US295664A - Electric lamp - Google Patents

Description

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. y ELEGTMC LAMP. No. 295,664. Patented Mar. 25, 1884.

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W. MORAVA. I ELECTRIC LAMP. No. 295,664.' Patented Mar'. 25, 1884.

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ELECTRIC LAMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 295,664, dated March 25, 1884. Application nien May 22, resa. (No model.)

To a/ZZ whom, t may concern.- y

Be it known that I, WnNsEL Monnvn, of Chicago, county of Cook, and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvementsin an Electric Lamp, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact descrip tion, that will enable others to make use of and understand the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters of reference marked thereon, forming a part of this speciiication.

This invention relates to that class of electric lamps known as the arc lamp, the object being to do away with all the friction in the regulating mechanism by having thefeed mechanism independent thereof; and it consists in the employment of a secondary shunt-magnet and a detent and a ratchet-wheel .controlled and operated by the primary shunt-circuit, whereby the adjustment of the carbon points with relation to each other is so uniform as to constantly maintain a continuous and steady light.

Figure l is a side elevation of a lamp embodying my improved features, some of the parts being brought out from behind other parts, forming a diagram drawing. Fig 2 is a side elevation of the same with all the parts in their relative positions, and Fig. 3 a plan view. Fig. Aillustrates a modified arrangement of circuits in the lamp.

Referring to the drawings, A represents a solenoid, which is connected with one end of the elongated yoke a, for the purpose of electrically raising this end of the same, the opposite end or heel of the yoke being adapted to have frictional contact with the detent or dog a', which engages with the ratchet-wheel B, for the purpose of throwing the same out of engagement, as indicated by the dotted lines in Fig. l of the drawings. The ratchet-wheel B and pinion c2 are placed on the inside of the yoke c, and are provided with proper supporting-bearings in said yoke. The pinion c2 engages with the toothed side of the positive carbon rod B', whereby a longitudinal adjustment is imparted to the same, A2 representing the positive and A3 the negative carbon points. The yoke a has pivotal bearings in the standard a3, as shown in Fig. 3 of the drawings. The bracket B2 forms a guide or stop, which regulates the distance the yoke a moves up or down. The detent a is provided with a central pivotal bearing in .the standard b, the outward-projecting part of the detent being perforated, so as to engage with the pin b', carrying the spring b2, which serves to retain the detent normally in engagement with the ratchetwheel. The extreme outer end of the detent engages with the recess in the post b3, thereby confining the movement of the detent within a certain limit. The magnet A. is placed'in the main circuit in opposition to the primary shunt-wire magnet C, which acts on the soft-iron armature G.

D is a secondary shunt-wire magnet, which releases the detent from engagement with the ratchet-wheel. The magnets and shunt-magnets are in practice arranged on a level in a horizontal plane with reference to each other, as shown in Fig. 3 of the drawings. In Fig. l these parts are brought out from behind, so as to bring the same all into view in the one figure.

The magnet A has two coils provided with movable cores, which are connected at their lower ends by a bar, c4, which is connected loosely with the yoke a by a headed pin, a5.

The operation of the lamp is as follows: The terminals p and n being connected with the circuit and the current turned on, the solenoid magnet A becomes active and raises that end of the yoke a connected to the same, which movement has the effect of lowering the opposite end of the yoke and allowing the point of the detent or dog a to drop into a locking engagement with the ratchet-wheel,

the yoke continuing to rise until the carbon rod Bhas been moved upward just far enough to produce the arc. As the arc between the carbon sticks becomes longer its resistance to the passage of the current increases and more current is shunted through the fine-wire magnet C, thereby increasing its influence over the armature-bar G, as against the yaction of the'magnet A and the spring b4. points of the carbon sticks have receded from each other sufficiently to establish such a resistance and length of arc that a fresh feed is required, the magnet C becomes eficiently energized by an increased portion of the current, which then travels on the primary shuntcircuit, which is indicated by the arrows numbered 2, said circuit going from the carbon`1 Vhen the y ICO holder B through the pinion a, its shaft-wheel I d the current is divided between circuits B, pawl c', standard b, metallic base b5, standard b, and the wires and magnet C, as indicated, to the main-line wire L. then raises the loose end of the bar-armature G, the opposite end being pivoted to the post d until it strikes the adjustable stop-screw d, insulated from the balance of the lamp mechanism by the collar di, thus completing another shunt-circuit through the magnet D, as indicated by arrows numbered 3, thus causing said magnets to attract and withdraw the detent a momentarily from engagement with the ratcl1et-wheel B, the detent and yoke assuming the position indicated by the dotted lines in Fig. l of the drawings. New, the moment the detent is released from contact with the ratchet-whcel the shunt-circuit, through the magnet C, is broken, and the detached end of the bar G drops away from the stop-screw d, and rests in a normal position on the lower companion stop, d3. rIhe moment this movement takes place the secondary shunt-circuit through the magnet D is broken and the detent again thrown into engagement with the gear-wheel by the action of the spring b, the carbon rod having been fed down one notch in the meantime by gravity, as the ratchetwheel is allowed to turn very slightly. By this arrangement the carbon rod can be fed down but one notch of the ratchet at a time, the opera-tion being in this manner intermittently repeated, and the action instantaneous and continuoi'is,thus maintaining the arc uniform and producing a steady light. In Figs. 2 and 3 the position of the spring on the bar Gis changed, in order to show the same in these views. In lieu of the arrangement of circuits shown, I may place the magnet D in the direct circuit and wind with two wires in opposite directions,as shown in Fig. Ll. One of the wires on the magnet isindicated by dotted lines. W'hen the magnet is not f'eeding, the bar G rests on stop d, and the currents on the two wires neutralize each others effect,as will be presently explained, and the magnet remains inactive. \Vhen the magnet C acts as before directed, one circuit of the magnet is broken and the current on the other gives the magnet energy, so that it attracts pawl a',tlie saine effect following as when said pawl is attracted by magnet D in a secondary shunt.

\Vhen the main circuit is used in magnet D, the posts or standards (l d* must be insulated from cach other and from the frame of the lamp, such insulation being effected by standing them on hardrubber or other noncon ducting plates or blocks, as shown at rr. The two circuits in magnet D are placed in the circuit which traverses A A. One of the wires, however, (indicated by arrow 5,) is cut, one end of which is attached to standard d, and the other end connected to the standard d. The other wire is indicated by arrow 6. As long as the bar G remains in contact with the stop This magnet i and G the former being atthistimecompleted through post d, bar G, stop d, and post d?. As these circuits are revcrsely arranged, the currents therein neutralize each other,and the core of the magnet remains intact. Then the bar G leaves the stopdf, the circuit of one wire is broken in magnet D, which leaves the core under the influence of one circuit, when it becomes magnetized and attracts the detent c. The moment the detent is disengaged from the ratchet -wheel the circuit in primary shunt Gis broken and the bar G drops to its normal position, which movement, of course, completes the circuit in the secondary mag net, the detent again engages with the ratchetwheel, and a continuous cycle is thereby maintained.

I am aware that the method of feeding forward the carbon points in electric lamps by disengaging a detcnt or stop from a chain of gearing through the action of the shunt-circuit is not new; but I am not aware that a second shunt is used to do the work while the first or primary shunt does the regulating. In the lamps now used oneshunt-circuit does the regulating as well as detaching the detent from the ratchet-wheel or train of gears, and, conscquently, being obliged to work against friction, which is prejudicial to sensitive regulation.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-. i

1. In an electric-arc lamp, the combination, with a carbon-separating electro-magnet in the main circuit, a regulating electro-magnet in a closed shunt around the arc, and a feed-inagnet the vitalization of which is controlled by the regulating-magnet, of a second electromagnet in the main circuit arranged to act in opposition to the regulating-magnet, substantially as described.

2. rIhe eon1bination,with the toothed rippercarbon holder, the pivoted yoke, the pinion mounted on a shaft supported by the yoke, the ratchet-wheel fixed on said shaft, and the pawl arranged to engage said ratchet-wheel, of the electro-magnet in the main circuit arranged to lift the yoke, and an electro-magnet in a shunt arranged to attract the pawl, substantially as described, and for the purpose set forth.

3. The combination, with the yoke, toothed carbon-holder, pinion, and ratchet-wheel on a common shaft, and the pawl, of the electroinagnet in the main circuit arranged tolift the yoke, the eleetromagnet arranged to attract the pawl, and a regulating electro-magnet ina closed shunt, arranged to control the vitaliza tion of the magnet which attracts the pawl, substantially as described.

VENSEL MORAVA.

Vitnesses:

L. M. FREEMAN, V. Sriinwoon.

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