US2948822A - X-ray tubes - Google Patents

X-ray tubes Download PDF

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Publication number
US2948822A
US2948822A US788450A US78845059A US2948822A US 2948822 A US2948822 A US 2948822A US 788450 A US788450 A US 788450A US 78845059 A US78845059 A US 78845059A US 2948822 A US2948822 A US 2948822A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
tube
anodes
shaft
cathodes
envelope
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US788450A
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English (en)
Inventor
Paroselli Leopold
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MARIO GHIA
Original Assignee
MARIO GHIA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by MARIO GHIA filed Critical MARIO GHIA
Priority to US788450A priority Critical patent/US2948822A/en
Priority to GB5903/60A priority patent/GB878207A/en
Priority to DEP24846A priority patent/DE1132668B/de
Priority to FR825099A priority patent/FR1254782A/fr
Priority to NL251674D priority patent/NL251674A/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2948822A publication Critical patent/US2948822A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05G—X-RAY TECHNIQUE
    • H05G1/00—X-ray apparatus involving X-ray tubes; Circuits therefor
    • H05G1/02—Constructional details
    • H05G1/04—Mounting the X-ray tube within a closed housing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J35/00—X-ray tubes
    • H01J35/02—Details
    • H01J35/04—Electrodes ; Mutual position thereof; Constructional adaptations therefor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J35/00—X-ray tubes
    • H01J35/02—Details
    • H01J35/04—Electrodes ; Mutual position thereof; Constructional adaptations therefor
    • H01J35/06—Cathodes
    • H01J35/066—Details of electron optical components, e.g. cathode cups
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J35/00—X-ray tubes
    • H01J35/02—Details
    • H01J35/04—Electrodes ; Mutual position thereof; Constructional adaptations therefor
    • H01J35/08—Anodes; Anti cathodes

Definitions

  • my invention relates to X-ray tubes.
  • the principal object of my invention is an improved tube for use in roentography and fluoroscopy.
  • My tube has two fixed cathodes and two adjustable anodes, which receive the electron bombardment whereby X-rays are produced.
  • the practice today is to set the tube and film at a selected distance with one exposure being made on one film. Then the tube is moved either mechanically or manually three inches or more, depending upon the distance of the film, and with the tube in the second position, another film is made; These films are viewed with the aid of a stereoscope and a stereoscopic image is produced.
  • the moving of the tube by either mechanical or manual means is time-consuming and labor-costly.
  • My improved tube can be used just as are the X-ray tubes now in use for the present system of roentography, by employing one anode and related cathode, with the other anode and cathode disconnected from the X-ray circuit.
  • And-my tube can be utilized to capital advantage in making stereoscopic films without moving the tube, as is necessary at present-at considerable saving in time and expense.
  • the stereoscopic plane is achieved by moving the anodes the desired degree by outside elec trical control. One exposure is made from one anode and related cathode, then a new film is put in place beneath the object to be radiographedand another exposure is made from the second anode and related cathode, with the first anode and cathode disconnected. These two films can then be stereoscoped.
  • the object to be fiuoroscoped is placed between the X-ray tube and a fluorescent screen and the object viewed through the screen. This can also be accomplished with my improved X-ray tube by employment of one anode and related cathode, with the other anode and cathode disconnected.
  • a stereoscopic X-ray tube embodying two fixed cathodes and two movable anodes wherein the anodes are angularly adjustable with respect to the cathodes to produce a plurality of fixed planes of the emitted X-rays in relation to the fluoroscope or a scanning device without shifting the position of the tube.
  • anodes are angularly adjustable with respect to the cathodes to produce a plurality of fixed planes of the emitted X-rays in relation to the fluoroscope or a scanning device without shifting the position of the tube.
  • a fixed plane to focus the rays must be established.
  • fluoroscoping a large object one fixed plane must be utilized, for example, and for a smaller object a different fixed plane must be used. I accomplish this change of fixed planes by adjusting the angle of the anodes, without the necessity for moving the position of the tube, a manifest advantage.
  • the X-ray tube comprises a ray proof, wintent v dowed envelope supporting therein a highly evacuated X-ray tube mounting a pair of cathodes in its opposite ends and a single anode shaft in the neck of the'tube terminating in two target anodes, and mechanism, to shift the angle of the targets to direct the crossing streams of X-rays at different angles from the targets, capable of producing a plurality of fixed planes with respect to the fiuoro'scope.
  • FIG. 1 is a top plan View of the tube Fig. 2, a fragmentary sketch indicating that a mechani cal interrupter and two switches are in the accessory power supply apparatus Fig. 3, an enlarged cross-section taken along line like parts: I
  • the tube assembly is generally indicated by the numeral 2, with ray proof envelope 3, which may be fabricated of aluminum having lead lining 4 and glass window 5, through which the X-rays are directed.
  • the longitudinal section 6 of the envelope is formed in two halves 7 welded as at 8 after the X-ray tube is inserted.
  • Envelope 3 is provided with ends 9 suitably capped as at 10 with openings 11 through which the cable connections to the high voltage power supply are inserted, and the circuit, common to most X-ray generators, includes two switches S and a mechanical interrupter as indicated in Fig. 2.
  • the X-ray tube itself which may be a high vacuum Pyrex glass hot cathode tube type is designated by numeral 12 and is braced within envelope 6 as by a pair of braces 13 in the arms of the envelope and medially disposed brace 14 with openings 13, and 14, respectively in the braces for free circulation of the oil 0.
  • cathodes 15 having terminals 16 for connection with the power supply, the cathodes being fabricated of tungsten with a fused tungsten filament 17, said cathodes supported Within the tube by collars 18 fused thereto at the inner extremities of tube 19 inverted from the opposite longitudinal ends 20 of tube 12.
  • the cylindrical focusing cup 15, surrounds the filament 17 in each anode, as is well-known, and the cathodes are supported by known methods.
  • the focal spot of an X-ray tube can be changed in shape, size and uniformity of energy distribution by changing the size and shape of the filament and/ or shape and its relative location.
  • the shape, size and location of filament 17 as depicted herein as well as of the other components of my tube may be varied, and the methods of mounting the cathodes and anodes within the tube, and materials may be changed, to equivalent materials.
  • terminals 16 and the cathodes are lead-in wires.
  • anode shaft 22 formed of copper or equivalent material such as molybdenum having its upper end 23 connected to terminal 24 for connection with the high voltage power supply.
  • Rod 22 is centrally sealed in neck 21 of the tube by suitable methods and upon its upper end portion 23 I mount fins 25 to dissipate the heat conducted away from the anode or target members hereinafter described, and as copper is a good conductor, rod 22 may be manufactured thereof.
  • Rod 22 at its lower end portion is formed with diverging, integral sloping shoulders 26 and to the outer ends thereof are hinged, as at 27-a pair of anodes 28, 29 in which are set a pair of tungsten targets 30, 31,
  • a sealed electric motor unit 37 mounted on one side of tube 12 is a sealed electric motor unit 37 connected to terminals 38 on the outside of envelope 3, which are for coupling as by cable W with a suitable remote control (not shown) for controlling motor 37 to adjust anodes 28, 29 to any desired angle, as will be understood.
  • Shaft 39 of the motor carries pinion gear 40 engaging gear 41 carried on shaft 42 journalled through anode rod 22 and the motor.
  • pinion gear 43 (see Fig. 3) in enlarged section 33 of bore 33.
  • Pinion gear 43 engages ratchet 45 on shaft 32.
  • the control for the motor 37 may have indicia for indicating the exact degree of angular disposition of the target portions 30, 31 so that the anodes may be adjusted instantaneously to any degree, as for example, from 15 as shown in Fig. 4 to 25 in Fig. 5. Or the angle may be adjusted to less than 15, down to 5", or even less.
  • the angle of one anode with respect to its related cathode is identical in degree to that of the opposite anode and its related cathode.
  • I can accomplish a broader or narrower focus of the X-rays by adjustment of the angle of the anodes, when utilizing one set of anodes and selected cathode-or the other.
  • An X-ray tube as in claim 1 for use in stereoscopic fiuoroscopy means to angularly adjust the anodes with respect to the cathodes to change the fixed planes at which stereoscopic images are produced when an object is positioned between the window of the envelope and a scanning device and the tube is energized.
  • An X-ray tube housed in a ray-proof, windowed envelope said envelope having a longitudinal portion with a substantially uniform diameter in the body portion thereof and a centrally disposed neck portion of uniform and greater diameter than the longitudinal portion, the tube including a longitudinal portion and a centrally dis posed neck portion, two cathodes fixedly mounted in opposite ends of said longitudinal portion and having focusing cups opposite each other, an anode rod mounted in the neck portion having two oppositely disposed shoulders at its lower end and means for dissipating heat mounted on the other end, a bore in the lower portion of the rod, a shaft received and guided by said bore, two anodes pivotally mounted on said shoulders having their target sections opposing the focusing cups of the cathodes, linkage between the lower end of the shaft and the anodes,
  • An X-ray tube housed in a ray-proof, windowed envelope said envelope having a longitudinal portion with a substantially uniform diameter in the body portion thereof and a centrally disposed neck portion of uniform and greater diameter than the longitudinal portion, the tube including longitudinal portion and a centrally disposed neck portion, two cathodes mounted in opposite ends of said longitudinal portion and having focusing cups opposing each other, an anode rod mounted in the neck portion having two oppositely disposed shoulders at its lower end, fins mounted on the other end for dissipating heat, a bore in the lower portion of the rod, a shaft received and guided by the said bore, two anodes hinged on said shoulders having their target sections opposing the cathodes, links between the lower end of the shaft and the anodes and motor operated gearing operable from outside the tube and connected with the shaft for longitudinal movement of the shaft to vary the converging angles of the emitted X-rays.
  • an X-ray tube including a rayproof, windowed envelope, said envelope having a longitudinal portion and a central portion extending at right angles from and integral with the longitudinal portion, the tube mounted within the envelope and including a longitudinal portion and a centrally disposed neck portion, a pair of cathodes fixedly mounted in opposite ends of said longitudinal portion and having focusing cups opposing each other, an anode rod mounted in the neck portion having two oppositely disposed shoulders at its lower end and a plurality of fins on the other end, a bore formed in the lower portion of the rod, a shaft received and guided by the said bore, two anodes hinged to said shoulders having their target sections opposed to the focusing cups of the cathodes, links between the lower end of the shaft and the anodes, motor operated gearing connected to the shaft for longitudinal movement thereof, and housed within the envelope, a power supply connected with the tube and means to connect either or both sets of opposing anodes and cathodes for fluoroscopy and roentgenography and

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  • X-Ray Techniques (AREA)
US788450A 1959-01-22 1959-01-22 X-ray tubes Expired - Lifetime US2948822A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US788450A US2948822A (en) 1959-01-22 1959-01-22 X-ray tubes
GB5903/60A GB878207A (en) 1959-01-22 1960-02-19 Improvements in x-ray tubes
DEP24846A DE1132668B (de) 1959-01-22 1960-04-16 Stereoskopische Roentgenroehre und Schaltvorrichtung dafuer
FR825099A FR1254782A (fr) 1959-01-22 1960-04-22 Tube à rayons x, stéréoscopique
NL251674D NL251674A (ja) 1959-01-22 1960-05-16

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US788450A US2948822A (en) 1959-01-22 1959-01-22 X-ray tubes

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2948822A true US2948822A (en) 1960-08-09

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ID=9804790

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US788450A Expired - Lifetime US2948822A (en) 1959-01-22 1959-01-22 X-ray tubes

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US2948822A (ja)
DE (1) DE1132668B (ja)
FR (1) FR1254782A (ja)
GB (1) GB878207A (ja)
NL (1) NL251674A (ja)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3078326A (en) * 1959-12-28 1963-02-19 Stauffer Chemical Co Electronic furnace with shielded feed
US3248543A (en) * 1963-04-18 1966-04-26 Arthur H Pitchford X-ray spectrographic apparatus having a pair of X-ray tubes with different emission properties
US3250916A (en) * 1963-06-14 1966-05-10 Machlett Lab Inc Stereo x-ray device
US3452232A (en) * 1966-06-30 1969-06-24 Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co Multiple-cathode x-ray triode tube
US3639758A (en) * 1969-03-07 1972-02-01 Rigaku Denki Co Ltd X-ray stress measuring apparatus
US3873834A (en) * 1971-01-29 1975-03-25 Philips Corp Method of producing three-dimensional images from a series of individual images in different perspectives
US4359660A (en) * 1980-12-15 1982-11-16 Physics International Company Series diode X-ray source
US11361932B2 (en) 2017-11-21 2022-06-14 Smiths Detection Germany Gmbh Anode head for X-ray beam generators

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19802668B4 (de) * 1998-01-24 2013-10-17 Smiths Heimann Gmbh Röntgenstrahlungserzeuger

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US575772A (en) * 1897-01-26 Roentgen-ray tube
US688458A (en) * 1901-09-27 1901-12-10 Eugene W Caldwell Stereoscopic x-ray apparatus.
US758117A (en) * 1903-06-22 1904-04-26 Homer Clyde Snook Stereoscopic apparatus.
DE921370C (de) * 1943-05-04 1955-02-21 Adolf Dr Med Czech Anordnung zur Erzeugung von Roentgenraumbildern mit Hilfe eines beweglichen Rasters
US2900542A (en) * 1954-09-22 1959-08-18 Harry B Mceuen X-ray apparatus

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE315061C (ja) *
CH236477A (de) * 1942-03-31 1945-02-15 Max Dr Hopf Einrichtung zur röntgenstereoskopischen Durchleuchtung.

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US575772A (en) * 1897-01-26 Roentgen-ray tube
US688458A (en) * 1901-09-27 1901-12-10 Eugene W Caldwell Stereoscopic x-ray apparatus.
US758117A (en) * 1903-06-22 1904-04-26 Homer Clyde Snook Stereoscopic apparatus.
DE921370C (de) * 1943-05-04 1955-02-21 Adolf Dr Med Czech Anordnung zur Erzeugung von Roentgenraumbildern mit Hilfe eines beweglichen Rasters
US2900542A (en) * 1954-09-22 1959-08-18 Harry B Mceuen X-ray apparatus

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3078326A (en) * 1959-12-28 1963-02-19 Stauffer Chemical Co Electronic furnace with shielded feed
US3248543A (en) * 1963-04-18 1966-04-26 Arthur H Pitchford X-ray spectrographic apparatus having a pair of X-ray tubes with different emission properties
US3250916A (en) * 1963-06-14 1966-05-10 Machlett Lab Inc Stereo x-ray device
US3452232A (en) * 1966-06-30 1969-06-24 Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co Multiple-cathode x-ray triode tube
US3639758A (en) * 1969-03-07 1972-02-01 Rigaku Denki Co Ltd X-ray stress measuring apparatus
US3873834A (en) * 1971-01-29 1975-03-25 Philips Corp Method of producing three-dimensional images from a series of individual images in different perspectives
US4359660A (en) * 1980-12-15 1982-11-16 Physics International Company Series diode X-ray source
US11361932B2 (en) 2017-11-21 2022-06-14 Smiths Detection Germany Gmbh Anode head for X-ray beam generators

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL251674A (ja) 1964-02-25
FR1254782A (fr) 1961-02-24
GB878207A (en) 1961-09-27
DE1132668B (de) 1962-07-05

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