US2977554A - Dielectric liquid and apparatus utilizing same - Google Patents

Dielectric liquid and apparatus utilizing same Download PDF

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Publication number
US2977554A
US2977554A US405103A US40510354A US2977554A US 2977554 A US2977554 A US 2977554A US 405103 A US405103 A US 405103A US 40510354 A US40510354 A US 40510354A US 2977554 A US2977554 A US 2977554A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
liquid
core piece
naphthalene
transformer
tertiary
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US405103A
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English (en)
Inventor
Clinton D Cook
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General Electric Co
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General Electric Co
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Publication date
Application filed by General Electric Co filed Critical General Electric Co
Priority to US405103A priority Critical patent/US2977554A/en
Priority to JP296455A priority patent/JPS332388B1/ja
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2977554A publication Critical patent/US2977554A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/08—Cooling; Ventilating
    • H01F27/10—Liquid cooling
    • H01F27/12—Oil cooling
    • H01F27/125—Cooling by synthetic insulating and incombustible liquid
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
    • H01B3/20—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances liquids, e.g. oils
    • H01B3/22—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances liquids, e.g. oils hydrocarbons

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an improved dielectric liquid; more particularly, the invention relates to a liquid-cooled transformer utilizing an improved liquid dielectric material as the coolant.
  • the transformer consists of a liquid-tight housing or tank 3 fitted with a removable cover 7 provided with a pair of external terminals 4 and 5. Extending vertically with respect to the tank 3 are a plurality of cooling conduits 9 through which cooling fluid circulates. Positioned on the interior of the tank 3 is a core piece 1 and a plurality of electrical windings 2 in accordance with conventional transformer construction. The core piece 1 and windings 2 are immersed in a dielectric liquid 6 which will be described in more detail hereinafter.
  • the dielectric fluid 6 is a monotertiary alkyl naphthalene or a monotertiary alkyl methyl naphthalene wherein the tertiary alkyl group contains from 4 to 8 carbon atoms. While monotertiary butyl naphthalene is the preferred dielectric liquid, the other liquids in the class defined above are also satisfactory.
  • the naphthalene derivatives of this invention are not new to the art. They may be prepared by reacting naphthalene or methyl naphthalene with the appropriate tertiary alkyl alcohol in the presence of aluminum chloride according to the method of Trukervank and Vichrova [1. Gen. Chem.
  • Larsen Patent 2,436,110 discloses an electric cable in which polytertiary alkyl naphthalenes are used as a dielectric material.
  • Example 1 of the Larsen patent describes the preparation of octyl naphthalenes and refers to a light fraction boiling fro-m 178 to 193 C. at 3 millimeters mercury pressure and a heavier fraction boiling in the range from 193 to 205 C. at 3 millimeters mercury pressure.
  • Larsen uses the heavier fraction as his impregnant. In the present invention it is the portion corresponding to one of Larsens light fractions, which Larsen describes as having a fairly low dielectric strength which is utilized.
  • the material of the present invention has a boiling range of l14-120 C. at 3 mm. Hg pressure and it is characterized by a dielectric strength in excess of 53 kv.
  • Vhile aluminum choride has been the best catayst used in the reaction, aiurninum bromide, ferric chloride, and other Friedel-Crafts catalysts'are satisfactory.
  • the product produced in accordance with this invention usually consists of an isomeric mixture in which the [3 isomer predominates. Where the starting material is methyl naphthalene the final product is a mixture of a number of monoalkyl isomers.
  • the dielectric liquids of this invention are characterized by having a boiling range of about 260 to 360 C. at atmospheric pressure, corresponding to 110 to 175 C. at 3 millimeters Hg pressure, a pour point ranging from 0 C. to 40 C., and superior resistance to oxidation. Tests have indicated that the liquids of this invention possess sufficient oxidation stability to enable them to remain essentially unchanged after many years of use under normal operating conditions. The factthat these liquids are not at all decomposed by distillation at atmospheric pressure is a further indication of their oxidation stability.
  • the oxidation stability of the liquids of this invention enables transformers to operate satisfactorily at a higher operating temperature.
  • the maintenance of a liquid temperature of C. is readily feasible.
  • a trans- I former having incorporated therein the dielectric liquids of this invention will have a higher kva. rating than the same size transformer using conventional dielectric liquids.
  • a transformer comprising a core piece, a primary winding on said core piece, a secondary winding on said core piece, a liquid-tight housing encasing said windings and core piece, and a liquid in said housing surrounding said windings and core piece, said liquid having a boiling point below C. at a pressure of 3 mm. of mercury and consisting essentially of a compound of the structure wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and a methyl group and R is a tertiary alkyl group containing from 4 t0 8 carbon atoms.
  • a transformer comprising a core piece, a plurality of windings positioned on said core piece, a liquid-tight container encasing said windings and core piece, a liquid in said container contacting said core piece and windings, said liquid having a boiling point below 150 C. at a pressure of 3 mm. of mercury and consisting essentially of a compound of the structure:
  • R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and a methyl group and R is a tertiary alkyl group containing from 4 to 8 carbon atoms
  • means for I wherein R is, selected from the group consisting of hy drogen and a methyl group and R is a tertiary alkyl wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and a methyl group and R is a tertiary alkyl group containing 4 to 8 carbon atoms, said material having a boiling point below 150 C. at a pressure of 3 mm. of mercury.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)
  • Fixed Capacitors And Capacitor Manufacturing Machines (AREA)
US405103A 1954-01-20 1954-01-20 Dielectric liquid and apparatus utilizing same Expired - Lifetime US2977554A (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US405103A US2977554A (en) 1954-01-20 1954-01-20 Dielectric liquid and apparatus utilizing same
JP296455A JPS332388B1 (en:Method) 1954-01-20 1955-01-20

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US405103A US2977554A (en) 1954-01-20 1954-01-20 Dielectric liquid and apparatus utilizing same

Publications (1)

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US2977554A true US2977554A (en) 1961-03-28

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US405103A Expired - Lifetime US2977554A (en) 1954-01-20 1954-01-20 Dielectric liquid and apparatus utilizing same

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US (1) US2977554A (en:Method)
JP (1) JPS332388B1 (en:Method)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2245721A (en) * 1938-07-26 1941-06-17 Colgate Palmolive Peet Co Organic reactions in sulphur dioxide
US2390835A (en) * 1940-04-30 1945-12-11 Du Pont Method of alkylating aromatic compounds
US2436110A (en) * 1943-01-11 1948-02-17 Shell Dev Electric cable impregnated with tertiary alkyl naphthalenes
US2572808A (en) * 1948-09-18 1951-10-23 Monsanto Chemicals Dielectric with n, n'-1-3 dimorpholino isopropanol as scavenger

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2245721A (en) * 1938-07-26 1941-06-17 Colgate Palmolive Peet Co Organic reactions in sulphur dioxide
US2390835A (en) * 1940-04-30 1945-12-11 Du Pont Method of alkylating aromatic compounds
US2436110A (en) * 1943-01-11 1948-02-17 Shell Dev Electric cable impregnated with tertiary alkyl naphthalenes
US2572808A (en) * 1948-09-18 1951-10-23 Monsanto Chemicals Dielectric with n, n'-1-3 dimorpholino isopropanol as scavenger

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS332388B1 (en:Method) 1958-04-08

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