US298263A - Jacob bloom ybagley - Google Patents

Description

' Fries,

STATES PATENT JACOB BLOOM YEAGLEY, OF INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA.

HYDRAULIC RAM.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 298,263, dated May 6, 1884.

1 Application filed January 12 1884. No modeL) To all whom it may concern.- twenty.() and thirty ('30) feet high, respect Be it known that I, JACOB BLOOM YEAG- I ively, while it is much less where buildings LEY, a citizen of the United States of Ameri-' stand on still greater ground elevations, while ca, residing at Indianapolis, in the county of with my apparatus, under the same condi- 5 Marion and State of Indiana, have invented tions, water can be raised in pipes automaticertain new and useful improvements in an cally to any required height ordinarilypracautomatic apparatus for raising water to a tical, the amount of water thus raised being higher level in pipes connected with watergoverned, first, by the pressure in the pipe works mains than the hydrostatic-pressure leading to my apparatus of'given size; sec- 10 level of water-works,- andl do hereby declare 0nd, by the size of the apparatus and correthe following to be afull, clear, and exact desponding size of the pipe leading to the wascription of the invention, such as will enable ter-works main with a given pressure, and,

others skilled in the art to which it appertains third, the height to which the water is reto make and use the same. quired to be. raised under a given pressure I 5 This invention relates to certain new and with a given apparatus. The pressure or 6-: useful improvements in apparatus for raising force of my apparatus may be increased or water automatically in pipes connected to and decreased under the same water-works press communicating with water-works pipes or ure simply by adjusting it higher or lower mains to a higher level than the hydrostatic-' on the pipe leading to the main, and under 2o pressure level of water-works, and more para high waterworks pressure my apparatus ticularly' to improvements on my former patworks very rapidly, and an extraordinary ent'dated September 25,1883, and numbered pressure-power of several thousand pounds 285,774, as also on my formerapplication now on the square inch maybe obtained, propending, filed in the United States Patent videdtheapparatus and pipes leading from it 25 Ofifioe October 20, 1883, and relating more are made strong enough to resist suchapress- 7 5 especially to improvements of some of the me, and water under such a pressure could parts, and in the adaptation for the raising be raised not only hundreds but thousands and distribution of water in buildings having of feet high. The cause of this is clearly to water works pipes connection, the Waterbe seen in the construction and mechanical op- 0 works pressure being insuificient ordinarily erations of the apparatus under such a hy- 8 to raise water in pipes to the upper stories of drostatic pressure, which may be regarded as the highest class of buildings in many of our a vertical one (the pipe being free from short larger cities, except, probably, in cases of turns)as, for instance, if the water-works I emergency, when the fire-bell is sounded, callpressure is sufficient to raise and maintain wa- 35 ing out the fire-department to extinguish a ter in a pipe about one hunred and fifty (150) fire, or for some other extraordinary emerfeet high, equal to about seventy-five (75) gency, when the full water-works-pressure pounds pressure on the square inch, the wapoweris applied, Where the Holly water-works ter would issue from the bottom of the pipe system is employed, while the reservoir syswith a velocity of more than ninety-six (96) o tem would raise water only about as high as feet per second, provided the pipe is kept con- 0 the surface-water in the reservoir. 4 stantly full, which is the case under a constant The object of my invention in the applicauniform pressure above stated; and since the tion of my apparatus is to raise water automomentum or quantity of motion is the weight matically into the upper stories or on the of the moving mass multiplied by its velocity,

5 roofs of the highest buildings under a very and since the initial velocity in such a case is low or ordinary water-works pressure under also its maximum or final velocity, because it either of above named systems, being no is a well-known principle that the velocity of greater, for instance, than ten (10)or fifteen a stream flowing from an orifice is the same,

(15) pounds on the square inch, raising water theoretically, as that acquired byaheavy body 50 under such pressurein pipesin buildingsabout falling freely from a height equal to the dis- 10o tance from the surface of theliquid to the orifice, or, in other words, equal to the head of the liquid, the head being the vertical distance from the center of the orifice to the surface of the liquid, hence from these facts it is readily seen what power and velocity may be obtained from and under such conditions when hydro-mechanically applied,as in my apparatus, which will be hereinafter more fully described in its operations.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a vertical section through a house or other building, showing my improvements as applied to the water works pipe; Fig. 2, an enlarged vertical sectional view of the waste-water receiver inclosing etliuxcylinder and check-valve.

The apparatus A is constructed similarly to my forlner patent and pending application before referred to, having an effluX-cylinder, 1 provided with a check-valve, a, and air chamber A, )rovided with valve to, said chambers being connected by a short cross-pipe, I), connected to the pipe B at right angles externally, but communicating internally, so that the intersecting orifice is formed to comply with the contraction of the fluid-vein to in crease the velocity; also, a plug, 1), for closing drain-opening in bottom of supply-pipe 0 represents the supply-pipe leading from apparatus to the tank E.

D represents pipe leading from tank E to any desired room or rooms or apartments of the building or buildings to be supplied.

F represents a tank supplied from effluxcylinder waste-water receiver I through pipe H.

K represents a double perforated top or cover of the waste-water receiver, with openings alternating, or not coinciding with each other, and so arranged as to prevent water from being thrown through from the effluxcylinder, and yet to admit air freely through the openings or perforations.

D is supply pipe leading from tank 1* down to the first floor, or any apartments below tank, where water may be required.

S S are stop-cocks to draw water from supply-pipes C and D.

Y Y represent overflow-pipes of tanks E and F, leading to other water-saving receivers, if desired, or may be drained off on or in the ground; or the apparatus may be stopped working when the tanks are full by closing either of the stop-cocks G.

The apparatus should be adjusted on the water-works pipe 13, so as to dispense with elbows or short turns in the pipe leading to the apparatus, which is easily done by placing the side of the apparatus against the wall of the building, instead of its end, as shown in the drawings, which is so drawn simply to show more clearly all the parts of the apparatus. This will then also avoid the turning of the pipe 0 at the apparatus leading to the tank E, and thus give the apparatus much more power.

The apparatus being placed in the desired positionfor instance, ten (10) or fifteen (15) feet or more below the statical water-works pressure--and the tanks and the pipes arranged as may be desired, bearing in mind that the tank F must be placed at least its own height lower than the apparatus A, so as to have a free flow of the waste water into it through pipe H. For ordinary purposes, even in large buildings where much water is need-.

ed, the ordinary-sized water-pipes are used above the apparatus, and the apparatus need be no larger than an ordinary gas-meter,weighing only from fifty to sixty pounds, while the pipes leading to the apparatus must always correspond with the size of the apparatus employed. The supply-pipe running from the apparatus to the tank E may also be used to supply water to the different rooms or apartments through the stop-cocks S S, as well as to supply the tank. All having been arranged ready for operation, the stop-cock Gbelow the apparatus A is opened. The water will enter the apparatus with a force theoretically conditioned on the principles above eXplai11ed,1naking allowance, however, for changes of flow in the apparatus when in operation. The eillux checlevalve a within the el'flux-eylinder i is instantl y carried upward by the pressure and current of the water, and instantly closing the efflux-cylinder orifice. The water,having by this time been put in rapid motion, and havingno means of escape, forces open the air-chamber valve to, (which opens upward,) caused by the momentum of the current in the pipe, the airchamber valve being in line with the current, while at the same time a part of the water in the short connecting cross-pipeb,com1nunicating with the efi'luX-cylinder, is drawn out, as well as the water in the efliux-cylinder, below the check-valve by force of the rapid and strong flow over the area of the intersecting orifice of the short cross-pipe b into the air chamber A, thus forming a partial void or vacuum in the short cross-pipe I) and efiluxcylinder under the check-valve, the water having been carried into the air-chamber, thesudden condensation of the air in the air-chamber by the momentum of the stream aiding in its operations, thus reducing the pressure in the e'lflux-eylinder below the external atmospheric pressure, which forces down the check-valve, its dropping or opening not depending on its weight, no matter how great the statical pressure of the water may be. The effluxvalve is thus then made to drop instantly, and opening not by its weight only, but is forced down by external atmospheric pressure or suctionfl as above explained. The efiluX-cylinder orifice being thus opened, and the water or current having expended its effective force into the air-chamber, the air-chamber valve is made to close by the pressure above it, when the water again rushes to the effiuxcylinder orifice, but is again instantly refused egress by the check-valve closing the orifice,

the maximum pressure being again directed I upon whose pipes it may be placed should elect 55 upon the air-chamber valve, because itisin the direct line of the current, moving with great velocity and consequent powerful momentum, especially under a high head or pressure, again causing the water in the short cross-pipe and efflux-cylinder to be dragged or drawn out by the rapidly-flowing current-over the intersecting orifice of the cross-pipe andsudden condensation of the air in the air-chamber, thus again causing avoid or vacuum, as above explained, causing the efliux checkvalve again to open, as before, and so on automatically, in rapid succession of but little variation in the same apparatus under the same pressure. The greater the pressure, however, the more rapid and powerful will the appatus work on the principles above explained. It will thus be seen that it is not only a hydraulic device alone, but combines a very important pneumatic principle, without which the apparatus would be inoperative, constituting by the employment of these two very important and valuable forces, governed by the physical force of gravity, really a hydropneumatic apparatus. By these successively rapid impulses, varying from one hundred to several hundred pulsations per minute, increasing and decreasing as the pressure varies in the pipe to which the apparatus is attached, (which I have proven by practical demonstration with my new apparatus,) the water is forced out of opening under the air-chamber into the supply-pipe O, and from it in a steady stream, caused by the atmospheric condensation in the upper part of the air-chamber. A stopcock may to good advantage be placed inthe supply-pipe a little above the apparatus, as well as below it, and then by'opening the drain-plug and efflux-valve fresh air may be had to fill the air-chamber, as well as to wash out the inside of the apparatus, the latter being easily done by taking out the drainplug and opening the lower stop-cock.

The application of the practical utility of this apparatus is not only for a sure and cheapwater-supply for domestic purposes, butis also an excellent and a valuable protection against fire, as the tanks may be large and kept constantly full to successfully meet such an emergency. Again,it must be'borne in mind that the waste waterfrom the efflux-cylinder is not a loss or expense to be charged against the apparatus, even though any water-works company to put a water-meter on the pipe supplying the apparatus. The waste water canbe used in the lower parts of the building as advan- I do not wish to be understood as claiming,

broadly, in this case anything shown, de-

scribed, or claimed in my former patent and pending. application before referred to.

Having thus fully described my invention,

what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The combination of the water-works pipe B, supply-pipe O, tank E, supply D, tank F, waste-water receiver L-pipe H, and apparatus A, consisting of the efflux-cylinder z, valved air-chamber A, and connecting cross-pipe 11, substantially as and for the purpose herein shown and described.

2. The combination of the water-Works supply-pipeB with main connection, supply-pipe C, apparatus A, consisting of the efflux valved cylinder '5, valved air-chamber A, and connecting cross-pipe b,.tl1e waste-water receiver I, pipe H, and tank F, substantially as and for the purpose herein shown and described.

3. The combination of the water-works supply-pipe B with main connection, supply-pipe 0," intermediate apparatus, A, consisting of the effiux valved cylinder 72, valved air-chamber A, cross-pipe b, and waste-water receiver I, having double perforated top K, with alternating openings, substantially as and for the purpose herein shown and described.

4. The combination of the water-works supply-pipe B, communicating with main pipe, apparatus A, constructed substantially as described, supply-pipe O, tank E, supply-pipe D, tank F, and supply-pipe D, substantially as'and for the purpose herein shown and described. v

In testimony whereof I amx my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JACOB BLOOM YEAGLEY.

Witnesses:

O. FRIEDGEN, N. L. ALLEN.

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