US2940390A - Explosive ammunition and a method of manufacturing the same - Google Patents

Explosive ammunition and a method of manufacturing the same Download PDF

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Publication number
US2940390A
US2940390A US632333A US63233357A US2940390A US 2940390 A US2940390 A US 2940390A US 632333 A US632333 A US 632333A US 63233357 A US63233357 A US 63233357A US 2940390 A US2940390 A US 2940390A
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United States
Prior art keywords
explosive
mold
casing
layer
explosive material
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Expired - Lifetime
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US632333A
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English (en)
Inventor
Bergstrom Lars Oscar
Persson Janne Olof
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Saab Bofors AB
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Bofors AB
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Publication date
Application filed by Bofors AB filed Critical Bofors AB
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Publication of US2940390A publication Critical patent/US2940390A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B33/00—Manufacture of ammunition; Dismantling of ammunition; Apparatus therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/72—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material
    • F42B12/76—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material of the casing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B23/00—Land mines ; Land torpedoes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to explosive ammunition and a method of manufacturing the same.
  • ammumtion as herein used is intended toencompass stationary ammunition, for instance land,
  • mines such as anti-tank mines and also ballistic missiles such as shells, thewarheads of rockets, etc.
  • one of the objects of the present invention is to provide a novel and improved ammunition of :the land mine type which when concealed cannot be detected by detectors responsive to metal or by the odor .of. its casing yet possesses a strength fully adequatefor the purpose.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a novel and improved piece of ammunition which utilizes as a casing a special re-enforced layer which is formed out of the explosive material and hence participates in the explosive effect thereby amplifying same.
  • Still another object of the invention is to provide a novel and improved casing made of explosive material and of considerable strength which casing is suitable for use as -a shell casing, a casing for the war head of a rocket,- a casing for a land mine etc., and which if used as the casing for a land mine affords the specific advantage of defying detection by its odor. 7
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a novel and improved method of manufacturing ammunition of the general kind above referred to.
  • a still further object of the invention is to provide a novel and improved method of manufacturing ammunition in which liquefied but hardening explosive material is layered, the outermost layer being reinforced and constituting the casing of the ammunition.
  • Yet a further object of the invention is to provide a 2,940,390 Patented June 14,1960
  • v V Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a mold for manufacturing a land mine according to the invention, the method of manufacture being shown in an initial stage.
  • Fig. 2 is a sectional view similar to Fig. 1,, but showing a more advanced stage of the manufacture.
  • Fig. 3 is a sectionalperspective view of the mold and Fig. 4 is a perspective sectional view of a mold designeda for producing a casing according to the invention for a shell, and
  • Fig. 5 is a sectional view of a completedshell casing according to the invention while being removed from.
  • Figs. 1, 2 and 3 the exemplification of the invention according to these figures, shows two halves 1 and 2. of a mold for manufacturing the casing for a land mine.
  • One or several protrusions or inserts may be providedwithin the mold to serve as mounting lugs for parts which have to be fitted in the body of the casing or the finished mine.
  • the half 1 of the mold shown as the upper part thereof is. formed with an aperture! in which is fitted an internally threaded cup or sleeve 4 intended to protrude into the body of the casing.
  • Sleeve or cup 4 may be used to receive the firing mechanism of the mine or a part of the mechanism.
  • the mold cavity defines the usual, generally oval or lentil shape and has at diametrically opposite points of its peripheral rim two apertures inwhich plugs 5 and 6 are threaded.
  • Aperture 3 may also be used for this purpose.
  • the cavity of the mold is lined with a fibrous layer 7 in amanner such that the material of the layer forms in 'eifect a more or less coherent fabric.
  • the layer material should be such that mine detectors do not respond thereto. 1 Glass wool has been found suitable for the purpose.
  • buthardening explosive material 8 This explosive is poured into :the mold through one or two of the openings therein, one of the openings being reserved as an air vent. In the event opening 3 is utilized as a filling opening, sleeve or 'cup 4- is subsequently inserted. The filled-in explosive will begin to harden from its outside surface toward its interior and after an appropriate length of time, depending upon the characteristics of the explosive employed, a sufficient quantity of the explosive will have hardened to form a wall of appropriate thickness. Plugs 5 and 6 which have been reinserted upon completion-of the filling operation are now removed and the part of the explosive still liquefied is poured out as shown in Fig. 2, leaving in the mold a casing of the desired wall thickness and reinforced by the fiber material embedded therein. The mold is thereupon refilled either with the same explosive or with another suitable liquid explosive. After the second filling has hardened enough to form a second layer usually adhesive to the first layer, the remaining still liquefied explosives is poured out. In
  • ftube can be rotated by suitable drive means and also be moved up and down within themold havity. It should ;bevisu,alized as being connectedtofasupplybf suitable this manner any desired number of layers may be cast.
  • the mold comprises'two halves l and z' which may be joined to each joth'e'r by-a conventional screw joint.
  • the upper half ll of th'eflnzioldio'r fojrm-ingtlie 'Tn'ose end of the shell casing has an axial bore :3", in -which e sleeve 4' can befitted to form a'housingfor the ee lower half 2"oi'the mold alsoihas an axial' bore '5" for receiving a sleeve that is intended to extend inthe body, of the'finishe d shell casing.
  • Sleeve 6 serves to house an other part of thejfiring mechanism.
  • the-inner wall of the mold is lined with a reinforcement layer 7 inthe form 'of a fabri'cjlay er.
  • Layer 7'- may be made of glass'woo-l or of metal especially metalithr'eads sincefthe problem of detection is not present with shell casings.
  • tube 9 This liquefied explosive material.
  • tube 9 is lowered within the mold to a point fat waiters mouth is'close fto the bottom'of the mold then rotated'while being ,slowlyraised.
  • tube 9 can also lie-procured by rotating the mold proper, or rotatingboth the. feed Asis obvious from the previous description, casings for" layer.
  • casings according to the invention, that is, casings having awall made of explosive material including uniformly distributedreinforcement material, possess a .veryrconsiderable strength. It has been found that casings for land mines are capable of withstanding a load of about.2,0,00 kg. when the cavity of the casing is filled with explosive material.
  • a self contained explosive land mine comprising, in combination, an external reinforcing layer, a plurality of discrete internal cast layers ofhardened explosive material .en-ve'loped by said external reinforcing layer,ysaid "external reinforcing layerincluding a fabric'skeleton of inter-meshing fibrous material embedded in the outermost one of said internal cast layers, the explosive material-0f said'outermost internal cast layer penetrating into the interstices of said fibrous material bonding said external reinforcing layer to said outermost internal cast v2.
  • f x r 3 A casing according to claim 1, wherein saidfabricis made of metal threads.
  • a method of producing ammunition of the kind described comprising the steps of lining a mold cavity defining the outer configuration of a casing with a'layer of fibrous intermeshing material, inserting in the mold cavity a'feeder tube for feeding hardening liquefied explosive material'into the lined cavity, displacing 'thedischarge end of said tube axially within the mold cavity between the top and the bottom thereof and simultaneously rotating the mold and the tube relative to the mold'abou't its-longitudinal axis, whereby the explosive material is e i applied by centrifugal force to said fibrous linerpenctra'te ing into the interstices thereof, allowing time for harden? ing of the explosive material filling said interstices," removing still liquid explosive material” whereby theremaining hardened explosive material constitutes a casing reinforced by thefibrous material embedded therein, and

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
US632333A 1956-01-11 1957-01-03 Explosive ammunition and a method of manufacturing the same Expired - Lifetime US2940390A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE350223X 1956-01-11

Publications (1)

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US2940390A true US2940390A (en) 1960-06-14

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US (1) US2940390A (US20020128544A1-20020912-P00008.png)
BE (1) BE553725A (US20020128544A1-20020912-P00008.png)
CH (1) CH350223A (US20020128544A1-20020912-P00008.png)
NL (2) NL100193C (US20020128544A1-20020912-P00008.png)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3098440A (en) * 1959-06-04 1963-07-23 Rheinmetall Gmbh Land mine, more particularly anti-tank mine
US3176617A (en) * 1962-06-11 1965-04-06 Beloit Corp Separate loading of artiliery propellant charges
US3267182A (en) * 1963-03-26 1966-08-16 Kamalian Nenbar Method of constructing a rocket motor
US3727512A (en) * 1969-03-13 1973-04-17 Zeebrugge Forges Sa Process for the surface treatment of non metallic cases such as cartridges, and the so treated cases
US3960049A (en) * 1975-03-19 1976-06-01 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Reinforcement of cast or pressed explosives
US4068589A (en) * 1974-06-14 1978-01-17 Wasag Chemie Ag Method for the production of combustible ammunition containers and product thereof
US4380186A (en) * 1980-09-15 1983-04-19 Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft, represented by Eidg. Munitionsfabrik Thun der Gruppe fur Rustungsdienste Method and apparatus for fabricating pipeless explosive and propellant charges

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE228873C (US20020128544A1-20020912-P00008.png) *
US1301380A (en) * 1917-07-02 1919-04-22 James Frank Buckingham Incendiary projectile.
GB484438A (en) * 1936-08-03 1938-05-05 Algo Santo Bevacqua Improvements in and relating to bombs, shells and the like projectiles
US2195429A (en) * 1938-02-25 1940-04-02 Shaler Harrison Method of loading an explosive into a container
US2479861A (en) * 1944-06-22 1949-08-23 Onondaga Pottery Company Land mine
US2564751A (en) * 1945-05-19 1951-08-21 Lawrence H Cook Grenade
FR1097371A (fr) * 1953-08-12 1955-07-05 Procédé de remplissage de projectiles
FR1098880A (fr) * 1954-04-16 1955-08-23 Microcell Ltd Perfectionnements aux lance-fusées

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE228873C (US20020128544A1-20020912-P00008.png) *
US1301380A (en) * 1917-07-02 1919-04-22 James Frank Buckingham Incendiary projectile.
GB484438A (en) * 1936-08-03 1938-05-05 Algo Santo Bevacqua Improvements in and relating to bombs, shells and the like projectiles
US2195429A (en) * 1938-02-25 1940-04-02 Shaler Harrison Method of loading an explosive into a container
US2479861A (en) * 1944-06-22 1949-08-23 Onondaga Pottery Company Land mine
US2564751A (en) * 1945-05-19 1951-08-21 Lawrence H Cook Grenade
FR1097371A (fr) * 1953-08-12 1955-07-05 Procédé de remplissage de projectiles
FR1098880A (fr) * 1954-04-16 1955-08-23 Microcell Ltd Perfectionnements aux lance-fusées

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3098440A (en) * 1959-06-04 1963-07-23 Rheinmetall Gmbh Land mine, more particularly anti-tank mine
US3176617A (en) * 1962-06-11 1965-04-06 Beloit Corp Separate loading of artiliery propellant charges
US3267182A (en) * 1963-03-26 1966-08-16 Kamalian Nenbar Method of constructing a rocket motor
US3727512A (en) * 1969-03-13 1973-04-17 Zeebrugge Forges Sa Process for the surface treatment of non metallic cases such as cartridges, and the so treated cases
US4068589A (en) * 1974-06-14 1978-01-17 Wasag Chemie Ag Method for the production of combustible ammunition containers and product thereof
US4178207A (en) * 1974-06-14 1979-12-11 Wasag Chemie Ag Apparatus for production of combustible ammunition containers
US3960049A (en) * 1975-03-19 1976-06-01 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Reinforcement of cast or pressed explosives
US4380186A (en) * 1980-09-15 1983-04-19 Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft, represented by Eidg. Munitionsfabrik Thun der Gruppe fur Rustungsdienste Method and apparatus for fabricating pipeless explosive and propellant charges

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH350223A (de) 1960-11-15
NL213017A (US20020128544A1-20020912-P00008.png)
NL100193C (US20020128544A1-20020912-P00008.png)
BE553725A (US20020128544A1-20020912-P00008.png)

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