US2972579A - Oil compositions having reduced foaming tendencies - Google Patents
Oil compositions having reduced foaming tendencies Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2972579A US2972579A US676508A US67650857A US2972579A US 2972579 A US2972579 A US 2972579A US 676508 A US676508 A US 676508A US 67650857 A US67650857 A US 67650857A US 2972579 A US2972579 A US 2972579A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- oil
- silicone
- additive
- weight
- grams
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 25
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 title claims description 17
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- -1 PHENOL SULFIDES Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920005573 silicon-containing polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfite Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 25
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 21
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 10
- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 9
- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229940042472 mineral oil Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 6
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 5
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229940077388 benzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000010688 mineral lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- LJKQIQSBHFNMDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-thiabicyclo[4.1.0]hepta-2,4-dien-6-ol Chemical class C1=CC=CC2(O)C1S2 LJKQIQSBHFNMDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- VGFZNOZMYOECDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium;1-nonyl-7-thiabicyclo[4.1.0]hepta-2,4-dien-6-ol Chemical compound [Ba].C1=CC=CC2(CCCCCCCCC)C1(O)S2 VGFZNOZMYOECDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical class [H]C(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- XFHFHASAGYJPOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octyl-7-thiabicyclo[4.1.0]hepta-2,4-dien-6-ol Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2(CCCCCCCC)C1(O)S2 XFHFHASAGYJPOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IXLXHGZVLWXEJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-pentyl-7-thiabicyclo[4.1.0]hepta-2,4-dien-6-ol Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2(CCCCC)C1(O)S2 IXLXHGZVLWXEJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JGUXNMIBGWYAPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(C)(C)(CC)C12C(C=CC=C1)(O)S2.[Ca] Chemical compound C(C)(C)(CC)C12C(C=CC=C1)(O)S2.[Ca] JGUXNMIBGWYAPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920004511 Dow Corning® 200 Fluid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanethiol Chemical compound SC LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004435 Oxo alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002367 Polyisobutene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- VKCLPVFDVVKEKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N S=[P] Chemical compound S=[P] VKCLPVFDVVKEKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LYNKDIBOYLMYDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium;1-(2,4,4-trimethylpentan-2-yl)-7-thiabicyclo[4.1.0]hepta-2,4-dien-6-ol Chemical compound [Ba].C1=CC=CC2(C(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C)C1(O)S2 LYNKDIBOYLMYDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XOIXUOQWXVZBRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium;2-nonylphenol Chemical compound [Ba].CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1O XOIXUOQWXVZBRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001555 benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013870 dimethyl polysiloxane Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- JZZIHCLFHIXETF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylsilicon Chemical compound C[Si]C JZZIHCLFHIXETF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCO LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019256 formaldehyde Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008240 homogeneous mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001905 inorganic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000005673 monoalkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000896 monocarboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006277 sulfonation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HIFJUMGIHIZEPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid;sulfur trioxide Chemical compound O=S(=O)=O.OS(O)(=O)=O HIFJUMGIHIZEPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M171/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by purely physical criteria, e.g. containing as base-material, thickener or additive, ingredients which are characterised exclusively by their numerically specified physical properties, i.e. containing ingredients which are physically well-defined but for which the chemical nature is either unspecified or only very vaguely indicated
- C10M171/004—Foam inhibited lubricant compositions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D19/00—Degasification of liquids
- B01D19/02—Foam dispersion or prevention
- B01D19/04—Foam dispersion or prevention by addition of chemical substances
- B01D19/0404—Foam dispersion or prevention by addition of chemical substances characterised by the nature of the chemical substance
- B01D19/0409—Foam dispersion or prevention by addition of chemical substances characterised by the nature of the chemical substance compounds containing Si-atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
- C10M2207/021—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
- C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
- C10M2207/027—Neutral salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/08—Aldehydes; Ketones
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/121—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/121—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms
- C10M2207/122—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms monocarboxylic
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/129—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of thirty or more carbon atoms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
- C10M2215/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/26—Amines
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
- C10M2219/044—Sulfonic acids, Derivatives thereof, e.g. neutral salts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/08—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals
- C10M2219/082—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/08—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals
- C10M2219/082—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2219/087—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Derivatives thereof, e.g. sulfurised phenols
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/08—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals
- C10M2219/082—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2219/087—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Derivatives thereof, e.g. sulfurised phenols
- C10M2219/088—Neutral salts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/08—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals
- C10M2219/082—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2219/087—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Derivatives thereof, e.g. sulfurised phenols
- C10M2219/089—Overbased salts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2223/12—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions obtained by phosphorisation of organic compounds, e.g. with PxSy, PxSyHal or PxOy
- C10M2223/121—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions obtained by phosphorisation of organic compounds, e.g. with PxSy, PxSyHal or PxOy of alcohols or phenols
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2227/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2203/00, C10M2207/00, C10M2211/00, C10M2215/00, C10M2219/00 or C10M2223/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2227/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2203/00, C10M2207/00, C10M2211/00, C10M2215/00, C10M2219/00 or C10M2223/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions having a silicon-to-carbon bond, e.g. organo-silanes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2229/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2205/00, C10M2209/00, C10M2213/00, C10M2217/00, C10M2221/00 or C10M2225/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2229/04—Siloxanes with specific structure
- C10M2229/041—Siloxanes with specific structure containing aliphatic substituents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
- C10N2010/04—Groups 2 or 12
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
- C10N2010/06—Groups 3 or 13
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
- C10N2010/08—Groups 4 or 14
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
- C10N2010/12—Groups 6 or 16
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
- C10N2010/14—Group 7
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
- C10N2010/16—Groups 8, 9, or 10
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
- C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/08—Hydraulic fluids, e.g. brake-fluids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2070/00—Specific manufacturing methods for lubricant compositions
- C10N2070/02—Concentrating of additives
Definitions
- This invention relates to foam inhibition of oil compositions. Particularly, it relates to the inhibition of foaming by mineral oil compositions containing additives such as lubricating oils, hydraulic oils and the like may 25 cause operating difiiculties in machinery as well as in the processing of the oils themselves.
- Oil additive materials which are desirable because they prevent sludging, deposition of gum and the like, are frequently strong foam promoters and the modern tendency to use such materials in increasing quantities gives rise to increasing difficulties with foaming. It had been proposed to use a silicone polymer to inhibit foaming of such compositions. However, generally, the silicones either will not suppress foaming or, if they initially do suppress foaming, they lose their effectiveness upon standing.
- silicone polymers as anti- -foamants in certain oil blends can be materially increased and enhanced by use of hydrocarbon compounds having a single polar group at the end of the molecule.
- hydrocarbon compounds having a single polar group at the end of the molecule increases the initial effectiveness of the siliconeand also gives increased foam stability, that is, there is ing. This combination is much more effective than either the silicone or the polar material alone. It has further been found that the effectiveness of these 'materials can be even further increased by heating the oil composition containing the silicone and the polarjmaterial.
- Additives such as the oil-soluble sulfonates; the salts of alkylated aromatic compounds such as: alkyl phenols, alkyl phenol sulfides, and the phosphorus sulfide treated derivatives of such materials; and the like, fre-" quently tend to promote foaming in conventional mineral base hydrocarbon oils.
- additives of the above types and various mixtures of such' additives are treated, preferably in oil solution, with 0.001 to 1.000, e.g. 0.01 -to 0.20. weight percent of a silicone and about 0.03 to 15.0, e.g. 0.5 to 15, weight percent of a polar material, said weight percentages being based on the weight of, dry additive.
- silicone, polar material and detergent concentrate may be heated sufficiently to melt the. polar material'so as to obtain a homogeneous mixture after agitation.
- This treatment may be carried out by simply mixing the silicone and polar material into
- the method of the present invention is particularly effective in reducing the foam-promoting tendencies of metal sulfonates, metal alkyl phenol sulfides, and mixtures thereof.
- These particular compounds are well 5 known to the art as detergent additives for lubricating oils, particularly mineral lubricating oils, and are generally employed in the form of alkaline earth metal salts (the sulfonates are frequently also employed in the form of alkali metal salts).
- metal sulfonates are oil-soluble salts of high molecular weight sulfonic acids which are generally produced by the treatment of petroleum oils of the lubricating oil range with fuming sulfuric acid.
- the sulfonic acids which are employed in the production of lubrieating oil additives have molecular weights of about 350 to 650, frequently of about 400 to 550.
- These petroleum sulfonates have been described in numerous patents as, for example, U.S. 2,467,176.
- the sulfonates can also be derived from relatively pure sulfonic acids having from about 10 to 33 carbon atoms per molecule.
- sulfonated products of alkylated aromatics such as benzene, toluene, xylene, etc.
- alkylated with olefinsor olefin polymers of the type of polypropylene, polyisobutylene, etc. can be used.
- Specific examples of such sulfonates include: calcium petroleum sulfonate, barium petroleum sulfonate, sodium petroleum sulfonate, calcium C alkyl benzene sulfonate, barium C alkyl benzene sulfonate, sodium C alkyl benzene sulfonate, etc.
- M represents a metal such as aluminum, cobalt,
- these materials include barium tertiary octyl phenol sulfide, cal- V i cium tertiary'octyl phenol sulfide, barium-calciumtergreater its content of additive, the greater will be its' tiary octyl phenol sulfide, barium tertiary.
- Silicones which may be used are the dimethyl silicones of the general formula:
- n is a number of about 0 to 100,000, e.g. 100
- silicone polymers will generally have viscosities of 0.65 to 60,000 cs., e.g. 100 to 12,500 cs. at 25 C. depending upon the molecular weight.
- a 'preferred silicone oil is Dow Corning Fluid 200, which has a viscosity at 25 C. of about 1,000 es. and is a dimethyl polysiloxane.
- Other silicones having longer alkyl groups "or aryl groups attached to the silicon atoms'do' not and the polar material mixture may then be heated to temperatures of about 100 have the same effectiveness as the dimethyl silicones in the compositions of the invention.
- the polar materials which may be used include those 'Cyto C e.g.,-C to C aliphatic hydrocarbons, saturrated"or'unsaturated, straight chain or branched chain which at the end-of the molecule are substituted with a single polar group such as -OH, --CHO, -COOH, --NH and SH groups.
- Those materials having 16 to-40-carbon atoms in the chain are particularly preferred .as they are more effective than the shorter chain mate- .rials.
- these materials include alcohols such as: hexadecanol-1, octadecyl alcohol, docowhich may be used are the Oxo alcohols, which are isomericrnixtures of highly branched chain primary alco- 2110.18.
- Oxo alcohols which are isomericrnixtures of highly branched chain primary alco- 2110.18.
- These alcohols are prepared from olefins, such -as polymers and copolymers of C and C monoolefins,
- a cobalt-containing catalyst such as a cobalt carbonyl catalyst
- aldehydes The resulting aldehyde product is then hydrogenated to form the alcohol which is recovered from the hydrogenation product.
- additives in the form of additive concentrates.
- these additive concentrates will contain about to 70%, e.g., to 50% by weight of the dry additive.
- the remainder of the concentrate will be. predominantly a diluent oil such as a mineral lubricating oil, in which the detergent additives aresoluble.
- a diluent oil such as a mineral lubricating oil, in which the detergent additives aresoluble.
- additive concentrate may contain minorproportions of other additives such as antioxidants, viscosity index improvers, and the like.
- treatment at 300 F. forabout A hour is about equivalent to treating at 140 F. for about 48 hours.
- the additive concentrate consisted of: (1) about by weight of a mineral oil (lubricatingyviscosity) solution wntaining as the active ingredient-.about 35%:by weight of a barium nonyl phenol sulfide having a sulfur to barium ratio (weightlbasis) of about 0.37 and (2) about 35% by weight of a mineral-oil (lubricating vis-. cosity) solution containing as the active ingredient about. 35% by weight of calcium synthetic sulfonate made from sulfonation of alkylated benzene.
- This calcium sulfonate had a molecularweight ranging from 780 to 1120 and an "average molecular weight ,of about 912.
- the abovebase composition was treated without heating with silicone ,alone and'the polar material alone and'then variouscom- -binations of the silicone oil plus thepolar material.
- foam-tendericy cc. ot foamafter 5 minutes aeration
- foam stability cc. ;.of foam volume after 10 minutes settling
- the invention relates to the foam inhibisaid oils a mixture of a dimethyl silicon oil and a polar 6 material of the general formula: RX, where R is an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical (e.g. an alkyl radical), and X is a radical such as OH, CHO, COOH, NH and -S1-I, and which may or may not be followed by heating.
- RX an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical (e.g. an alkyl radical)
- X is a radical such as OH, CHO, COOH, NH and -S1-I, and which may or may not be followed by heating.
- An improved mineral oil composition having a decreased foaming tendency consisting essentially of a major proportion of mineral oil and a minor amount of an oil-soluble detergent additive selected from the group consisting of metal sulfonates, metal alkyl phenol sulfides and mixtures thereof, about 0.001 to 1.000 gram of a dimethyl silicone polymer per grams of dry additive and about 0.03 to 15 grams per 100 grams of dry additive of l-octadecanol, said dimethyl silicone polymer having a viscosity at 25 C. in the range of 100 to 12,500 cs.
- the mineral oil composition of claim 1 wherein the amount of silicone polymer used is about 0.01 to 0.20 gram per 100 grams of dry additive and the amount of l-octadecanol used is about 0.5 to 15.0 grams per 100 grams of dry additive.
Description
OIL COMPGSITIONS HAVING REDUCED FQAMING TENDENCIES Norman E. Delfel, Scotch Plains, N.J., assignor to Esso Research and Engineering Company, a corporation of Delaware No Drawing. Filed Aug. 6, 1957, Ser. No. 676,508 2 Claims. c1. zs2-3s.4
This invention relates to foam inhibition of oil compositions. Particularly, it relates to the inhibition of foaming by mineral oil compositions containing additives such as lubricating oils, hydraulic oils and the like may 25 cause operating difiiculties in machinery as well as in the processing of the oils themselves. Oil additive materials, which are desirable because they prevent sludging, deposition of gum and the like, are frequently strong foam promoters and the modern tendency to use such materials in increasing quantities gives rise to increasing difficulties with foaming. It had been proposed to use a silicone polymer to inhibit foaming of such compositions. However, generally, the silicones either will not suppress foaming or, if they initially do suppress foaming, they lose their effectiveness upon standing. It has now been found that the effectiveness of silicone polymers as anti- -foamants in certain oil blends can be materially increased and enhanced by use of hydrocarbon compounds having a single polar group at the end of the molecule. The use of these latter materials, in conjunction with the silicones, increases the initial effectiveness of the siliconeand also gives increased foam stability, that is, there is ing. This combination is much more effective than either the silicone or the polar material alone. It has further been found that the effectiveness of these 'materials can be even further increased by heating the oil composition containing the silicone and the polarjmaterial.
In general, the heavier the hydrocarbon 'oil and the tendency to foam and the more difiicult to inhibit its foaming. Additives such as the oil-soluble sulfonates; the salts of alkylated aromatic compounds such as: alkyl phenols, alkyl phenol sulfides, and the phosphorus sulfide treated derivatives of such materials; and the like, fre-" quently tend to promote foaming in conventional mineral base hydrocarbon oils. I
According to the present invention, additives of the above types and various mixtures of such' additives are treated, preferably in oil solution, with 0.001 to 1.000, e.g. 0.01 -to 0.20. weight percent of a silicone and about 0.03 to 15.0, e.g. 0.5 to 15, weight percent of a polar material, said weight percentages being based on the weight of, dry additive.
of silicone, polar material and detergent concentrate may be heated sufficiently to melt the. polar material'so as to obtain a homogeneous mixture after agitation.
1 This treatment may be carried out by simply mixing the silicone and polar material into The method of the present invention is particularly effective in reducing the foam-promoting tendencies of metal sulfonates, metal alkyl phenol sulfides, and mixtures thereof. These particular compounds are well 5 known to the art as detergent additives for lubricating oils, particularly mineral lubricating oils, and are generally employed in the form of alkaline earth metal salts (the sulfonates are frequently also employed in the form of alkali metal salts).
These metal sulfonates are oil-soluble salts of high molecular weight sulfonic acids which are generally produced by the treatment of petroleum oils of the lubricating oil range with fuming sulfuric acid. The sulfonic acids which are employed in the production of lubrieating oil additives have molecular weights of about 350 to 650, frequently of about 400 to 550. These petroleum sulfonates have been described in numerous patents as, for example, U.S. 2,467,176. The sulfonates can also be derived from relatively pure sulfonic acids having from about 10 to 33 carbon atoms per molecule.
For example, sulfonated products of alkylated aromatics such as benzene, toluene, xylene, etc., alkylated with olefinsor olefin polymers of the type of polypropylene, polyisobutylene, etc. can be used. Specific examples of such sulfonates include: calcium petroleum sulfonate, barium petroleum sulfonate, sodium petroleum sulfonate, calcium C alkyl benzene sulfonate, barium C alkyl benzene sulfonate, sodium C alkyl benzene sulfonate, etc.
" The metalalkyl phenol sulfides and polymers thereof used as oil additives and their preparation are also well known to the art and havebeen described in numerous patents, as for example, U.S. 2,451,345 and U.S. 2,362,289. .These materials have the general formula:
wherein. M represents a metal such as aluminum, cobalt,
chromium, magnesium, sodium, lead, tin, etc., or the ..alkaline earth metals as calcium, barium, strontium, etc. (in the case of polyvalent metals, the other valences of the metal may be joined to other inorganic or organic groups or to another alkyl phenol sulfide group), ,RlS generally an alkyl group of 5 to 20, e.g. 8 to 10 carbon atoms,.R' is an aryl, alkyl, araIkyLJaIkyI-aryl radical, etc., or another alkyl phenol sulfide group, while x is'a number about 1 to 5. Specific examples of these materials include barium tertiary octyl phenol sulfide, cal- V i cium tertiary'octyl phenol sulfide, barium-calciumtergreater its content of additive, the greater will be its' tiary octyl phenol sulfide, barium tertiary. amyl phenol sulfide, calcium tertiary amyl phenol sulfide, barium nonyl phenol sulfide,"etc. Mixtures of metal sulfonates with metal alkyl phenol sulfides in proportions of about 5 to 95% by weightQpreferably about 10 to 50% by weight, of the metal sulfonate, are frequently employed in lubricating oil compositions.
Silicones which may be used are the dimethyl silicones of the general formula:
wherein n is a number of about 0 to 100,000, e.g. 100
to 900. These silicone polymers will generally have viscosities of 0.65 to 60,000 cs., e.g. 100 to 12,500 cs. at 25 C. depending upon the molecular weight. A 'preferred silicone oil is Dow Corning Fluid 200, which has a viscosity at 25 C. of about 1,000 es. and is a dimethyl polysiloxane. Other silicones having longer alkyl groups "or aryl groups attached to the silicon atoms'do' not and the polar material mixture may then be heated to temperatures of about 100 have the same effectiveness as the dimethyl silicones in the compositions of the invention.
The polar materials which may be used include those 'Cyto C e.g.,-C to C aliphatic hydrocarbons, saturrated"or'unsaturated, straight chain or branched chain which at the end-of the molecule are substituted with a single polar group such as -OH, --CHO, -COOH, --NH and SH groups. Those materials having 16 to-40-carbon atoms in the chain are particularly preferred .as they are more effective than the shorter chain mate- .rials. Specific examples of these materials include alcohols such as: hexadecanol-1, octadecyl alcohol, docowhich may be used are the Oxo alcohols, which are isomericrnixtures of highly branched chain primary alco- 2110.18. These alcohols are prepared from olefins, such -as polymers and copolymers of C and C monoolefins,
which are reacted with carbon monoxide and hydrogen,
in the presence of a cobalt-containing catalyst such as a cobalt carbonyl catalyst, at temperatures of about 300 to 400 F., and pressures of about 1000 to 3000 p.s.i. to
form aldehydes. The resulting aldehyde product is then hydrogenated to form the alcohol which is recovered from the hydrogenation product.
The treatment of the foam-producing detergent additives with silicone and the polar material, in accordance with this invention, is preferably carried out with the additives in the form of additive concentrates. Generally, these additive concentrates will contain about to 70%, e.g., to 50% by weight of the dry additive. The remainder of the concentrate will be. predominantly a diluent oil such as a mineral lubricating oil, in which the detergent additives aresoluble. In certain instances, the
additive concentrate may contain minorproportions of other additives such as antioxidants, viscosity index improvers, and the like. After the addition of the silicone to the additive concentrate, the
to 500 F., e.g., 150 to 300 F., for about 10 minutes to 5 days, e.g., 1 to 24 hours. has been found that the heating generally gives .better results. Ifa lower temperature is used, then a longer time of heating is desirable.
For example, it has been found that treatment at 300 F. forabout A hour is about equivalent to treating at 140 F. for about 48 hours.
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples whichinclude preferred embodimentsof the invention.
. -EXAMPLE1 a A series of tests were conducted usingabase ,oil composition of 9.0 weight percent, .basedon the weight of the total composition,
of a detergent additive concentrate in :91 weight percent of mineral lubricating oil'(SAE 50 grade). The additive concentrate consisted of: (1) about by weight of a mineral oil (lubricatingyviscosity) solution wntaining as the active ingredient-.about 35%:by weight of a barium nonyl phenol sulfide havinga sulfur to barium ratio (weightlbasis) of about 0.37 and (2) about 35% by weight of a mineral-oil (lubricating vis-. cosity) solution containing as the active ingredient about. 35% by weight of calcium synthetic sulfonate made from sulfonation of alkylated benzene. This calcium sulfonate, had a molecularweight ranging from 780 to 1120 and an "average molecular weight ,of about 912. The abovebase composition was treated without heating with silicone ,alone and'the polar material alone and'then variouscom- -binations of the silicone oil plus thepolar material. These various compositions were tested for foam-tendericy (cc. ot foamafter 5 minutes aeration) and foam stability. (cc. ;.of foam volume after 10 minutes settling), according to ithe .A.S.T. M foam test, Q8 9 2 -,4 6T. The; results-pf the weight of. dry additive.
-Although not essential, it
these tests are summarized in the following table wherein FT stands for foaming tendency and PS for foam stability and all weight percents are based on the weight of the dry additive.
Table 1 Amount of Stabilirer (Based on Weight of Initial, 2 Weeks Dry Additive) FT/FS Storage,
FT/FS Non 600/550 610/580 5.70% l-octadecanol 1 480/33) 11.40% l-octariecanol. 250/30 280/20 0.029% dimethyl silicone oil 590/390 640/560 0.058% dimethyl silicone oil 440/280 580/560 5.70% l-octadeeanol and 0.029% dimethyl silicone oil 40/0 50/0 1 Sold under the trade name Lorol 28." Dow Corning 200 Fluid, 350 cs. (25 0.) grade.
As seen from the above data, using either the l-octadecanolor silicone alone had little effect upon decreasing .the foaming of-the composition. However, when both the alcohol and silicone were used together the foaming tendency and foam stability were markedly improved.
EXAMPLE 2 A series of tests were run similar to that of Example 1, except that various other polar materials in varying percentages were added to the detergent-containing base oil,
and a different grade of dimethyl silicone was used. In each case, after the addition of the polar material, the oil composition .was then heated to 300 F. for 10 minutes, then cooled and tested. Results of these tests are summarized in the following table where the weight percent- 1 ages are'basedon the weight of the dry detergent additive. i
Table II Foam Level Percent Percent .Bolar Material Added Silicone Run I to Base Oil Added Stored to Base Initial, (14
Oil FT/FS Days), FT/FS None 0. 085 360/50 560/480 3.2% l-Octadeeanol (Lorol28).-- 0.085 3 0 50/0 6.4% I-Octadecanol (Lorol 28) 0. 085 40/0 50/0 12.8% l-Oeta'decauol (Lorol 28).. 0. 085 60/20 60/20 I 12.8% 013 Oxo'Alcohol 0.085 240/10 320/10 12.8% 0 3 0x0 Alcohol. 0.085 220/10 350/20 6.4% C 0x0 Acid. 0. 085 /0 280/5 6.4% 0 0X0 Aldehyde- 0. 085 190/10 250/0 6.4% Cu Lorol Mercaptan" 0.085 120/5 90/30 iBase oil was the same as used in Example 1, i.e., containing the 9 weight percent of detergent concentrate. f J DowCorning Fluid 200, 1000 cs. (25 C).
- As seen non Table II, the combination of the silicone and polar materials improved both the initial and stored foaming tendency and foam stability. The best improvement, however, was achievedby use of the longer chain ;octadecanol asvcompared'to the shorter chain polar material." Runs 4-.and 5 were duplicate runs to show the repro uc b it of the resu e t o g t ts- I EXAMPLE In gTo further jillustrate the. invention, another series of tests werejmade sirnilar to the manner of Example I, vusing stearieacid as thepolarv material, with and-Without .fheating. .Theresults of these-tests are summarized in Table ,I-II whereall. of said weight percents are based on 1 Base oil similar to that of Example I but of a difierent batch. The base oil consisted of 91 weight percent mineral oil and 9.0 weight percent of additive concentrate of barium nonyl phenol sulfide and calcium synthetic sulionate.
fl Dimethyl silicone-DO-200 fiuid, 1000 cs. (25 C.) Grade.
Heated for 15 minutes at 300 F., then cooled and tested for FT/FS As seen from Table III, heating the base oil had only a slight effect on decreasing the foaming (see runs 1 and 2). The use of the silicone alone, withand' without heating, resulted in a slightly further improvement (see runs 3 to 6). The use of the acid alone, both with and without heating, again showed only a slight improvement (runs 7 to 10). However, when both the acid and silicone (run 11) were added to the base oil a very pronounced reduction in the foaming level was obtained, and when this mixture was then heated (run 12), the foaming was completely eliminated.
In summary, the invention relates to the foam inhibisaid oils a mixture of a dimethyl silicon oil and a polar 6 material of the general formula: RX, where R is an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical (e.g. an alkyl radical), and X is a radical such as OH, CHO, COOH, NH and -S1-I, and which may or may not be followed by heating.
. What is claimed is:
1. An improved mineral oil composition having a decreased foaming tendency consisting essentially of a major proportion of mineral oil and a minor amount of an oil-soluble detergent additive selected from the group consisting of metal sulfonates, metal alkyl phenol sulfides and mixtures thereof, about 0.001 to 1.000 gram of a dimethyl silicone polymer per grams of dry additive and about 0.03 to 15 grams per 100 grams of dry additive of l-octadecanol, said dimethyl silicone polymer having a viscosity at 25 C. in the range of 100 to 12,500 cs.
2. The mineral oil composition of claim 1 wherein the amount of silicone polymer used is about 0.01 to 0.20 gram per 100 grams of dry additive and the amount of l-octadecanol used is about 0.5 to 15.0 grams per 100 grams of dry additive.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,430,858 Borsofl' et al. Nov. 18, 1947 2,533,700 Wallace Dec. 12, 1950 2,563,588 Dixon Aug. 7, 1951 2,761,845 Rogers et al. Sept. 4, 1956 2,790,768 McCoy Apr. 30, 1957 FOREIGN PATENTS 585,803 Great Britain Feb. 25, 1947 666,239 Great Britain Feb. 6, 1952
Claims (1)
1. AN IMPROVED MINERAL OIL COMPOSITION HAVING A DECREASED FOAMING TENDENCY CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF A MAJOR PROPORTION OF MINERAL OIL AND A MINOR AMOUNT OF AN OIL-SOLUBLE DETERGENT ADDITIVE SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF METAL SULFONATES, METAL ALKYL PHENOL SULFIDES AND MIXTURES THEREOF, ABOUT 0.001 TO 1.000 GRAM OF A DIMETHYL SILICONE POLYMER PER 100 GRAMS OF DRY ADDITIVE AND ABOUT 0.03 TO 15 GRAMS PER 100 GRAMS OF DRY ADDITIVE OF 1-OCTADECANOL, SAID DIMETHYL SILICONE POLYMER HAVING A VISCOSITY AT 25*C. IN THE RANGE OF 100 TO 12,500 CS.
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Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3235501A (en) * | 1962-06-11 | 1966-02-15 | Socony Mobil Oil Co Inc | Foam-inhibited oil compositions |
US3235509A (en) * | 1962-10-03 | 1966-02-15 | Wacker Chemie Gmbh | Method for producing antifoam agents |
US3235502A (en) * | 1962-06-11 | 1966-02-15 | Socony Mobil Oil Co Inc | Foam-inhibited oil compositions |
US3235499A (en) * | 1962-06-11 | 1966-02-15 | Socony Mobil Oil Co Inc | Foam-inhibited oil compositions |
US3235498A (en) * | 1962-06-11 | 1966-02-15 | Socony Mobil Oil Co Inc | Foam-inhibited oil compositions |
EP0037186A2 (en) * | 1980-03-26 | 1981-10-07 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Improved antifoam additives |
EP0529161A1 (en) * | 1991-08-23 | 1993-03-03 | Ethyl Petroleum Additives, Inc. | Lubricants and functional fluids having enhanced foam-inhibiting properties |
US5641740A (en) * | 1994-06-24 | 1997-06-24 | Witco Corporation | Lubricating oil having lubrication condition responsive activity |
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GB585803A (en) * | 1943-10-12 | 1947-02-25 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Improvements in or relating to addition agents for mineral lubricating oils |
US2430858A (en) * | 1942-07-14 | 1947-11-18 | California Research Corp | Foam inhibited oil |
US2533700A (en) * | 1946-09-06 | 1950-12-12 | Standard Oil Co | Nonfoaming lubricant composition |
US2563588A (en) * | 1951-08-07 | Soluble cutting oils | ||
GB666239A (en) * | 1948-03-06 | 1952-02-06 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Soluble cutting oils |
US2761845A (en) * | 1955-03-28 | 1956-09-04 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Foam inhibition of oils |
US2790768A (en) * | 1954-11-10 | 1957-04-30 | Texas Co | Lubricant composition |
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1957
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US2563588A (en) * | 1951-08-07 | Soluble cutting oils | ||
US2430858A (en) * | 1942-07-14 | 1947-11-18 | California Research Corp | Foam inhibited oil |
GB585803A (en) * | 1943-10-12 | 1947-02-25 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Improvements in or relating to addition agents for mineral lubricating oils |
US2533700A (en) * | 1946-09-06 | 1950-12-12 | Standard Oil Co | Nonfoaming lubricant composition |
GB666239A (en) * | 1948-03-06 | 1952-02-06 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Soluble cutting oils |
US2790768A (en) * | 1954-11-10 | 1957-04-30 | Texas Co | Lubricant composition |
US2761845A (en) * | 1955-03-28 | 1956-09-04 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Foam inhibition of oils |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3235501A (en) * | 1962-06-11 | 1966-02-15 | Socony Mobil Oil Co Inc | Foam-inhibited oil compositions |
US3235502A (en) * | 1962-06-11 | 1966-02-15 | Socony Mobil Oil Co Inc | Foam-inhibited oil compositions |
US3235499A (en) * | 1962-06-11 | 1966-02-15 | Socony Mobil Oil Co Inc | Foam-inhibited oil compositions |
US3235498A (en) * | 1962-06-11 | 1966-02-15 | Socony Mobil Oil Co Inc | Foam-inhibited oil compositions |
US3235509A (en) * | 1962-10-03 | 1966-02-15 | Wacker Chemie Gmbh | Method for producing antifoam agents |
EP0037186A2 (en) * | 1980-03-26 | 1981-10-07 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Improved antifoam additives |
EP0037186A3 (en) * | 1980-03-26 | 1981-12-23 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Improved antifoam additives |
EP0529161A1 (en) * | 1991-08-23 | 1993-03-03 | Ethyl Petroleum Additives, Inc. | Lubricants and functional fluids having enhanced foam-inhibiting properties |
US5641740A (en) * | 1994-06-24 | 1997-06-24 | Witco Corporation | Lubricating oil having lubrication condition responsive activity |
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