US293933A - Boiler-furnace - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.)

A. BAOKUS, Jr.

BOILER FURNACE.

N0. 293,9 Patented Feb. 19, 1884,

WIN/5885s IIVI/E/VTOH Afforney H. PETERS. Pholo-Ullwgmphur, Washington. 4115 UNITED STATES P TENT OFFICE.

ABSALOM BAOKUS, JR, or DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

BOILER-FURNACE.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 293,933, dated Februaryvl9, 1884. Application filed November 30, 1883. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it 7nay concern Be it known that I, ABSALOM BACKUS,J1., of Detroit, county of Wayne, State of Michigan, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Boiler-Furnaces; and I declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it pertains to make'and use it, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification.

My invention consists of the combination of devices and appliances hereinafter specified and more particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings, Figure 1 represents a sectional view of my steam -boiler furnace and adjacent'parts. Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the same, with portionsbroken away.

It is the object of this invention to produce a furnace designed more particularly for use in wood working establishments where the fuel consists of sawdust, shavings, small waste, &c., which accumulates about the machinery, and is carried by blast, by conveyors, or other means, to the furnace -room for that purpose. In furnaces of this character I find several objects desirable to be incorporated, to wit: It being necessary to very frequently charge the furnace with fuel, the fireman should not be obliged every time to open and close furnace-doors. On the other hand, the fire being very fierce, the direct radiation toward the fireman should be prevented, and the opening into the furnace should be of such a character as not to materially detract from the effectiveness of the furnace by the admission of a stream of cold air between the surface of the fuel and the exposed surfaces of the boiler. Air should be provided as hot as possible at the bridge-wall to furnish oxygen adequate for the perfect combustion of the fuel, and consequentprevention of smoke, and, finally, the arrangement should be such that the shavings, 850., may be scraped or slid over the floor itself directly into the furnace.

The following is a description of my improved furnace.

A is an ordinary boiler, that in the drawings representing a return-fiueboiler, in which the products of combustion passing beneath the boiler to its rear end are deflected thence through the return-flue to the breeching and uptake located at its forward end.

B is the combustion-chamber, and G is the grate. The grate I prefer to make with a horizontal section and an upright section,as sh own, in order to supply a large grate-surface in proper position for effecively burning the fuel dumped upon it from above. The effect of this arrangement of the grate is to give to the fuel substantiallya uniform depth over the entire grate-surface, and at the same time the settling of the fuel as combustion progresses causes the ashes to drop through, and so keep the grate clear without stoking.

D is a bridge-wall.

E is an air-flue, entering from the front, or from any other convenient position. Passing thence through the division -walls it terminates in the top of the bridge-wall, and so supplies air through the openings 6 at this point to assist in combustio, I prefer to introduce the air thus through the division -walls. in order 7 that it may be thoroughly heated before escaping at the bridge-wall.

F is an arch between the division-wall and the front of the furnace.

G is the front wall of the ash-pit. It is projected up to about the level of the bottom of the boiler, more or less, and the fuel-fioor H is located at its top. Between the fuel-floor and the boiler is a feeding throat or opening, I, and I is a suitable plate that may be dropped down to close the feed -throat whenever it is desired to check the fire by cutting off the draft. Of course the uptake is provided with the usual dampers also for this purpose.

It will be observed that the arch F is so located that it prevents direct radiation from the fierce fire in the furnace into the face of the fireman, who may be feeding fuel into the throat I above. This arch also serves with the adjacent upright portion of the grate and the fuel-throat to constitute a kind of hopper, which may be filled more or less with-fuel, the fuel igniting and burning rapidly from the lower part of the arch in the combustionchamber proper, although it is in a state of quite active combustion in the lower part of this hopper.

J is a chute, through which shavings, &c., descend to the fuel-room.

K is a cut-off valve for cutting off or regustrong a draft down through the throat I as to plies the necessary additional oxygen at this lating the flow of shavings, 810., through the I chute.

L is a doorway for access to the ash-pit; M, a similar doorway for access to the boilerfiues.

Lis a doorleading into the chamber beneath the feeding-floor. It is apparent that the fireman can very. quickly charge the furnace by simply scraping the fuel over the floor into the throat I, while the arch serves to prevent radiation back into the face of the fireman. It is also apparent that there will always be so overcome any liability of the fire creepingbaek from the entrance of the throat into the fuel above. The fireman can regulate the draft through the throat I by regulating the amount of air admitted through the door L beneath the grate, for the more air admitted by this last passage the less will be the draft through the throat I, and vice versa. This arrangement of the feeding-floor H on a level above the furnace enables one fireman to'do what ordinarily requires at least two to accomplish, while the draft beneath the grate and the removal. of ashes, &c., can be accomplished without in any way disturbing the working of the fireman above or endangering the light fuel at the mouth of the chute. The 'air. ad.- mitted through the fines E, escaping at e, suppoint to effect a thorough combustion of the fuel.

By this construction of furnace the cold air entering the open throat I is kept away from direct contact with the boiler, and is carried down a considerable distance and discharged beneath the arch, so that when it again rises against the boiler it is commingled with the products of combustion and contributes to the intensity of the heat. The construction therefore does away with the pernicious effect upon the boiler of alternate heating and cooling of its shell contiguous to the furnace, which is well-known to be a prolific cause of deterioration and eventual rupture and disintegration of the boiler-shell.

WVhat I claim is 1. The combination, in a furnace for burn ing sawdust and similar substances, of the boiler, the feeding-floor at or near the level of the boiler, the feeding throat between the boiler and the edge of the floor, the grate, the combustion-chamber, the bridge-wall at the rear of the combustion-chamber, and the arch depending below the boiler over the grate and between the rear bridge-wall and combustionchamber and the rear edge of the feedingthroat, for dividing said throat from the combustion-chamber proper, substantially as described.

2. The combination of the boiler, the feeding-floor at or near the level of the boiler, the

feeding-throat between the rear edge of the floor and the boiler, the fire-grate composed of a horizontal section, and an upright section extending directly from the front edge of the same, the combustion chamber, the bridgewall at the rear thereof, and the pendent arch over the horizontal section of the grate, and arranged between the combustion-chamber and bridge-wall and the rear edge of the feed ing-throat, for dividing said throat from the combustion-chamber proper, substantially as described.

3. The combination of the boiler, the front furnace-wall, G, the feeding-floor 1-1 over the latter, the feeding-throat I'between the boiler and the rear edge of the floor, the fire-grate O, composed of the horizontal and upright sections between the bridge-wall and the front furnace-wall, the combustion-chamber B, and (he pendent arch F, between the front wall and the bridge-wall, arranged to divide the feeding-throat from the combustion-chamber, substantially as described.

4. The combination of the boiler, the feeding-floor at or near a level therewith, the feeding-throat formed between the rear edge of the feeding-floor and the front end of the boiler,

and the arch depending from the rear edge of the feeding-throat directly over the fire-grate, and between said throat and the bridge-wall, to divide said throat from the combustionchamber and also direct the cold air downward, substantially as described. In testimony whereof I sign this in the presence of two witnesses.

ABSALOM' BAOKUS, J R.

specification Vitnesses:

N. S. \VRIGHT, M. B. ODOGHERTY.

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