US2943147A - Projection system - Google Patents

Projection system Download PDF

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Publication number
US2943147A
US2943147A US708528A US70852858A US2943147A US 2943147 A US2943147 A US 2943147A US 708528 A US708528 A US 708528A US 70852858 A US70852858 A US 70852858A US 2943147 A US2943147 A US 2943147A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
medium
deformable
thickness
deformations
light
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US708528A
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English (en)
Inventor
Jr William E Glenn
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Co
Original Assignee
General Electric Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by General Electric Co filed Critical General Electric Co
Priority to US708528A priority Critical patent/US2943147A/en
Priority to GB485/59A priority patent/GB909403A/en
Priority to CH6823259A priority patent/CH375751A/de
Priority to DEG26149A priority patent/DE1130468B/de
Priority to NL235075A priority patent/NL235075A/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2943147A publication Critical patent/US2943147A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00—Details of television systems
    • H04N5/74—Projection arrangements for image reproduction, e.g. using eidophor
    • H04N5/7416—Projection arrangements for image reproduction, e.g. using eidophor involving the use of a spatial light modulator, e.g. a light valve, controlled by a video signal
    • H04N5/7425—Projection arrangements for image reproduction, e.g. using eidophor involving the use of a spatial light modulator, e.g. a light valve, controlled by a video signal the modulator being a dielectric deformable layer controlled by an electron beam, e.g. eidophor projector

Definitions

  • PROJECTION SYSTEM Filed Jan. 13, 1958 E lecfron Gun 37 I Screen /n me n for William E, Glenn, J/'.,
  • the present invention relates to a projection system of the type utilizing a deformable medium, and more particularly to the use of a deformable medium therein.
  • an electron beam that is velocity modulated by a television signal is deflected over the surface of a. high resistivity, deformable medium which is usually a liquid or a gelatin. Electrons from the beam, which are electrostatically attracted to a conducting coating beneath the medium, press on the surface of the deformable medium to produce deformations the amplitudes of which correspond to the instantaneous amplitude of the television, signal when the respective deformations were formed.
  • This deformable medium is placed in a suitable light and optical system wherein the deformations phase ditfract light to produce a viewable image the intensity of which is a function of the amplitudes of the deforma tions and thus also a function of the applied television signal.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a projection system in which the deformable medium does not decrease to zero thickness under pressure of electrons.
  • ,Anotherobject is the use in projection systems of a deformable'medium' that maintains its thickness independently of the length of time it is subjected to pressure by electrons.
  • my invention comprises a projection system in which I use a deformable medium having a resistivity that decreases with decreases in thickness of the medium.
  • Beam 13 is preferably velocity modulated by a television signal that is applied to the deflection means (not shown) in electron gun 11.
  • Deformable medium 15 has a center portion 19 of decreased thickness, coincident with the raster area of beam 13, which is produced by electrons from beam 13 that are attracted to a conducting coating 21 on the inner surface of container 17. These electrons also produce deformations in the surface of medium 15, the amplitudes of which are a function of the number of electrons deposited by beam 13 at the various points on the surface of medium 15. Consequently, the amplitudes of these deformations are a function of the television signal modulating electron beam 13.
  • deformations are utilized to diifract light from a light source 23 in an optical system which is illustrated as including a lens 24 that images light source 23 on the surface of medium 15 through a bar and slit system 25.
  • Another lens 29 images the slits of system 25 on the bars of another bar and slit system 31 in the absence of deformations in the surface of medium 15.
  • any deformations phase diffract the light so that it passes through the slits in system 31 with an intensity that corresponds to the amplitudes of the deformations and thus the amplitudes of the applied television signal.
  • the light passing through system 29 is imaged by a projection lens 33 on a screen 35 after reflection from a mirror 37.
  • the average charge density produces a force on medium 15 that overcomes the surface tension from the excess medium outside the raster area and decreases the portion 19 of medium 15 to zero thickness. Then, of course, no deformations can be formed and the system becomes inoperative until medium 15 is replaced.
  • portion 19 does not decrease to zero thickness under the pressure of the charges but rather maintains a thickness the value of which is a function of the magnitude of charge density on the surface of medium 15.
  • the time constant is decreased for the passage of leakage current from the surface of medium 15 to the conducting coating 21 beneath it.
  • the resulting increase in leakage current decreases the charge den sity on the surface of medium 15 thereby relieving the pressure to some degree.
  • an equilibrium condition is attained 'in which the pressure from the charges on the surface of medium 15 equals the pressure from the surface tension on the excess medium around the raster. Then the thickness at this equilibrium condition is maintained.
  • the charge density on the surface of medium 15 never decreases to zero due to the leakage because it is continually replaced by the electrons from beam 1 3.
  • medium 15 it must be transparent, be capable of withstanding electron bombardment without significant decomposition, have a viscosity that for the operating temperature, which will probably be between 25 C. and C., of approximately 100 to 50,000 centistokes, and, of course, it must not decompose the conducting coating 21.
  • the medium 15 of the present invention should have a resistivity that varies within the range of approximately 10 to 10 ohms-cm, with the average resistivity at the stable thickness being approximately 10 ohms-cm.
  • Methyl silicone fluids containing up to about 5% of phenyl silicones.
  • Methylphenyl silicones containing an average of 2 methyl and phenyl groups per silicon atom in which the mole ratio of methyl groups to silicon atoms is greater than 0 and less than 2.0.
  • a projection system comprising a container having a conducting interior, a deformable medium in said container that decreases in resistivity with decreases in thickness and in the presence of an electrical charge on the surface thereof, an electron beam means for producing an electrical charge on the surface of said deformable medium as a function of an applied electrical signal and cooperating with said conducting interior to subject the medium to a deforming force to produce deformations in the surface of said medium, and a light and optical system for projecting light as a function of the deformations in the surface of said medium.
  • deformable medium is selected from the group consisting of methyl silicone fluids. and beeswax.
  • a projection system comprising adeformable light modulating medium that decreases in resistivity with decreases in thickness in the presence of an electrical charge silicone fluid having a 4 r substantially constant potential in association with said deformable light modulating medium whereby the particles of charge in the charge pattern on the surface of said deformable light modulating medium are attracted to said element to produce deformations in the surface of said medium, and a light and optical system for projecting light as a function of the deformations in the surface of said medium.
  • a projection system comprising a deformable me dium having a resistivity that varieswith the thickness of surface of said medium that in electrically reacting with said conducting plane produces deformations in the surface of said medium, the resistivity of said medium varying with the medium thickness in the presence of electrical charge on the surface thereof such that the surface tension of said medium andthe force resulting from the reaction of said electrical charge and said conducting plane reach a condition of equilibrium such that the thickness ofsaid medium is maintained, and a light and optical system for projecting light as a function of the deformations in the surface of said medium.
  • a projection system comprising a deformable light modulating medium the resistivity of which decreases with decreases in thickness of said medium in the presence dium, an element for establishing-a region of substantially on the surface thereof, an electron beam means for producing a charge pattern on the surface of said deformable light modulating medium as a function of applied signals, means including an element for establishing a region of constant potential in association with said deformable light modulating medium whereby the particles of charge in the charge pattern on the surface of said deformable light modulating medium are attracted to said element to produce deformations in the surface of said medium, the
  • volume resistivity of said medium varying with the medium thickness such that the surface tension of said medium and the force of said electrical charge cooperating with said element reach a condition of equilibrium such that the thickness of said medium is maintained, and a light and optical system for projecting light as a function of the deformations in the surface ofsaid medium.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Transforming Electric Information Into Light Information (AREA)
  • Cathode-Ray Tubes And Fluorescent Screens For Display (AREA)
  • Vessels, Lead-In Wires, Accessory Apparatuses For Cathode-Ray Tubes (AREA)
US708528A 1958-01-13 1958-01-13 Projection system Expired - Lifetime US2943147A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US708528A US2943147A (en) 1958-01-13 1958-01-13 Projection system
GB485/59A GB909403A (en) 1958-01-13 1959-01-06 Improvements relating to systems for producing deformations in the surface of a deformable medium
CH6823259A CH375751A (de) 1958-01-13 1959-01-12 Fernsehprojektionsgerät mit einem durch Aufbringen von elektrischen Ladungen deformierbaren Medium
DEG26149A DE1130468B (de) 1958-01-13 1959-01-13 Fernsehprojektionsgeraet
NL235075A NL235075A (de) 1958-01-13 1959-01-13

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US708528A US2943147A (en) 1958-01-13 1958-01-13 Projection system

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2943147A true US2943147A (en) 1960-06-28

Family

ID=24846147

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US708528A Expired - Lifetime US2943147A (en) 1958-01-13 1958-01-13 Projection system

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US2943147A (de)
CH (1) CH375751A (de)
DE (1) DE1130468B (de)
GB (1) GB909403A (de)
NL (1) NL235075A (de)

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3181170A (en) * 1963-07-25 1965-04-27 Northrop Corp Optical display device
US3196013A (en) * 1962-06-07 1965-07-20 Xerox Corp Xerographic induction recording with mechanically deformable image formation in a deformable layer
US3196011A (en) * 1962-05-08 1965-07-20 Xerox Corp Electrostatic frosting
US3196009A (en) * 1962-05-08 1965-07-20 Xerox Co Electrostatic image liquid deformation development
US3270133A (en) * 1964-01-24 1966-08-30 Gen Electric Projection system with improved deformable medium
US3273999A (en) * 1962-07-02 1966-09-20 Xerox Corp Image deformation utilizing a prism
US3288927A (en) * 1964-01-02 1966-11-29 Gen Electric Projection system
US3314052A (en) * 1963-04-12 1967-04-11 Ibm Light modulation system
US3357300A (en) * 1964-03-11 1967-12-12 Brunswick Corp Printable material and projection system
US3439982A (en) * 1967-12-20 1969-04-22 Gen Precision Systems Inc Optical insetting
US3626084A (en) * 1970-06-12 1971-12-07 Ibm Deformographic storage display tube
US3715494A (en) * 1971-01-28 1973-02-06 Gen Electric Projection system
US4032338A (en) * 1974-10-16 1977-06-28 Rca Corporation Holographic recording medium employing a photoconductive layer and a low molecular weight microcrystalline polymeric layer
US5231432A (en) * 1991-12-03 1993-07-27 Florida Atlantic University Projector utilizing liquid crystal light-valve and color selection by diffraction

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2605352A (en) * 1940-08-28 1952-07-29 Fischer Ernst Friedrich Deformable medium for controlling a light stream

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH257897A (de) * 1946-12-10 1948-10-31 Foerderung Forschung Gmbh Fernsehprojektor.

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2605352A (en) * 1940-08-28 1952-07-29 Fischer Ernst Friedrich Deformable medium for controlling a light stream

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3196011A (en) * 1962-05-08 1965-07-20 Xerox Corp Electrostatic frosting
US3196009A (en) * 1962-05-08 1965-07-20 Xerox Co Electrostatic image liquid deformation development
US3196013A (en) * 1962-06-07 1965-07-20 Xerox Corp Xerographic induction recording with mechanically deformable image formation in a deformable layer
US3273999A (en) * 1962-07-02 1966-09-20 Xerox Corp Image deformation utilizing a prism
US3314052A (en) * 1963-04-12 1967-04-11 Ibm Light modulation system
US3181170A (en) * 1963-07-25 1965-04-27 Northrop Corp Optical display device
US3288927A (en) * 1964-01-02 1966-11-29 Gen Electric Projection system
DE1270189B (de) * 1964-01-02 1968-06-12 Gen Electric Kathodenstrahlroehre mit einem Lichtsteuerschirm
US3270133A (en) * 1964-01-24 1966-08-30 Gen Electric Projection system with improved deformable medium
US3357300A (en) * 1964-03-11 1967-12-12 Brunswick Corp Printable material and projection system
US3439982A (en) * 1967-12-20 1969-04-22 Gen Precision Systems Inc Optical insetting
US3626084A (en) * 1970-06-12 1971-12-07 Ibm Deformographic storage display tube
US3715494A (en) * 1971-01-28 1973-02-06 Gen Electric Projection system
US4032338A (en) * 1974-10-16 1977-06-28 Rca Corporation Holographic recording medium employing a photoconductive layer and a low molecular weight microcrystalline polymeric layer
US5231432A (en) * 1991-12-03 1993-07-27 Florida Atlantic University Projector utilizing liquid crystal light-valve and color selection by diffraction

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB909403A (en) 1962-10-31
CH375751A (de) 1964-03-15
DE1130468B (de) 1962-05-30
NL235075A (de) 1964-02-25

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