US2927873A - Method of increasing the resistance of metals to corrosion - Google Patents
Method of increasing the resistance of metals to corrosion Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2927873A US2927873A US317362A US31736252A US2927873A US 2927873 A US2927873 A US 2927873A US 317362 A US317362 A US 317362A US 31736252 A US31736252 A US 31736252A US 2927873 A US2927873 A US 2927873A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- acid
- resistance
- steel
- corrosion
- metals
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 title claims description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title description 7
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 title description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 title description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Niacin Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1 PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- OTLNPYWUJOZPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-nitrobenzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1 OTLNPYWUJOZPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000318 alkali metal phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 208000020442 loss of weight Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001463 metal phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000001968 nicotinic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960003512 nicotinic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011664 nicotinic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrous oxide Inorganic materials [O-][N+]#N GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/73—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals characterised by the process
Definitions
- This invention relates to a method according to which the resistance of metals to corrosion is increased.
- Example 1 The charge was allowed to cool and after three hours the autoclave was discharged. p-Nitro benzoic acid was formed during the reaction. Y
- Example 2 Acidproof metal plates, treated according to Example 1, were immersed 'into 10% sulphuric acid, which was refluxed for hrs. After-this time a loss of weight of only 0.1 g./m. /h. could be detected. Even to 50% sulphuric acid the resistance was. good. Untreated plates of the same material were submitted to the same acid solutions. These plates were rapidly attacked by the acid the evolutionof hydrogen.
- the oxidation nicotinic acid is formed amongst other products. Plates treated in this way showed the same resistance towards nitric, sulphuric and acetic acid as those described in Examples l and 2.
- Example 1 In the oxidiation of a mixture of pyridine bases with nitric acid at a pressure of 30 kg./crn.. and about 200 i C., a 33% nitric acid used containing 0.5% ortho phosphuric acid. Acidproof steel samples sufiered hereby no. loss in weight, but gained slowly in weight.
- test plates in the above mentioned experiments 7 were primarily of acidproof steel of different composition. In all the cases the final result has been in agreement with what has been stated in the above related examples.
- Method of enhancing the corrosion resistance of acidproof steel which comprises subjecting said steel to the action of dilute nitric acid, the concentration of the acid being about 33%, in the presence of amember of the group consisting of asalt of phosphoric acid and phosphoric acid at a temperature above C. and at a pressure within the approximate range of from 3 to 40 kg. per square cm.
- Method of enhancing the corrosion resistance of acidproof steel which comprises subjecting said steel to the action of a dilute solution of nitric acid in the presence of 'a member of the group consistingof a salt of phosphoric acid and phosphoric acid at a temperature above 185 C. and under super-atmospheric pressure.
- Method of enhancing the corrosion resistance of' acidproof steel which comprises subjecting said steel to the action of dilute nitric acid in the presence of a small amount-of phosphoric acid at temperatures above 185 7 C. and under super-atmospheric pressure.
- Method of enhancing the corrosion resistance of acidproof steel which comprises subjecting said steel to the action of dilute nitric acid in the presence of an alkali metal phosphate at temperatures above 185 C.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Preventing Corrosion Or Incrustation Of Metals (AREA)
Description
METHOD OF INCREASING THE RESISTANCE OF METALS TO CQRROSION Erik Birger Bengtsson and Olof Ingvar Olsson, Karlskoga,
Sweden, assignors to Aktiebolaget Bofors, Bofors, Sweden, :1 Swedish corporation No Drawing. Application October 28, 1952 Serial No. 317,362 7 1 Claims priority, application Sweden March 26, 1952' 4 Claims. 01. 148--6.15)
In such chemical industry where corroding agents are used, the choice'of construction material for reaction vessels will often cause great diificulties. The different brands of acidproof steel still do not satisfy all the requirements on resistance to acids, such as nitric acid and sulphuric acid. In particular in such reaction vessels made of acidproof steel, where the reaction occurs at high temperature, the corrosion is considerable in the presence of the above mentioned acids;
This invention relates to a method according to which the resistance of metals to corrosion is increased. By treating the metal with nitric acid, nitrates and/ or nitrous gases in the presence of inorganic metal phosphates and/or organic phosphates at elevated temperature and/or under pressure, an increased resistance to the above mentioned corrosive attack is obtained.
In the following some examples are given of the method according to the inventionand some figures of results achieved. What henceforward below will be said is however not intended to. limit the extent of this invention.
Example 1 The charge was allowed to cool and after three hours the autoclave was discharged. p-Nitro benzoic acid was formed during the reaction. Y
The acidproof steel sample had lost some weightbut",
. it has been found-that metals treated in this way are resistant to sulphuric acid, according to Example 2.
Example 2 Acidproof metal plates, treated according to Example 1, were immersed 'into 10% sulphuric acid, which was refluxed for hrs. After-this time a loss of weight of only 0.1 g./m. /h. could be detected. Even to 50% sulphuric acid the resistance was. good. Untreated plates of the same material were submitted to the same acid solutions. These plates were rapidly attacked by the acid the evolutionof hydrogen.
Patented Mar. 8 1960 'ice Example 3 Acidproof metal plates treated according to Example 1, were immersed into acetic acld and boiledin this acid for 24 hrs. The loss in Weight was after this treatment 0.01 g./m'.' /h. Under the same conditions untreated plates lost 4 g./m. /h.
Example 4 C. and at a pressure of about 40 kg./crn. for one hour.
By. the oxidation nicotinic acid is formed amongst other products. Plates treated in this way showed the same resistance towards nitric, sulphuric and acetic acid as those described in Examples l and 2.
, Example In the oxidiation of a mixture of pyridine bases with nitric acid at a pressure of 30 kg./crn.. and about 200 i C., a 33% nitric acid used containing 0.5% ortho phosphuric acid. Acidproof steel samples sufiered hereby no. loss in weight, but gained slowly in weight.
The test plates in the above mentioned experiments 7 were primarily of acidproof steel of different composition. In all the cases the final result has been in agreement with what has been stated in the above related examples.
We claim:
1. Method of enhancing the corrosion resistance of acidproof steel'which comprises subjecting said steel to the action of dilute nitric acid, the concentration of the acid being about 33%, in the presence of amember of the group consisting of asalt of phosphoric acid and phosphoric acid at a temperature above C. and at a pressure within the approximate range of from 3 to 40 kg. per square cm.
2. Method of enhancing the corrosion resistance of acidproof steel which comprises subjecting said steel to the action of a dilute solution of nitric acid in the presence of 'a member of the group consistingof a salt of phosphoric acid and phosphoric acid at a temperature above 185 C. and under super-atmospheric pressure.
3. Method of enhancing the corrosion resistance of' acidproof steel which comprises subjecting said steel to the action of dilute nitric acid in the presence of a small amount-of phosphoric acid at temperatures above 185 7 C. and under super-atmospheric pressure.
4. Method of enhancing the corrosion resistance of acidproof steel which comprises subjecting said steel to the action of dilute nitric acid in the presence of an alkali metal phosphate at temperatures above 185 C.
and undersuper-atmospheric pressure.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS \Attesting Officer UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION Patent No. 2,927,873 March 8 1960 Erik Birger Bengtsson et al.
It is herebjr certified that error appears in the -printed specification of the above numbered patent requiring correction and that the said Letters Patent should read as corrected below.
Column 2 line 37, for "within the approximate range of from 3" read within the approximate range of from 30 Signed and sealed this 20th day of September 1960.
( SEAL) Attest:
KARL H. AXLINE ROBERT C. WATSON Commissioner of Patents
Claims (1)
1. METHOD OF ENHANCING THE CORROSION RESISTANCE OF ACIDPROOF STEEL WHICH COMPRISES SUBJECTING SAID STEEL TO THE ACTION OF DILUTE NITRIC ACID, THE CONCENTRATION OF THE ACID BEING ABOUT 33%, IN THE PRESENCE OF A MEMBER OF THE GROUP CONSISTING OF A SALT OF PHOSPHORIC ACID AND PHOSPHORIC ACID AT A TEMPERATURE ABOVE 185*C. AND AT A PRESSURE WITHIN THE APPROXIMATE RANGE OF FROM 3* TO 40 KG. PER SQUARE CM.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE2927873X | 1952-03-26 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2927873A true US2927873A (en) | 1960-03-08 |
Family
ID=20427847
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US317362A Expired - Lifetime US2927873A (en) | 1952-03-26 | 1952-10-28 | Method of increasing the resistance of metals to corrosion |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2927873A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1796321B1 (en) * | 1966-12-17 | 1972-06-29 | Nippon Kokan Kk | PROCESS FOR PRODUCING A PROTECTIVE LAYER ON STEEL BY IMMERSING IN A SOLUTION AND HEATING UNDER PRESSURE |
| US4536228A (en) * | 1981-06-10 | 1985-08-20 | Pemberton Sintermatic S.A. | Corrosion inhibition in sintered stainless steel |
Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1303627A (en) * | 1919-05-13 | Treatment of iron or steel or other articles | ||
| US1446016A (en) * | 1921-10-08 | 1923-02-20 | Samuel M Langston Co | Cutter head |
| US1949090A (en) * | 1930-11-17 | 1934-02-27 | Metal Finishing Res Corp | Method and material for coating and cleaning metal |
| US2001754A (en) * | 1933-03-27 | 1935-05-21 | Metal Finishing Res Corp | Method and material for producing phosphate coating |
| US2132511A (en) * | 1934-06-23 | 1938-10-11 | Henkel & Cie Gmbh | Cleaning composition and method |
| US2283170A (en) * | 1939-11-30 | 1942-05-19 | Batcheller Clements | Method of coloring etched stainless steel |
| US2293716A (en) * | 1941-02-03 | 1942-08-25 | Parker Rust Proof Co | Metal treating solution |
| US2396457A (en) * | 1942-03-25 | 1946-03-12 | Reilly Tar & Chem Corp | Method of manufacturing pyridinecarboxylic acids |
| US2446060A (en) * | 1944-07-04 | 1948-07-27 | Battelle Development Corp | Chemical polishing of metal surfaces |
| US2694001A (en) * | 1950-04-06 | 1954-11-09 | Armco Steel Corp | Polishing stainless steel |
-
1952
- 1952-10-28 US US317362A patent/US2927873A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1303627A (en) * | 1919-05-13 | Treatment of iron or steel or other articles | ||
| US1446016A (en) * | 1921-10-08 | 1923-02-20 | Samuel M Langston Co | Cutter head |
| US1949090A (en) * | 1930-11-17 | 1934-02-27 | Metal Finishing Res Corp | Method and material for coating and cleaning metal |
| US2001754A (en) * | 1933-03-27 | 1935-05-21 | Metal Finishing Res Corp | Method and material for producing phosphate coating |
| US2132511A (en) * | 1934-06-23 | 1938-10-11 | Henkel & Cie Gmbh | Cleaning composition and method |
| US2283170A (en) * | 1939-11-30 | 1942-05-19 | Batcheller Clements | Method of coloring etched stainless steel |
| US2293716A (en) * | 1941-02-03 | 1942-08-25 | Parker Rust Proof Co | Metal treating solution |
| US2396457A (en) * | 1942-03-25 | 1946-03-12 | Reilly Tar & Chem Corp | Method of manufacturing pyridinecarboxylic acids |
| US2446060A (en) * | 1944-07-04 | 1948-07-27 | Battelle Development Corp | Chemical polishing of metal surfaces |
| US2694001A (en) * | 1950-04-06 | 1954-11-09 | Armco Steel Corp | Polishing stainless steel |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1796321B1 (en) * | 1966-12-17 | 1972-06-29 | Nippon Kokan Kk | PROCESS FOR PRODUCING A PROTECTIVE LAYER ON STEEL BY IMMERSING IN A SOLUTION AND HEATING UNDER PRESSURE |
| US4536228A (en) * | 1981-06-10 | 1985-08-20 | Pemberton Sintermatic S.A. | Corrosion inhibition in sintered stainless steel |
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