US2939452A

US2939452A - Wall member for heated compartment

Info

Publication number: US2939452A
Application number: US432396A
Authority: US
Inventors: George W Kamin
Original assignee: CRIBBEN AND SEXTON Co
Current assignee: CRIBBEN AND SEXTON Co
Priority date: 1954-05-26
Filing date: 1954-05-26
Publication date: 1960-06-07
Anticipated expiration: 1977-06-07

Description

June 7, 1960 Filed May 26, 1954 G. W. KAMIN WALL MEMBER FOR HEATED COMPARTMENT 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 INV TOR.

6 'mzra ATTORNEY-5,

June 7, 1960 G. w. KAMlN 2,939,452

WALL MEMBER FOR HEATED compm'rmzm Filed May 26, 1954 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR:

lO iNEXa June 7, 1960 Filed May 26, 1954 G. w. KAMlN WALL MEMBER FOR HEATED COMPARTMENT 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 ATTORNEYS.

United States Patent WALL MEMBER FOR I'HEATED COMPARTMENT George W. Kamin, Lombard, Ill., assignor to Cribben and Sexton Company, Chicago, 111., a corporation of Illinois Filed May 26, 1954, Ser. No. 432,396

7 Claims. (Cl. 126-190) This invention relates to an insulating wall member for a heated space, and more particularly to an insulating closure for the access opening of a heated space or compartment. The invention is especially useful in ovens, broilers, etc., of cooking stoves, but has utility in other environments, as will be apparent hereinafter.

In heated compartments such as the ovens and broilers of cooking stoves, for example, it is desirable to maintain the exterior walls relatively cool while the interior of the compartment is at a relatively high temperature. This result is desirable both from the standpoint of safety and from the point of view of reducing heat loss and thereby conserving fuel. Numerous wall structures have been proposed but none have been completely satisfactory and there exists a need for wall structures that are able to produce the named results.

It is, accordingly, an object of this invention to provide a wall structure capable of maintaining the exterior surface of the wall relatively cool though the interior surface of the wall is relatively hot. Another object is to provide a wall structure operative to produce that resultwithout increasing fuel consumption in order to maintain a heated space enclosed by the wall at a desired I temperature, as is the condition where air is circulated through a Wall to cool the exterior surface thereof. Still another object is to provide a wall structure for a heated compartment or space wherein the wall provides a good insulating means for the compartment and permits a cool exterior wall surface even though the interior surfaces are relatively hot; the wall structure being relatively thin, sturdy and adapted to economical fabrication whereby it is suitable for use in domestic kitchen stoves.

A further object is in providing a wall structure that may be a closure door for an oven or the like, the door providing an inner panel secured to other door members at spaced points that provide limited metal-to-metal contact areas whereby the heat conduction from the inner panel to the other door members is at a minimum. Still a further object is in the provision of a closure door for the oven, broiler, etc., of a cooking stove and in which the door comprises spaced-apart inner and outer panels and support frame therefor, the space between the panels being filled with insulation and the interior panel being secured to the frame by reduced and limited metal-to-metal contact areas. Additional objects and advantages will appear as the specification proceeds. Embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a vear view'in elevation of a closure door 7 embodying the invention and in which parts are broken away to show the door construction; Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view of a closure door embodying the invention and shown mounted in position for closing the' access opening of a kitchen stove; Fig. 3 is a broken vertical sectional view in enlargement showing one form of securing the inner wall panel to the frame members of the wall; Fig. 4 is a broken vertical sectional view "similar to that of Fig- 3 but showing a modified form Patented June 7, 1960 of securing the inner panel to the frame members; Fig. 5 is a broken rear view in elevation showing a modified form of the invention; Fig. 6 is a vertical sectional view taken on the line 6-6 of Fig. 5; and Fig. 7 is a broken vertical sectional view showing a modification.

It has been brought out hereinbefore that the invention relates to insulating wall structures adapted for use in providing closures for heated spaces or compartments. The drawings illustrate a specific type of wall structure wherein the wall is movable and may provide a closure for an access opening. It will be appreciated, however, that such showing is exemplary only and that the invention and wall construction incorporating the same may be used in rigid, immovable wall structures.

Referring now to Fig. 2 in particular, it is seen that a wall member is provided having an exterior panel 10 equipped adjacent the edge portion thereof with a peripheral flange 11 that is turned rearwardly. Spaced from the exterior panel 1%} is an inner or interior panel 12 that is also equipped with a forwardly-turned peripheral flange 13 that is turned outwardly adjacent the inner end thereof to provide the flange or wall portion 14. If desired, the inner panel 12 may be equipped with a ridge orrib .15 that reinforces the panel and stiffens the same. The inner and outer panel members are spaced apart, and mounted therebetween are the frame members 16. The frame member 16 comprises a frame portion 17 and a liner portion 18.

As is shown best in Fig. 1, the frame 17 is generally in the shape of a diamond and provides a central opening that is indicated generally at 19. The frame 17 is formed with a relatively flat edge portion 20 and an inwardly and laterally inclined section 2.1 and a relatively flat vertical portion 22 that is substantially parallel with the edge portion 20. The liner 18 has a forwardly-turned peripheral flange 23 that is telescopically received within the flange 11 provided by the outer panel 10. As can be seen in Fig. 2, the inner edge portion of the liner 18 is turned laterally and in an opposite direction to the flange 23 to provide a flange portion 24. The liner 18 preferably provides a central opening 25 therethrough as shown, but in certain instances could be closed throughout its entire area. In result, then, substantially the entire space between the inner and outer Wall panels is open and, as shown in Fig. 2, this space is filled with an insulation 26. The insulation 26 may take on any suitable characteristic and will have the property of conducting heat slowly, as for example, spun glass. Since insulations of this character are well known in the art, it is believed unnecessary to further describe them in detail.

It can be seen in Fig. 1 that the liner 18 is rigidly secured to the frame 17 at spaced-apart points by means of spot welds 27. The outer panel 10 is preferably 'rigidly secured to the liner 18 so as to provide a relatively rigid structure. Forexample, .the inwardly-turned flange portion 11 of the outer panel may be welded at spacedapart points to the flange 23 provided by the liner 18 if desired; however, I prefer to secure the panel 10 and liner 18 together through the mounting of the handle 28 and interlocking lugs at the bottom thereof which are not shown since old and well known in the art. As seen in the illustration of Fig. 2, the liner 18 may be provided with a plurality of apertures therethrough that freely receive bolt members 29 that extend in turn through longitudinal passages provided through spacer members 30. An insulating washer 31 may be interposed between the spacer'30 and the panel 10, and the screw 29 extends through this washer member, through the panel '10, and is threadedly received within a threaded aperture provided by the handle member 28.

. The inner panel 12 is secured to the framememberl6 at spaced-apart points that provide limited contact areas whereby the metal-to-metal contact between the inner panel and the frame member is limited and there is little conduction of heat from the inner panel 12 to the frame member and thereafter to the exterior panel 10. The inner panel may be rigidly secured to the frame member, it may be adjustably secured to the frame member, or it may be carried by spring means which permit free expansion and contraction of the door elements relative to each other and at the same time are operative to bias the inner panel into sealing engagement with the wall surface about an access opening of a heated compartment or space. Fig. 3 illustrates an adjustable mounting for the inner panel 12 and in this particular construction the flange portion 14 of the inner panel is apertured at spaced points to permit the insertion therethrough of bolts 33. Preferably the flange portion 14 is recessed at spaced points where the bolt 33 is received, as is indicated by the numeral 34, so that the head of the bolt does not extend outwardly beyond the face of the flange 14. A washer 35 formed from asbestos or some other insulating material is interposed between the flange 14 and the liner 18 and thereby breaks the heating circuit from the panel 12 and flange 14 thereof to the liner 18. Both the frame 17 and liner 18 are apertured so as to receive the bolt 33 and a nut 36 threadedly received upon the threaded shank of the bolt draws the frame member, panel 12 and washer 35 tightly together. It will be apparent that the exact spacing between the flange 14 and liner 18 can be varied simply by employing washers-35 having greater or lesser width as the case may be.

' A modified form of securing the inner panel 12 to the frame member 16 is shown in Fig. 4. In this form of mounting the flange 14 of the inner panel is recessed as before to receive the head of the bolt 37. The flange 14 is apertured, as are the frame 17 and liner 18, all of .which receive the shank of the bolt 37. A nut 38 is threadedly received upon the threaded shank of the bolt 37 and a spring member 39 interposed'between the flange 14 and the liner 18 tends to bias the flange and the inner panel away from the liner 18. The resilient spring 39 is operative to permit the inner panel 12 to move toward the center of the wall slightly when, as in the case of a movable wall that provides a closure member, the closure member or door is moved into closing position, as is shown in Fig. 2. This spring construction permits the inner panel to be adjusted relative to the frame member and at the same time permits the inner panel to expand and contract relative to the frame member. Spring type mountings such as are shown in Fig. 4 may be used about the inner panel and provide the sole means of supporting the same or, if desired, a combination of the spring mounting members and the bolt construction shown in Fig. 3 may be employed. The specific arrangement is not critical and the result to be achieved in each case is to connect the inner panel to the frame member only at spaced points which provide limited contact areas and thereby minimize the metal-to-metal contact between the inner panel and the frame support therefor.

In Fig. 2 the wall structure is shown adapted as a closure member for an oven such as might be found in kitchen cooking stoves. The front panel of face of the stove is designated by the numeral 40 and as shown the member 40 turns rearwardly and provides a generally horizontal surface that may form the top 41 of the stove. An inner wall 42 separates the oven compartment 43 from the upper portions of the stove. If desired, a bracket 44 secured at one end to the wall member 40 and at its opposite end to the wall member 42 may provide a means for supporting the division wall 42 at a spaced distance below the upper wall of the stove. The bottom wall for the oven space 43 is designated by the numeral 44a. A sealing gasket 45 that may be formed of nylon or some other suitable material may be carried by the flange 14 of the inner panel 12 and when the closure member is in the position shown in Fig. 2 a tight seal between the flange 14 and oven wall members is provided by the seal.

Preferably in the installation shown in Fig. 2 means are provided for mounting the closure door or wall structure for pivotal movement relative to the remainder of the stove. The hinge mounting to permit this result is well known in the art and his believed unnecessary therefore to describe such structure in detail. In a typical installation a bracket 46 might be provided that is movable through the wall 44a and at its opposite end is rigidly secured to the wall members. The hinge or guide 46 stabilizes the movement of the wall or door member and cooperates in supporting the closure with a hinge 47 that is rigidly secured to the wall 44a and which provides a pivotal support as indicated at 48 for the closure door.

A modified form of closure member is illustrated in F1gs..5 and 6. In this form of the invention an inner wall or door panel 50 is provided and spaced therefrom in an outer panel 51. The outer panel 51 is equipped with inwardly-turned peripheral flange portions 52 that telescopically receive therein the outwardly-turned peripheral flange 53 provided by a frame member 54. The frame member 54 at its inner end is turned inwardly as at 55 and provides a central opening 56 therethrough. The flange 55 extends inwardly and is received within the forwardly-turned peripheral edge portion 57 with which the imier panel 50 is equipped. 'Ihe flange 57 is turned upwardly and outwardly to provide an integral flange or wall portion 58 to which may be secured a sealing member or gasket 59.

In this form of the invention the outer panel 51 is rigidly secured to the frame member 54 and this may be accomplished by spot welding or otherwise rigidly securing the flange portions 52 and 53 together in a manner that has been hereinbefore described. The mounting for the handle 60 may also be operative to rigidly secure the frame and outer panel together. As is shown best in Fig. 6, a bolt 61 may extend through aligned apertures provided in the frame member 54 and outer panel 51. The bolt 61 extends through a longitudinal bore through a spacer 62 that is interposed between the frame 54 and panel 51. The handle 60 may be equipped with threaded apertures that threadedly receive the bolt 61 and thereby anchor the handle 60 securely to the panel 51.

The inner panel 50 is secured to the frame member 54 at spaced-apart points that provide limited metal-to-metal contact areas. Preferably the inner panel 50 is secured to the frame member at spaced points adjacent the bottom thereof as is shown in Fig. 5 and also at points along the side edges of the panel as is also shown in Fig. 5. The inner panel may be rigidly secured to the frame member 54 or may be adjustably secured thereto by means of bolts or by means of a spring construction such as shown in Fig. 4 and which has been heretofore described. In the specific embodiment illustrated in Fig. 6, the flange portion 58 of the inner panel is recessed at spaced points as designated by the numerals 62a and at such points the edge portion is perforated to receive the shank of a bolt 63. The frame member 54 is also apertured and receives the shank of the bolt and a nut 64 is threadedly received upon the threaded shank of the bolt. Washer members formed from some suitable heat insulating material such as asbestos are interposed between the flange 58 and frame member 54. The bolt 63 and nut 64 thereof draw the inner panel 50 into tight engagement with the washer 65 and thereby draw it tightly against the frame member 54 to provide a relatively rigid mounting for the inner panel.

This type of door construction may be used in the broiler of a domestic cooking stove and in such case the broiler compartment may be in the form of a drawer that can be withdrawn from the compartment or broiler space to provide access thereto. In such event, the inner panel 50 may have rigidly secured thereto by means of bolts .66, bracket members 67that in turn are secured to a bottom wall 68 that is'slidably supported the compartment andwhich may be withdrawn when the door or closure member is pulled outwardly from the heated space. This construction maybe wholly conventional and will not therefore be described inrfurther detail.

It will be appreciated that the wall structure or door may provide solid inner and outer panels as are shown in Figs. 1 through 6, or the panels may have windows therein which permit one to view the interior of the heated space without opening the closure door. The space between the inner panel 50.and outer panel 51 in the embodiment of the invention shown in Figs. 5 and 6 will be completely filled with insulation as is shown by the numeral 69. 'If desired, an insulating washer 70 may be interposed between the spacer member 62 and the frame member 5410 further insulate and break metal-to-metal contact between'the frame 54 and outer panel 5 1.

The wall structure operates to provide the outer panel at a relatively cool temperature even though the heated space enclosed by the wall is at a relatively high temperature and therefore the innerpanel of the wall is at a relatively high temperature. If the wall provides a door or closure member as is illustrated in the drawings, the door is manipulated in the usual manner. When the door is in closed position it tightly seals the heated space and prevents the escape of heated air therefrom.

The structure provides an integral and unitary door or wall structure having an inner panel and an outer panel spaced therefrom. The entire space between the panels is filled with insulation. Therefore, there are no passages for the flow of air between the inner and outer panel and there is no dissipation of the heat within the heated space which would result from such an air flow. The inner panel is supported at spaced-apart points by means that provide limited metal-to-metal contact areas and therefore there is little conduction of heat from the

inner panel

12 or 50 to the outer door or wall panels. It has been found that where large metal-to-metal contact areas exist, that there is considerable transfer of heat from an inner door panel to an outer door or wall panel. By eliminating large contact areas, such transfer of heat is also eliminated.

As an example, where this construction is used in the forming of oven doors for kitchen cooking stoves it has been found that where the interior of the oven and consequently the inner door panel are at a temperature of approximately 400 degrees F., the outer panel remains relatively cool and a person may place his hand upon the outer panel in safety without being burned or otherwise made uncomfortable.

By mounting the inner panel upon adjustable bolts or upon springs, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4, the precise position of the inner panel relative to the frame and outer panel of the wall structure may be adjusted as necessary to permit the outer panel to lie flush with the face of the stove and at the same time insure a tight seal between the inner panel and wall members of the oven or other heated space. If springs are employed, they bias the inner panel inwardly and tend to seat it firmly and tightly against a gasket interposed between that panel and the rigid walls of the heated space.

A modified form of oven door closure is illustrated in Fig. 7. The door or movable panel member in construction is substantially the same as that illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2 in particular. The door is designated generally with the numeral 75 and includes an outer panel 76, inner panel 77 and frame member 78. Since the construction is similar to those heretofore described, the door '75 will not again be described in detail.

The door member 75 is adapted to provide a closure for the access opening of an oven or broiler compartment. The compartment is defined in part by the generally horizontal wall 79 which is turned upwardly at the forward end to provide the flange 80. A bracket member 81, which is generally L-shaped, is rigidly secured to the wall member 79 by welding or other suitable means. A

.6 7 seal 82, which may be nylon, is securedto the inner panel 77 and is eifective to provide a substantially sealed closure for the oven compartment. It will be appreciated that the door member 75 may be filled with a suitable insulation and preferably the metal-to-metal contact between the inner panel 77 and frame member 78 is maintained at a minimum.

While in the foregoing specification embodiments of the invention have been set out in considerable detail for purposes of illustration, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that considerable deviation may be made in these details without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention.

[I claim:

1. In a wall structure adapted to provide a closure member for an access opening of a heated compartment, a perimetric frame, a liner rigidly secured to said frame and extending outwardly. therefrom, an outer panel equipped with a rearwardly-turned peripheral flange and being rigidly secured to said liner, an inner panel equipped with a forwardly-turned peripheral flange provided with an outwardly turned end portion extending in substantial parallel alignment with said liner in spaced relation therewith, said inner panel being secured to said liner at spaced-apart points along said end portion by means restricting the area of contact between said liner and inner panel, said outer'panel and said inner panel being spaced apart and the space therebetween being substantially completely filled with insulation.

2. The structure of claim 1 in which said outer panel is equipped with a handle, said handle being secured in place by means of connector bolts extending through said liner and said outer panel and into said handle, spacer members being provided between said liner and outer panel to maintain'the same in spaced-apart relation adjacent said handle member.

3. In combination with a cooking range having a front wall providing an access opening therein for an oven compartment, an insulating door providing a closure for said access opening, said door comprising an inner panel having a forwardly and outwardly turned perimetric flange adapted to sealingly engage the outer face of said wall to close said oven compartment, a liner spaced from said flange and extending outwardly therebeyond in generally parallel relation therewith, said liner being connected to said flange at spaced apart points of restricted area to limit heat conduction therebetween, that portion of said liner projecting outwardly beyond said flange being spaced, when said door is closed, from the outer face of said wall, a frame member secured to said liner and projecting inwardly therefrom beyond said flange, an outer panel connected to said liner adjacent the outer extremities thereof and being spaced a substantial distance from said inner panel, and thermal insulation filling the space between said panels, whereby when said door is closed, air may circulate between said liner and outer face of said wall and about said flange.

4. The combination of claim 3 in which said inner panel is connected .to said liner by spring members and cooperative adjustable means for resiliently supporting said inner panel and to afford adjustment thereof with respect to the face of said wall.

5. In a structure having a front wall providing an access opening therein for a heating compartment, an insulating door for said access opening, said door comprising an inner panel equipped at its outer edges with a forwardly extending wall portion adapted to be received within said access opening, said wall portion being turned outwardly at its end to provide a perimetric flange extending, when said door is closed, in substantially parallel relation with the forward face of said front wall, a liner oriented in substantially parallel spaced apart relation with said perimetric flange and projecting outwardly therefrom in spaced relation, when said door is closed, with the face of said front wall, said inner panel and said liner being secured together at'spaced apart points by fastenersoxtending through said perimetric flange, said fasteners providing restricted areas to limit heatconduction-from said inner panel to saidliner, an outer panel carried by said liner adjacent the outer extremities thereof and being spaced from said inner panel to define a chamber therebetween, and thermal insulation within said chamber, the spacing between said perimetric flange, liner, and front wall affording a space for the circulation of air.

6. In a structure having a heating compartment anda wall provided with an opening therein affording access to said compartment, a door forming a closure for said opening, said door comprising an inner panel adapted to sealingly engage the outer face of said wall to .close said compartment, a frame member spaced from said inner panel and being connected therewith about the perimeter thereof at spaced apart points of restricted area to limit heat conduction therebetween, the spacing between said frame member and said inner panel at said points of connection being in communication with air external to said heating compartment, an outer panel connected to said '8 frame member adjacent the outer extremities thereof and being spaced from said inner panel to define a chamber therebetween, and thermal insulation substantially filling the entire compartment between said panels, said insula- References Cited in the file of this patent .UNITED STATES.PATENTS 2,063,407 Smith Dec. 8, 1936 2,220,414 Kn'tzer Nov. 5, 1940 2,438,035 Buhman et a1. Mar 16, 1948 2,665,781 Battles et al Jan. 12, 1954 FOREIGN PATENTS $62,518 Great Britain July 5, 1944