US2944680A

US2944680A - Cargo hoisting apparatus

Info

Publication number: US2944680A
Application number: US727722A
Authority: US
Inventors: Jr William L Banks
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1958-04-10
Filing date: 1958-04-10
Publication date: 1960-07-12
Anticipated expiration: 1977-07-12

Description

July 12, 1960 w. L. BANKS, JR 2,944,680

CARGO HOISTING APPARATUS 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed April 10, 1958 M'l/fam 1. Bank: JP.

ATTOR/VE V y 1960 w. BANKS, JR 2,944,680

CARGO HOISTING APPARATUS Filed April 10, 1958 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR. [Mi/0am 1- Ba n/(s JR.

' l aitented It is a further object of this invention to provide a hoisting apparatus for a ship in which the boom is mountr ed at its base on a pivot whose center is forward of the 2,944,630 mast center and in which the pivotal supporting attach- TIN Ra 6 ment for the rigging is a pair of swinging swivel elements CARGO Hols G Alf}, TUS I that are spaced apart on the kingpost trestle and in which William L. Banks, J1 226 Warner Ave., the rigging includes a double topping lift to produce the Roslyn Heights, necessarylifting movement of the boom and a controlled I swinging range in an arc of 120. Flled 1958 727,722 10 -It is a still further object of this invention to provide 7 Claims. (Cl. 212-3) a hoisting apparatus for a ship in which the boom is mounted at its base on a pivot whose center is forward of the mast center and in which a pair of swinging swivels are mounted at one end thereof to a crosstree at the top s invention relates to a cargo hoisting apparatus f of the mast and in which the rigging is comprised of a ships and more particularly to the manner of rigging the double topping lift and in which the double topping lift F boom of a hoist t0 Produce the e ary m m t of is attached to the boom at one end thereof and is attached the boom lifting and Positioning the cargo where to the pair of swinging swivel elements that are spaced sired without using guy ropes to control the swinging of apart either side of the mast. the boom. V e 20 It'is a still further object of this invention to provide This invention is related to my issued Patent #2330; L a' hoisting apparatus for a ship in which the boom is 710, issued April 15, 1958. mounted at its base on a pivot that is positioned inboard In the operation of a single boom on a ship hoisting withrelation to the axis of the mast center and in which apparatus due to the hazardous conditions that exist on a pair of swingingswivels are mounted at one end thereof shipboard Whetherthe ship is docked or at sea; it has to the kingpost trestle and in which the rigging is combeen necessary t0 Provide g y pes so that a definite c011- prised of a double topping lift. and in which the double trol of the swinging movement of the boom is retained at topping lift is attached to the booth at one end thereof all times. Likewise in burtoning gear where}; two booms and is attached to the pair of: swinging swivel elements are utilized, guy ropes are provided foreachbooin so' that that are spaced apart on said kingposttrestle. V

the cargo "handled between booms can be very carefully 30. A still further object of this invention is to provide a positioned and an absolute control ofthefs'winging move- 7 hoisting apparatus for. shipsfin whichthe rigging'is 'com ment of both booms is retainedat all times. 'In the prised of adouble toppingl-ift and in which the double present invention the riggingof the boom has -bee ii' toppingilift isattached to the' boomat oneendthereof changed to provide the same degree of control ,on. the and' is attached to a pair of swinging swivel elements that V swinging movement of the boom without the use of guy '35 are spaced apart either side ofthe mastian'd attached to a-crosst'ree at thetop of the mast and in which the double ropes. p a 7 It is an object of this invention to provide ,a hoisttopping lift includestwo lines to a turning drum afiixed. ing apparatus for-a shipin which the rigging is comprised on deck and in which the two lines are rove' on the winch of a double topping lift to produce the necessary lifting drum in opposite directions so that the drum produces a movement of the boom and a controlled swinging range 40 shortening or lengthening of thelines .to'provide abridling of the boom in an arc of 240, or 120 either side ,of'a effect on the boom head. predetermined center. A still' furth'er object of this invention is to provide It is a further object of this invention to provide" a hoist a hoistingfapparatus'im ships inwhichtherig'ging' is coming apparatus for ships in which therigging is comprised prisedfdfia doubl'e't'o'pping"lift'andjin' which thedouble of a double topping lift and in-which the double topping '45 topping lift isattached t'o 'the' 'jboo m at one end thereof lift is attached to the boom at the free end and isattached and is attached. to a7kingpost"tres tle' .and in whi'chnthe to apair of swinging swivel elements thatar'e s'paed ft and att ached to the topjofthe mast at either: side the of It is a iurther objectof this inventiomto providd-a I hoisting apparatus for ships'inwhich the rigging is cojm prised of a double topping lift ,and' inwhich the-'doubl e topping liftris" attachcdto'therboom at the ire n51; is attached to a pair oi swinging swiyel-elem'en spaced apart and attached to the. top of thel. trestle. V v d @j It is .a furtherobject of this invention toprovi o. J9 i ire fiq li P. V hoisting apparatus jfor ships' inwhichthe riggingis'corn ngpost prised of a double topping lift and in which'the double I 7 T I 'g i d q h b. 9 'q ee it re an p is ched p aipei lq fiw l t. hoisting apparatus for a shipin which the boom' 15,-m 'sppcedapart either sid'e' of the mast; ed at its base on a pivotwhosecenter is forward of and inwhich the'double topping'liit includes two drums mast. center and in which the pivotal supporting attaehaifixed on deck. for the hauling joperation and-.inwhich eme'nts'that are the top'of the'rnast ment for the rigging is positioned either sideof the mast the two drums are operated on afsingle; shaft solthat the 1 and in which the rigging includes a double topping lift boom" may be topped or lowerediwhileswinginganddn to produce the necessary liiting movement of the boom 7 which the t'o'ppinglift includes two lines that are rove;on

and a controlled swinging rangein; an'ar'c 'of 1'2O 2 v w e his a further object of 'this invention to providea hoistimes a shortening or lengthening ,ofjthe' lines" to provide a winch drum in opposite directions so'that the d um' roa in g apparatus'for a ship in which the boomis mounted 55 a's'winging of the boom; inboard either-side oft he out- 'at' its base on a pivot thatis positioned inboardwith re'laboard position. I c .4 tion to the axis'of the mast center and in which the pivot- It is a further: object offithis invention to provide a a1, supporting attachment for the rigging is positioned hoisting-apparatus for'shipsin which the'rigging is comeither side of the mast and in which the; riggingincludes v prised 'of adouble toppingdift and in; whichthe double a double topping lift to"produc e; the' cnecessaryjlifting T0 toppinglift iseattachedto the boomat one. end th ereof movement of the boom 3 nd. a eqlitrolledswingipg range' andLis "attached t aepalilft ofswinging swivelelements 7 inan arc of a g V that are spaced aparteither sidot the mast attachedto the kingpost trestle and in which the double topping lift includes two drums aifixed on deck for the hauling operation and in which the two drums are operated on a single shaft so that the boom may be topped or lowered while swinging and in which the topping lift includes two lines'that are rove on a winch drum in opposite directions so that the drum produces ashortening or lengthening of the lines toiprovide' a swinging of the boom inboard either side of the outboard position.

It is a further object of this invention to provide a hoisting apparatus for ships in which the rigging is comprised of a double topping lift and in which the double topping lift is attached to the boom at one end thereof and is attached to a pair of swinging swivel elements that are spaced apart either side of the mast and at the top of the mast and in which there are provided a pair of guides, one for each swivel arm, and in which the double topping lift includes two drums affixed on deck for the hauling operation and in which the two drums are operated on a single shaft so that the boom may be topped or lowered while swinging and in which the topping lift includes two lines that are rove on a winch drum in opposite directions so that the drum produces a shortening or lengthening of the lines to provide a swinging of the boom inboard either side of the outboard po sition.

Other objects of this invention may be apparent by reference to the accompanying detailed description and the drawings in which v Fig. 1 is a side elevational View of the cargo hoisting device, p

Fig. 2 is a front elevational view taken on line 2-2 of Fig. l, 1

Fig. 3 is a plan view taken on line 33 of Fig. 1,

Fig. 4' is an enlarged detail of the and swivel arm in plan view,

Fig. 5 is a partial detail taken on line 3 of Fig. 4,

Fig. 6 is an elevational view taken on line. 6 -6 of Fig. 4,

Fig. 7 is a schematic illustration of the tackle lines in side elevation,

Fig. 8 is a front elevational view of Fig. 7 schematically illustrating the tackle lines,

Fig. 9 is a plan view of Fig. 7 schematically illustrat-' ing the tackle lines. 7 J

Referring to Figs. 1 and 2 and;3, there is illustrated a ship mast 10' in which a bracket 11 is mounted at the head of the mast. A pivot element 12 is afiiXed near the base of the mast and'a boom 14 is mounted with the heel of the boom 15 affixed the pivot e1ement12 to permit a swinging movement of the boom either side'ofthe pivot point 12 as well as arlifting or lowering ofthe boom in mast head bracket Y gooseneck is also provided with a stub shaft .20 protruding at right angles to the mounting pin 19. Shaft is provided for pivotally mounting a swivel arm 21. Thus and a lead block 44 is mounted to pin 22 by means of aperture 27. Bracket 11 (Fig. 3) is also provided with a pair of guide arms 31) projecting to either side of bracket 11 to form an abutting surface or track for either swivel arm 21 when the swivel arm 21 is pivotally moved up or down and the boom 14 is in the position illus trated in Fig. 3. When the boom 14 swings to the right or down the arm Z1 on the right may move away or down from the guide 30 on that side, but the arm 21 to the left of the mast will continue to bear against the guide 36 on that side, swinging of the boom to the left will produce a similar condition which is the reverse of the above. The boom may swing either side to a maximum 120 position, that is, in operation swivels 21 may both abut with the guides 30 in one position of movement and swivels 21 may each abut with one guide arm 30 in a right or left limit of movement. To prevent friction as the arm 21 moves along the guide arm or track 30, there is a roller 29 mounted on arm 21 so that the arm rolls along the guide arm 3%. Although arms 13 have been shown as equal in length it is also possible to make one arm 13 (preferably the outboard side) short, and the other arm 13 longer. The mast 14) is of course mounted 01' extending from the deck 9. In the operation of the hoisting device there are provided the necessary winches such as a single drum with winch 31 for controlling the swinging movement of the boom and a

double drum winch

32 and 33, that is, both

drums

32 and 33 are mounted on a single shaft 34 so that the movement of

drums

32 and 33 will be together at all times. 'A further purchase winch 35 is provided for the actual cargo lifting operation. There are a plurality of pulleys and blocks necessary to guide and control the lines, thus taking the so called topping lift 40, the line for the topping lift may be best followed by referring to Figs. 7, 8 and ,9. If we consider a single line 41 and assume that the line 41 has been rove on drum 32, the line may be passed the pivot element 12L Boom 14 at its top end is provided around a guy pulley 142 up the mast through further guy pulleys 43', 44 and through the double block 15 at the top end of the boom. From pulley 16 the line will go back over a double block 25 and continue over a guy pulley 46 and down the mast and pass ina clockwise direction around the drum of winch 31for two or three more turns and the line 41 will extend from drum 31 up the mast over a guy pulley 45 over thesecond pulley of block 25 out over the second pulley of block 16 and back over a guy pulley 47 and through a second guy pulley 48 and down the mast to a third guy pulley 49 and to the drum 33 to be rove on drum 33 in the same direction as the" lead .41 is [rove upon drum 32,. This completes the, tackle. for operating the movement of boom' v14. It 'is apparentthat operation of the winch drums '32 and 33 in a clockwise direction, Fig. 7, will takeupcabIe or line 41 and thus produce a shortening of the topping lift which in turn produces a lifting of the boom 14 while operation of the winch drums 32 and 33 in a-botinter-clbckwise direction will release line 41 lengthenifig the topping lift and allowing boom 14 to a swivel arm 21' will be mounted on either side of the mast. Arm 21 is approximately 5 ft. in length. Arm 21 is provided with a second aperture at the opposite end thereof to permit mounting a swivel pin 22'. A swivel 23 is supported by pin 22 Swivel 23 is provided with an aperture 24 to permit mounting a block 25 therein. Thus a tackle block 25 will be mounted at the end of each swivel arm on either side of the mast. Swive1'pin 22'is also provided with an aperture 27 at one 'end' thereof based upon' the direction of rotation of winch 31.

drop. With the winch drums 32 and 33 stationary it is apparent that operation of the winch drum 31 clockwise will aifect a movement of line 41 producing a pull on the one side of the topping lift to the boom while releasing line 41 on the opposite side of the topping lift to boom 14. Thiswill therefore produce a swinging movement of boom 14 and the direction of movement will be A clockwise rotation may produce a swinging of the boom to the right of a center position while a counter-clockwise rotation may produce a swinging of boom '14 to the left of the center position. The degree of swinging movement of boom 14 is of course limited to a swing either side of a center position. i V i Referring-to Fig. -1it is'appar'ent that in addition to the topping and lowering-of boom '14 by winch drums 32 and i i i V a 33 and the swinging of boom 14 by winch 31 there is also provided a purchase winch 35 which has a line 50 rove thereon, line 50 extending around a guy pulley 51 at the heel end ofthe boom and the line 50 will extend along boom 14 to its top end around a pulley 52 and will' hang downward to be attached in any standard fashion to the cargo that is to be lifted, 'Thus it is apparent that winch 35 may be used to lift the cargo with relation to boom 14 to a' desired height and drums 32 and 33 may also be used to lift boom 14 with the suspended cargo to a particular height and winch 31 may then be utilized to swing boom 14 to in turn swing the cargo to a loading position. Upon the position beingreached,

winch 35 may then be payed out to drop the cargo such as into the hold of a ship. The use of this device espec'ially on a ship at sea puts considerable strain on the swinging control. In the event there is considerable list to the ship a further safety measure may be added in'the form of a belly guy B. The belly guy comprises nothing more than a cable that is affixed on the underside of the boom head to a block and tackle B, one tackle block is attached to the belly cable B, the opposite block is loose to move, one end of the tackle line is fixed below the boom and inboard of the mast centerline, the line extendsround the blocks and the opposite end passes round a pulley B", and is rove ontoa winch 36 (Figs. 1 and 10). This belly pull is in efiect a means of stopping or retarding the, swing of boom 14 to either side of. the outboard position, and the pull may be increased or decreased.

This belly pull also is advantageouswhenrthe boom is in an outboard position and is -overlo aded,fthejbellyr-pull assists the topping liftand exerts a pull toward an in: board position, as the boom is" lifted it must swing inboardr' in Referring to'Figsll-and. 3- it is to chef noted'that the .boom 14 is longer than the mast 10, .thusit willextend' in its raisedposition to a'greater height than the'topof the mast. Thus the pivotal connection of the swivel ,arm

21 is most important This pivotal connection; permits the swivelarm' 21 to move in an arc so'that the end.

of the boom'maymove from any position well above the end of the mast to a position parallel with the deck of theship' and in any'position the topping lift will produce a str'aight'pull from the pivotal pin 20 of the gooseneck 18. It isto be'not'e'd in'Fig. 3 withthe swinging of' the boom'14,"when boom 14 swings to the left (or than its' maximum 120 position, the line 41-extending from the right hand swivel arm 21 will thus provide the means of pulling the boom back to its normal outboard position illustrated in full lines. This is similar when the boom is swung to the right and left hand swinging arm 21 is limited to the position illustrated in full lines and thus provides the means to produce the necessary pull to return the boom to its normal position.

There is a further advantage to be noted which pertains to the bridling effect. With the boom raised or at a high point (preferably not more than the heel of the boom located at the pivot point 12 is actually positioned ahead of the topping lift swivel point 18, that is, drawing a vertical dotted line X parallel with the mast from the pivot point 12 it will be forward of the pivot point Y at which 18 is located. With the heel of the boom ahead of the topping lift swivel there is a bridling effect on the boom to move it either to the port or starboard side. ,Actually the topping lift 40 will exert a side pull and the boom will tend to move either to the port or starboard until it reaches its lower point (inboard); It is to be further,

annea low point in the boom travel in the outboard position.

Thus the bridling effect requires a lift or pull on the boom to move it to the port or starboard side. Referring to Fig. 3 the pivot arms'21 can be so designed'that if an imaginary line is drawn from the pivot or swivel 18 to the opposed block 25 and a second imaginary line is drawn from the opposite swivel 18 to the opposed block 25, the point at which the two imaginary lines intersect will be slightly forward of a vertical line parallel with the mast that passes through the pivot 12 the point at which the boom pivots. This develops a low spot in the swing of the boom and therefore gives a bridling effect.

It is to be noted that with the heel of the boom ahead of the topping lift swivel at the high point of the boom, there is a tendency for the boom to'move either port or starboard side. The topping lift. will exert a side pull and the boom will tend to move until it reaches its low point (inboard). I It is to be noted that when. the topping lift swivel is positioned ahead of the boom step or heel, at the low point of the boom, the low point in the boom travel will bein the outboard position..- The travel of the boom to port orastarboard requires an actual lift.

ing of the boom as illustrated maybe at to the axis of the ship and would thus provide a swing of to either side and thus a swing of 30 in over:the ship.

Another mounting such as inFigs, 10 and 11 would provide a swing of 120 either side of the boom heel. setting 'on an axis zzvwhich is parallel to the axis of the ship.

A'stillfurther mounting of individual booms could be to position ,arms 13 at an. .angle: of about 120 from the axis; of the ship andgon a linewith the furthest working position withrelation to the hatch openings. With this mounting the. swing'of the boom would be about 60- past the 90 position on the overboard side andsufiicientswing' on'the inboard side to reach any position over the hatch.

Although the drawings and description are drawn primarily to a ship hoist it is apparent that the principal involved may apply to a hoist whether it is mounted on a ship or on land or on other equipment. It is also to be noted that although the hoisting device is provided a drum to control the swinging of. the boom to, either-side, thedrum; may be mounted directly underthehoist in-a stationary position so that a rotary movement of the -mast with relation to the drum would produce an identical control onthe movement of the boom 14 without departing from the spirit of this invention.

I claimz 1. :A cargo hoisting apparatus which includes a su l porting structure such as a ship deck and cargo mast with a cargo boom pivotally mounted at one end of the boom on the lower part of the mast for up and down and swinging lifting movement of the outer end and for transverse swinging movement over the ship deck and to positions with the outer end laterally extendingbeyond the deck, said boom being longer than said mast, a hoist cable on said boom with a hoist end depending from the outer end of the boom and a hauling end extending to and available upon the deck, a cable pulley on the outer portion of the boom, a double block on the upper inboard part of the boom, a bracket mounted on the mast head, a pair of swivel arms located in spaced relation either side of the bracket each swivel arnr mounted to swing in an arc of 120 either side of a center position and to swing in a vertical are from a maximum top position to a maximum lowered position of the boom, the outer end of each swivel arm provided with a pulley, a pair of winch drums mounted on a single shaft to be rotated in unison, a third winch drum, a rigging cable, one end of'said rigging cable rove on one of said pair of winch drums, said cable extending up said; mast to the outer end of one of said swivel arms and extending thro gh the bl block of said m end n ext ding. back to the pulley mounted at the outer .etid of s (1 same swivel arm and extending to said third winchdr'uni to, he rove on said winch drumand extending from the opposite side of said winch drum to the second swivel extending over the pulley mounted at the outer end of said swivel arm and extending to the second pulley of said fii hle bl ck at the outer en f a boom an e tendhig back to a pulley mounted on the outer end .Of the second swivel arm and extending down the mas o the sec nd f said p or Winch rums o be roveon s id drum n the same direction of rotation as the opposite end of the cable to thus provide a double topping lift for the boom and to control the swinging range of the boom,

2. In a device according to clairnf l in which the bracket mounted at the. mast head provides the pivotal support on either side for said pair of swinging swivels and in which the bracket is provided with a pair of guide arms to limit the movement of said swinging swivels in their movement toward each other to a predetermined position with relation to the central position of said boom.

3. In a device according to clairn l in which the brack-v et mounted at the mast head provides the pivotal support on either side for said pair of swinging swivels and in which the bracket is provided with a pair ofguide arms to limit the horizontal swing of said swivels toward each other said swivels also providing a workable swing of th'e boom within an arc of 120 from its central position.

4. In a device according to claim 1 in which the swinging swivels at the mast head are spaced apart a predetermined distance and are limited in (their movement toward each other in the complete working range of said boom to insure a bridling effect on either side of said boom.

5. In a device according to claim 1 in which the heel of the boom is pivotally mounted on a vertical axis that is forward of the mast center and in, which the pivotal supporting attachments for the rigging cable are centered backward of the mast center to exert a side pull on the boom either side of said boom when said boom is in a central position and high point to move the boom towards either side and low point of said boom inboard. V

6. In a device according to claim 1 in which a belly guy is attached at one end adjacent to the top of the boom and is attached in a fixed relation at its opposite end to a block, said block being part of a double block wd fall, one end of the line passing through said block and fall,

being fixed to said ships deck the opposite end passing ro n a pulley on aid de k and ing reve on towin h,- aid belly guy nd which as isting in lim t n the swin one movement of sai boom, r

7... A cargo hoist ng. pnar uswh ch ncludes supporting structure such. a a m t w th a arg boom Pi ot l v mounted at ne end of the boom on he ower hart t h m f r p an wn nd swinging-and li ting movement, a hoist cable on said boom with a hoist end depending from the outer end of the boom and a hauling end extending to and available adjacent to the base of the mast, a cable pulley on the outer portion of the boom, a double block on the upper inboard part of the boom, a bracket mounted on the mast head, a pair of swivel arms located in spaced relation either side of the bracket and retained in spaced relation by a pair of guide arms, each swivel arm mounted to swing in an arc of either side of a central position of said boom, and to swing in a vertical arc from a maximum top positioii to a maximum lowered position of the boomfth e outer end of each swivel provided with a pulley, a pair of winch drums mounted on a single shaft to be rotated in unison, a third winch drum, a rigging cable, one end of said rigging cable rove on one of said pair of winch said cable extending up said mast to the outer end of one of said swivel arms and extending through the double block of said boomend and extending back to the pulley mounted at the outer end of said same swivel arm and extending to said third winch drum to be rove on said winch drum and extending from the opposite side of said winch drum to the second swivel arm extending over the pulley mounted at the outer end of said swivel arm and extending to the second pulley of said double block at the outer end of said boom and extending back toa pulley mounted on the outer end of the second swivel arm and extending down the mast to the second of said pair of which drums to be rove on said drum in the same direction of rotation as the opposite end of the cable to thus provide a double topping lift for the boom and to control the swinging range of the boom.

R ferences Cited inthe file of this patent 4 UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,613,0 1