US2924526A - Duck feeds - Google Patents
Duck feeds Download PDFInfo
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- US2924526A US2924526A US738643A US73864358A US2924526A US 2924526 A US2924526 A US 2924526A US 738643 A US738643 A US 738643A US 73864358 A US73864358 A US 73864358A US 2924526 A US2924526 A US 2924526A
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- feed
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- 241000272525 Anas platyrhynchos Species 0.000 title description 17
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 210000000577 adipose tissue Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000272522 Anas Species 0.000 description 16
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 12
- 125000003917 carbamoyl group Chemical group [H]N([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 10
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 7
- AUNGANRZJHBGPY-SCRDCRAPSA-N Riboflavin Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)CN1C=2C=C(C)C(C)=CC=2N=C2C1=NC(=O)NC2=O AUNGANRZJHBGPY-SCRDCRAPSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 235000005911 diet Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 230000037213 diet Effects 0.000 description 6
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 6
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 6
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 5
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- AUNGANRZJHBGPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-Lyxoflavin Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)CN1C=2C=C(C)C(C)=CC=2N=C2C1=NC(=O)NC2=O AUNGANRZJHBGPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229960002477 riboflavin Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000002151 riboflavin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019192 riboflavin Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GHOKWGTUZJEAQD-ZETCQYMHSA-N (D)-(+)-Pantothenic acid Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)[C@@H](O)C(=O)NCCC(O)=O GHOKWGTUZJEAQD-ZETCQYMHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 13-cis retinol Natural products OCC=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MJVAVZPDRWSRRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Menadione Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C(C)=CC(=O)C2=C1 MJVAVZPDRWSRRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 2
- PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Niacin Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1 PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-BOOMUCAASA-N Vitamin A Natural products OC/C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(\C)/C=C/C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-BOOMUCAASA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229930003316 Vitamin D Natural products 0.000 description 2
- QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-XFEUOLMDSA-N Vitamin D3 Natural products C1(/[C@@H]2CC[C@@H]([C@]2(CCC1)C)[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)=C/C=C1\C[C@@H](O)CCC1=C QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-XFEUOLMDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N all-trans-retinol Chemical compound OC\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000006052 feed supplement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229960003512 nicotinic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000001968 nicotinic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011664 nicotinic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000019155 vitamin A Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011719 vitamin A Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019166 vitamin D Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011710 vitamin D Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940045997 vitamin a Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229940046008 vitamin d Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000004584 weight gain Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000019786 weight gain Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- PHKDBJBTACNZKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-methyl-2-nitropropyl) carbamate Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C(C)(C)COC(N)=O PHKDBJBTACNZKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KZDCMKVLEYCGQX-UDPGNSCCSA-N 2-(diethylamino)ethyl 4-aminobenzoate;(2s,5r,6r)-3,3-dimethyl-7-oxo-6-[(2-phenylacetyl)amino]-4-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylic acid;hydrate Chemical compound O.CCN(CC)CCOC(=O)C1=CC=C(N)C=C1.N([C@H]1[C@H]2SC([C@@H](N2C1=O)C(O)=O)(C)C)C(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 KZDCMKVLEYCGQX-UDPGNSCCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OLQJQHSAWMFDJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(hydroxymethyl)-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)[N+]([O-])=O OLQJQHSAWMFDJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SEAMRWZKMYUKOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-2-nitrobutan-1-ol Chemical compound CCC(C)(CO)[N+]([O-])=O SEAMRWZKMYUKOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MVGJRISPEUZYAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-2-nitropropan-1-ol Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)[N+]([O-])=O MVGJRISPEUZYAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 2-nitro-2-propyl-1,3-propanediol dicarbamate Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000272517 Anseriformes Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000075850 Avena orientalis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007319 Avena orientalis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GHOKWGTUZJEAQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chick antidermatitis factor Natural products OCC(C)(C)C(O)C(=O)NCCC(O)=O GHOKWGTUZJEAQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAKOWWREFLAJOT-CEFNRUSXSA-N D-alpha-tocopherylacetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2O[C@@](CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C ZAKOWWREFLAJOT-CEFNRUSXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019739 Dicalciumphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019733 Fish meal Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000004658 Medicago sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000017587 Medicago sativa ssp. sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical class O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000053208 Porcellio laevis Species 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000019755 Starter Diet Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930003779 Vitamin B12 Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000005862 Whey Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102000007544 Whey Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010046377 Whey Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- OEYIOHPDSNJKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N choline Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CCO OEYIOHPDSNJKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001231 choline Drugs 0.000 description 1
- AGVAZMGAQJOSFJ-WZHZPDAFSA-M cobalt(2+);[(2r,3s,4r,5s)-5-(5,6-dimethylbenzimidazol-1-yl)-4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-3-yl] [(2r)-1-[3-[(1r,2r,3r,4z,7s,9z,12s,13s,14z,17s,18s,19r)-2,13,18-tris(2-amino-2-oxoethyl)-7,12,17-tris(3-amino-3-oxopropyl)-3,5,8,8,13,15,18,19-octamethyl-2 Chemical compound [Co+2].N#[C-].[N-]([C@@H]1[C@H](CC(N)=O)[C@@]2(C)CCC(=O)NC[C@@H](C)OP(O)(=O)O[C@H]3[C@H]([C@H](O[C@@H]3CO)N3C4=CC(C)=C(C)C=C4N=C3)O)\C2=C(C)/C([C@H](C\2(C)C)CCC(N)=O)=N/C/2=C\C([C@H]([C@@]/2(CC(N)=O)C)CCC(N)=O)=N\C\2=C(C)/C2=N[C@]1(C)[C@@](C)(CC(N)=O)[C@@H]2CCC(N)=O AGVAZMGAQJOSFJ-WZHZPDAFSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZAKOWWREFLAJOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N d-alpha-Tocopheryl acetate Natural products CC(=O)OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2OC(CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C ZAKOWWREFLAJOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NEFBYIFKOOEVPA-UHFFFAOYSA-K dicalcium phosphate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NEFBYIFKOOEVPA-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229940038472 dicalcium phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000390 dicalcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004467 fishmeal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003102 growth factor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- ZMUADARPXLFDHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrocarbamic acid Chemical class OC(=O)N[N+]([O-])=O ZMUADARPXLFDHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940099990 ogen Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000003254 palate Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229940055726 pantothenic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019161 pantothenic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011713 pantothenic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004466 pelleted feed Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006054 starter diet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229940042585 tocopherol acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019163 vitamin B12 Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011715 vitamin B12 Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003710 vitamin D derivatives Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000012711 vitamin K3 Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011652 vitamin K3 Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940041603 vitamin k 3 Drugs 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
Definitions
- R is a radical selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, methyl, hydroxy and carbamyl
- R is a radical selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl and lower hydroxyalkyl
- R is selected from the group consisting of hydroxy and carbamyl
- Ducks are generally fed two types of rations. Young ducks are fed a high protein-low carbohydrate feed while older ducks are fed a low protein-high carbohydrate diet containing large amounts of energy. This type of diet causes rapid growth and produces a plump duck which is relatively greasy when cooked.
- Our additives are fed to ducks along with a high carbohydrate content diet, such as a diet containing about 15% total protein and about 1000 cals./lb.,as little or no fat reduction is obtained when our additives are added to high protein content starter diets, such as a diet containing about 21% total protein and about 800 cals./lb.
- the additives are evenly distributed in the feeds by blending the additive with about 19 times its weight of corn or soy products, blending this concentrate into 19 parts of feed and continuing this procedure until the desired concentration is obtained.
- our additives are fed to ducks as part of their daily ration and the final high energy ration should contain from about 0.0005 to about 0.06% of our additives for optimum fat reduction. If these amounts of our active ingredients are added to duck rations containing from about 12 to about 16% protein and from about 900 to about 1100 calories per pound, the ducks exhibit the desired type of growth and there is no marked decrease in feed utilization efiiciency or rate of growth.
- Percent Manganese, minimum 12.20 Iron, minimum 1 alcium, maximum B-Y--21 is Commercial Solvents Corporation riboflavin feed supplement containing 8 mg. 01' riboflavin per gram of supplement.
- PIOfGIlIfl-fi is Commercial Solvents Corporation feed supplemen: containing 6 mg. of vitamin B12 per pound of supp emen 5
- Baciferm PB-10 is Commercial Solvents Corporation feed supplement additive containing 7.5 grams of bacitracln per pound and 2.5 grams of procaine penicillin per pound.
- the ducks were weighed, sacri ficed, defeathered, finely ground and homogenized to form a liquid blend which was then ether extracted and analyzed.
- the ducks weighed on an average of 6.18 pounds at the end of the test and had consumed 2.95 pounds of feed per pound of weight gain.
- the duck carcasses had the following composition: 35.2% fat,
- Example II The procedure of Example I was carried out except that 100 grams of 2-nitro-2-methyl-l-propanol were added to the basal ration by blending the alcohol into the feed during mixing. At the end of the 43 day test period the ducks averaged 6.25 pounds of weight and had consumed 2.94 pounds of food for every pound of weight gain. The duck carcasses had the following compost tion: 32% fat, 12.1% protein, 53.0% water and 2.9% ash.
- Example III The process of Example I was followed except that 100 grams of Z-nitro-Z-propyl-l,3-propanediol dicarbamate were added to the ration of Example I. At the end of the 43-day test period the ducks averaged 5.88 pounds weight andhad gained one pound of weight for every 2.98 pounds of feed consumed. The ducks were. found to have the following body compositions: 32.7% fat, 12.8% portein, 52.2% water, and 2.5% ash.
- R is a radical selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, methyl, hydroxy, and carbamyl
- R is a radical selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl and lower hydroxyalkyl
- R is selected from the group consisting of hydroxy and carbamyl
- a nutrient feed for ducks containing as an essential active ingredient a small but effective. amount to reduce the formation of adipose'tissue of a'compound selected from the group consisting of compounds having the following structural formula:
- R is a radical selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, methyl, hydroxy, and carbamyl
- R is a radical selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl and lower hydroxyalkyl
- R is selected from the group consiting of hydroxy and carbamyl, and mixtures thereof.
- a duck feed comprising from about 0.0005 to about 0.06% by weight of a compound having the following structural formula:
- R is a radical selected from the group consisting yd ogen, m t y hydroxy. and r a y R1 is a radical selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl and lower hydroxyalkyl; and R is selected from the group consisting of hydroxy and carbamyl in a nutrient feed.
- R is a radical selected, from the. group consisting of hydrogen, methyl, hydroxy, and carbamyl; R is a radical selected from thegroup consisting of lower alkyl and lower hydroxyalkyl; and R is selected from the group consisting of hydroxy and carbarnyl.
- R is a radical selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, methyl, hydroxy, and carbamyl
- R is a radical selected from the group consisting of lower hydroxyalkyl
- R is selected from the group consisting of hydroxy and carbamyl.
- a duck feed comprising from about 0.0005-to about 0.06% by weight of Z-nitro-Z-methyl-l-propanol in a nutrient feed.
- a duck feed comprising from about 0.0005 to about 0.06% by weight of 2-nitro-2-ethyl-1-propanol in a nutrient feed.
- a duck feed comprising from about 0.0005 to about 0.06% by weight of 2-nitro-2-methyl-l-propanol carbamate in a nutrient feed.
- a duck feed comprising from about 0.0005 to about 0.06% by weight of 2-nitro2propyl-1,S-propanediol in a nutrient feed.
- a duck feed comprising from about 0.0005 to about 0.06% by Weight of 2-nitro-2-propyl-1,3-propanediol dicarbamate in a nutrient feed.
- a duck feed comprising from about 0.0005 to about 0.06% by weight of tris(hydroxymethyl)nitromethane in a nutrient feed.
Description
United States Patent DUCK FEEDS Marvin C. Bachman, Jerome L. Martin, and Joseph M.
No Drawing. Application May 29, 1958 Serial No. 738,643
11 Claims. (Cl. 99-4) Our invention relates to duck feeds, and more particularly, it relates to duck feeds containing a compound having the following structural formula:
where R is a radical selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, methyl, hydroxy and carbamyl, R is a radical selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl and lower hydroxyalkyl; and R is selected from the group consisting of hydroxy and carbamyl.
The trend in modern human nutrition is toward the consumption of diets containing reduced amounts of animal fats. In line with this trend, animal nutritionists have sought ways to make the domesticated duck less greasy when cooked and therefore more acceptable to the modern palate.
We have now discovered that ducks fed the above nitroalcohols and nitrocarbamates are relatively lean and produce a tasty, less greasy food when baked.
Ducks are generally fed two types of rations. Young ducks are fed a high protein-low carbohydrate feed while older ducks are fed a low protein-high carbohydrate diet containing large amounts of energy. This type of diet causes rapid growth and produces a plump duck which is relatively greasy when cooked. Our additives are fed to ducks along with a high carbohydrate content diet, such as a diet containing about 15% total protein and about 1000 cals./lb.,,as little or no fat reduction is obtained when our additives are added to high protein content starter diets, such as a diet containing about 21% total protein and about 800 cals./lb.
The additives are evenly distributed in the feeds by blending the additive with about 19 times its weight of corn or soy products, blending this concentrate into 19 parts of feed and continuing this procedure until the desired concentration is obtained.
Our additives are fed to ducks as part of their daily ration and the final high energy ration should contain from about 0.0005 to about 0.06% of our additives for optimum fat reduction. If these amounts of our active ingredients are added to duck rations containing from about 12 to about 16% protein and from about 900 to about 1100 calories per pound, the ducks exhibit the desired type of growth and there is no marked decrease in feed utilization efiiciency or rate of growth.
It is to be understood that not all of our compounds are active to the same degree and that the active ingredients of our invention may be utilized individually or as mixtures.
The following examples further illustrate our invention, but it is not intended that our invention be limited to the procedures, amounts of active ingredients, or described rations, but rather it is intended that all equivalents obvious to those skilled in the art be included within the scope of our invention.
2,924,526 Patented Feb. 9, 1960 2 EXAMPLE I Duplicate lots of 15 day-old Pekin ducks were fed a pelleted feed containing the following:
Ground yellow corn -lbs- 1468 Ground oats lbs 60 Soybean oil meal, 44% lbs 99 Fish meal, 60% lbs 150 Dried fish solubles lbs 10 Dried whey lbq 40 B-Y Basic 1 bs-.. 40 Alfalfa meal, 17% lbs 50 Dicalcium phosphate lbs 30 Ground limestone ..lbs.. 40 MnSO feed grade lbs-.. 0.5 CCC trace mineral lbs 0.5 Iodized salt lbs-.. 5 Vitamin A (10,000 u.) gms. 272- Vitamin D (1,500 n.) lbs.. 4 B-Y-21 3 l 1 Alpha-tocopherol acetate gms 7 Niacin gms 40 Menadione gms 0.5 Preterm-6 4 lbs 1 Baciferm PB-lO 5 lbs..- 1
Calculated analysis Protein percent 15.0 Fat do 3.6 Fiber 3.4 Calcium do 1.63 Phosphorus do 0.77. Energy cal./lb 1000 Riboflavin ma lib-.. 3.29 Niacin I mg /lb 32.1 Pantothenic acid mg./lb 5.3 Choline mg /lb 363 Vitamin A units/lb-.. 4594 Vitamin D units/lb 1361 Commercial Solvents Corporation commercial fermentation residues containing unknown growth factors.
2 Calcium Carbonate Company trace mineral salt having a. guaranteed analysis of:
. Percent Manganese, minimum 12.20 Iron, minimum 1 alcium, maximum B-Y--21 is Commercial Solvents Corporation riboflavin feed supplement containing 8 mg. 01' riboflavin per gram of supplement.
PIOfGIlIfl-fi is Commercial Solvents Corporation feed supplemen: containing 6 mg. of vitamin B12 per pound of supp emen 5 Baciferm PB-10 is Commercial Solvents Corporation feed supplement additive containing 7.5 grams of bacitracln per pound and 2.5 grams of procaine penicillin per pound.
At the end of 43 days the ducks were weighed, sacri ficed, defeathered, finely ground and homogenized to form a liquid blend which was then ether extracted and analyzed. The ducks weighed on an average of 6.18 pounds at the end of the test and had consumed 2.95 pounds of feed per pound of weight gain. The duck carcasses had the following composition: 35.2% fat,
12.8% protein, 50.2% water, and 2.7% ash.
EXAMPLE II The procedure of Example I was carried out except that 100 grams of 2-nitro-2-methyl-l-propanol were added to the basal ration by blending the alcohol into the feed during mixing. At the end of the 43 day test period the ducks averaged 6.25 pounds of weight and had consumed 2.94 pounds of food for every pound of weight gain. The duck carcasses had the following compost tion: 32% fat, 12.1% protein, 53.0% water and 2.9% ash.
EXAMPLE III The process of Example I was followed except that 100 grams of Z-nitro-Z-propyl-l,3-propanediol dicarbamate were added to the ration of Example I. At the end of the 43-day test period the ducks averaged 5.88 pounds weight andhad gained one pound of weight for every 2.98 pounds of feed consumed. The ducks were. found to have the following body compositions: 32.7% fat, 12.8% portein, 52.2% water, and 2.5% ash.
Now having described our invention, what we claim is:
l. A duck feed containing as an essential active ingredient a small but effective amount to reduce the formation of adipose tissue of a compound having the following structural formula:
where R is a radical selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, methyl, hydroxy, and carbamyl, R is a radical selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl and lower hydroxyalkyl, and R is selected from the group consisting of hydroxy and carbamyl.
2. A nutrient feed for ducks containing as an essential active ingredient a small but effective. amount to reduce the formation of adipose'tissue of a'compound selected from the group consisting of compounds having the following structural formula:
R]. where R is a radical selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, methyl, hydroxy, and carbamyl, R is a radical selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl and lower hydroxyalkyl; and R is selected from the group consiting of hydroxy and carbamyl, and mixtures thereof.
3'. A duck feed comprising from about 0.0005 to about 0.06% by weight of a compound having the following structural formula:
1'2 where R is a radical selected from the group consisting yd ogen, m t y hydroxy. and r a y R1 is a radical selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl and lower hydroxyalkyl; and R is selected from the group consisting of hydroxy and carbamyl in a nutrient feed.
4. In a process for the production'of ducks having reduced amounts of adipose tissue, the step which comprises feeding said ducks a nutrient ration containing a small but effective amount to reduce the formation of adipose tissue of a compound having the following structural formula:
t. where R is a radical selected, from the. group consisting of hydrogen, methyl, hydroxy, and carbamyl; R is a radical selected from thegroup consisting of lower alkyl and lower hydroxyalkyl; and R is selected from the group consisting of hydroxy and carbarnyl.
5. In a process for the production of ducks having reduced amounts of adipose tissue, the step which comprises feeding said ducks a nutrient ration containing from about 0.0005 to about 0.06% by weight of a compound having the following structural formula:
R]. where R is a radical selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, methyl, hydroxy, and carbamyl; R is a radical selected from the group consisting of lower hydroxyalkyl; and R is selected from the group consisting of hydroxy and carbamyl.
6. A duck feed comprising from about 0.0005-to about 0.06% by weight of Z-nitro-Z-methyl-l-propanol in a nutrient feed.
7. A duck feed comprising from about 0.0005 to about 0.06% by weight of 2-nitro-2-ethyl-1-propanol in a nutrient feed.
8. A duck feed comprising from about 0.0005 to about 0.06% by weight of 2-nitro-2-methyl-l-propanol carbamate in a nutrient feed.
9. A duck feed comprising from about 0.0005 to about 0.06% by weight of 2-nitro2propyl-1,S-propanediol in a nutrient feed.
10. A duck feed comprising from about 0.0005 to about 0.06% by Weight of 2-nitro-2-propyl-1,3-propanediol dicarbamate in a nutrient feed.
11. A duck feed comprising from about 0.0005 to about 0.06% by weight of tris(hydroxymethyl)nitromethane in a nutrient feed.
References Cited in the file of thispatent Slater: Jr. Am. Pharm. Assoc. Scient. Ed. 43 (1954), pp. 547-50.
Mills: Proc. Soc. for Exptl. Biol. and Med. 96 (October 1957), pp. 100-2.
Dupont: Agr. News Letter, Summer 1957, 25, pp. 3 and 4.
Claims (1)
1. A DUCK FEED CONTAINING AS AN ESSENTIAL ACTIVE INGREDIENT A SMALL BUT EFFECTIVE AMOUNT TO REDUCE THE FORMATION OF ADIPOSE TISSUE OF A COMPOUND HAVING THE FOLLOWING STRUCTURAL FORMULA:
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US738643A US2924526A (en) | 1958-05-29 | 1958-05-29 | Duck feeds |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US738643A US2924526A (en) | 1958-05-29 | 1958-05-29 | Duck feeds |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2924526A true US2924526A (en) | 1960-02-09 |
Family
ID=24968864
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US738643A Expired - Lifetime US2924526A (en) | 1958-05-29 | 1958-05-29 | Duck feeds |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2924526A (en) |
-
1958
- 1958-05-29 US US738643A patent/US2924526A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| None * |
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