US296581A - James kerb - Google Patents

Description

(N0 Muriel.) J. KERR WOOD PAVEMENT. N0. 296,581. Patented Apr. 8, 1884.

Unitas drains PAT @FMQEO JAMES KERR, oF'LonDon, nNoLAuD.

WOOD PAVEMENT.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 296,581, dated April 8, 188%.

Application filed December 1?, 1853. (No model.) Patented in England February 15, 1871, No. 627 in France November 30, 1881, No. 146,143; in Belgium December 12, 182:2, No. 59,839, and in Italy July 16, 1883.

To ctZZ whom it may concern Be itknown that I, Janus KERR, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain, residing at London, England, gun-manufacturer, patentee of the well-known system of wood paving, have invented new and useful Improvements in the Construct-ionof lVood Pavements, (for which I have obtained patentsin Great Britain, No. 627,

bearing date February 15, 187 7; in France, No. 146,143, bearing date November 30, 1881; in Belgium, No. 59,839, bearing date December 12, 1882, and in Italy, hearing date July 16, 1883,) of which the following is a specification, reference being bad to the accompanying draw mgs.

The present invention relates to that class of wooden pavements in which wooden blocks are supported upon aconcrete foundation, and has for its obj cctto provide a novel manner of laying the wooden pavingblockawhereby the upper portion of the latter can move or yield slightly, to satisfy the requirements of expansion and contraction, and the natural expansion of the blocks is expedited and. exhausted. Furthermore, the pavingblocks are firmly united or cemented together at the base and supported upon the concrete foundation in such a manner thatthe pavement is prevented from bulging upward and forcing the curbstones out of placea resultliable tohappeu in pavements laid according to other methods.

The invention will first be fully described,

and then set forth in the claims.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a transverse section of a street-pavement laid according to my invention. Fig. 2 is a portion of the same drawn to an enlarged scale.

The wooden paving-blocks A are laid directly on a bed of concrete or ballast, B, about thrce-eighths of an inch apart, and a specially prepared bitumen or bituminous composition, (3, is run into the joints or interstices between the blocks to a depth of about one inch. This bituminous composition flows around the blocks and forms, as it were, a shoe or clamp around each individual block, thereby fixing the blocks in position at once, and holding them so firmly that they cannot be moved without breaking them to pieces, It should go be stated, however, that the upper portion of the blocks can move or yield slightly, to allow for the proper expansion and contraction thereof, and for this reason the work of laying the blocks can be carried on or continued without hinderance, as the operation of filling up the remaining portion of the interstices between the blocks can be proceeded with at once and allowed to consolidate thoroughly by reason of the solid manner in which the blocks are held at their base. The space leftbetween the blocks above the bottom cementing or uniting composition or bitumen is of considerable depth, and is entirely filled up with a liquid grouting, D. The latter has the effect of expediting and exhausting the natural exp'a-nsion of the blocks, so that when once laid upon the principle above set forth the pavement is prevented from bulging upward and forcing the curbs out of position, as is liable to occur in pavements laid in the ordinary way.

It has heretofore been stated that thepavingblocks are laid directly upon a foundation or bed of concrete, whereas in ordinary pavements embracing the use of a concrete foundation the blocks are set into a top stratum of asphalt. By laying the blocks in the manner proposed by methat is, runningiu between the blocks a very slight depth of bitumen or any of its compounds-I hermetically seal up the interstices or joints between the blocks, in addition to firmly or solidly uniting the latter, and for this reason I effectually prevent the percolation of water through the pavement. The bituminous or asphalt filling, however, is sufficiently elastic and yielding to allow for any slight expansion which the blocks may have. It may-be stated that in practice the blocks are impregnated with creosote-oil specially distilled from coaltar. This mode of preparing the blocks rendcrsth em nearly permanently proof against water or moisture, and affords, to a great extent, the means of preventing the expansion and contraction of the blocks, and the consequent injury to the pavement.

The bitumen or composition for uniting the paving-blocks at the base and forming the socalled clamping-shoes around the same genorally consists of the following ingredients, viz: best British pitch, green or heavy oil, and whiting-powder, in the following proportions, viz: live parts, by weight, of the pitch; one part, by weight of the oil, and one part,

by weight, of the whiting-powder. The upper portion of the interstices between the blocks is filled up with lime or cement. grouting, which in its liquid state will, to a great 5 extent, exhaust all of the expansion that can take place in the blocks while the work is proceeding, thereby preventing the disturbing of the pavement from expansion when finished. The grouting will also be compressible in the IO event of any expansion of the wood blocks.

By these precautions I effectually provide for the prevention of such a disturbance of the blocks as would force the curbstones out of wplace or bulge up the pavement.

liquid asphalt or bitumen into the interstices or joints between the blocks for partly filling said interstices or joints, and then completely filling the latter by a cement grouting, as and for the purpose set forth.

2. A pavement consisting of a concrete foundation or bed, wooden blocks placed directly thereon, asphalt or bitumen clampingshoes uniting the blocks at their bases, and a cement grouting filling the spaces between the blocks above said asphalt clampingshoe, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

. JAMES KERR. \Vitnesses:

JNo. DEAN, HERBERT E. DALE,

Both of 17 Gracechurch St, London.

Images