US2922910A - Electron beam focusing device - Google Patents

Electron beam focusing device Download PDF

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Publication number
US2922910A
US2922910A US605083A US60508356A US2922910A US 2922910 A US2922910 A US 2922910A US 605083 A US605083 A US 605083A US 60508356 A US60508356 A US 60508356A US 2922910 A US2922910 A US 2922910A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
tubular guide
air gap
disks
electron beam
portions
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US605083A
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English (en)
Inventor
Meyerer Paul
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens and Halske AG
Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2922910A publication Critical patent/US2922910A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
    • H01J23/02—Electrodes; Magnetic control means; Screens
    • H01J23/08—Focusing arrangements, e.g. for concentrating stream of electrons, for preventing spreading of stream
    • H01J23/087—Magnetic focusing arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
    • H01J23/36—Coupling devices having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube, for introducing or removing wave energy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
    • H01P5/08—Coupling devices of the waveguide type for linking dissimilar lines or devices

Definitions

  • This invention relates to wave coupling for traveling wave tubes and the like and is particularly concerned with a device for coupling a wave guide in a hollow conductor into a tubular guide disposed between and connected to permanent magnets.
  • Timing tubes and especially traveling wave tubes frequently require a homogeneous magnetic field of relatively great length for guiding an electron beam.
  • Such homogeneous magnetic field is produced by the use of a soft iron cylindrical member, constituting a tubular guide, which interconnects the poles of permanent magnet rods.
  • the geometric dimensions of the soft iron cylindrical tubular guide, which is magnetically saturated, determine the course of the magnetic field strength inside thereof.
  • the electromagnetic wave which is carried, for example, by a hollow conductor, must be coupled into the tubular guide and for this purpose, such guide must be provided with a passage.
  • An improvement of the rotation symmetric at the coupling area may be obtained, for example, by increasing the diameter of the tubular guide at the corresponding area.
  • Such an arrangement has the disadvantage that it can be technically produced only for hollow conductors for a wave length with an upper limit of about 15 cm. Folded hollow conductors provide in this respect no improvement.
  • the rotation unsymmetry of the magnetic field becomes too great in the case of higher wave lengths requiring greater dimensions of the hollow conductor.
  • the object of the invention is to provide for the coupling of a wave propagated in a hollow conductor, into a tubular guide disposed between and interconnecting the magnetic poles of permanent magnets, a device which is also applicable for hollow conductors for wave lengths exceeding 15 cm., substantially without disturbing the rotation symmetry of the magnetic field.
  • the principal feature of the device according to the invention resides in the provision of a tubular guide having tubular portions the outer ends of which are connected with the permanent magnets and the inner ends of which are spaced apart and carry soft iron disks, thus forming an air gap at which the coupling is effected, the width of said air gap corresponding at least to the size of the hollow conductor, and the spaced apart portions of the tubular guide forming a magnetic impedance per unit of length of the tubular guide and the width of the air gap which is of substantially identical magnitude.
  • the invention is based upon recognition of the following considerations.
  • this constant distribution is obtained by interrupting the tubular guide by the provision of an air gap formed by spaced apart portions thereof along which the magnetic impedance per unit of length of the tubular guide and air gap width is of substantially equal magnitude.
  • the cross-sectional area of the tubular guide is for this purpose advantageously increased -fold at the air gap. This increase of the crosssectional area is in accordance with the invention in simple manner obtained by mounting on the spaced apart portions of the tubular guide soft iron magnetic disks.
  • the mutually oppositely positioned surfaces of these disks compel the distribution of the lines of force, and a substantially homogeneous course of the field will be obtained by making the disks ,u-times greater than the cross-sectional area of the tubular portions of the guide facing the air gap.
  • the size of the soft iron disks will depend upon the permeability of the material of the tubular guide and the permeability of the material of which the disks are made. It is of advantage to use a material for the soft iron disks which has a permeability exceeding that of the material of the guide tube.
  • FIG. 1 shows an example of the invention in longitudinal cross-sectional view
  • Fig. 2 shows a transverse sectional view taken along line 22 of Fig. l and looking in the direction of the arrows.
  • numeral 1 indicates permanent magnets interconnected by soft iron bars 2 and by spaced apart portions 3 of a tubular guide adapted to receive a traveling wave tube (not shown), and formingan air gap 4.
  • a soft iron magnetic disk Secured to the inner end of each portion 3 of the tubular guide is a soft iron magnetic disk as respectively indicated at 6 and 7.
  • the magnetic lines of force extending within the tubular guide from pole to pole of the permanent magnets and across the air gap are indicated in Fig. 1 by dash lines 5. It will be seen that the density of the lines of force in the iron of the and 7 reduce the density of the lines of force across the air gap as compared with the density thereof in the tubular guide.
  • the density of the lines of force across the air gap will be reduced by the factor ,u, as compared with the density of the lines of force in the iron of the tubular guide, thereby realizing the intentions of the invention.
  • the disks may have the simple form as indicated in connection with the disk 7. It is however of advantage to make the disks in the shape as indicated in connection with the disk 6, that is, with a cross-section which is greatest at the point of connection with the tubular guide and diminishing with increasing distance laterally thereof.
  • the invention is not inherently limited to the shapes of the disks as shown in the drawing.
  • An electron beam focusing device for a traveling wave tube having provision for coupling wave energy to Said tube, said device including spaced permanent magnets, and a paramagnetic tubular guide extending between said permanent magnets, said tubular guide comprising two tubular portions, the outer end of each portion connected to one of said permanent magnets, the inner ends of said portions being' spaced apart and each inner end carrying a soft iron disk radially outwardly extending therefrom, said inner ends with said disks thereon defining an air gap the width of which corresponds at least to the size of the hollow conductonthe wave coupling being effected at said air gap, said tubular guide and air gap having a substantially constant magnetic impedance per unit of distance intermediate said permanent magnets.
  • a device wherein the respective materials of said tubular guide portions and of said disks have different permeability.

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  • Microwave Tubes (AREA)
  • Particle Accelerators (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
US605083A 1955-09-22 1956-08-20 Electron beam focusing device Expired - Lifetime US2922910A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DES45672A DE1006534B (de) 1955-09-22 1955-09-22 Ankopplungsanordnung fuer eine Laufzeitroehre, bei der die gebuendelte Fuehrung des Elektronenstrahls durch ein im wesentlichen homogenes Magnetfeld erfolgt

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2922910A true US2922910A (en) 1960-01-26

Family

ID=7485650

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US605083A Expired - Lifetime US2922910A (en) 1955-09-22 1956-08-20 Electron beam focusing device

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US2922910A (ko)
CH (1) CH341204A (ko)
DE (1) DE1006534B (ko)
FR (1) FR1152971A (ko)
GB (1) GB835029A (ko)
NL (2) NL210816A (ko)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3134925A (en) * 1960-09-12 1964-05-26 Westinghouse Electric Corp Magnetic structure for providing smooth uniform magnetic field distribution in traveling wave tubes
US20110298408A1 (en) * 2009-04-13 2011-12-08 Zhongshan Broad-Ocean Motor Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Motor, control method therefor, and cluster control system comprising the same

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2991391A (en) * 1957-07-24 1961-07-04 Varian Associates Electron beam discharge apparatus

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2153643A (en) * 1936-01-24 1939-04-11 Telefunken Gmbh Cathode ray deflection apparatus
US2200039A (en) * 1937-11-01 1940-05-07 Emi Ltd Permanent magnet device for producing axially symmetrical magnetic fields
US2227711A (en) * 1937-02-20 1941-01-07 Firm Of Fernseh Ag Deflecting device for cathode ray tubes
US2259531A (en) * 1938-05-25 1941-10-21 Emi Ltd Magnetic electron lens
US2575383A (en) * 1946-10-22 1951-11-20 Bell Telephone Labor Inc High-frequency amplifying device
US2791711A (en) * 1951-08-24 1957-05-07 Research Corp Apparatus for generating hollow electron beams
US2822500A (en) * 1952-04-08 1958-02-04 Itt Traveling wave electron discharge devices
US2825840A (en) * 1953-01-29 1958-03-04 Itt Traveling wave electron discharge devices
US2830223A (en) * 1954-04-22 1958-04-08 Gen Electric Scalloped beam amplification
US2844750A (en) * 1954-09-22 1958-07-22 Siemens Ag Focused electron flow electron tube for very high frequencies

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE503841A (ko) * 1950-06-15

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2153643A (en) * 1936-01-24 1939-04-11 Telefunken Gmbh Cathode ray deflection apparatus
US2227711A (en) * 1937-02-20 1941-01-07 Firm Of Fernseh Ag Deflecting device for cathode ray tubes
US2200039A (en) * 1937-11-01 1940-05-07 Emi Ltd Permanent magnet device for producing axially symmetrical magnetic fields
US2259531A (en) * 1938-05-25 1941-10-21 Emi Ltd Magnetic electron lens
US2575383A (en) * 1946-10-22 1951-11-20 Bell Telephone Labor Inc High-frequency amplifying device
US2791711A (en) * 1951-08-24 1957-05-07 Research Corp Apparatus for generating hollow electron beams
US2822500A (en) * 1952-04-08 1958-02-04 Itt Traveling wave electron discharge devices
US2825840A (en) * 1953-01-29 1958-03-04 Itt Traveling wave electron discharge devices
US2830223A (en) * 1954-04-22 1958-04-08 Gen Electric Scalloped beam amplification
US2844750A (en) * 1954-09-22 1958-07-22 Siemens Ag Focused electron flow electron tube for very high frequencies

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3134925A (en) * 1960-09-12 1964-05-26 Westinghouse Electric Corp Magnetic structure for providing smooth uniform magnetic field distribution in traveling wave tubes
US20110298408A1 (en) * 2009-04-13 2011-12-08 Zhongshan Broad-Ocean Motor Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Motor, control method therefor, and cluster control system comprising the same
US8587245B2 (en) * 2009-04-13 2013-11-19 Zhongshan Broad-Ocean Motor Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Motor, control method therefor, and cluster control system comprising the same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL210816A (ko)
DE1006534B (de) 1957-04-18
NL100180C (ko)
CH341204A (de) 1959-09-30
FR1152971A (fr) 1958-02-27
GB835029A (en) 1960-05-18

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