US2948607A - Tantalum-titanium getter element - Google Patents

Tantalum-titanium getter element Download PDF

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Publication number
US2948607A
US2948607A US692491A US69249157A US2948607A US 2948607 A US2948607 A US 2948607A US 692491 A US692491 A US 692491A US 69249157 A US69249157 A US 69249157A US 2948607 A US2948607 A US 2948607A
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United States
Prior art keywords
titanium
tantalum
alloy
getter
tube
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Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US692491A
Inventor
Johann C S Wagener
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Union Carbide Corp
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Union Carbide Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority to NL125810D priority Critical patent/NL125810C/xx
Priority to NL232581D priority patent/NL232581A/xx
Application filed by Union Carbide Corp filed Critical Union Carbide Corp
Priority to US692491A priority patent/US2948607A/en
Priority to GB32853/58A priority patent/GB827453A/en
Priority to DEU5703A priority patent/DE1087713B/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2948607A publication Critical patent/US2948607A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J41/00—Discharge tubes for measuring pressure of introduced gas or for detecting presence of gas; Discharge tubes for evacuation by diffusion of ions
    • H01J41/12—Discharge tubes for evacuating by diffusion of ions, e.g. ion pumps, getter ion pumps
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C14/00—Alloys based on titanium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C27/00—Alloys based on rhenium or a refractory metal not mentioned in groups C22C14/00 or C22C16/00
    • C22C27/02—Alloys based on vanadium, niobium, or tantalum
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J7/00—Details not provided for in the preceding groups and common to two or more basic types of discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J7/14—Means for obtaining or maintaining the desired pressure within the vessel
    • H01J7/18—Means for absorbing or adsorbing gas, e.g. by gettering
    • H01J7/183—Composition or manufacture of getters

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a getter especially suited for cleaning up residual gases in an evacuated electronic 1 ing.
  • gases are carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide,
  • the gas adsorption quality of certain metals is utilized by application of a thin coating of such metals to the tubes interior surface.
  • the most widely used getter material is barium. It is conventionally applied to the inner surface of the tube enclosure in a thin film by thermal evaporation within the tube. Thus, in the usual process, a barium-containing getter is formed into desired shape and mounted within a tube. After sealing and evacuation of the tube, the getter is heated or flashed usually by electric resistance or inductive heating, thereby causing it to evaporate and coat the exposed surface of the tube with a layer of barium particles.
  • getters other than barium are desirable. Titanium, for instance, has properties which would make it an excellent getter material and one useful at higher temperatures than barium. Moreover, titanium does not amalgamate with mercury and can be used in mercury-containing devices for which barium is not suitable. Unfortimately, however, the melting point of pure titanium is such that a getter composed of the pure metal,
  • the figure is a vertical], partial section taken through a vacuum tube with a getterelement embodying the invention mounted therein.
  • the invention is based on the discovery that titanium may be evaporated from an alloyof titanium and tantalum upon heating the alloy to the evaporation temperature of titanium without destruction of the structure of the alloy member.
  • Binary alloys of titanium and tantalum containing be prepared by arc-melting technique.
  • the tita nium-tantalum alloy member is in the form of a disc 14, having at its center a hole approximately, half its outside diameter and being about 0.002 inch in thick ness.
  • a similarly shaped disc 16 of molybdenum or other refractory metal such as tungsten or tantalum and the like, having a vapor pressure much lower than that of titanium at elevated temperatures, and having the same inner and outer dimensions.
  • the primarypurpose of this disc is to provide a shield to prevent deposition of the getter material below it.
  • the so-welded wafer was then provided with mounting wires and secured within a glass vacuum tube envelope by fastening to the tube center column. The wafer, in mounted position, was in a horizontal plane with the molybdenum disc on the bottom side.
  • the tube was sealed and mechanically pumped to evacuate the bulk of air therefrom. Heat was then applied to the getter in conventional manner. At or about a temperature of 1800 C. the titanium in the titaniumtantalum alloy sublimed and condensed on the upper surface of the tube while the getter disc retained its shape.
  • the invention makes use of sheet or wire produced from a titanium-tantalum alloy.
  • the alloy from which such sheet or wire is produced may It is also possible to prepare the alloy by powder metallurgy methods, and getters of appropriate shape may utilize alloys so prepared.
  • An evacuated vessel having mounted therein a getter element composed of a binary alloy of titanium and tantalum, the titanium constituent of said alloy being the eifective gettering agent of said element, the tantalum constituent of said alloy serving to prevent collapse of said element when the same is heated to the sublimation temperature of titanium, said temperature being above the melting point of titanium but below the melting point of said alloy whereby said element is effective to provide an active deposit of titanium upon the surface of said vessel, said alloy containing 5% to 75% titanium, the remainder tantalum.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Discharge Lamp (AREA)
  • Gas-Filled Discharge Tubes (AREA)
  • Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
  • Common Detailed Techniques For Electron Tubes Or Discharge Tubes (AREA)
  • Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)

Description

Aug. 9, 1960 TITANIUM FILM GLASS ENVELOPE MOLYBDENUM g TITANIUM ALLOY INVENTOR. JOHANN C. S. WAGENER BY A 9 ATTORNEY United States Patent 2,948,607 TANTALUM-TITANIUM GETTER Johann C. S. Wagener, Lakewood, Ohio, assignor to Union Carbide Corporation, a corporation of New York Filed Oct. 25, 1957, Ser. No. 692,491
2 Claims. (Cl. 75-174) This invention relates to a getter especially suited for cleaning up residual gases in an evacuated electronic 1 ing. Such gases are carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide,
nitrogen, hydrogen and also water vapor, the presence of which are detrimental to tube operation and tend to limit the life of its elements.
In accomplishing a more thorough cleaning up or gettering of the residual gases remaining after mechanical evacuation, the gas adsorption quality of certain metals is utilized by application of a thin coating of such metals to the tubes interior surface. The most widely used getter material is barium. It is conventionally applied to the inner surface of the tube enclosure in a thin film by thermal evaporation within the tube. Thus, in the usual process, a barium-containing getter is formed into desired shape and mounted within a tube. After sealing and evacuation of the tube, the getter is heated or flashed usually by electric resistance or inductive heating, thereby causing it to evaporate and coat the exposed surface of the tube with a layer of barium particles.
For certain uses, getters other than barium are desirable. Titanium, for instance, has properties which would make it an excellent getter material and one useful at higher temperatures than barium. Moreover, titanium does not amalgamate with mercury and can be used in mercury-containing devices for which barium is not suitable. Unfortimately, however, the melting point of pure titanium is such that a getter composed of the pure metal,
heated by conventional heating means to flash it, collapses before the deposition of a suflicient quantity of titanium to accomplish the desired efiect.
It is the principal object of this invention to provide a getter element comprising titanium, from which element titanium may be sublimed and deposit on the surface of an evacuated device without melting the titanium-tantalum alloy, and without physical destruction of the getter element.
In the accompanying drawing:
The figure is a vertical], partial section taken through a vacuum tube with a getterelement embodying the invention mounted therein.
The invention is based on the discovery that titanium may be evaporated from an alloyof titanium and tantalum upon heating the alloy to the evaporation temperature of titanium without destruction of the structure of the alloy member.
Binary alloys of titanium and tantalum containing be prepared by arc-melting technique.
about 5% to titanium are satisfactory for the purposes of the invention. They may be wrought to sheet form or drawn to wire. A preferred range of composi= tions'js 20% to 50% titanium, the remainder tantalum. Specific allo'ys that have been used successfully are binary titanium-tantalum alloys containing about 25% titanium and about 40% titanium. Although the alloys are as pure as possible, it is of course understood that some impurities may be present in the alloy. 7
Illustrative of the invention, a getter assembly coin= prising a titanium-tantalum alloy may be mounted with in a vacuum tube 12 as shown in the figure. The tita nium-tantalum alloy member is in the form of a disc 14, having at its center a hole approximately, half its outside diameter and being about 0.002 inch in thick ness. To this disc, preferably welded thereto is a similarly shaped disc 16, of molybdenum or other refractory metal such as tungsten or tantalum and the like, having a vapor pressure much lower than that of titanium at elevated temperatures, and having the same inner and outer dimensions. The primarypurpose of this disc is to provide a shield to prevent deposition of the getter material below it. The so-welded wafer was then provided with mounting wires and secured within a glass vacuum tube envelope by fastening to the tube center column. The wafer, in mounted position, was in a horizontal plane with the molybdenum disc on the bottom side.
The tube was sealed and mechanically pumped to evacuate the bulk of air therefrom. Heat was then applied to the getter in conventional manner. At or about a temperature of 1800 C. the titanium in the titaniumtantalum alloy sublimed and condensed on the upper surface of the tube while the getter disc retained its shape.
As has been stated above, the invention makes use of sheet or wire produced from a titanium-tantalum alloy. The alloy from which such sheet or wire is produced may It is also possible to prepare the alloy by powder metallurgy methods, and getters of appropriate shape may utilize alloys so prepared.
What is claimed is:
1. An evacuated vessel having mounted therein a getter element composed of a binary alloy of titanium and tantalum, the titanium constituent of said alloy being the eifective gettering agent of said element, the tantalum constituent of said alloy serving to prevent collapse of said element when the same is heated to the sublimation temperature of titanium, said temperature being above the melting point of titanium but below the melting point of said alloy whereby said element is effective to provide an active deposit of titanium upon the surface of said vessel, said alloy containing 5% to 75% titanium, the remainder tantalum.
2. The vessel defined by claim 1 wherein said binary alloy contains 20% to 50% titanium, the remaining part tantalum.l
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Von Reklinghausen Sept. 15, 1914 OTHER REFERENCES Journal of the Institute of Metals, 1952-53, volume 81, article by Smith on pages 73-76.
Patented Aug. 9, 1960

Claims (1)

1. AN EVACUATED VESSEL HAVING MOUNTED THEREIN A GETTER ELEMENT COMPOSED OF A BINARY ALLOY OF TITANIUM AND TANTALUM, THE TITANIUM CONSTITUENT OF SAID ALLOY BEING THE EFFECTIVE GETTERING AGENT OF SAID ELEMENT, THE TANTALUM CONSTITUENT OF SAID ALLOY SERVING TO PREVENT COLLAPSE OF SAID ELEMENT WHEN THE SAME IS HEATED TO THE SUBLIMATION TEMPERATURE OF TITANIUM, SAID TEMPERATURE BEING ABOVE THE MELTING POINT OF TITANIUM BUT BELOW THE MELTING POINT OF SAID ALLOY WHEREBY SAID ELEMENT IS EFFECTIVE TO PROVIDE AN ACTIVE DEPOSIT OF TITANIUM UPON THE SURFACE OF SAID VESSEL, SAID ALLOY CONTAINING 5% TO 75% TITANIUM, THE REMAINDER TANTALUM.
US692491A 1957-10-25 1957-10-25 Tantalum-titanium getter element Expired - Lifetime US2948607A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL125810D NL125810C (en) 1957-10-25
NL232581D NL232581A (en) 1957-10-25
US692491A US2948607A (en) 1957-10-25 1957-10-25 Tantalum-titanium getter element
GB32853/58A GB827453A (en) 1957-10-25 1958-10-15 Improvements in or relating to getters
DEU5703A DE1087713B (en) 1957-10-25 1958-10-23 Getter for electrical discharge vessels, consisting of a titanium-tantalum alloy

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US692491A US2948607A (en) 1957-10-25 1957-10-25 Tantalum-titanium getter element

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US2948607A true US2948607A (en) 1960-08-09

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US (1) US2948607A (en)
DE (1) DE1087713B (en)
GB (1) GB827453A (en)
NL (2) NL232581A (en)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3161503A (en) * 1961-09-27 1964-12-15 Titanium Metals Corp Corrosion resistant alloy
US3181775A (en) * 1962-03-20 1965-05-04 Wisconsin Alumni Res Found Pumping apparatus
US3189397A (en) * 1961-02-28 1965-06-15 Rca Corp Method of getter flashing
US3209197A (en) * 1959-08-14 1965-09-28 Philips Corp Gaseous glow-discharge tube with monocrystalline metal cathode
US3322993A (en) * 1963-05-23 1967-05-30 Chirana Praha Getter body mounted on low thermal conductivity supports
US3331988A (en) * 1966-07-14 1967-07-18 Gen Electric Triggered vacuum gap device with rare earth trigger electrode gas storage means and titanium reservoir
US3795432A (en) * 1972-02-03 1974-03-05 Us Navy Method for eliminating degradation of crossed-field-amplifier performance
US3805105A (en) * 1971-06-30 1974-04-16 Gte Sylvania Inc High pressure electric discharge device with zirconium-aluminum getter
US4040129A (en) * 1970-07-15 1977-08-09 Institut Dr. Ing. Reinhard Straumann Ag Surgical implant and alloy for use in making an implant
US4925741A (en) * 1989-06-08 1990-05-15 Composite Materials Technology, Inc. Getter wire
US5954724A (en) * 1997-03-27 1999-09-21 Davidson; James A. Titanium molybdenum hafnium alloys for medical implants and devices

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1110576A (en) * 1913-07-29 1914-09-15 Cooper Hewitt Electric Co Means for improving a vacuum.
US1663561A (en) * 1927-03-03 1928-03-27 Westinghouse Lamp Co Electron-discharge device
US1679449A (en) * 1927-06-13 1928-08-07 Raytheon Inc Gaseous-conduction apparatus
US1691177A (en) * 1927-02-17 1928-11-13 Fansteel Prod Co Inc Means for obtaining vacuums
US2412302A (en) * 1941-12-03 1946-12-10 Raytheon Mfg Co Getter
US2614041A (en) * 1949-08-04 1952-10-14 Rem Cru Titanium Inc Titanium molybdenum alloys
US2656489A (en) * 1951-04-14 1953-10-20 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electron discharge device and processing thereof
US2810643A (en) * 1953-08-13 1957-10-22 Allegheny Ludlum Steel Titanium base alloys

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL52890C (en) * 1936-06-21
DE1011996B (en) * 1952-12-01 1957-07-11 Siemens Reiniger Werke Ag Vacuum vessel with a getter arrangement that can be heated to bind gases

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1110576A (en) * 1913-07-29 1914-09-15 Cooper Hewitt Electric Co Means for improving a vacuum.
US1691177A (en) * 1927-02-17 1928-11-13 Fansteel Prod Co Inc Means for obtaining vacuums
US1663561A (en) * 1927-03-03 1928-03-27 Westinghouse Lamp Co Electron-discharge device
US1679449A (en) * 1927-06-13 1928-08-07 Raytheon Inc Gaseous-conduction apparatus
US2412302A (en) * 1941-12-03 1946-12-10 Raytheon Mfg Co Getter
US2614041A (en) * 1949-08-04 1952-10-14 Rem Cru Titanium Inc Titanium molybdenum alloys
US2656489A (en) * 1951-04-14 1953-10-20 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electron discharge device and processing thereof
US2810643A (en) * 1953-08-13 1957-10-22 Allegheny Ludlum Steel Titanium base alloys

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3209197A (en) * 1959-08-14 1965-09-28 Philips Corp Gaseous glow-discharge tube with monocrystalline metal cathode
US3189397A (en) * 1961-02-28 1965-06-15 Rca Corp Method of getter flashing
US3161503A (en) * 1961-09-27 1964-12-15 Titanium Metals Corp Corrosion resistant alloy
US3181775A (en) * 1962-03-20 1965-05-04 Wisconsin Alumni Res Found Pumping apparatus
US3322993A (en) * 1963-05-23 1967-05-30 Chirana Praha Getter body mounted on low thermal conductivity supports
US3331988A (en) * 1966-07-14 1967-07-18 Gen Electric Triggered vacuum gap device with rare earth trigger electrode gas storage means and titanium reservoir
US4040129A (en) * 1970-07-15 1977-08-09 Institut Dr. Ing. Reinhard Straumann Ag Surgical implant and alloy for use in making an implant
US3805105A (en) * 1971-06-30 1974-04-16 Gte Sylvania Inc High pressure electric discharge device with zirconium-aluminum getter
US3795432A (en) * 1972-02-03 1974-03-05 Us Navy Method for eliminating degradation of crossed-field-amplifier performance
US4925741A (en) * 1989-06-08 1990-05-15 Composite Materials Technology, Inc. Getter wire
US5954724A (en) * 1997-03-27 1999-09-21 Davidson; James A. Titanium molybdenum hafnium alloys for medical implants and devices
US6200685B1 (en) 1997-03-27 2001-03-13 James A. Davidson Titanium molybdenum hafnium alloy

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Publication number Publication date
NL232581A (en)
DE1087713B (en) 1960-08-25
GB827453A (en) 1960-02-03
NL125810C (en)

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