US2978245A - Toys - Google Patents

Description

D. G. REMPEL April 4, 1961 TOYS 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed March 10, 1959 INVENTOR Dietrich G. Rempel W0 ATTORNEYS D. G. REMPEL April 4, 1961 TOYS 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed March 10, 1959 INVENTOR Dietrich G. Rempel BY flaw! W ATTORNEYS D. G. REMPEL April 4, 1961 TOYS 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed March 10, 1959 INVENTOR Dietrich G Rempe! Y ATTORNEYS D. G. REMPEL April 4, 1961 TOYS 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed March 10, 1959 INVENTOR Dietrich G. Rempel BY ATTORNEYS April 4, 1961 D. G. REMPEL 2,978,245

INVENTOR Dietrich G. Rempel BY m W V F M M ATTORNEYS United States Ptent TOYS Dietrich Gustaf Rempel, Akron, Ohio, assignor to Rempel lgltllnufacturing, Inc., Akron, Ohio, a corporation of i Filed Mar. 10, 1959, Ser. No. 798,437 '8 Claims. Cl. 272-52 This invention relates to improvements in hollow toys made of plastic'materials and supporting structures therebars at the neck of the toy that can be grasped by the hands of a child seated in the saddle.

The invention also relates more particularly to hollow plastic toys such as a pony, etc., having therein a framework, including a saddle and neckpiece rigidly secured together and with handle members secured to the neckpiece, and with one or more downwardly extending supporting members for the saddle and neckpiece, to-

gether with a supporting frame secured thereto and having footrests thereon to-provide a saddle, hand members and foot: supports rigidly connected together. I

-The' invention also includes an improved spring-sup ported frame made up of frame members including spring supports for the toy, which frame can readily be shipped in an unassembled form and readily assembled for supporting the toy.

The improved toys, in the case of the rocking toys, include not only the hollow yieldable toys of plastic materials but also the supports inside the hollow toy, including the saddle support, or the saddle and neckpiece, and the rocking support by which thetoy is supported to permit rocking of a rider of the toy. Difierent kinds of rocking supports can be used but in all cases the toy is secured thereto and supported therefrom by the vertical supporting member, which in turn supports the saddle, or saddle and neckpiece, located within the hollow toy.

The toy itself, with a spring-supported frame, is a hollow toy made of plastic material, and more particularly, of rubber, such as a pony having therein a supporting framework including a saddle and neckpiece, with one or more depending support members therefor and with a -spring-supported frame secured to the depending member or members and located below the level of the pony for supporting the .same.

The toy is advantageously a rubber or other plastic toy made from flexible rubber latex, or other plastics by a compound rotation process such as described in my pn'or Patents Nos. 2,469,892, 2,603,836 and 2,629,130,

' in which the latex is inserted in the proper amount in The toy can also be made of other plastic material such as placticizedpolyvinyl chloride by a compound rotation process in metal molds, as described, for example, in US. Patent No. 2,624,072.

The toy is molded with a saddle portion adapted to receive the supporting saddlemember for supporting the toy and a child seated thereon. A neckpiece member is also provided, which is secured to the saddle member.

and support and to which hand-hold members are secured, to be engaged by the child seated on the toy. The

' toy is provided with one or more downwardly extending supporting members extending below the toy and supporting the internal frame, i.e., the saddle and neck member.

The toy can be formed by compound rotation in the molds *and the saddle and neckpiece subsequently inserted through an opening made in the bottom of the molded toy. The saddle, or the saddle and neckpiece, can also be located within the mold and away from the walls of the mold when the toy is being formed by compound rotation, as described in companion application Ser. No. 642,822.

Whether the saddle, or saddle and neck member, are located within the toy while it is made by the compound rotation casting method, or whether these frame members are inserted through an opening in the bottom of the toy after it has been formed by the compound rotation casting process, they are supported by one or more downwardly extending support members such as one or more rods or tubes extending downwardly from the completed toy for supporting the same. And the downwardly extending supporting member or members are secured to a rocking support or a frame structure which is located below the pony or other toy and which has, as a part thereof, foot rests for the rider, located at a lower level than the body of the toy, so that a rider on the toy with hands engaging the hand bars connected to the neck member and with feet mounted on the foot supporting member has these members rigidly secured to each other and to the saddle support so that these are held in the same relative position. And the toy, such as the pony or rocking toy, is otherwise unsupported and is yieldable to pressure by the knees of the rider or by pressing with the hand of the rider. And the neck of the pony or other toy is flexible and, with a bridle on the head of the pony, the neck can be moved by pulling the reins and will return to normal position on release of the reins.

The supporting frame for the pony or other toy is advantageously a knock-down frame with upper frame members secured to the depending support of the pony and having foot rests on a portion of the frame. The frame is also one which is advantageously telescoped together to form a stationary lower supporting frame to which the upper frame members, secured to the pony, are supported by four springs.

The lower supporting frame is advantageously made up of piping having upwardly extending portions, to the tops of which the springs are secured, and lower portions welded together and telescoping into a sleeve member. The end members and the sleeve member can be shipped separately in the same carton as the pony and readily telescoped together to form the lower supporting frame to which the springs secured to the upper supporting portion of the frame are secured.

. This method of supporting the pony or other toy is such that a child mounted on the saddle of the pony and with hands secured to the hand bars on the neck of the pony and with feet on the upper frame member can ride the pony and cause movement of the pony by a bucking or other action on the stationary lower frame through the action of the supporting springs.

The toy is advantageously in the form of a pony with a saddle portion supported by the saddle frame member and hand bars secured to the neck frame member. And the foot rests or supports on the upper frame member are so located as to approximate the location of the feet in a stirrup.

The supporting frame of the rocking toy, for permitting rocking of the toy is also advantageously a knockdown frame with frame members which can readily be taken apart to permit shipping in the same container as the toy and readily assembled when the toy is to be used. The rocking support for the toy may, when assembled, be a rigid rocking structure with curved supporting member on which the toy will rock, and with all of the supporting frame located well below the toy itself.

Another advantageous form of rocking support is one in which the toy is pivotally supported on a stationary lower frame, and with springs connected to the stationary frame and to the rocking support for the toy to permit rocking of the rider on the toy in the stationary supporting frame.

In making the hollow rubber toys with the use of flexible rubber latex, the molds are advantageously made of two side members for the sides of the pony, together with an intermediate or lower member for the lower portion of the pony located between the legs. The method of molding the pony is by inserting the proper amount of latex in the molds, made of absorbent material such as plaster of Paris, and with compound rotation of the molds around two axes at right angles to each other, such as described in said prior patents, and with subsequent further drying of the molded toys before removing them from the molds, with further drying and curing after removal from the molds.

In the molding method described in said companion application, the saddle frame support, or both the saddle and the neckpiece, are located in the mold away from the sides of the mold and held in position during the compound rotation casting of the toy. In this case, the lower supporting member or members extend downwardly through one or more tubular inserts in the intermediate section of the mold. By omitting the saddle and neck members and inwardly extending. horizontal members welded together and secured together by a long telescoping member so that the lower frame can readily be assembled.

The invention will be further described in connection with the accompanying drawings illustrating certain embodiments thereof, but it will be understood that the invention is not limited thereto.

support, the toy can be cast by the compound rotation process without having the saddle and neck support located therein. And these can be subsequently inserted by cutting a slot in the belly portion of the pony, inserting these elements, and then closing the opening.

While the invention is of special value in the provision of a life-like pony with spring supporting frame, it is applicable to other toys including rocking toys, which have a saddle portion or seat to support the rider and a neck portion to which the handle bars can be inserted and which can similarly be supported by one or more downwardly depending supporting members located above and secured to the upper portion of a frame which is supported by the lower spring supporting frame. Thus, the toys may be made in the form of other animals than ponies, such as giraffes, zebras, donkeys, elephants, lions, tigers, etc., or even large birds such as an ostrich, or other toys where the toy as a whole will be made of plastic material such as rubber or other plastic by a compound rotation process in suitable molds, and where the saddle and neck frame members are subsequently inserted through an opening made in the bottom of the toy, or are located within the toy during the casting operation as described in said companion application.

The frame member which supports the toy through its downwardly extending support member or members has upper frame members secured to the downwardly extending member or members, four spring supporting these upper frame members, and a lower telescoping stationary frame with tubular members which are telescoped together to enable them to be shipped in a knocked down state and readily assembled to form the lower frame.

The lower frame member is advantageously made of two end members having upwardly extending corner In the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 shows one form of upper and lower frame members, and supporting saddle and neckpiece, separate and apart from the pony or other toy supported thereby;

Fig. 2 shows the same upper and lower frame members as those of Fig. 1 supporting a hollow rubber pony;

Fig. 3 shows a toy giraffe of plastic material with portions cut away to show the hollow nature of the toy and to show the saddle support therein as well as a neckpiece and hand bars at the neck of the toy;

Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of the lower end of the neckpiece where it is secured to the vertical support of the saddle;

Fig. 5 shows the giraffe of Fig. 3 supported in one type of rocking support;

Fig. 6 is a view showing a portion of the rocking support of Fig. 5 in different locations;

Fig. 7 shows the giraffe supported by another type of rocking support; and

Fig. 8 illustrates the method of assembling and separating portions of the rocking frame of Fig. 7.

Fig. 1, which shows the upper and lower frame members, and the saddle support and neckpiece, without the pony or other toy, includes the upright tubular member 1 with a saddle member 2 secured thereto and which has an upper portion extending at an angle and having a flattened end 3 with a hole therein to which the handle members 4 are secured.

The lower portion of the vertical support 1 is bolted by bolts 8 to the upwardly extending portions 6 and 7 of two horizontal tubular members 9 and 10 welded at their ends to transverse frame members 11 and 12, respectively. Foot rests 13 are provided on the transverse frame member 12.

The portion of the frame thus described is the upper frame member with the saddle, handle bars and foot supports on a rigid upper framework such that a child sitting on a saddle and grasping the handle bars and with its feet on the foot supports will be in the natural position of a child riding a pony. And the saddle on which the child sits as well as the handle bars and foot rests are held in rigid relation to each other.

The upper framework thus described is supported by four springs 14, 15, 16 and 17 which are joined to the ends of the cross bars 11 and 12 through metal rings 18 extendin through the transverse tubes and to which the ends of the springs are attached.

The four springs are united at their outer ends to four posts forming part of the lower framework and this lower framework may be of different construction to provide four corner posts to which the springs are attached. These corner posts are the upright members 19, 20, 21, 22, which have metal rings 23 at their upper ends, to which the outer ends of the springs are attached.

The lower framework which secures the four corner posts together to form a rigid frame may vary in con-' struction and arrangement and may include side bars and cross bars or end bars and intermediate connecting members, and is advantageously made of telescoping tubing such that the lower frame can readily be detached for shipment and readily be put together with a telescoping action when the frame is to be assembled.

The lower frame illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2 has two end members at the ends of the frame welded together to form a rigid end member. In the construction shown, one end member is made of the uprights 19 and 20 with their inwardly extending members 24 and 25- welded together at 26 toform an integral end unit. The other endunit is made up of the uprights 21 and 22 and their inwardly extending members 27 and 28 welded together at 29 to form a rigid end member. These end frame members telescope into a long tube into which they can readily be inserted and from which they can readily be removed. The tubes where they are welded together, are flattened so that the two flattened and welded tubes readily telescope into the long intermediate tube 30.

Fig. 2 shows the frame of Fig. 1 installed in a hollow pony made by the rotary casting process in which the toy From the foregoing description, it will be evident that the upper frame which is supported by the four'springs and which includes the upwardly extending supporting member 1 and the saddle and neckpiece carried thereby form an integral upper framework for supporting. the

' pony 1 and a rigid upper framework which supports the is formed by introducing vulcanizable rubber latex into a amold of water-absorbent material, such as'plaster of Paris, and the toy formed by compound rotation of the mold around two axes at right angles to each other until the water has been absorbed from the latex and a substantially uniform layer of rubber has been deposited on all portions of the mold. After further drying in the mold, the molded toy is removed'from the mold and further dried and finally cured or vulcanized to form the pony or other toy.

As illustrated in Fig. 2, the pony 31 has portions cut away at 32 to show the thickness 33 of the molded wall. And it will be noted that the pony is molded with a saddle recess 34, for receiving the back portion of the saddle 2 and that the shape of the pony at the portion where it comes into contact with the saddle is a shape which conforms to the saddle support. The neckpiece also extends up through the neck of the pony and the hand bars are secured to the upper end of the neckpiece in a location convenient for the hands .of the child seated in the saddle of the pony., Theentire support for the the upper frame members which connect this upright member with the inner ends of the springs. The arrangement is such that the pony is supported above the springs and vabove the lower portion of the upper framework, and the foot rests on the horizontal member 12 have a location similar to that of the stirrups of a saddle.

The arrangement is such that a child seated on the saddle of the pony illustrated in Fig. 2 and grasping the hand bars and having his feet on the foot rests is in a natural position for riding the pony. And the yieldable supports of the four springs at the four corners of the upper frame give a life-like motion to the pony. The pony as a whole moves with the upper framework and gives the impression of a solid pony on which the child is riding while the unsupported and yieldable nature of the sides and other portion of the pony make it yield to the knees or to pressure when applied thereto. And the pulling of the reins will cause the head to move because of the flexible nature of the molded toy, and the head will return to its normal position when the pull is released.

The lower frame for supporting the upper frame and the ponyis located below the pony and below the upper frame. The upper frame can readily be attached to and detached from the lower frame by hooking the ends of the springs into the metal loops or by unhooking them therefrom. So far as the rider of the pony is concerned, he is up in the'air above the lower portion of the upper frame and also below the lower frame.

The lower frame serves the purpose of supporting the upper frame and toy through the resilient springs and through the four corner posts which are rigidly connected together and which can readily be assembled and disassembled-by simple telescoping action of the members.

Instead of making the frame with a single downwardly extending supporting member, two or more members can be used, eg an inverted U-shaped member, to which the saddle or saddle and neckpiece are secured and which are attached to and supported by the upper frame.

pony above the springs and above the lower portion of the upper frame.

This upper frame can be used with different kinds of lower supporting frames, and the structure and action are not dependent upon the form and structure of the lower supporting frame. a

The lower supporting frame illustrated is a simple and advantageous form of frame with two end members welded together and telescopically connected with a long connecting member by which the end members are readily removed for shipping in the same box which contains the pony. The only portion of the upper frame member permanently connected with the pony is the supporting member 1 together with the saddle and neckpiece which are located inside the pony and which serve to support the child riding the pony and furnish a rigid handpiece rigidly connected to the saddle. The lower portion of the upper frame which connects the vertical member with the four springs is readily disconnected from or connected to the vertical member to permit shipping in a knocked-down condition and assembly when the toy is to be used.

In Fig. 3 the giraffe shown is one which is made by the rotary casting process above referred to, of rubber latex or other plastic material with the toy formed by compound rotation epg. in a porous mold in which vulcanizable rubber latex is used, as described in the prior patents above referred to.

The giraffe 41 has parts cut away to show the thickness 42 of the walls formed by the rotary casting process and to show the. interior supporting saddle, neckpiece and depending supporting rod or tube. The supporting rod or tube 43 carries the saddle 44 at its upper end and it will be noted that the toy itself is molded to a form such that it has a saddle portion 50 conforming to the shape of the saddle44 which supports it and with a recess '51 formed in the toy to receive the back end of the saddle. The downwardly extending rod 43 extends through an opening in the lower portion of the body of the toy with clamping means 52 such-as a rubber grommet on the rodv 43 for holding the surrounding edges of the walls of the toy.

A separate neckpiece 45 in the form of a tube, flattened at is lower end 46, as shown in Fig. 4, is bolted to the upright 43 by bolts 47 and this neckpiece extends up into the neck of the giraffe and has a flattened upper end 48 with a hole therein (not shown) and hand bars 49 on the outside of the neck secured to the flattened upper end of the neck bar.

The arrangement is such that in the completed toy the saddle and neckpiece are located within the hollow toy and support a child seated on the saddle and with a rigid connecting support between the saddle and the hand bars. I

At its lower end the supporting rod or bar 43 is secured to the upwardly extending ends of horizontal members 53 or 54 by bolts 55, these horizontal members being a part of the framework illustrated in Figs. 7 and 8.

In Fig. 5 the giraffe of Fig. 3 is shown supported in one type of rocking frame which has a stationary portion and a pivoted frame portion with springs for modifying the rocking action.

In the apparatus shown in Figs. 5 and 6, the lower end of the supporting member 43 extends downwardly and has a portion 59 welded at 60 to a cross tube 61 pivotally mounted on two inwardly extending rods or tubes 62 or 63 welded to the side members 64.

End frame members 65 and 66 are telescopically joined to the side members 64 through telescoping rods 01' tubes 67. Rubber members 68 are provided on the side member 64 to prevent slipping or skidding of the frame.

Secured to the upright member 43 at an intermediate portion are the ends of two members 56 and 57, bolted to the tube 43 by bolts 58. The outer ends of these members 56 and 57 are flattened and have openings 71 therein to which the inner ends or springs 72 and 73 are connected. The outer ends of these springs are connected to metal rings 74 and 75 carried by the end members.

Secured by welding to the horizontal rod or tube 56 is a cross bar or rod 76 having foot rests 77 thereon. The arrangement is such that child seated in the saddle can place his feet on the foot rests and his hands on the hand bars and these will have a rigid connection with each other. 7

In the operation of the rocking giraffe illustrated in these figures, the giraffe will pivot around the member 61 and can move forward and backward and at the action of the springs will tend to return the giraffe to its initial position. Movement of the springs and pivoting members, as the giraffe moves in one direction, is illustrated in dotted lines in Fig. 6.

The rocking frame support of Figs. 5 and 6 can readily be taken apart for shipping and reassembled for use. By removing the springs and unbolting the bars 56 and 57 and by removing the telescoping end supporting members from the horizontal supports and the horizontal rocking bar from its telescoping inserts, the different members of the frame can be arranged for packing in the same container as the giraffe itself and reassembled when the toy is to be used.

Figs. 7 and 8 show a modified form of rocking support in which the supporting rod or tube 43 which supports the saddle and neck member is connected at its lower end to the horizontal members 53 and 54 by one or more bolts 55 and are welded at their other ends, as indicated at 80 and 81, to the end members 82 and 83 which telescope into the side members 34 and 85. Extending between the side members and secured thereto is the upwardly extending cross bar 86 having foot rests 87 thereon. The side bars 84 and 85, as well as the side portions of the end members 82 and 83, are curved to provide a rocker to permit rocking of the rider on the giraffe. And the arrangement of the saddle support, hand bars and foot rests, is such that these are in fixed relation to each other and enable the child riding the giraffe to feel secure as he rocks forward and backward on the giraffe.

The lower supporting frame of Figs. 7 and 8 can also be disassembled and readily assembled by removing the bolt 55 and removing the end members and horizontal members welded thereto from the telescoping side members. This frame can readily be packaged in the same package as the giraffe and readily reassembled when the toy is to be used.

It is one advantage of the present rocking toy invention that it gives a child the effect of rocking on an animal of substantial size but which is of light weight, so that the principal weight is that of the child, with a relatively small weight of the hollow animal and its supporting frame members which are located at the level of the giraffe.

While the rocking toy has been described and illustrated in connection with a giraffe, it will be evident that other toys can be similarly made of hollow plastic yieldable material and similarly supported.

Instead of making the saddle, or saddle and handpiece, with a single downwardly extending supporting member as illustrated, two or more members can be used, e.g. an inverted U-shaped member, to which the saddle or saddle and neckpiece are secured and which are attached to and supported by the upper frame.

Different kinds of toys can be made as rocking toys with the supporting rocking framework for supporting them.

Thus, toys may be made in the form of animals, such as ponies, zebras, donkeys, elephants, tigers, giraffes, etc., or even in the form of large birds, such as an ostrich, where the toy as a whole will be made of yieldable plastic material, such as rubber, by a compound rotation process in suitable molds and where the internal support for the toy is either subsequently inserted through an opening made in the bottom of the toy or located within the toy during the forming of the toy, as described in said companion application.

This application is a continuation-in-part of my copending applications'Serial No. 642,729, now forfeited, and Serial No. 642,861, now Patent No. 2,935,317.

I claim:

1. A molded hollow plastic toy of resilient plastic material of a size which can be mounted by a child sitting on the toy and with thin walls of insufficient strength to support a child thereon, said toy having a saddle portion, a supporting saddle member for supporting the saddle portion of the toy and a child seated thereon, and downwardly extending supporting means extending through the lower wall of the toy for supporting the saddle member, said saddle supporting member being located within the toy and said toy being a resilient plastic toy.

2. A molded hollow plastic toy of resilient plastic material having a saddle portion and a neck portion, a supporting saddle member within said toy for supporting the saddle portion of the toy and a child seated thereon, a neck member within the toy and extending into the neck of the toy and having hand-hold members secured thereto and extending to the outside of the neck portion, downwardly extending supporting means for supporitng the saddle member and the neck member and extending downwardly through the bottom of the hollow plastic toy, said toy being free from openings other than the openings for the downwardly extending supporting member and the hand-hold bars.

3. A hollow plastic toy of the kind which a child can ride and which has a saddle portion on which a child can be seated, said toy having body, head, neck and leg portions molded as a whole of resilient plastic material in the form of thin resilient walls which are yieldable to pressure by the knees of the rider or by pressing with the hand of the rider, except for the supported portions thereof, the body portion of said toy having a molded saddle portion with a recess formed to receive a saddle supporting member and said toy being continuous except for openings for the support thereof, a saddle supporting member within the toy for supporting the saddle portion and of a shape conforming to the molded saddle portion of the toy, downwardly extending supporting means extending through the bottom of the body portion of the toy, and a support for said downwardly extending supporting means located below the toy and having foot rest portions thereon.

4. A hollow plastic toy as defined in claim 3 which also has a neck member extending into the neck of the toy and having hand-hold members secured thereto extending on the outside of the neck portion, and the downwardly extending supporting means supports both the saddle member and the neck member.

5. A molded hollow plastic toy of resilient plastic material of a size which can be mounted by a child sitting on the toy and with thin walls of insufficient strength to support a child thereon, said toy having a saddle portion, a supporting saddle member for supporting the saddle portion of the toy and a child seated thereon, and supporting means extending through the wall of the toy for supporting the saddle member, said saddle supporting member being located within the toy and said toy being a resilient plastic toy.

6. A molded hollow plastic toy of resilient plastic material of a size which can be mounted by a child sitting on the toy and with thin walls of insuificient strength to support a child thereon, said toy having a saddle portion and a neck portion, a supporting saddle member Within said toy for supporting the saddle portion of the toy and a child seated thereon, a neck member within the toy and extending into the neck of the toy and having hand-hold members secured thereto and extending to the outside of the neck portion, supporting means for supporting the saddle member and the neck member and extending through the wall of the hollow plastic toy, said toy being free from openings other than the openings for the supporting member and the hand-hold bars.

7. A hollow plastic toy of the kind which a child can ride and which has a saddle portion on which a child can be seated, said toy having body, head, neck and leg portions molded as a whole of resilient plastic material in the form of thin resilient walls which are yieldable to pressure by the knees of the rider or by pressing with the hand of the rider, except for the supported portions thereof, the body portion of said toy having a molded saddle portion with a recess formed to receive a saddle supporting member and said toy being continuous except for openings for the support thereof, a. saddle supporting member within the toy for supporting the saddle portion and of a shape conforming to the molded saddle portion of the toy, downwardly extending supporting means centrally positioned with respect to said body and extending through the bottom of the body portion of the toy for supporting the saddle supporting member, an upper frame located below the toy and supporting the downwardly extending supporting means, a lower frame, and springs connecting the upper and lower frames to permit movement of the toy and upper frame.

8. A hollow plastic toy of the kind which a child can ride and which has a saddle portion on which a child can be seated, said toy having body, head, neck and leg portions molded as a Whole of resilient plastic material in the form of thin resilient walls which are yieldable to pressure by the knees of the rider or by pressing with the hand of the rider, except for the supported portions thereof, the body portion of said toy having a molded saddle portion with a recess formed to receive a saddle supporting member and said toy being continuous except for openings for the support thereof, a saddle supporting member Within the toy for supporting the saddle portion and of a shape conforming to the molded saddle portion of the toy, a neck member extending into the neck of the toy and having hand-hold. members secured thereto and extending on the outside of the neck portion, downwardly extending supporting means centrally positioned with respect to said body and extending through the bottom of the body portion of the toy for supporting the'saddle supporting member and the neck member, an upper frame located below the toy for supporting the downwardly extending supporting means and having foot rest portions, a lower frame and springs connecting the upper and lower frames to permit movement of the toy and upper frame.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,722,418 Small Nov. 1, 1955 2,743,104 Dodson Apr. 24, 1956 2,756,051 Shone July 24, 1956 2,758,632 Koller Aug. 14, 1956 2,801,104 Yetter July 30, 1957 2,806,698 Thoeming Sept. 17, 1957

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