US2945563A - Safety locks for harness - Google Patents

Safety locks for harness Download PDF

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Publication number
US2945563A
US2945563A US735304A US73530458A US2945563A US 2945563 A US2945563 A US 2945563A US 735304 A US735304 A US 735304A US 73530458 A US73530458 A US 73530458A US 2945563 A US2945563 A US 2945563A
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United States
Prior art keywords
rope
housing
harness
clamping members
lock
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Expired - Lifetime
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US735304A
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John J O'hara
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16G—BELTS, CABLES, OR ROPES, PREDOMINANTLY USED FOR DRIVING PURPOSES; CHAINS; FITTINGS PREDOMINANTLY USED THEREFOR
    • F16G11/00—Means for fastening cables or ropes to one another or to other objects; Caps or sleeves for fixing on cables or ropes
    • F16G11/04—Means for fastening cables or ropes to one another or to other objects; Caps or sleeves for fixing on cables or ropes with wedging action, e.g. friction clamps
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B35/00—Safety belts or body harnesses; Similar equipment for limiting displacement of the human body, especially in case of sudden changes of motion
    • A62B35/04—Safety belts or body harnesses; Similar equipment for limiting displacement of the human body, especially in case of sudden changes of motion incorporating energy absorbing means
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
    • E04G21/32—Safety or protective measures for persons during the construction of buildings
    • E04G21/3261—Safety-nets; Safety mattresses; Arrangements on buildings for connecting safety-lines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T24/00—Buckles, buttons, clasps, etc.
    • Y10T24/39—Cord and rope holders
    • Y10T24/3969—Sliding part or wedge

Definitions

  • My invention relates to safety devices for persons working or standing on scaffolds or other high places
  • Still other objects are to press the clamping members toward the rope with large force, to provide handy means for releasing this pressure whereby the position of the lock on the rope can be adjusted, and to provide means which, upon this release, move the clamping members away from the rope whereby the adjustment of the lock can be made without friction, hence easily and without wear of the rope.
  • Still further objects are to attain these results with simple and inexpensive means, and to provide a lock structure that can be easily manufactured and comprises only a few parts which can be easily assembled.
  • Fig. 1 shows a cross-section of an illustrative embodiment of my invention, taken along the line 1-1 in Fig. 2.
  • Fig. 2 shows a cross-section taken along the line 2-2 in Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 3 shows a perspective view illustrating the use of the same embodiment in connection with a scaffold and represented on a much smaller scale than Figs. 1 and 2.
  • numeral 3 indicates a lock shown in clamping engagement with a rope 4.
  • This lock surrounds the rope and has a housing 5.
  • the interior of this housing forms a channel going through the housing vertically from a bottom opening to a top opening.
  • a bottom plate 6 preferably forms a separately made part of the housing and is affixed, for example screwed, to the housing 5 after the later described inner parts of the lock have been inserted whereby the assemblage of the lock is facilitated.
  • the plate 6 has a central opening.
  • the channel of the housing narrows upward along a conical inner housing surface 7 of which the axis is concentric with the rope '4.
  • An extension 8 of the housing forms a lateral projec- 5 Patent part 14 shaped Patented July 19, 1960 or slot 9 whereby the housing connected to a tion and has an aperture is adapted for engagement by a hook harness.
  • a tube 11 reaches slidably through the opening of the plate 6 into the housing, surrounds the rope 4 slidably and preferably with a little clearance and extends upward as far as the surface 7.
  • the part of this tube projecting downward from the housing may have a portion '12 of reduced diameter whereby this portion forms an easily gripped handle.
  • the lower end 13 of the tube is preferably flared to facilitate introduction of the rope 4.
  • a plurality of clamping members is arranged about the rope 4 and distributed about the axis of this rope and of the conical surface 7.
  • Each of these members has a like asector of a vertical cylinder and having a concave gripping side facing'the rope. The edges of these surfaces are preferably rounded.
  • Each of the clamping members further has a part 15 extending from the part 14 radially outward, passing slidably through a slot of the tube 11 and contacting the surface 7 with an outer side shaped obliquely at an angle fitting the conical slant of the surface 7.
  • Means are provided for urging the clamping members upward so that the resistance of the surface 7 presses them toward the rope.
  • a coiled spring 16 is positioned between the bottom 6 and the member parts 15 in compressed condition. spring, the clamping members move toward the housing axis until they grip firmly and compress slightly an elongated portion of the rope '4. In this condition which is shown in the drawing, the several clamping parts 14 may contact to form a closed ring about the rope and to prevent excessive compression of the rope.
  • the aperture of the closed ring formed by the clamping members is of a diameter smaller than the diameter of the cable so that a positive, but not excessive, compression of the rope is obtained.
  • the tube 11 is pulled downward whereby the clamping members are also pulled down and are free to slide along the surface 7 and away from the rope. Thereby the pressure between clamping members and rope ceases, and the lock can be moved along the rope to adjust its position.
  • a flat spring 17 may be provided for each clamping member. This spring has ends bearing against the outside of the tube 11 and engages the member with its median portion which passes through a slot of the member part 15. In spread condition, the sectors 14 are a little spaced from each other.
  • the rope 4 constitutes a lifeline for the protection of a person positioned at considerable height.
  • this person may stand on a scalfold or a highboard '18 suspended on tackles to carry two men, two lifelines 4 may be provided, each near one end of the board.
  • Each lifeline is provided with a lock 3 which is afiixed to the lifeline at a suitable height, for example, at the level of the belt of the man.
  • a safety lock for a harness comprising a vertically hanging rope, a housing having a vertically through-going channel narrowing upward along a conical inner surface of said housing for receiving said rope, said housing being adapted to be engaged by a hook, a bottom aflixed to said housing and having a central opening, a tube extending through said opening into said channel, a plurality of clamping members positioned in said housing and distributed about the axis of said conical inner surface and each having a part forming a section of a vertical cylinder and a part extending from said section outward through a slot of said tube into contact with said conical inner surface, a leaf spring mounted in each part with the opposite ends of the spring contacting said tube to urge said parts toward said conical inner surface, and a spring positioned between said bottom and said members and urging said members upward, the edges of the extended parts conforming in shape to the conical inner surface of said housing so that when said spring urges said members upwardly the complementary surfaces of References Cited in the file of this patent UNI

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Emergency Lowering Means (AREA)

Description

July 19, 1960 J. J. O'HARA r SAFETY LOCKS FOR HARNESS Filed May 14, 1958 INVENTOR:
OW BYTIIQHM; W 0 I Unite 2,945,563 SAFETY LOCKS FOR HARNESS John J. OHara, 316 W. 14th St., New York 3, N.Y. Filed May 14, 1958, 'Ser. No. 735,304 1 Claim. (Cl. 188--65.1)
My invention relates to safety devices for persons working or standing on scaffolds or other high places,
fibers of the rope, for this purpose to clamp the rope between clamping members having concave gripping surfaces which extend like sectors of a vertical cylinder along a rope portion of considerable length, thereby to distribute the clamping pressure over a large surface of the rope whereby a large pressure can be exerted without damaging the texture of the rope, and to provide the clamping surfaces with rounded edges whereby these edges will not cut into the rope.
Still other objects are to press the clamping members toward the rope with large force, to provide handy means for releasing this pressure whereby the position of the lock on the rope can be adjusted, and to provide means which, upon this release, move the clamping members away from the rope whereby the adjustment of the lock can be made without friction, hence easily and without wear of the rope.
Still further objects are to attain these results with simple and inexpensive means, and to provide a lock structure that can be easily manufactured and comprises only a few parts which can be easily assembled.
Still other objects and advantages will appear from the following description of an exemplifying embodiment of my invention, from the appended claim and from the accompanying drawing in which:
Fig. 1 shows a cross-section of an illustrative embodiment of my invention, taken along the line 1-1 in Fig. 2.
Fig. 2 shows a cross-section taken along the line 2-2 in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 shows a perspective view illustrating the use of the same embodiment in connection with a scaffold and represented on a much smaller scale than Figs. 1 and 2.
Referring to the drawing, numeral 3 indicates a lock shown in clamping engagement with a rope 4. This lock surrounds the rope and has a housing 5. The interior of this housing forms a channel going through the housing vertically from a bottom opening to a top opening. A bottom plate 6 preferably forms a separately made part of the housing and is affixed, for example screwed, to the housing 5 after the later described inner parts of the lock have been inserted whereby the assemblage of the lock is facilitated. The plate 6 has a central opening. The channel of the housing narrows upward along a conical inner housing surface 7 of which the axis is concentric with the rope '4.
An extension 8 of the housing forms a lateral projec- 5 Patent part 14 shaped Patented July 19, 1960 or slot 9 whereby the housing connected to a tion and has an aperture is adapted for engagement by a hook harness.
A tube 11 reaches slidably through the opening of the plate 6 into the housing, surrounds the rope 4 slidably and preferably with a little clearance and extends upward as far as the surface 7. The part of this tube projecting downward from the housing may have a portion '12 of reduced diameter whereby this portion forms an easily gripped handle. The lower end 13 of the tube is preferably flared to facilitate introduction of the rope 4.
A plurality of clamping members is arranged about the rope 4 and distributed about the axis of this rope and of the conical surface 7. Each of these members has a like asector of a vertical cylinder and having a concave gripping side facing'the rope. The edges of these surfaces are preferably rounded. Each of the clamping members further has a part 15 extending from the part 14 radially outward, passing slidably through a slot of the tube 11 and contacting the surface 7 with an outer side shaped obliquely at an angle fitting the conical slant of the surface 7.
Means are provided for urging the clamping members upward so that the resistance of the surface 7 presses them toward the rope. For example, a coiled spring 16 is positioned between the bottom 6 and the member parts 15 in compressed condition. spring, the clamping members move toward the housing axis until they grip firmly and compress slightly an elongated portion of the rope '4. In this condition which is shown in the drawing, the several clamping parts 14 may contact to form a closed ring about the rope and to prevent excessive compression of the rope. However, the aperture of the closed ring formed by the clamping members is of a diameter smaller than the diameter of the cable so that a positive, but not excessive, compression of the rope is obtained.
In order to release the rope, the tube 11 is pulled downward whereby the clamping members are also pulled down and are free to slide along the surface 7 and away from the rope. Thereby the pressure between clamping members and rope ceases, and the lock can be moved along the rope to adjust its position.
Preferably, means are provided which hold the clamping members in contact with the surface 7 also when the pressure is released in the manner described. Thereby the rope cannot only slide relatively to the lock, but is so far spaced from the clamping members that all friction and wear during such sliding is avoided. For this purpose, a flat spring 17 may be provided for each clamping member. This spring has ends bearing against the outside of the tube 11 and engages the member with its median portion which passes through a slot of the member part 15. In spread condition, the sectors 14 are a little spaced from each other.
Upon release of the tube 11, the spring '16 moves this tube and the clamping members up again whereby the interlocking condition is restored immediately.
The rope 4 constitutes a lifeline for the protection of a person positioned at considerable height. For example, this person may stand on a scalfold or a highboard '18 suspended on tackles to carry two men, two lifelines 4 may be provided, each near one end of the board. Each lifeline is provided with a lock 3 which is afiixed to the lifeline at a suitable height, for example, at the level of the belt of the man.
When the level of the board is in known manner independently from each other.
Under the pressure of this 19. If the board is long enough changed as it is necessary during the work at a high wall, the locks are shifted on I desire it understood that my invention is not confined to the particular embodiment shown and described, the same being merely illustrative, and that my invention may be carried out in other ways Within the scope of the appended claim without departing from the spirit of my invention as it is obvious that the particular embodiment shown and described is only one of the many that may be employed to attain the objects of my invention.
Having described the nature of my invention, what I claim and desire to protect by Letters Patent is:
A safety lock for a harness comprising a vertically hanging rope, a housing having a vertically through-going channel narrowing upward along a conical inner surface of said housing for receiving said rope, said housing being adapted to be engaged by a hook, a bottom aflixed to said housing and having a central opening, a tube extending through said opening into said channel, a plurality of clamping members positioned in said housing and distributed about the axis of said conical inner surface and each having a part forming a section of a vertical cylinder and a part extending from said section outward through a slot of said tube into contact with said conical inner surface, a leaf spring mounted in each part with the opposite ends of the spring contacting said tube to urge said parts toward said conical inner surface, and a spring positioned between said bottom and said members and urging said members upward, the edges of the extended parts conforming in shape to the conical inner surface of said housing so that when said spring urges said members upwardly the complementary surfaces of References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Griswold Aug. 30, 1870 Jenkins Mar. 4, 1884 Westbrook May 8, 1888 Fischer May 20, 1902 Lowry et al June 26, 1906 Rainess Nov. 20, 1906 Sheppard Feb. 18, 1913 Kemp Sept. 19, 1916 Blake May 18, 1920 Nickson Mar. 9, 1926 Yannetta Dec. 1, 1936 Van Loan Jan. 9, 1945 Olander June 25, 1946 Schultz Oct. 29, 1946 Knudson Sept. 1, 1953 Irelan Sept. 14, 1954 Snow June 9, 1959 FOREIGN PATENTS France Apr. 22, 1910 France Dec. 23, 1953 Germany July 8, 1895 Germany Aug. 29, 1918
US735304A 1958-05-14 1958-05-14 Safety locks for harness Expired - Lifetime US2945563A (en)

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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3112011A (en) * 1961-07-26 1963-11-26 Benjamin F Fiste One-way releasable clutch mechanism
US3118698A (en) * 1961-10-31 1964-01-21 James P Pilger Gripping device for cylindrical objects
US3953144A (en) * 1974-02-04 1976-04-27 Boden Ogden W Cord lock with both sharp and dull teeth
US4372706A (en) * 1980-10-06 1983-02-08 Exxon Production Research Co. Emergency cable gripper
US4641816A (en) * 1984-10-06 1987-02-10 Harumoto Iron Works Co., Ltd. Apparatus for stretching, loosening, and fixing a wire member
US4844210A (en) * 1988-02-22 1989-07-04 Otis Engineering Corporation Line clamp
WO1999003538A1 (en) * 1997-07-17 1999-01-28 Octavio Bessa Lima Junior A self-acting locking device for preventing suspended bodies from free fall and acceleration
US7380832B2 (en) 2005-04-05 2008-06-03 Takata Seat Belts, Inc. Pretensioner with integrated gas generator
US20170074351A1 (en) * 2015-09-10 2017-03-16 Washington Chain & Supply, Inc. Synthetic rope socket

Citations (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE92108C (en) *
DE307466C (en) *
US106812A (en) * 1870-08-30 Improvement in fire-escapes
US294629A (en) * 1884-03-04 Fire-escape
US382574A (en) * 1888-05-08 Fire-escape
US700412A (en) * 1901-09-24 1902-05-20 Max H Fischer Clutch.
US824556A (en) * 1904-12-28 1906-06-26 Isaac B Lowry Wire-stretcher.
US836534A (en) * 1906-03-03 1906-11-20 Abraham Rainess Device for securing scarf-pins.
FR411973A (en) * 1909-04-21 1910-06-30 Joannes Alphonse Botton Brake for blinds, shades, curtains, etc.
US1053883A (en) * 1912-09-03 1913-02-18 Erle R Sheppard Scarf-pin retainer.
US1198926A (en) * 1914-01-30 1916-09-19 George E Kemp Fire-escape.
US1340146A (en) * 1917-09-19 1920-05-18 George A Blake Portable fire-escape
US1576210A (en) * 1925-05-23 1926-03-09 Nickson Nicholas Safety device for high riggers
US2062628A (en) * 1935-01-25 1936-12-01 Yannetta Peter Clutch lock
US2366818A (en) * 1943-05-07 1945-01-09 Peerless Equipnfent Company Friction draft gear
US2402571A (en) * 1943-09-27 1946-06-25 Miner Inc W H Shock absorber
US2410243A (en) * 1942-11-27 1946-10-29 Line Material Co Brake and lock mechanism
US2650866A (en) * 1949-12-22 1953-09-01 Bendix Aviat Corp Bearing
FR1064118A (en) * 1952-10-04 1954-05-11 Securing devices for bars, profiles, tubes or similar parts
US2688814A (en) * 1951-10-09 1954-09-14 Illinois Watch Case Co Locking arrangement for small inserts
US2889895A (en) * 1955-12-19 1959-06-09 John E Snow Pneumatic energy absorber

Patent Citations (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE92108C (en) *
DE307466C (en) *
US106812A (en) * 1870-08-30 Improvement in fire-escapes
US294629A (en) * 1884-03-04 Fire-escape
US382574A (en) * 1888-05-08 Fire-escape
US700412A (en) * 1901-09-24 1902-05-20 Max H Fischer Clutch.
US824556A (en) * 1904-12-28 1906-06-26 Isaac B Lowry Wire-stretcher.
US836534A (en) * 1906-03-03 1906-11-20 Abraham Rainess Device for securing scarf-pins.
FR411973A (en) * 1909-04-21 1910-06-30 Joannes Alphonse Botton Brake for blinds, shades, curtains, etc.
US1053883A (en) * 1912-09-03 1913-02-18 Erle R Sheppard Scarf-pin retainer.
US1198926A (en) * 1914-01-30 1916-09-19 George E Kemp Fire-escape.
US1340146A (en) * 1917-09-19 1920-05-18 George A Blake Portable fire-escape
US1576210A (en) * 1925-05-23 1926-03-09 Nickson Nicholas Safety device for high riggers
US2062628A (en) * 1935-01-25 1936-12-01 Yannetta Peter Clutch lock
US2410243A (en) * 1942-11-27 1946-10-29 Line Material Co Brake and lock mechanism
US2366818A (en) * 1943-05-07 1945-01-09 Peerless Equipnfent Company Friction draft gear
US2402571A (en) * 1943-09-27 1946-06-25 Miner Inc W H Shock absorber
US2650866A (en) * 1949-12-22 1953-09-01 Bendix Aviat Corp Bearing
US2688814A (en) * 1951-10-09 1954-09-14 Illinois Watch Case Co Locking arrangement for small inserts
FR1064118A (en) * 1952-10-04 1954-05-11 Securing devices for bars, profiles, tubes or similar parts
US2889895A (en) * 1955-12-19 1959-06-09 John E Snow Pneumatic energy absorber

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3112011A (en) * 1961-07-26 1963-11-26 Benjamin F Fiste One-way releasable clutch mechanism
US3118698A (en) * 1961-10-31 1964-01-21 James P Pilger Gripping device for cylindrical objects
US3953144A (en) * 1974-02-04 1976-04-27 Boden Ogden W Cord lock with both sharp and dull teeth
US4372706A (en) * 1980-10-06 1983-02-08 Exxon Production Research Co. Emergency cable gripper
US4641816A (en) * 1984-10-06 1987-02-10 Harumoto Iron Works Co., Ltd. Apparatus for stretching, loosening, and fixing a wire member
US4844210A (en) * 1988-02-22 1989-07-04 Otis Engineering Corporation Line clamp
WO1999003538A1 (en) * 1997-07-17 1999-01-28 Octavio Bessa Lima Junior A self-acting locking device for preventing suspended bodies from free fall and acceleration
US7380832B2 (en) 2005-04-05 2008-06-03 Takata Seat Belts, Inc. Pretensioner with integrated gas generator
US20170074351A1 (en) * 2015-09-10 2017-03-16 Washington Chain & Supply, Inc. Synthetic rope socket

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