator with a modified form of adjustable governor applied thereto, and Fig. 4 a similar section of the regulator with another form of adjustable governor.

Letters of like name and kind refer to like parts in each ofthe figures.

The object of my invention is to provide an improvement in pressureregulators; and to this end it consists in the construction, arrangement, and combination of parts as hereinafter described,and more specificall y pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings, A designates the casing of the regulator, to be made of brass or iron, and which, as shown, in general form, consists of a central spherical section with four cylindrical arms radiating therefrom. These arms are hollow, and the passages in them connect with the interior of the hollow spherical central portion. The horizontal hollow arm A on the high-pressure side of the regulator contains the entrancepassage a., and is provided with a screw-threaded portion adapted for attachment to the supply-pipe or niain by a suitable coupling. The other horizontal hollow arm, I3, is similarly provided with a screw-threaded portion, to enable it to be suitably connected with the pipes on the lowpressure side of the valve-that is, with the pipes or conduits in which the pressure is to be regulated. The upper vertical arm, C, is larger than the lower one, D, and its cylindrical bore is larger than that of the lat-ter.

The central spherical portion, E, of the easing is provided within with a partition or diaphragm, F, extending from side to side of the casing, so as to divide the interior into two separate portions, as shown. This partition F consists of the two vertical walls f and g and the horizontal part 7L. The upper vertical portion, f, is attached to the casing on the high-pressure side of the regulator, and the lower portion, g, to the casing on the lowpressure side. I/Vith this arrangement and construction the steam or fluid from the supplypipe or main passes in under the horizontal part h of the partition, dividing the high from the low pressure side of the valve. Through this horizontal part is a passage, G, provided with` the usual form of valveseat around its under edge. This opening is preferably circular, but may of course be made of other shapes, as desired. As shown, it is made smaller than the bore of the arm D, in order that the valve which is to close it may be of v the same size as said bore, as and for the purpose to be hereinafter set forth.

Upon the lower end of the arm D is a screwcap, H, provided with a small central passage or opening, 7s. The valverod K is provided with a valve-head, L, adapted to close with its upper face the openingGfroin below. The lowerface of this head is made llat and of' an area equal to that of the bore of arm D.

Upon the lower end of the valve-rod, and fitting within the bore of said arm,is a pistonhead, M. With this construction the area of the piston'head upon which the pressure -of the steam or fluid from the high-pressure side of the valve acts is equal to that of the valve-` head upon which such steam or fluid also acts, but in an opposite direction. The action of said steam or luid to force the piston or valve rod down by pressure upon the upper face of piston-head M is counterbalanced by the upward pressure upon the lower face of the valve-head L, and the valve-rod will consequently not be moved.

Upon the valve rod, which entends up through the opening in the partition and to or near the top of arm C, is a collar, c, between which and a nut, Z, screwed upon the upper end of the rod, is clamped and held the cup-shaped piston-head N, similar to the one on the lower end of the rod. This pistonhead lits and slides 'in the interior of the upper vertical arm, C. The area of thelower face of this pistoirhcad, upon which any steam or fluid above the partition F can act to press it up, is greater than that of thelower piston.

IOO

The valve-rod is provided with a small central longitudinal passage, O, extending throughout its length.

Upon the outside of the arm C, and near its upper end, is a flange, c', for a purpose to be hereinafter set forth. Upon the upper end of this arm is screwed or otherwise fastened, as desired, a cap, l?. This screws down so as to leave a small space between its lower end and the collar c. With the form of regulator which I prefer, thiscap is of such a length as toleave, when it is screwed down in place, a chamber or space above the end of the arm.

Threaded in and passing through the center of the top of the cap is the screw R. Upon the top of this screw is the hand or thumb wheel S, of the ordinary form.

Upon the lower end of the screw, and within the cap, is a plate, T, forming a follower. As shown, this plateis swiveledupon the end of the screw by means of a small screw passing through the plate and into the end of the screw R, `but it can obviously be attached in any other desired way without departing from my invention. A spiral spring, U, is placed between the follower-plate and piston-head,

so as to be compressed between them and bear down upon the latter. The amount of this pressure is regulated by turning the wheel S to raise or lower the follower. The central longitudinal passage, O, through the pistonv rod allows the iiow of air from and into the space above the piston-head as the rod and piston-head move up and down. It also serves to' draw off from the inclosed space any water or other fluid which may collect therein from leakage around the piston-head, and `to conduct the same down, so that it can flow out through the central opening in thelower cap, H. If desired, a small opening can be made in the upper cap, l?, so as to provide for the escape and infiow of air during the motions ofthe piston-head. In the modification sh own in Fig. 3 a different form of governor is used to regulate and adjust the amount of pressure acting to force the piston and valve rod downward. In this case the top cap, I), is shown as made shallower; but this is not necessary. An arm, Y, is provided with a ring or collar projecting at right angles from its lower end. This collar is adapted to t over the upper end of the arm C and down upon the collar c.

. The cap,when screwed down into place, clamps this ring between its lower end and said collar and holds it iirmly.

In the upper end of the arm V is pivoted the end of the weighted lever NV. A short rod, Y, passes up through a central aperture in the top of the cap. This rod, at its lower end, is formed with a nut, y, to screw upon the upper end of the piston or valve rod, as shown. At its lower end rod Y is provided with a short vertical passage, 1", forming a continuation of passage O when the nut y is screwed down in place. A transverse passage, y?, intersecting this vertical passage y',

is also provided in the short rod, opening into the space within the cap. Upon the upper end of this rod is screwed or otherwise fastcned an eye-nut, Z, through the eye of which passes the weighted lever, as shown. In the further modication shown in Fig. 4 the rod Y, as shown in Fig. 3, is made longer, so as to receive and hold upon it a series of removable weights, z z, resting upon a collar, z', on the' rod. InV the form shown in Fig. 3 the amount of downward pressure upon the valverod is of course regulated by changing the position of the weight on the lever, while in that shown in Fig. 4 it is regulated by adding to or removing some of the removable weights.

Instead of the pistons, diaphragms can be used having the valve-rod passing through and fastened to them. Said diaphragms can be attached at their edges to the casing by being clamped between the endsof the upper and lower hollow arms thereof and the respective caps or flanges within the latter.

As indicated above, the regulator can be made of brass, iron, or other metal,las desired.

The spiral spring I Jrind. is best made of phosphor-brass; but I do not limit myself to such material therefor.

The operation of my regulator is as follows: The steam or other fluid from the mains or supply-pipes enters the chamber a on the highpressure side of the valve. It passes in under the horizontal part of the partition F, and presses with equal pressure upon the lower face of the valve-head and the upper face of the lower piston, as the areas of these faces are equal. i With such construction and arrangcment the tendency of the pressure upon the high-pressure side of the valve to move the rod in either direction is overcome and counterbalanced, and the rod is left free to be moved downward by even a slight weight or pressure upon it from above. If then, by means of the screw with the follower or plate on its lower end, the spring be compressed so as to press upon the upper piston-head, or if weight be brought to bear upon the upper end of the Valve-rod, as in the modifications shown and described, the rod will be forced down and the valve opened, so that the steam or iiuid can iiow up and into the low-pressure side of the valve. Such iiow will continue until the pressure in the pipes on the latter side of the valve becomes sufiicient to press the upper piston-head upward against the downward pressure ofthe spring or weight. Such upward movement of the piston-head closes the valve again and prevents any increase of pressure in the pipes on the lowpressure side above the amount of pressure brought to bear upon the upper piston-head,

roo v IIO or directly upon the rod itself. At whatever regulator in which the spring is used, as it is very sensitive and can be used on vertical as well as horizontal pipes; but the other forms iu which the weighted lever and the series of weights are used willbe found advantageous for some purposes.

The form of regulator shown in Figs. l and 2, in which the spring is especially adapted to all work of moderate reduction from high 1o pressures, can be used in most instances; but where the reduction required is very great, where there is great difference between the pressure on the high and low pressure sides of the regulator, the form shown in Fig. 3 will be found more sensitive and better adapted for use. If the pressure on the supply side is low and the pressure on the low-pressure side is to be maintained nearly at the pressure of the atmosphere, the form shown in Fig. 4L can be advantageously used, and will be found very sensitive.

I do not claim herein as my invention, broadly, a valve-rod provided with a longitudinal opening or passage; nor do I claim a pressure-regulator which is not provided with means, substantially as shown and described hereinbefore, for allowing the ingress and egress of the air in the inclosed space above the piston-head on the valve-rod, and for drawing off any moisture that may collect in such space by leakage around the piston-head.

Having thus fully set forth the nature of my invention, what I claim vis l. In a pressure-regulator, the high and low pressure chambers, the dividing-partition provided with a connecting-opening, the hollow valve-rod passing through the opening and provided with a valve-head to close said opening on the high-pressure side of the dividingpartition, the piston or equivalent device attached to the rod acted upon by the pressure in the high-pressure chamber alone, and forced outward thereby with a force equal to that eX- erted by said pressure upon. the valve-head to force it and the rod inward to close the valve, the piston or equivalent device on the other end of the rod, adapted to be acted upon by the pressure in the low-pressure chamber to move the valve-rod so as to close the valve, and au adjustable spring device or its equivalent adapted to exert a yielding force upon the rod to move it so as to open the valve, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. In a pressureregulator, the high and low pressure chambers, the dividing-partition F, the valve-opening therein, the'valve-rod provided with a longitudinal passage, the valvehead thereon acting on the high-pressure side 6o of the partition, the piston on the outer end of the rod working in a cylinder open to the air beyond the piston, and having an area equal to that of the portion of the valve-head upon which the contents of the high-pressure chamber exert an inward pressure to close the valve, the piston on the other end of the rod working in a closed cylinder and adapted to be pressed outward by the pressure in the lowpressure cha-mber, so as to close the valve, and adjustable means for exerting a yielding pressure upon the valve-rod to move it so as to open the valve, all combined and operating substantially as shown and described.

3. rIhe combination of the casing having the central valve-chamber divided into the high and low pressure chambers and the upper and lower hollow cylindrical portions connected therewith, the valve-rod carrying at each end a piston-head working in one of the cylindrical portions, and provided with a longitudinal passage opening at each end into the space beyond the piston-head and outside of the valve-chamber, the cap closing the end of the upper cylindrical portion of the casing, and adjustable means for exerting a yielding. downward pressure on the valve-rod to open the valve against the action of the pressure in the pipes, substantially as and for the purpose described.

4. The combination of the casing having the central valve-chamber divided into the high and low pressure portions and having the upper and lower cylindrical chambers, the pistons working in the latter, the cap on the upper cylinder, the hand-screw working through the cap, the-follower thereon within said cap, the spring between follower and the top of the piston, and the valve-rod attached at each end to one of the pistons, and provided with a 1ongitudinal passage opening into the space beioo youd the pistons and outside of the valvechamber, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

5. In combination with the Valve, its operating-piston working in `a suitable cylinder, 105 the cap upon the cylinder for inclosing and holding the pressurespring and its adjusting mechanism in place, and the valve-rod provided with a longitudinal passage opening into the space above the piston and into the rio 4 open air below and outside of the valve-chamber, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand this 18th day of 115 September, A. D. 1883.

JOHN F. GOODING.

Vitncsses:

J. A. WILLIAMS, TIMOTHY J. CROWLEY.