US2919904A

US2919904A - Dryer drum

Info

Publication number: US2919904A
Application number: US602111A
Authority: US
Inventors: Lester B Cundiff
Original assignee: American Viscose Corp
Current assignee: Akzo Nobel UK PLC
Priority date: 1956-08-06
Filing date: 1956-08-06
Publication date: 1960-01-05
Anticipated expiration: 1977-01-05

Description

Jan. 5, 1960 L. B. CUNDIFF 2,919,904

DRYER DRUM Filed Aug. s, 1956 United States Patent 2,919,904 DRYER DRUM Lester B. Cund ilf, Wilmington, Del., assignor to American Viscose Corporation, Philadelphia, Pa., a corporation of Delaware Application August 6, 1956, Serial No. 602,111

6 Claims. Cl. 251-95 The present inventionrelates to a drying roll which is used for'drying 'traveling sheets of flexible material such as cellophane. In particular, the invention relates to a drying roll which when in operation maintains a temperature dilferential between the end and more central surface portions of the roll. The invention also relates to a method for circulating the heating medium within the drying roll.

In the production of continuous flexible sheet material such as cellophane, the general practice is to dry the Wet sheets by passing them over a series of rotating hollow rolls which are internally heated by a suitable heating medium such as steam or hot Water. With these rolls, the entire roll surface is maintained at substantially uniform temperature. In view of this factor, many difficulties and disadvantages are encountered which tend to produce final sheet products of inferior quality.

When using the above-described uniform temperature rolls, it has been found that the edge portions of the film or sheet are dried more rapidly than the more central portions of the film whereby the final film has a non-uniform moisture content. The edge portions of the sheet are sometimes in brittle condition in view of the fact that they contain less moisture than the remainder of the sheet. In addition, the sheet edge portions shrink more rapidly than the central portions of the sheet whereby the final film or sheet has curly or floppy edges which tend to tear or rip at the slightest provocation; thus marring or damaging the entire sheet. Obvious difficulties are encountered when using such a sheet of non-uniform strength and moisture content in wrapping machines, packaging machines, multicolor printing machines, etc.

Various drying methods and apparatus have been experimented with in the past in an attempt to overcome these difliculties and disadvantages mentioned above. To vdate, none of these methods or apparatus has proved satisfactory. For example, efforts have been made to mechanically prevent uneven shrinkage of the film during :the drying operation by clamping or gripping the sheet or film at the film edges to apply tension to the sheet away from the sheet center to counteract any rapid shrinkage of the sheet edge portions. It was found, however, that the clamps tend to tear or rip the edge portions of the sheet or film.

It is therefore one object of my invention to provide a novel and improved drying roll for traveling sheets of flexible material which can be used to produce final sheet products which have uniform moisture content and a uniform shrinkage pattern.

Another object of my invention is to provide a novel and improved drying roll wherein a temperature differential is maintained between the end and .more central portions of the roll surface.

Still another object of my invention is to provide a novel and improved drying roll which has means for controlling the circulation of. the heating medium within 2,919,904 Patented Jan. 5, 1960 2. the drum interior to provide cool ends for the drying roll.

Other objects and advantages of my invention will become more apparent from a study of the following descriptions and drawings wherein:

Figure l is a longitudinal section of my drying roll showing the internal structure of the roll;

Figure 2 is a longitudinal section of an embodiment of my drying roll which shows the internal roll structure; and

Figure 3 is a section taken along Figure l.

Briefly, my invention comprises a drum with a pair of end closures. Within thev drum interior'are a pair. of sealed-oft and spaced-apart generally cylindrical compartments which lie in end-to-end relationship longitudinally of the drum. A'central chamber is provided between the compartments. An annular channel between the inner surface of the drum and the cylindrical compartments connects with the chamber between the spacedapart compartments. The annular channel extends the length of the drum. Means are provided for supplying a heating medium into the chamber between the compartments. A plurality of ports extend around and through each compartment at the outer ends thereof to permit the heating medium to pass into the compartment interiors. Discharge means are provided through which the heating medium is discharged from the compartment interiors and the drum itself.

Referring now to the drawings, and more particularly to Figure 1, my drying roll comprises a drum I having

end closures

3 and 5 for sealing off the drum interior. The

end closures

3 and 5 are supported for rotation in journal supports 11 and 13. A drive gear 15 for rotating the drum is aflixed to a shaft extension 14 of the end closure 5.

' As further seen in Figure l, a pair of

inner shells

17 and 19, preferably of substantially cylindrical shape, are positioned endwise in spaced-apart relationship within the drum interior. The outer end of each shell is open and supported by

shoulders

21, 21 of the

drum end closures

3 and 5 to substantially seal off the shell interiors from the drum interior to provide substantially sealed-01f compartments C, C. To connect the sealed-off .cornpartments C, C with one another, a series of connecting conduits 23, 23 (also see Figure 3) are supported by and extend through the opposing

inner endwalls

24, 24 of the

shells

17, 19. Since, as seen in the drawing, the shells are of smaller diameter than the drum, an annular channel 25 is provided between the inner surface of the drum 1 and theshell surfaces. This channel extends for the full length .of the drum 1 and lies in communication with a chamber 26 formed between

inner end walls

24, 24 of the

shells

17, 19 adjacent the mid-point of the drum 1.

The interior of each

shell

17, 19 or compartment C is connected Withthe annular channel 25 at the outer end of each .shell by a series of ports or

openings

27, 27 which extend around and through the shell-peripheries at the outer end of each shell.

A heating medium supply. conduit 29 extends through the drum end closure 3, through the interior of shell 19 and into the chamber 26 between the opposing inner ends of

shells

17, 19. The supply conduit 29 is mounted lines III-'III of externally of the drum in -a rotary type bearing assembly 3 point within the interior of shell 19. The discharge conduit is of larger diameter than the supply conduit 29 whereby an annular pasage 34 is provided between the two conduits which passage opens at a point externally of the drum into a tank 35 which leads into a recirculation system 37 for the heating medium.

In operation, the heating medium such as steam or hot water passes through the supply conduit 29 and empties into the chamber 26 between the opposing inner ends of

shells

17, 19. From this point, the drying medium passes outwardly to the annular channel 25 where it is divided into two streams. The streams then travel in opposite directions through the annular channel 25 toward the ends of the drum 1. The heating medium passing through the annular channel 25 heats the surface of drum 1 during its travel. As the medium approaches the extreme ends of the channel 25, it passes through the

ports

27, 27 at the end of each

shell

17, 19 Whereupon the heating medium is collected within the shell interiors. As the drum continues to rotate, the heating medium from the interior of shell 17 passes through the connecting

conduits

23, 23 for the shells and enters the interior of shell 19. From this point, the heating medium passes through the discharge conduit 33 and into the recirculation system 37. Simultaneously, the heating medium passing through

ports

27, 27 of shell 19 also enters the discharge conduit 33 and is discharged in similar manner as described above to the recirculation system 37.

With this arrangement, it is obvious that the end surface portions of the drum surface will constantly be maintained at a lower temperature than the more central portions of the drum surface since the temperature of the heating medium will gradually decrease through heat transfer as it travels outwardly in opposite directions from the mid-point of the annular channel 25 toward the ends of the channel 25.

A modification or embodiment of my drier roll is seen in Figure 2 of the drawing. The difference between the structures of Figure 1 and Figure 2 lies principally in the feature that a single unitary inner shell 45 is used instead of the pair of

shells

17, 19 of Figure 1. With the embodiment of Figure 2, a pair of spaced-

apart partition plates

47, 47 which form a seal fit with the inner surface of the shell 45 are supported in spaced-apart relationship within the inner shell 45 adjacent the shell center to provide a pair of sealed-off compartments C, C and to provide a central chamber 26 between the partition plates as with the embodiment shown in Figure 1. To permit the heating medium'entering the chamber '26 defined by the

plates

47, 47 to pass into the annular channel 25 provided between the interior surface of the drum 1 and the single inner shell 45, a series of

ports

49, 49 extend around and through that portion of the periphery of shell 45 surrounding the chamber 26 defined by the

plates

47, 47. The remainder of the structure shown in Figure 2 is essentially the same as that of Figure 1.

With the embodiment of Figure 2, the heating medium is circulated and discharged from the compartments and drum in the manner described with respect to thedrum shown in Figure l of the drawing.

Although the difference in temperature between the central and end surface portions of the drum will remain substantially constant, the temperature of the central and end surface portions .of the drum may be adjusted by varying the temperature ofthe drying medium intro- .duced within the drum.

With both the embodiments described above, the temperature .of the heating medium decreases as ittravels outwardly through the'annular channel .25 toward the ends of the drum since themore central surface portions ofthe drum absorb the heat from the medium. The end surface portions of the drumare therefore somewhat A1 cooler than the more central surface portions of the drum.

It is to be understood that my invention is not necessarily limited to the embodiments set forth in the drawing. Changes and variations may be incorporated within the structure without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.

I claim:

1. A drying roll comprising a drum, end closures for the drum, a pair of sealed-off and spaced-apart generally cylindrical compartments lying in endwise relationship Within the drum interior whereby a chamber is formed between the compartments, said compartments having a smaller diameter than that of the drum and lying concentrically with the drum whereby a substantially annular channel is formed between the inner surface of the drum and the cylindrical compartments, said annular channel communicating with the chamber, conduits supported by and extending through the opposing ends of the compartments for connecting the compartment interiors, a conduit extending through one end of the drum and through one of the compartments which conduit terminates within the chamber between the compart ments for introducing heating liquid into the chamber, a plurality of ports leading into the compartments which connect with the annular channel at the outer end of each compartment for collecting within the compartment interiors the heating liquid passing through the annular channel, a heating liquid exhaust conduit concentrically positioned around the heating medium supply conduit and terminating within the compartment housing the supply conduit, said exhaust conduit collecting both the heating liquid passing into the compartment interior from the other compartment through the connecting conduits for the two compartments and the heating liquid passing into the compartment housing the exhaust conduit through the compartment ports, and means afiixed to one of the end closures of the drum for rotating the drum.

2. A drying roil according to claim 1 wherein the compartments comprise an inner shell supported in position by the drum end closures, and a pair of spacedapart partition plates positioned within the inner shell of the drum adjacent the center thereof and forming a seal fit with the inner surface of 1the=shell, said plates also defining the center chamber into which the heating liquid is introduced.

3. A drying roll according to claim 2 comprising a series of outlet ports extending through and around the shell surface surrounding the 'area between the plates whereby the heating liquid introduced within-the-chamher may pass into the annular channel.

4. A liquid heated drying roll comprising a drum, end closures for the drum, a'pair of cylindrical shells mounted within saiddrum and coaxially therewith, said shells being closed at their outer ends by the end closures for the drum, closures for the inner ends of said shells, said shells being of smaller diameter than the drum whereby annular passages are formed between the shells and the drum, the closures forthe inner ends of said shells being spaced apart soras to provide a chamber therebetween which is in open communication with said annular channels, a liquid conducting conduit extending through one of said end closures the interior ofthe adjacent shell and the closureclosingthe inner end of said shell and terminating in ,said chamber for supplying a heating liquid to ,said chamber, a plurality of ports through said shells near the outer ends thereof placing the interiors of the shells in communication with said annular channels whereby liquidsupplied tosaid chamber flows through said annular channels fromthe central part of said drying roll toward the ends thereof and into the interior of said shells, a conduit extending through the closures for. the inner ends ofsaid-shells and placing the interiors of said shells in communication with one another, discharge means for discharging the heating liquid from one of said shells, and means for rotating the drum.

5. A drying roll as set forth in claim 4 wherein said liquid conducting conduit is coaxial with the axis of said drum.

6. The drying roll according to claim 4 wherein the discharge means is a conduit located coaxially and outside of said liquid conducting conduit and communicat- 10 ing with the interior of the shell through which said liquid conducting conduit passes.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Oliver Jan. 3, 1888 Hitchcock Jan. 24, 1928 Sherts Nov. 3, 1942 FOREIGN PATENTS Germany July 2, 1894 Great Britain Apr. 28, 1927