US298438A - arnold - Google Patents

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US298438A
US298438A US298438DA US298438A US 298438 A US298438 A US 298438A US 298438D A US298438D A US 298438DA US 298438 A US298438 A US 298438A
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eccentric
shaft
disk
rack
steam
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
    • F16F15/32—Correcting- or balancing-weights or equivalent means for balancing rotating bodies, e.g. vehicle wheels
    • F16F15/36—Correcting- or balancing-weights or equivalent means for balancing rotating bodies, e.g. vehicle wheels operating automatically, i.e. where, for a given amount of unbalance, there is movement of masses until balance is achieved
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/21—Elements
    • Y10T74/211—Eccentric
    • Y10T74/2114—Adjustable

Definitions

  • the object of my invention is to provide in the valveoperating mechanism of a steamengine a reversing mechanism, in combination with a variable cut-off, for cont-rolling the admission anddistribution of steam to the cylinder that shall be simple and cheap to construct, durable and efficient to operate, with ready means of adjustment in case of wear or slight imperfections of workmanship, with the parts so arranged and operated that the throw of the eccentric may be varied, and in which the reversing mechanism is not subjected to wear when the engine is in operation.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the throw of the eccentric.
  • Fig.5 is a horizontal cross-section of the eccentric through the dotted line xx shown in Fig. 3.
  • Fig. 6 is an end view (next to the eccentric) of the disk.
  • Fig. 7 is an edge view of the disk.
  • Fig. Sis aview of the strap having trunnions, and adapted to fit the peripheral rib on the sliding sleeve.
  • Fig. 10 is an edge view of one of the ways attached to the disk, and Fig. ll'is aplan view of the sliding sleeve and the rack connected thereto.
  • D indicates the driving-shaft of an engine
  • A an eccentric of peculiar construction connected to the shaftin a particular way, and, as usual, rotating with the shaft.
  • This eccentric is in practice connected in any suitable way with the slide-valve of a steam-cylinder for opening and closing its ports; and I have not illustrated such connecting or valve mechanism because it is well understood and forms no part of my invention.
  • My invention consists in the peculiar construction of the eccentric and its connected parts upon the shaft for securing the useful results above recited, and is succinctly summed up in my appended claims.
  • My eccentric is an annulus or short hollow cylinder, having cast within it at one side a segmental body of metal, (I, provided with inclined teeth N, and having at one end suitable shoulders, supports, or guides B,adapted to admit of a sliding motion of the eccentric in'a direction transverse to the axis of the shaft.
  • a segmental body of metal I, provided with inclined teeth N, and having at one end suitable shoulders, supports, or guides B,adapted to admit of a sliding motion of the eccentric in'a direction transverse to the axis of the shaft.
  • the disk 0 indicates a disk or other suitable support for guideways O P, of any suitable character, secured to the disk by dowel-pins Q (see Fig. 10) and screw bolts R, or otherwise, and adapted to receive or serve as hearings or supports for the guides O P, and to sustain the eccentric and admit of its transverse sliding motion, as above mentioned, so as to shift its position and vary its eccentricity to the shaft.
  • the disk 0 may be provided with a hub, T, and a set'screw, e, for securing it to the shaft, or it may be otherwise fixed to the shaft in any suitable way.
  • the eccentric has no connection of any of its parts directly to the shaft, and that'it is only indirectly connected to the shaft through the instrumentality of the disk (3 and the guideways O P and guides B.
  • the result is that while it always rotates with the shaft and disk it may be slid back and forth at will transversely to the shaft, or it may be adjusted transversely to any desired position with respect to the shaft, and there fixed by means of a set-screw, f, and operated in that position as long as required.
  • I provide a sliding rack-bar, L, having inclined teeth M, adapted to mesh with the inclined teeth N of the eccentric.
  • This rack-bar is fitted into a suitable longitudinal slot in the shaft, (see Fig. 2,) and may be provided with any suitable means to enable an engineer to reciprocate it in its slot. It will be seen that as the rackbar is moved back and forth along the shaft,it will cause the eccentric to slide back and forth transversely in its ways-in other words, in a direction at right angles to that of the movement of the rack-bar. This will enable the engineer to instantly adjust the eccentric in any desired position with reference to the shaft, and it is obvious that the valve operated by the eccentric will be affected in its movements accordingly.
  • any suitable means may be adopted for sliding the rack-bar back and forth
  • I prefer the means illustrated in the drawings where is shown a sliding sleeve, F, secured to the rack-bar by means of set-screws g, and having a double-inclined annular projection or peripheral rib, G.
  • a fitting-strap, H Around this sleeve and rib is provided a fitting-strap, H, having a V-shaped groove, and composed of two parts united by screw-bolts h, as shown.
  • This construction of the sleeve and strap may -be modified at will; but it is well adapted to retain a lubricant, exclude dust and dirt, and admit of adjustment by means of the screwbolts when worn.
  • the strap H is provided with trunnions J,to connect it with the bifurcated arms of a bell-crank lever, K, or such other suitable mechanism as may enable it to be easily controlled by an engineer.
  • S indicates a section of a lever, which may be employed to move the bell-crank lever, and consequently the sleeve, rack-bar, and eccentric.
  • the shaft turns the sleeve within the strap H, and that all of the parts except the strap and its operating-levers revolve with the shaft.
  • an engineer is given perfect control of the position of the eccentric with reference to the shaft. He can set it and retain it at a given point, or he can move it back and forth within the range of its sliding capacity at will.
  • adjustable stops E consisting of set-screws provided with jamnuts, as well shown in Fig. 3. These set-screws project into the hollow part of the eccentric on opposite sides of the shaft. and are adjusted to define the proper limit of sliding movement of the eccentric in its supports. At its midposition and least eccentricity, the eccentric, having an amount of throw equal to the lap and lead of the valve as it is moved in either direction from this position when in motion, acquires an amount of throw and the valve a corresponding amount of travel equal to the desired opening of ports.
  • steam may be cut off at any desired point of the stroke by shifting the eccentric, and if it is then shifted back to the opposite side of its mid-position the steam acting on the piston is released, and the port opened for admitting steam to the opposite side of the piston, thereby reversing the motion of the engine.
  • An adjustable and shifting eccentric in combination with a revolving shaft and disk, and a sleeve and rackbar sliding longitudinally on said shaft for the purpose of actuating said eccentric, said sleeve having a pcripheral rib and strap provided with trunnions, and adapted to fit the sleeve, and of such a shape as to retain oil, exclude dirt, and admit of adjustment when worn, as described.

Description

2 Shee ts.Sheet 1.
(No Model.)
B. ARNOLD.
STEAM ENGINE VALVE GEAR.
No. 298,438. Patented May 13, 1884.
U, R g f fizUezzZal:
N. PEYERS. Phol (No Model.) '2 sheets sheet 2.
B. ARNOLD.
STEAM ENGINE VALVE GEAR.
No. 298,438. I Patented May 13, 1 884.
lUNr'rnn STATES Aren't Fries BISHOP ARNOLD, OF AUBURN, NElVYORK.
STEAM-ENGINE VALVE-GEAR.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 298,438, dated May 13, 1884.
I Application filed May 1, 1883. (N model.)
To wZZ Lu/tom, it 17mg concern.-
Be it known that I, BIsHoP ARNOLD, a citizen of theUnited States, residing at the city of Auburn, in the county of Cayuga and State of New York, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam Engine Valve- Gears, of which the following is a specification.
Heretofore among the defects in the valveoperating mechanism of steam-engines has been the condition that the reversing mechanism was constantly subjected to wear while the engine was in operationa fact noticeable with the various linkmotions-and that in consequence of wear and lost motion in the valve gears and actuating mechanism the movements of the slide-valves become deranged, which causes variations in the throw and lead of the valves, and unequal admission and distribution of steam. Again, the parts have generally been numerous, complicated. and costly to construct.
The object of my invention is to provide in the valveoperating mechanism of a steamengine a reversing mechanism, in combination with a variable cut-off, for cont-rolling the admission anddistribution of steam to the cylinder that shall be simple and cheap to construct, durable and efficient to operate, with ready means of adjustment in case of wear or slight imperfections of workmanship, with the parts so arranged and operated that the throw of the eccentric may be varied, and in which the reversing mechanism is not subjected to wear when the engine is in operation. I attain these objects by the mechanism illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a plan view of the entire device. Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal section of the same. Fig. 3 is an end view of the eccentric and disk, showing the shaft in section. Fig. 4 is a diagram illustrating the throw of the eccentric. Fig.5 is a horizontal cross-section of the eccentric through the dotted line xx shown in Fig. 3. Fig. 6 is an end view (next to the eccentric) of the disk. Fig. 7 is an edge view of the disk. Fig. Sis aview of the strap having trunnions, and adapted to fit the peripheral rib on the sliding sleeve. a horizontal section of the sliding sleeve, show-= Fig. 9 is ing the rack connected thereto. Fig. 10 is an edge view of one of the ways attached to the disk, and Fig. ll'is aplan view of the sliding sleeve and the rack connected thereto.
Referring to the letters upon the drawings, in aid of a detailed description of my improvements, D indicates the driving-shaft of an engine, and A an eccentric of peculiar construction connected to the shaftin a particular way, and, as usual, rotating with the shaft. This eccentric is in practice connected in any suitable way with the slide-valve of a steam-cylinder for opening and closing its ports; and I have not illustrated such connecting or valve mechanism because it is well understood and forms no part of my invention.
My invention consists in the peculiar construction of the eccentric and its connected parts upon the shaft for securing the useful results above recited, and is succinctly summed up in my appended claims.
My eccentric is an annulus or short hollow cylinder, having cast within it at one side a segmental body of metal, (I, provided with inclined teeth N, and having at one end suitable shoulders, supports, or guides B,adapted to admit of a sliding motion of the eccentric in'a direction transverse to the axis of the shaft.
0 indicates a disk or other suitable support for guideways O P, of any suitable character, secured to the disk by dowel-pins Q (see Fig. 10) and screw bolts R, or otherwise, and adapted to receive or serve as hearings or supports for the guides O P, and to sustain the eccentric and admit of its transverse sliding motion, as above mentioned, so as to shift its position and vary its eccentricity to the shaft. The disk 0 may be provided with a hub, T, and a set'screw, e, for securing it to the shaft, or it may be otherwise fixed to the shaft in any suitable way.
It will be observed that the eccentric has no connection of any of its parts directly to the shaft, and that'it is only indirectly connected to the shaft through the instrumentality of the disk (3 and the guideways O P and guides B. The result is that while it always rotates with the shaft and disk it may be slid back and forth at will transversely to the shaft, or it may be adjusted transversely to any desired position with respect to the shaft, and there fixed by means of a set-screw, f, and operated in that position as long as required.
In order to cause the shifting of the eccentric at will,when the set-screw f is not screwed down to hold it at a given point, I provide a sliding rack-bar, L, having inclined teeth M, adapted to mesh with the inclined teeth N of the eccentric. This rack-bar is fitted into a suitable longitudinal slot in the shaft, (see Fig. 2,) and may be provided with any suitable means to enable an engineer to reciprocate it in its slot. It will be seen that as the rackbar is moved back and forth along the shaft,it will cause the eccentric to slide back and forth transversely in its ways-in other words, in a direction at right angles to that of the movement of the rack-bar. This will enable the engineer to instantly adjust the eccentric in any desired position with reference to the shaft, and it is obvious that the valve operated by the eccentric will be affected in its movements accordingly.
While, as above stated, any suitable means may be adopted for sliding the rack-bar back and forth, I prefer the means illustrated in the drawings, where is shown a sliding sleeve, F, secured to the rack-bar by means of set-screws g, and having a double-inclined annular projection or peripheral rib, G. Around this sleeve and rib is provideda fitting-strap, H, having a V-shaped groove, and composed of two parts united by screw-bolts h, as shown. This construction of the sleeve and strap may -be modified at will; but it is well adapted to retain a lubricant, exclude dust and dirt, and admit of adjustment by means of the screwbolts when worn. The strap H is provided with trunnions J,to connect it with the bifurcated arms of a bell-crank lever, K, or such other suitable mechanism as may enable it to be easily controlled by an engineer.
S indicates a section of a lever, which may be employed to move the bell-crank lever, and consequently the sleeve, rack-bar, and eccentric. It will be observed that the shaft turns the sleeve within the strap H, and that all of the parts except the strap and its operating-levers revolve with the shaft. The result is that, by means of the levers just described, an engineer is given perfect control of the position of the eccentric with reference to the shaft. He can set it and retain it at a given point, or he can move it back and forth within the range of its sliding capacity at will.
The lon itudinal motion of the slidin sleeve 6 b F upon the shaft D is changed by means of the connected rack L, having inclined teeth M, meshing in corresponding teeth, N, in the ec centric A to a transverse or diametrical motion of the eccentric upon the face of the disk 0.
It is to be understood that the construction and relations of the eccentric and its connections to the shaft are such that the center of the eccentric must always be away from the center of the shaft a distance equal to the amount of lap and lead of the valve. In Fig. 4 the distance from the center of the shaft D to line a Z) indicates a distance which may be assumed to be equal to such lap and lead in a given case.
In order to take up lost motion and compensate for wear or imperfections of workmanship, I provide adjustable stops E, consisting of set-screws provided with jamnuts, as well shown in Fig. 3. These set-screws project into the hollow part of the eccentric on opposite sides of the shaft. and are adjusted to define the proper limit of sliding movement of the eccentric in its supports. At its midposition and least eccentricity, the eccentric, having an amount of throw equal to the lap and lead of the valve as it is moved in either direction from this position when in motion, acquires an amount of throw and the valve a corresponding amount of travel equal to the desired opening of ports. Consequently, steam may be cut off at any desired point of the stroke by shifting the eccentric, and if it is then shifted back to the opposite side of its mid-position the steam acting on the piston is released, and the port opened for admitting steam to the opposite side of the piston, thereby reversing the motion of the engine.
Having thus described the construction and operation and advantages of my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is
' 1. An adjustable and shifting eccentric, in combination with a revolving shaft and disk, and a sleeve and rackbar sliding longitudinally on said shaft for the purpose of actuating said eccentric, said sleeve having a pcripheral rib and strap provided with trunnions, and adapted to fit the sleeve, and of such a shape as to retain oil, exclude dirt, and admit of adjustment when worn, as described.
2. The combination, with the shaft D, of cocentric A, provided with inclined teeth and guides 13, and disk 0, provided with guideways I and the rack-bar L, substantially as set forth.
3. The combination of the shaft D, the sliding sleeve F, provided with the V-rib, the strap H, adapted to fit the same, and connected by trunnions to the bifurcated arm of the bellcrank lever K, the rack-bar L, and the eccentric A, each provided with inclined teeth, and the latter provided with guides B. and the disk 0, provided with the guideways O P, as shown and described.
In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name this th day of April, A. D. 1883.
BISHOP ARNOLD.
\Vi tn esses:
A. O. JAHREN, BERNIIARD N. STERNBERG.
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