US2958861A - Analog to digital translators - Google Patents

Analog to digital translators Download PDF

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Publication number
US2958861A
US2958861A US621399A US62139956A US2958861A US 2958861 A US2958861 A US 2958861A US 621399 A US621399 A US 621399A US 62139956 A US62139956 A US 62139956A US 2958861 A US2958861 A US 2958861A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
readout
lag
lead
wheels
code
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US621399A
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English (en)
Inventor
Luongo Joseph
Rymer Richard Henry
Jr Frank P Turvey
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TDK Micronas GmbH
International Telephone and Telegraph Corp
Original Assignee
Deutsche ITT Industries GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to BE562226D priority Critical patent/BE562226A/xx
Priority to NL222304D priority patent/NL222304A/xx
Application filed by Deutsche ITT Industries GmbH filed Critical Deutsche ITT Industries GmbH
Priority to US621399A priority patent/US2958861A/en
Priority to GB34887/57A priority patent/GB811267A/en
Priority to FR72459D priority patent/FR72459E/fr
Priority to DEI13947A priority patent/DE1051540B/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2958861A publication Critical patent/US2958861A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06M—COUNTING MECHANISMS; COUNTING OF OBJECTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06M1/00—Design features of general application
    • G06M1/27—Design features of general application for representing the result of count in the form of electric signals, e.g. by sensing markings on the counter drum
    • G06M1/276—Design features of general application for representing the result of count in the form of electric signals, e.g. by sensing markings on the counter drum using mechanically-actuated contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
    • H03M1/00—Analogue/digital conversion; Digital/analogue conversion
    • H03M1/12—Analogue/digital converters
    • H03M1/22—Analogue/digital converters pattern-reading type
    • H03M1/24—Analogue/digital converters pattern-reading type using relatively movable reader and disc or strip
    • H03M1/26—Analogue/digital converters pattern-reading type using relatively movable reader and disc or strip with weighted coding, i.e. the weight given to a digit depends on the position of the digit within the block or code word, e.g. there is a given radix and the weights are powers of this radix

Definitions

  • the translation devices or digitizers Wherein the end product was in an electrical pulse form, were of the commutating variety, and many of these types of translation devices are still widely used.
  • These commfutating digitizers have a segment representing each number and a read brush coupled to a common brush. The read brush can be positioned on each segment to effect a digitizer readout.
  • the commutator digitizer has some inherent disadvantages in that the timing of ⁇ the read brushes must be exact and tolerances therefore must be close, lest there can be a false number read out from the device.
  • the controls are accomplished by having commutator straps of 180 added 4to the shafts.
  • the abovementioned commutator strap with its inherent mechanical characteristics in combination with the relays, gives rise to considerations of mechanical tolerances and speed limitations, the improvement of which is desirable for the higher speed operations such as those desired in analog computers or high speed control systems.
  • the code wheel output itself in the dual role of providing intelligence signals for further use as well as the basis for controlling the selection of the lead or lag readout means.
  • a matrix means which is responsive to the code wheel output and in response thereto selects either the lead or lag readout means, as Well as a particular bit on the wheel being read, which in turn is read by lthe selected readout means.
  • Fig. 1 is a combination schematic and block diagram showing the readout for three of the code wheels
  • Fig. 2 shows the developed pattern of the strips on a coded wheel and the accompanying binary representation and decimal values.
  • Fig. 1 there are three code wheels shown at 10, 11 and 12. To code wheels 11 and 12 there are connected respectively four lead read brushes 13 and 14 and respectively four lag brushes 15 and 16. To code wheel 10 there is connected four read brushes 17 which are neither lagging or leading. The read brushes 13 through 17 are connected to the scan matrix 18.
  • the input diodes 19 through 22 are connected to the scan generator 23 by input lines 24 through 27.
  • the input lines 29 and 30 of -the and gate 28 are respectively connected to the input line 27 and to the read matrix output 31.
  • the output 31 is shunted -by load resistance 31a which is connected to ground as shown.
  • the and gate 28 output line 32. is connected to the input of the lead-lag selector 33 whose outputs 34 and 35 are connected to the input diodes 36 and 37.
  • the read matrix 11 is connected to the scan generator 23 through the read generator 38 and to the code Wheels 10, 11 and 12, respectively, through the common inputs 39, 40 and 41.
  • the upper portion of the switching matrix is connected to a plurality of load resist-- ances 41 to 48 which are in turn tied to B+.
  • the clock pulses shown at 49 represent the pulses being generated at the scan lgenerator 23 and passed to the input lines 24 through 27.
  • the code wheel pattern at 50 is a developed bit pattern from a code wheel using reflected binary code. Adjacent to the bit pattern in the tables shown at 51 and 52 are representative binary codes and the decimal values.
  • Fig. l let us assume that there has been set up in decimal coded binary form, and appearing on the code wheels 10, 11 and 12, the number 299. Let us further assume that the number 299 represents the speed of an aircraft and that the speed is being recorded or sent to a computer for an automatic control. Let us make a further assumption that the speed of the aircraft increases and there appears successively on the coded wheels the numbers 300 and 301. Working with these assumptions we must first examine the code wheels 10, 11 and 12. On code Wheel 10, the Wheel of least significant decimal order, under the brushes 17 there would appear 1010 or'from Fig. 2 combine-d with Fig. l metal bits under brushes 53 and 54 and no metal bits under brushes 55 and 56.
  • the read matrix 11 may be any well-known parallel to serial readout matrix.
  • the read generator 38 in combination with the read matrix 11 provides selecting circuitry means by which the code wheel 10 is selected for the iirst readout. The least significant bit on the wheel 10 is under brush 56, this is clear from Fig. 2.
  • the scan generator 23 conditions line 24 with a positive pulse T-1. This positive pulse attempts to lift the vo-ltage condition at points 51 and 58. We will assume that the lag side of the lead-lag selector 33 is conducting.
  • a translation device for translating shaft rotations into coded electrical pulses comprising a plurality of code Wheels each assigned different order of value and each producing a different code output signal at different angular positions thereof, an input shaft, said plurality of Wheels coupled to said shaft for inter-related rotation according to a predetermined ratio, a plurality of paired lead-lag readout means with each pair coupled to an associated one of said wheels, a plurality of common output conductor with a single one each coupled to a separate associated one of said wheels, a switching matrix means coupled to said plurality of lead-lag readout means, lead-lag selector means coupled to said switching matrix means to select in combination therewith one of the coded bits to be read through a selected lead or lag readout means, and means coupling the output of said code wheels and said switching matrix means to said lead-lag selector means for sampling the pulse readout from each of said code Wheels respectively and in accordance therewith controlling said selection o-f'said lead or lag readout means for the adjacent wheel of a wheel thus sampled to
  • a translation device for translating shaft rotations into coded electrical pulses comprising a plurality of code wheels each assigned a different order of value and each producing a different code output signal at different angular positions thereof, an input shaft, said plurality of wheels coupled to said shaft for inter-related rotation according to a predetermined ratio, a plurality of paired lead-lag readout means coupled to said wheels, a plurality of common outputs with one each coupled to an associated one of said wheels, a readout matrix means coupled to said plurality of common outputs for selecting one of said Wheels to be read therefrom, a switching matrix means coupled to said plurality of lead-lag readout means, lead-lag selector means coupled to said switching matrix means to select in combination therewith one of the coded bits to be read through a selected lead or lag readout means, and circuitry means to couple said readout matrix means and said switching matrix means to said lead-lag selector means for sampling the pulse readout from said readout matrix means and in accordance therewith controlling said selection of said lead or lag readout means for the adjacent
  • a decimal coded binary translation device for translating shaft rotations into coded electrical pulses comprising a plurality of wheels with coded tracks thereon wherein each wheel of said plurality is assigned a different decimal order of value, an input shaft, said plurality of wheels coupled to said shaft for inter-related rotation according to a predetermined ratio, a plurality of singular readout means one each of which is coupled to one each of said coded tracks of the wheel which has been assigned the least significant value, a plurality of paired lead-lag readout means with one each of said pairs coupled to one each of said coded tracks on the wheels which have been assigned higher order Values than the least significant, a plurality of common readout means with one each coupled to an associated one of said wheels, a readout matrix means coupled to said plurality of common readout means for selecting one of said Wheels to be read therefrom, a switching matrix means coupled to said plurality of singular readout means and said plurality of lead-lag readout means, a lead-lag selector means coupled to said switching matrix means to select in conjunction therewith
  • a translation device for translating shaft rotations into coded electrical pulses comprising a plurality of code wheels each assigned different order of value and each producing a different code output signal at different angular positions thereof, an input shaft, said plurality of wheels coupled to said shaft for inter-related rotation according to a pre-determined ratio, a plurality of singular readout means coupled to the one of said wheels which has been assigned the least significant value, a plurality of paired lead-lag readout means with each pair coupled to an associated one of said wheels which have been assigned higher order values than the least significant value, a plurality of common outputs with one each coupled to an associated one of said wheels, a switching matrix means coupled to said plurality of lead-lag readout means, lead-lag selector means coupled to said switching matrix means to selectin combination therewith one of the coded bits to be read through a selected lead or lag readout means, and means coupling the output of said code wheels and said switching matrix means to said lead-lag selector means for sampling the pulse readout from each of said code wheels respectively and in accordance therewith
  • a translation device for translating shaft rotations into coded electrical pulses comprising a plurality of code wheels each assigned different order of value and each producing a different code output signal at different angular positions thereof wherein the code found on each code wheel is formed by conducting and non-conducting strips such that the most significant code bits form a continuous strip of conducting material having a given number of degrees of their respective track position and bounded by a non-conducting strip, an input shaft, said plurality of wheels coupled to said shaft for inter-related rotation according to a pre-determined ratio, a plurality of paired lead-lag readout means with each pair coupled to an associated one of said wheels, a plurality of common outputs with one each coupled to an associated one of said wheels, a switching matrix means coupled to said plurality of lead-lag readout means, lead-lag selector means coupled to said switching matrix means to select in combination therewith one of the coded bits to be read through a selected lead or lag readout means, and means coupling the output of said code wheels and said switching matrix means to said lead-
  • a translation device for translating shaft rotations into coded electrical pulses comprising a plurality of code wheels each assigned different order of value and each producing a different code output signal at different angular positions thereof, an input shaft, said plurality of wheels coupled to said shaft for inter-related rotation according to a pre-determined ratio, a plurality of paired lead-lag readout means with each pair coupled to an associated one of said wheels, a plurality of common outputs with one each coupled to an associated one of said wheels, a switching matrix means coupled to said plurality of lead-lag readout means, said switching matrix including a clock pulse generator, a lead-lag selector means coupled to the output of said clock pulse generator of said switching matrix means to select in combination therewith one of the coded bits to be read through a selected lead or lag readout means, and means coupling the output of said code wheels and said switching matrix means to said lead-lag selector means for sampling the pulse readout from each of said code wheels respectively and in accordance therewith controlling said selection of said lead or lag readout means for the adjacent wheel of
  • a translation device for translating shaft rotations into coded electrical pulses comprising a plurality of code wheels each assigned different order of value and each producing a different code output signal at different angular positions thereof, an input shaft, said plurality of wheels coupled to said shaft for inter-related rotation according to a pre-determined ratio, a plurality of paired lead-lag readout means with each pair coupled to an associated one of said wheels, a plurality of common outputs with one each coupled to an associated one of said Wheels, a switching matrix means coupled to said plurality of lead-lag readout means, said switching matrix including a clock pulse generator and a matrix coupled to the output of said clock pulse generator, lead-lag selector means coupled to the input said matrix of said switching matrix, means, said matrix of said switching matrix means forming an and gate for selecting a lead or lag readout means in accordance with the outputs of said clock pulse generator and said lead-lag selector means and also forming a switching arrangement for the selection of coded bits to be read through said selected lead-lag readout means in further response to said
US621399A 1956-11-09 1956-11-09 Analog to digital translators Expired - Lifetime US2958861A (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE562226D BE562226A (xx) 1956-11-09
NL222304D NL222304A (xx) 1956-11-09
US621399A US2958861A (en) 1956-11-09 1956-11-09 Analog to digital translators
GB34887/57A GB811267A (en) 1956-11-09 1957-11-08 Analog to digital translators
FR72459D FR72459E (fr) 1956-11-09 1957-11-08 Traducteur d'impulsions codées
DEI13947A DE1051540B (de) 1956-11-09 1957-11-09 Abtaststeueranordnung fuer mechanische Zaehlwerke, insbesondere Umlauf-Zaehlwerke

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US621399A US2958861A (en) 1956-11-09 1956-11-09 Analog to digital translators

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2958861A true US2958861A (en) 1960-11-01

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US621399A Expired - Lifetime US2958861A (en) 1956-11-09 1956-11-09 Analog to digital translators

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US2958861A (xx)
BE (1) BE562226A (xx)
DE (1) DE1051540B (xx)
FR (1) FR72459E (xx)
GB (1) GB811267A (xx)
NL (1) NL222304A (xx)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3141160A (en) * 1962-09-28 1964-07-14 Hewlett Packard Co Electro-mechanical signalling apparatus
US3197764A (en) * 1963-01-07 1965-07-27 Gen Precision Inc Unambiguous encoder
US3230522A (en) * 1962-12-14 1966-01-18 Gen Precision Inc Electromechanical trigger for encoder application for non-ambiguity readout
US3238524A (en) * 1962-12-21 1966-03-01 Gen Precision Inc In line brushes for drum type encoders for true "v" scan application for true binary code
US3404395A (en) * 1964-11-23 1968-10-01 Mangood Corp Electromechanical accumulator
DE102009016073B4 (de) * 2008-04-21 2013-06-20 Bund Der Freien Waldorfschulen E.V. Demonstrationsvorrichtung

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2750584A (en) * 1954-03-29 1956-06-12 Gen Precision Lab Inc Analog to digital converter
US2779539A (en) * 1954-04-19 1957-01-29 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Multiple code wheel analogue-digital translator
US2826252A (en) * 1955-01-12 1958-03-11 Harold D Dickstein Automatic shaft position data encoder
US2866184A (en) * 1953-12-14 1958-12-23 Gen Precision Lab Inc Analog to digital converter

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2866184A (en) * 1953-12-14 1958-12-23 Gen Precision Lab Inc Analog to digital converter
US2750584A (en) * 1954-03-29 1956-06-12 Gen Precision Lab Inc Analog to digital converter
US2779539A (en) * 1954-04-19 1957-01-29 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Multiple code wheel analogue-digital translator
US2826252A (en) * 1955-01-12 1958-03-11 Harold D Dickstein Automatic shaft position data encoder

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3141160A (en) * 1962-09-28 1964-07-14 Hewlett Packard Co Electro-mechanical signalling apparatus
US3230522A (en) * 1962-12-14 1966-01-18 Gen Precision Inc Electromechanical trigger for encoder application for non-ambiguity readout
US3238524A (en) * 1962-12-21 1966-03-01 Gen Precision Inc In line brushes for drum type encoders for true "v" scan application for true binary code
US3197764A (en) * 1963-01-07 1965-07-27 Gen Precision Inc Unambiguous encoder
US3404395A (en) * 1964-11-23 1968-10-01 Mangood Corp Electromechanical accumulator
DE102009016073B4 (de) * 2008-04-21 2013-06-20 Bund Der Freien Waldorfschulen E.V. Demonstrationsvorrichtung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE562226A (xx) 1900-01-01
FR72459E (fr) 1960-04-14
NL222304A (xx) 1900-01-01
DE1051540C2 (xx) 1959-08-20
DE1051540B (de) 1959-02-26
GB811267A (en) 1959-04-02

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